ReportsTap - 1st To 30th November 2022 Lyst8557

NOVEMBER - 2022
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Contents
FIRST SECTION ....................................................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 Mother Tongue Survey of India ................................................................................................................. 4
1.2 Dynamic Ground Water Resource Assessment Report ............................................................................ 4
1.3 The State of Food and Agriculture 2022 Report ....................................................................................... 6
1.4 The Adaptation Gap Report 2022: Too Little, Too Slow – Climate adaptation failure puts world at
risk 6
1.5 Climate and Development: An Agenda for Action .................................................................................... 8
1.6 Global Status Report on Physical Activity 2022 ....................................................................................... 9
1.7 World Global TB Report 2022 ..................................................................................................................10
1.8 2022 NDC Synthesis Report .....................................................................................................................12
1.9 Emissions Gap Report 2022 .....................................................................................................................13
1.10 World Energy Outlook 2022 ....................................................................................................................14
1.11 Performance Grading Index (PGI) 2020-21............................................................................................16
1.12 Unified District Information System for Education Plus (UDISE+) 2021-22 ......................................18
Second Section.......................................................................................................................................................20
1.13 Why this is India’s Decade ........................................................................................................................20
1.14 Reinvigorating India’s Economic Engagements with Southern Africa .................................................22
1.15 Powering India’s Energy Vision 2030 .....................................................................................................22
1.16 World Heritage Glaciers – Sentinels of Climate Change.........................................................................23
1.17 Carbon Billionaires: The investment emissions of the world’s richest people ....................................24
1.18 Climate Transparency Report 2022 ........................................................................................................25
1.19 Arm’s production capabilities in the Indo pacific region .......................................................................26
1.20 Arms industry........................................................................................................................................27
1.21 2022 Forest Deceleration Assessment ....................................................................................................27
1.22 QS Asia University Rankings 2023.......................................................................................................29
Reports and Indices 16th to 30th November ........................................................................................................30
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Reports and
Indices
1st to 15th November
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FIRST SECTION
1.1 Mother Tongue Survey of India
Released by- Ministry of Home Affairs
About the report-
 Mother Tongue Survey of India (MTSI) is a project that “surveys the mother tongues which
are returned consistently across two and more Census decades”.
 It also documents the linguistic features of the selected languages.
 It aims to preserve and analyse the original flavour of each indigenous mother tongue.
 National Informatics Centre (NIC) and the National Film Development Corporation (NFDC) will
be documenting and preserving the linguistic data of the
surveyed mother tongues in audio-video files.
 Video-graphed speech data of Mother Tongues will be uploaded
on the NIC survey for archiving purposes.
Key findings of the report-
 As part of this survey, field videography of 576 mother tongues
was done.
 As per an analysis of 2011 linguistic census data in 2018, more
than 19,500 languages or dialects are spoken in India as mother
tongues.
o The category “mother tongue” is a designation provided by
the respondent, but it need not be identical with the actual
linguistic medium.
o Hence, after subjecting these languages to linguistic
scrutiny, they were grouped into 121 mother tongues.
 Hindi is the most widely spoken mother tongue, with 52.8 crore
people or 43.6% of the population declaring it as the mother
tongue.
o The next highest is Bengali spoken by around 8% of the
population.
1.2 Dynamic Ground Water Resource Assessment Report

Released by- Central Ground Water Board (CGWB), States and Union Territories.
 Main Source of Groundwater: The main source of replenish-able ground water resources is
recharge from rainfall, which contributes to nearly 61% of the total annual groundwater
recharge.
 India receives about 119 cm. of rain annually on average with high spatial variation.
o A major part of the country receives rainfall mainly during the South West(SW)
Monsoon season, spread over the months of June to September, except in Tamil Nadu
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where the major contribution is from the NE monsoon during the period October–
December.
 The total annual ground water recharge is 437.60 billion Cubic Meters (BCM) and the annual
ground water extraction is 239.16 BCM.
o Major increase is noticed in the States of Bihar, Telangana, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil
Nadu, Arunachal Pradesh, Odisha and Gujarat.
o Assessment indicates an increase in ground water recharge.
o Annual groundwater extraction for irrigation, domestic and industrial uses has come
down by about 6 billion cubic metres (bcm) to 239 bcm in 2022 from 2020.
 By comparison, an assessment in 2020 found that the annual groundwater recharge was 436
bcm and extraction 245 bcm.
 The 2022 assessment suggests that groundwater extraction is the lowest since 2004, when it
was 231 bcm.
 Further, out of the total 7089 assessment units in the country, 1006 units (14%) have been
categorized as ‘Over-exploited’, 260 units (4%) are categorized as ‘critical’, 885 units (12%) as
‘semi critical’ and 4780 (67%) as ‘safe’.
o There is also an improvement in groundwater conditions in 909 assessment units in the
country compared with 2017 assessment data.
o Over-exploited assessment units are mostly concentrated in:
 Northwestern part of the country including parts of Punjab, Haryana, Delhi and
Western Uttar Pradesh where even though the replenishable resources are
abundant, there have been indiscriminate withdrawals of ground water leading
to over-exploitation;
 The western part of the country, particularly in parts of Rajasthan and Gujarat,
where due to arid climate, groundwater recharge itself is limited, leading to
stress on the resource.
 The southern part of peninsular India including parts of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu
Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, where due to inherent characteristics of
crystalline aquifers, the ground water availability is low.
 About 87% of total annual groundwater extraction i.e., 208.49 bcm is for irrigation use. Only
30.69 bcm is for Domestic & Industrial use, which is about 13 % of the total extraction.
 Factor for improvement in ground water situation: Good continuous rainfall and
management practices like ground water augmentation and conservation measures through
government and private initiatives have resulted in improvement in ground water situation.
 State wise Groundwater Extraction:
o The overall stage of groundwater extraction in the country is 60.08%.
o The stage of ground water extraction is very high in the states of Haryana, Punjab,
Rajasthan, Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu where it is more than 100%.
o In the states of Delhi, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh, Karnataka and UTs of Chandigarh,
Lakshadweep and Puducherry, the stage of ground water extraction is between 60-
100%.
o In the rest of the states, the stage of ground water extraction is below 60%.
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1.3 The State of Food and Agriculture 2022 Report
Released by- Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
About the report-
 This is the flagship report which is produced each year.
 The report looked at how automation in our agrifood systems can contribute to
achieving Sustainable Development Goals and offers recommendations to policy makers on
how to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks.
 The report looked at 27 case studies from all over the world, representing different
technologies.
 Only ten of the twenty-seven service providers are profitable and financially sustainable.
o All of these profitable service providers are based in high-income and used solutions
that are in the mature phase, serving only large-scale producers.
 There is an unequal progress toward mechanization among regions, according to available
statistics on the number of tractors per 1,000 hectares of arable land.
 High-income countries in North America, Europe and Oceania were highly mechanised by the
1960s. But regions dominated by low-and middle-income countries were less mechanised.
 Crucially, there are wide disparities in the spread of automation between and within
countries, with adoption being particularly limited in sub-Saharan Africa.
o For instance, Japan had more than 400 tractors per 1,000 hectares of arable
land, compared with just 0.4 in Ghana in 2005.
 Agriculture reliant on human and animal power continues to dominate in sub-Saharan Africa,
limiting productivity.
 It identified various challenges that are preventing inclusive adoption of these technologies,
especially by small-scale producers. It recognized two major barriers for their adoption – low
digital literacy and lack of supportive infrastructure like connectivity and access to electricity.
Recommendations:
 An agricultural automation policy should ensure that agrifood systems are sustainable and
resilient.
 Policymakers should avoid subsidising automation in such labour-abundant contexts.
 Agricultural automation can lead to unemployment in places where rural labour is abundant,
and wages are low.
 Policymakers should focus on creating an enabling environment for adopting automation.
 Social protection should be provided to the least skilled workers, who are more likely to lose
their jobs during the transition.
 Setting up sustainable rental mechanisms to address the agricultural productivity issue.
1.4 The Adaptation Gap Report 2022: Too Little, Too Slow – Climate adaptation
failure puts world at risk
Released by- United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
About the report-
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 The Adaptation Gap Report (AGR) has been published each year since 2014 by the UNEP to
provide science-based assessment of the global progress on adaptation planning, financing
and implementation.
 It recommends measures that can further the national and global adaptation efforts and
provides in-depth assessment of various topics of interest.
 The report’s primary objective is to inform about the status and trends within climate
adaptation at global and regional levels.
 ‘Adaptation’ is one of the three major planks of climate action, the other two being
‘mitigation’ (efforts, such as renewable energy and electric mobility, aimed at reducing further
global warming) and ‘loss and damage’ (efforts aimed at developing systems that would help
countries hit by a climate event to get back on its feet.)
 The current global efforts in adaptation planning, financing and implementation are
insufficient to address the growing climate-related risks.
 The 2022 report found that at least 84% of parties to the UNFCCC (UN Framework Convention
on Climate Change) have adaptation plans, strategies, policies and laws in place.
o This is a 5% increase when compared with the previous year.
 More than 8 out of 10 countries have at least one national adaptation planning instrument
that is improving and becoming more inclusive.
 A third of the 197 parties of the UNFCCC have a quantified and time-bound targets focusing
on climate adaptation.
 Almost 90 per cent of planning instruments take into consideration gender and other
vulnerable groups like indigenous communities.
 However, there lacks financial backing required to turn these plans into action.
 International funding for the developing countries’ adaptation requirements is 5 to 10 times
below the estimated needs and this gap continues to widen.
o Finance for adaptation increased by 4% in 2020, reaching USD 29 billion.
 The cost of the adaptation needs is expected to increase to 160-340 billion USD by 2030 and
315-565 billion USD by 2050.
 Currently, governments’ adaptation actions are concentrated in agriculture, water,
ecosystems and cross-cutting sectors. However, in the absence of financial support,
adaptation actions could be outstripped by accelerating climate risks.
Recommendations
 A Nature-based Approach: The report highlighted that the best way was to link actions on
mitigation and adaptation in terms of planning, financing and implementation, which would
provide co-benefits.
o One example of this could be nature-based solutions.
 Climate Adaptation: Countries need to back the strong words in the Glasgow Climate Pact
with strong action to increase adaptation investments and outcomes, starting at COP27.
 Four critical steps must be taken to close the adaptation gap:
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o Increase Adaptation Financing: Developed countries must provide a clear roadmap for
their promise to double adaptation finance to USD 40 billion, as agreed at COP 26 in
Glasgow.
o A New Business Model: Because there is a mismatch between what governments
propose and what financiers consider investable, the world urgently requires a new
business model for converting adaptation priorities into investable projects.
o Data Implementation is required: The availability of climate risk data and information,
which is a problem for many developing countries' adaptations planning.
o Modified Warning Systems: The development and implementation of early warning
systems for extreme weather events and slow-onset changes like sea level rise.
1.5 Climate and Development: An Agenda for Action

Released by- World Bank Group (WBG)
About the report-
 The report compiles and harmonizes results from the Bank Group’s Country Climate and
Development Reports, covering over 20 countries that account for 34% of the world’s
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.
 It combines the best available data, models, and tools and aim to provide policymakers with
immediate and actionable recommendations to guide climate and development decisions
today.
 Investing an average of 1.4% of GDP annually could reduce emissions in developing countries
by as much as 70% by 2050 and boost resilience.
 The investment needs are markedly higher in lower-income countries which are more
vulnerable to climate risk, often exceeding 5% of GDP.
o These countries will need increased amounts of concessional finance and grants to
manage climate change impacts and develop along a low-carbon path.
 The report draws from the richness of the individual country reports and highlights lessons for
countries on integrating climate and development objectives.
o This approach to climate action can help them manage the negative impacts of climate
change, while generating positive impacts on GDP and economic growth, and delivering
critical development outcomes such as reducing poverty.
o The key conditions for success include impactful reforms, improved allocation of public
resources, higher mobilization of private capital, and significant financial support from
the international community.
 The report also notes that while all countries must increase their climate action, high income
countries with their greater responsibility for emissions need to lead the way with deeper
and more rapid decarbonization, as well as increased financial support to lower income
countries.
 Major current and future emitters in the developing world also have a key role to play for the
world to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement.
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 The report also examines the technologies and innovations needed for lower carbon intensity
production of electricity, steel, cement, and manufacturing, and how the world will build green
and efficient supply chains for a sustainable future.
 Countries need to prioritize and sequence key investments and policy reforms.
o These will deliver multiple benefits.
o And emission reductions can deliver immediate development outcomes such as
reduced vulnerability to fossil fuel price volatility, improved trade balances and
enhanced energy security, and better air quality and related positive health impacts.
o Early action can also avoid locking countries into high emitting infrastructure and
systems, which will be costly or even impossible to transform in the future.
1.6 Global Status Report on Physical Activity 2022

Released by- World Health Organization (WHO)
About the report-
 This is WHO’s first dedicated global assessment of global progress on country implementation
of policy recommendations of the Global Action Plan on Physical Activity (GAPPA) 2018-2030.
o Global Action Plan on Physical Activity, sought to reduce the global prevalence of
physical inactivity in adolescents and adults by 15 per cent by 2030.
o It provided 20 policy recommendations to reduce inactivity, like creating safer roads to
encourage more active transport and providing more programmes and opportunities
for physical activity in key settings.
 The report uses a set of 29 indicators and global data to examine the progress of different
countries in the implementation of policies and actions recommended by GAPPA in order to
increase physical activity.
 It also presents an estimate of the cost to health systems of not taking action to improve
physical activity levels and reinforces the urgency to position physical activity as a shared,
whole-of-government priority, and to strengthen coordination and partnerships to promote
physical activity.
 Over 80 percent of adolescents, and 27 percent of adults do not meet the recommended
levels of physical activity.
 The report found that populations in most countries are not meeting the recommended levels
of physical activity, and that the world is set to see a 15 percent relative reduction in physical
inactivity by 2030.
 National policies have made little progress in increasing levels of physical activity.
 Slow progress poses a burden on health systems and on the society as a whole.
 Uneven implementation has resulted in inequities in access to opportunities for physical
activity.
 According to the report, physical inactivity costs health systems US$ 27 billion a year and by
2030, US$ 300 billion globally.
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o Between 2020 and 2030, around 500 million people will develop heart disease,
obesity, diabetes or other non-communicable diseases (NCDs) due to physical
inactivity.
o Of the 500 million new cases projected, nearly half will be attributed to hypertension
and 43 per cent to depression.
o Around 75 per cent of the cases will occur in low- and middle-income countries.
 To reduce physical inactivity and meet global targets, the WHO urges nations to create
inclusive and active environments that encourage people to engage in physical activities.
 The WHO has also asked nations to strengthen road safety, improve access to open public
spaces, and improve walking and cycling networks.
 Just over 40 per cent of countries have road design standards that make walking and cycling
safer.
 Out of 194 countries, less than 50 per cent have a national physical activity policy. Out of these,
less than 40 per cent are operational.
 Only 30 per cent of countries have national physical activity guidelines for all age groups,
according to the findings of the report.
 The report suggested five ways the policy gap can be addressed:
o Strengthen whole-of-government ownership and political leadership
o Integrate physical activity into relevant policies and support policy implementation
with practical tools and guidance
o Strengthen partnerships, engage communities and build capacity in people
o Reinforce data systems, monitoring, and knowledge translation
o Secure sustainable funding and align with national policy commitments
1.7 World Global TB Report 2022

About the report-
 The Global TB report is released every year to provide a comprehensive assessment of the
tuberculosis epidemic and the progress of countries in preventing, diagnosing and treating the
disease at the global, regional and national levels.
 The report is mainly based on the data gathered by the World Health Organization from
national health ministries.
 The number of new cases diagnosed in 2021 increased to 6.4 million from 5.8 million in 2020.
This was well below pre-pandemic levels.
 Over 10.6 million people fell ill because of tuberculosis in 2021. This is a 4.5 per cent increase
when compared with 2020 figures.
 Ten countries collectively accounted for 75% of the global gap between estimated TB
incidence and the reported number diagnosed with the disease.
o India (24%), Indonesia (13%), the Philippines (10%), Pakistan (6.6%) and Nigeria (6.3%)
were the top five contributors.
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o This was due to a combination of underreporting of people diagnosed with TB and
under-diagnosis.
 Reductions in number of people diagnosed with TB in 2020 and 2021 suggest that the
undiagnosed and untreated TB number has grown, resulting in an increased number of TB
deaths and more community transmission of infection.
 The burden of drug-resistant TB (DR-TB) increased by 3% globally between 2020 and 2021.
o Rifampicin-resistant TB (RR-TB) witnessed 450,000 new cases being reported in 2021.
o This is the first time in several years that the number of people developing both TB and
DR-TB saw an upward trend. This was attributed to the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic.
 The estimated number of deaths from TB increased between 2019 and 2021 to 1.6 million. In
2021, there were an estimated 1.4 million deaths among HIV-negative people and 187 000
deaths among HIV-positive people.
 There is a strong relationship between TB incidence rates per capita and indicators of
development such as average income and undernourishment.
o Economic and financial barriers have effects on access to health care for TB diagnosis
and completion of TB treatment.
 There is a decline in global spending on essential TB services from US$6 billion in 2019 to
US$5.4 billion in 2021.
o In many low-and middle-income countries, international donor funding remains
critical. The main source of funding remains the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis
and Malaria.
 TB preventive treatment for people living with HIV has far surpassed the global target.
o India, Nigeria, Uganda, the United Republic of Tanzania, South Africa, Zambia and
Zimbabwe collectively accounted for 82% of those started on preventive treatment in
2021.
 The TB preventing treatment for HIV positive people has far surpassed the global target of 6
million between 2018 and 2022, reaching more than 10 million in just 4 years.
India specific findings:
 India (28%) was among the eight countries accounting for more than two-third (or 68.3%) of
the total TB patients’ count.
 India accounted for 36% of the global TB related deaths among HIV negative people.
 India’s TB incidence for the year 2021 is 210 per 100,000 population. Compared to the
baseline year of 2015 (256 per 100,000 population), there has been an 18% decline which is 7
percentage points better than the global average of 11%.
o These figures also place India at the 36th position in terms of incidence rates (from
largest to smallest incidence numbers).
 Irrespective of the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, the National TB Elimination
Programme notified over 21.4 lakh TB cases which is 18% higher than 2020.
 In 2021, over 22 crore people were screened for TB across the country for early detection and
treatment of TB.
 Indian Efforts to reduce TB cases:
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o The government aims to have a TB-free India by 2025, five years ahead of the global
target of 2030.
o National Tuberculosis Elimination Programme: National Strategic Plan to end TB by
2025 under pillars of Detect-Treat-Prevent-Build (DTPB).
o Universal Immunisation Programme.
o Revised National TB Control Programme under the National Health Mission.
o NIKSHAY portal and TB Sample Transport Network.
o Development of National Framework for Gender-Responsive approach to TB.
Recommendations
 Countries have been urged to put in place urgent measures to restore access to essential TB
services.
 Countries need to adopt new diagnostics, drugs and vaccines to address the increase in TB
epidemics.
1.8 2022 NDC Synthesis Report

Released by- United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC)
About the report-
 The report is an annual summary of countries’ Nationally Determined Contributions and
their impact on greenhouse gas emissions.
 The 2022 edition analyses 166 NDCs (climate commitments) communicated to the UNFCCC
as of 23rd September 2022.
 This is the second synthesis of countries’ nationally determined contributions (NDCs).
 The report found that while countries are minimising their GHG emissions, their combined
climate pledges could put the world on track for around 2.5°C of warming by the end of the
21st century from a possible range of 2.1°C to 2.9°C.
 The world can emit only about 500 gigatonnes of carbon dioxide (GtCO2) starting January 1,
2020, for a 50 per cent chance of limiting warming to 1.5°C.
 The current NDCs will increase GHG emissions by 10.6 per cent by the end of this decade
compared to 2010 levels.
o This is a marginal improvement when compared with last year’s assessment, which
estimated that the emissions will increase by 13.7 per cent by 2030.
o However, this is insufficient to limit the rise in global average temperature to 1.5°C
above pre-industrial levels by the end of this century.
o Full implementation of all latest NDCs (including all conditional elements) is estimated
to lead to a 3.6 (0.7-6.6) per cent emission reduction by 2030 relative to the 2019 level.
 2021 analysis showed that the projected GHG emissions will continue to spike beyond 2030.
This year’s report revealed that the emissions will no longer spike after 2030.
o However, this does not demonstrate downward trend required to maintain 1.5°C.
 The previous synthesis estimated emissions of 54.9 gigatonnes of CO2 in 2030. If the latest
NDCs are implemented, 52.4 GtCO2e of GHGs will be emitted by 2030.
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 The global emissions must be only 31 GtCO2e in 2030 to reach the goals set by the Paris
Agreement of limiting global temperature rise to 1.5 degrees celcius above pre-industrial
levels.
 The world is currently on track to surpass this by more than 20 GtCO2e by the end of this
decade despite commitments made countries across the world.
 Cumulative CO2 emissions in 2020-2030, based on the latest NDCs, would likely use up 86 per
cent of the remaining carbon budget.
 Marginal progress has been made over the past year, the report noted. The emission levels
resulting from a hypothetical implementation of the latest NDCs are about 5 per cent lower in
2030, compared to the report’s previous edition.
 India now stands committed to reducing emissions intensity of its GDP by 45 per cent by 2030
from its 2005 levels, according to the updated NDC.
o The country will also target about 50 per cent of cumulative electric power installed
capacity from non-fossil fuel-based energy resources by 2030.
 Most of the parties (74%) that submitted new or updated NDCs have strengthened their
commitment to reducing or limiting GHG emissions by 2025 and/or 2030, demonstrating
increased ambition in addressing climate changes.
1.9 Emissions Gap Report 2022

Released by- United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
About the report-
 The 13th edition of the report is titled: ‘The Closing Window — Climate Crisis Calls For Rapid
Transformation of Societies’.
 The report aims to provide an overview of the difference between where greenhouse
emissions are predicted to be in 2030 and where they should be to avert the worst impacts of
climate change.
 Failure to achieve goals: The report says that the world is falling short of the goals set in the
Paris Climate Agreement, and that no measure is currently in place to restrict global warming
to under 5 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial levels.
o To limit global warming to 1.5°C, global annual GHG emissions must be reduced by 45
per cent compared with emissions projections under existing policies.
o The current policies will lead to a 2.8°C temperature rise by 2100. Implementation of
current climate pledges will only reduce this to a 2.4 to 2.6°C temperature rise by the
end of this century.
 Increase in emissions: Emissions in India and six other top emitters have rebounded and
increased after the pandemic.
o China, the EU27, India, Indonesia, Brazil, the Russian Federation and the United States
of America plus international transport were responsible for 55 per cent of global GHG
(greenhouse gas) emissions in 2020.
 Per capita emissions: The global average per capita GHG emissions was 6.3 tonnes of CO2
equivalent (tCO2e) in 2020.
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o The US (14 tCO2e), Russia (13 tCO2e), China (9.7 tCO2e), Brazil and Indonesia (7.5
tCO2e) and the European Union (7.2 tCO2e) have largest per capita carbon emissions.
o India remains far below the world average at 2.4 tCO2e.
o Collectively, G20 members are responsible for 75 percent of global GHG emissions.
 Status of countries: The G20 countries have just started to work on meeting their new targets
and are expected to fall short of their promises for 2030.
o The existing policies suggest a 2.8°C hike. To meet the Paris Agreement goal, the world
needs to reduce greenhouse gases by unprecedented levels in the next eight years.
 Barriers in achieving climate goals: A major barrier is the lack of finance which needs a 10-fold
increase immediately.
o There is a need for alternative technologies in heavy industry. This will reverse the rise
in carbon intensity of global steel production.
o For India to achieve its own climate goals, it will have to double down on non-fossil
power, including renewable energy.
 It estimates that the global transformation to a low-carbon economy would require 4 to 6
trillion USD in investment each year.
Recommendations
 The latest report recommended remedial actions in 6 areas – electricity supply, industry,
transport and building sectors, and food and financial systems.
 The world needs to reduce greenhouse gasses by unprecedented levels over the next eight
years.
 There is a need for alternative technologies in heavy industry, to reverse the rise in the carbon
intensity of global steel production.
 Urgent transformation is needed to deliver the enormous cuts needed to limit GHG emissions
by 2030.
1.10 World Energy Outlook 2022

Released by- International Energy Agency (IEA)
About the report-
 The report is the world’s most comprehensive and authoritative assessment and projection of
global energy sector.
 It provides comprehensive insights into the global energy supply and demand in different
scenarios and their impact on energy security, climate targets and economic development.
 Russia’s invasion has exacerbated the energy crisis that was already triggered by supply
disruption caused by the pandemic.
 Russia has been the world’s top exporter of fossil fuels. However, its supply curtailments to
Europe and European sanctions on imports of oil and coals from Russia have increased energy
prices significantly.
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 While all fuels are effected by the Ukrainian crisis, gas markets are the main victims since
Russia is looking to take advantage of its market position by exposing consumers to high
energy bills and supply shortages.
 Natural gas prices have reached unprecedented levels and they are consistently exceeding
the equivalent of USD 250 per barrel of oil.
 Coal prices have also reached unprecedented levels and price of oil was higher than USD 100
per barrel in mid-2022 before decreasing again.
 The crisis has stoked inflationary pressures and created a looming risk of recession, as well as
a huge USD 2 trillion windfall for fossil fuel producers above their 2021 net income.
 Higher energy prices are also increasing food insecurity in many developing economies, with
the heaviest burden falling on poorer households where a larger share of income is spent on
energy and food.
 Around 75 million people who have recently gained access to electricity will be unable to
pay their energy bills.
o This means that, for the first time since the IEA started tracking energy access, the total
number of people lacking electricity access is increasing.
 Over 100 million people are likely to increase their dependence on firewood for cooking
instead of adopting cleaner and safer solutions.
o Though some have blamed climate policies and net zero commitments to the increase
in energy prices, there is no evidence to support this.
 In most affected regions, higher shares of renewable energy sources reduced the energy prices
significantly. It also eased access to electrified homes for many.
 High gas and coal prices account for 90% of the upward pressure on electricity costs around
the world.
 Global energy-related CO2 emissions in the STEPS in 2025, is at 37 billion tonnes (Gt) per
year, and they fall back to 32 Gt by 2050.
 Outlook for Energy Demand:
o While coal demand may peak soon, oil demand may peak in the mid-2030s before
dropping marginally.
o Oil currently comprises 80 per cent of the global energy mix, but it may drop to 75 per
cent by 2030 and around 60 per cent by 2050, based on the analysis of current policies.
o The demand for fossil fuels is expected to decline by 2030
o Natural gas demand is expected to be 750 billion cubic metres lower than it is today by
2050, driven by a switch from natural gas to renewables, according to a global Stated
Policies Scenario that projects the trajectory of current policies.
o Global natural gas demand may increase by 5 per cent by 2030 and plateau without
much change by 2050 because developing countries in South and Southeast Asia are
no longer enthusiastic about gas as a transition fuel.
India specific findings
 The primary challenge for the country is going to be about meeting its rising electricity
demand.
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 India will have to find out ways to meet this increasing demand with renewables and nuclear
on a scale that is large enough to reduce the use of “unabated coal‐fired generation”, which
provides nearly three‐quarters of electricity supply currently.
 India became the world’s second‐largest coal producer in 2021 (in energy terms), overtaking
Australia and Indonesia.
o India plans to increase domestic production by more than 100 million tonnes of coal
equivalent (Mtce) by 2025 from the current levels.
o At present, India accounts for just over 10 percent of global coal consumption, after
China which accounts for 55 percent.
o Coal demand in India rose rapidly between 2010 and 2019, mainly as increases in
electricity demand were largely met through coal‐fired power.
o Coal use in India dropped by 7 percent in 2020 due to the pandemic, but increased by
13 percent in 2021, therefore already surpassing the 2019 levels.
 India becomes the world’s most populous country by 2025 and, combined with the twin forces
of urbanisation and industrialisation, this underpins rapid growth in energy demand, which
rises by more than 3 percent per year in the stated policies scenario (STEPS) from 2021 to
2030.
 Renewables: Government programmes such as the Gati Shakti National Master Plan and the
Atmanirbhar Bharat Abhiyaan could promote a “robust growth” in renewables and electric
mobility, notably for two/three‐wheelers.
o And by 2030, renewables will meet more than 60% of the growth in demand for power,
and account for 35% of the electricity mix, with solar PV alone accounting for more than
15%.
 Net Zero by 2070: As per the APS, more rapid progress in deploying low‐emissions alternatives
in power, industry and transport sectors in particular means that India could be within reach
of its goal to achieve net zero emissions by 2070.
1.11 Performance Grading Index (PGI) 2020-21

Released by- Department of School Education and Literacy (DoSEL)
About the report-
 It was first published in 2019 for 2017-18 year and this is the 4th edition.
 The PGI is a tool to provide insights on the status of school education in States and Union
Territories (UTs) including key levers that drive their performance and critical areas for
improvement
 It is structured in two categories, namely, Outcomes and Governance & Management.
o It is comprised of 70 indicators with a total weightage of 1000.
o Domains under categories include: Access (80 points), Infrastructure & Facilities (150
points), Equity (230 points) and Learning Outcomes & Quality (180 points).
o Governance Process under Governance & Management comprise of 360 points.
o The source of indicators include Shagun portal, NAS, UDISE/UDISE+ and MDM portal.
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 PGI 2020-21 classified the States/UTs into ten grades viz., highest achievable Grade is Level
1, which is for State/UT scoring more than 950 points out of total of 1000 points. The lowest
grade is Level 10 which is for score below 551.
 The Indian education system is one of the largest in the world with about 14.9 lakh schools, 95
lakh teachers, and nearly 26.5 crore students from varied socio-economic backgrounds.
 State-wise performance:
o A total of 7 States and UTs, Viz., Kerala, Punjab, Chandigarh, Maharashtra, Gujarat,
Rajasthan, and Andhra Pradesh have attained Level II (score 901-950) in 2020-21 as
compared to none in 2017-18 and 4 in 2019-20.
o Punjab shared top honours with Kerala and Maharashtra as all three states
have scored 928 out of a total of 1,000 points.
o Gujarat, Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh are the new entrants to highest achieved level
of any State so far.
o None of the states has so far attained the highest level (L-1).
o The newly formed UT viz., Ladakh has made significant improvement in PGI from Level
8 to Level 4 in 2020-21, resulting into highest ever improvement in a single year.
 Inter-State Disparity:
o The deviation between the maximum and minimum scores obtained by States is 259 or
39 %, of the minimum points.
o This disparity was 51 % in 2017-18 indicating that, PGI also helped to bridge the
performance gap among States/UTs over the years.
o The reduction in Inter-State differential is due to the efforts of the governments and
also due to close monitoring of schemes through evidence based PGI which might have
helped both the performing and aspiring States and UTs to improve their performance.
 Domain-wise Performance:
o Learning outcomes: In this domain, there is no change in scores in most of the
parameters as these are based on the NAS 2017 and for the last four years same data
is being repeated due to availability of NAS data once in 4 years.
 Rajasthan (168/180) score topped the domain.
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o Access: Eighteen states and UTs have shown improvement in the access domain in
2020-21 as compared to 2019-20.
 Delhi (79/80) score topped the domain.
o Infrastructure & Facilities: 24 States/UTs have shown improvement by 10% or more in
this domain as compared to 2019-20.
 Punjab (150/150) score topped the domain.
o Equity: The newly formed UT viz., Ladakh has shown an improvement of more than 5%
in this domain as compared to 2019-20.
 Dadra Nagar Haveli & Daman Diu (226/230) score topped the domain
o Governance process: The top score in the Domain relating to Governance & Processes
(348, Punjab) has crossed 90% of the maximum points (360) whereas three States/UTs,
Viz., Ladakh (76), Chhattisgarh (169) and Nagaland (174) have scored less than 50% of
the maximum possible score in this domain.
1.12 Unified District Information System for Education Plus (UDISE+) 2021-22
Released by- Ministry of Education
About the report-
 It is one of the largest Management Information Systems on school education, covering more
than 1.5 million schools, 8.5 million teachers and 250 million children.
 It is an updated and improved version of UDISE, which was started in 2012-13.
 UDISE+ was launched in 2018-2019, to speed up data entry, reduce errors, improve data
quality and ease its verification.
 It helps measure the education parameters from classes 1 to 12 in government and private
schools across India.
 In UDISE+ 2021-22, additional data on important indicators viz., digital library, peer learning,
hard spot identification, number of books available in school library, etc have been collected
for the first time to align with the NEP 2020 initiatives.

 Total students:
o In 2021-22, total students in school education from primary to higher secondary has
crossed 25.57 crore.
o This is higher by 19.36 lakh as compared to 2020-21 levels at 25.38 crore.
o Total number of Scheduled caste enrolment increased to 4.82 Crore in 2021-22 as
compared to 4.78 Crore in 2020-21.
o Similarly, total Scheduled Tribe enrolment increased to 2.51 crore in 2021-22 from 2.49
crore in 2020-21.
o Total other backward students also increased to 11.48 crore in 2021-22 from 11.35
crore in 2020-21.
 Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER): measures the general level of participation.
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o GER, has improved at all levels of school education in 2020-21 as compared to 2020-
21 except at secondary level.
 At Primary Level increased to 103.39% from 103.3%.
 At Upper Primary Level increased to 94.67% from 92.2%.
 At Elementary Level increased to 100.13% from 99.1%.
 At Secondary Level decreased to 79.56% from 79.8%.
 At Higher Secondary Level increased to 57.56% from 53.8%.
 Total enrolment of Children with Special Needs (CWSN) in 2021-22 stands at 22.67 lakh as
compared to 21.91 lakh in 2020-21 showing an improvement of 3.45% over 2020-21.
 Pupil Teacher Ratio (PTR):
o PTR, has improved at all levels of school education in 2021-22 as compared to 2018-
19.
 PTR for Primary is 26.
 PTR for Upper Primary is 19.
 PTR for Secondary is 18.
 PTR for Higher Secondary is 27.
 Teacher strength:
o 95.07 lakh teachers are engaged in school education during 2021-22 out of which
more than 51% are female teachers
o The total number of teachers have declined by 1.95 per cent in 2021-22, when
compared with the 2020-21 figures. In 2021-22, the percentage of teachers teaching
only primary (34.4%) and only upper primary (18.9%) has declined.
o When compared with the previous year, number of teachers during 2021-22 has
declined by 0.9% in government schools, 1.45% in government aided schools, 2.94% in
private schools and 8.3% in other schools.
 Enrolment of girls:
o In 2021-22 over 12.29 crore girls are enrolled in primary to higher secondary showing
an increase of 8.19 lakh compare to the enrolment of girls in 2020-21.
 Total number of schools in 2021-22 stood at 14.89 lakhs as compared to 15.09 lakhs in 2020-
21.
o The decline in total schools is mainly due to closure of private and other management
schools and grouping/ clustering of schools by various States.
 School Infrastructure: the availability of basic infrastructure facilities in schools as on 2021-22
are as follows:
o Electricity connection: 89.3%
o Drinking water: 98.2%
o Girls toilet: 97.5%
o CWSN toilet: 27%
o Handwash facility: 93.6%
o Playground: 77%
o Ramp with Handrail for CWSN: 49.7%
o Library/ Reading room/ Reading corner: 87.3%
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o Sustainable Environment Initiatives for School
 Kitchen Garden: 27.7%
 Rain Water Harvesting: 21%

 Computer facilities were available in 44.75% of schools, while Internet access was available
only in 33.9% of schools. However, their availability has improved as compared to pre-Covid
when only 38.5% of schools had computers and 22.3% had Internet facilities.
 Uttar Pradesh has witnessed the highest enrollment of students in government schools and
recruitment of teachers.
Second Section
1.13 Why this is India’s Decade

Released by- Morgan Stanley
 India is on track to become the world’s third largest economy by 2027, surpassing Japan and
Germany, and have the third largest stock market by 2030, thanks to global trends and key
investments the country has made in technology and energy.
 India is already the fastest-growing economy in the world, having clocked 5.5% average gross
domestic product growth over the past decade.
 India’s GDP could more than double from $3.5 trillion today to surpass $7.5 trillion by 2031.
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 Its share of global exports could also double over that period, while the Bombay Stock
Exchange could deliver 11% annual growth, reaching a market capitalization of $10 trillion in
the coming decade.
 India will be one of only three economies in the world that can generate more than $400 billion
annual economic output growth from 2023 onward, and this will rise to more than $500 billion
after 2028.”
 In the coming decade, the number of people employed in India for jobs outside the country is
likely to at least double, reaching more than 11 million, as global spending on outsourcing
swells from $180 billion per year to around $500 billion by 2030.
 India's Share of Manufacturing is expected to increase to 21% of GDP by 2031, and, in the
process, double India’s export market share.
 The ratio of credit to GDP could increase from 57% to 100% over the next decade.
 India's overall consumption could more than double as income distribution in the country
shifts.
o India’s income distribution could flip over the next decade, and consequently overall
consumption in the country could more than double from $2 trillion in 2022 to $4.9
trillion by the end of the decade—with the greatest gains going to non-grocery retail,
including apparel and accessories, leisure and recreation, and household goods and
services, among other categories.
 All of India’s 600,000-plus villages have access to electricity, due to recent upgrades to
transmission and distribution, among other changes. This could boost India’s daily energy
consumption by 60% over the next decade.
 Four key factors — demographics, digitalization, decarbonization and deglobalization — are
likely to facilitate India's rapid rise
 The number of households making more than $35,000 a year is set to rise fivefold in the
coming decade. This is likely to lead to a discretionary consumption boom, besides an 11 per
cent annual compounding of market capitalization to $10 trillion during the decade.
 India's per-capita income is set to rise from the current $2,278 to $5,242 in 2031.
 India's global export market share is expected to more than double at 4.5 per cent by 2031,
providing an incremental USD 1.2 trillion export opportunity.
 India's services exports will almost treble to USD 527 billion (from USD 178 billion in 2021) over
the next decade.
 E-commerce penetration to nearly double from 6.5 per cent to 12.3 per cent by 2031.
 Internet users in India to increase from 650 million to 960 million while online shoppers will
grow from 250 million to 700 million over the next 10 years.
 Around 25 per cent of incremental global car sales over 2021-2030 will be from India and
expect 30 per cent of 2030 passenger vehicle sales to be electric-run.
 India should hit a "major inflection point" for the next residential property boom in 2030 - a
confluence of high per-capita income, a mid-30s median age, and higher urbanization.
 India's workforce in the technology services sector to more than double from 5.1 million in
2021 to 12.2 million in 2031.
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 Healthcare penetration in India can rise from 30-40 per cent now to 60-70 per cent; implying
400 million new entrants to the formal healthcare system.
 Over USD 700 billion in energy investments are expected over the next decade as India
accelerates its energy transition.
1.14 Reinvigorating India’s Economic Engagements with Southern Africa

Released by- EXIM Bank
About the report-
 The report analyses the recent economic engagements between Indian government and
countries from Southern Africa.
 India has emerged as the top defence exporter to Africa. It may fulfil the continent’s
maritime; aerospace and defence need in the future.
 Mauritius, Mozambique and Seychelles are the top importers of Made-in-India arms between
2017 and 2021.
o Within Africa, Mauritius accounted for 6.6 per cent of defence exports from India in
2017-2021.
o Mozambique accounted for 5 per cent and Seychelles accounted for 2.3 per cent of
defence exports.
 It also highlighted the important role played by India and 9 Indian Ocean littoral countries
(IOLC) in Africa in enhancing maritime security in the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).
o The 9 IOLC are Comoros, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychelles,
Somalia, South Africa, and Tanzania.
 Currently, Indian military vehicle manufacturers like Tata Motors and Ashok Leyland are
already playing a major role in the defence export to Africa.
 The report also recognized cyber security as another potential area for increasing ties with
African countries.
 With the increase in mobile smart device ownership and the popularity of social media, Africa
is a major market for the adoption of new technologies.
 India currently has an advanced cyber security infrastructure, a dedicated National Cyber
Security and a nodal agency CERT-In (Computer Emergency Response Team).
 This expertise and experience can be shared to the African countries to address cyber threats
arising from increasing penetration of smart technologies.
 India was the 23rd largest defence exporter during the period 2017 to 2021.
1.15 Powering India’s Energy Vision 2030

Released by- Arthur D Little (ADL)
About the report-
 The report analyses what future holds for India’s renewable energy scenario and provides key
insights.
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 India will need additional investment of around $300 billion to complete the 500-gigawatt
renewable energy capacity target by 2030.
 With 165 gigawatts (GW) generation capacity already in place, the country is on the right
trajectory to meet its goal of having 50% of energy needs through the renewable portfolio.
 According to the study, in order to accelerate India’s power sector growth, private players and
governments must synchronise with each other in implementing a holistic transformation.
 Increased adoption of green energy—particularly green hydrogen with efficient storage
solutions, leveraging technologies such as carbon capture, smart meters, smart grids with
robust data management systems, and enabling efficient price discovery via power exchanges
will shape the future of India’s power sector.
 It proposes a multifaceted approach involving financial support from the government, policy
reforms, judicial reforms and technology integration at the Central, State, and Local levels
while targeting the entire value chain.
 The impetus to indigenous PV cell production, transition to smart grid and increased private
participation in distribution are key to unravelling India’s true potential in the power sector.
 India’s electricity consumption is expected to grow at an annual rate of 5.4% over the next
decade, with annual demand touching 2300 BUs by 2030.
o However, at the current pace, generation will just reach only 2024 BUs by 2030,
highlighting the need for reforms in capacity addition.
 India should focus on developing solar and wind generation capacities. As the big
conglomerates foray into green hydrogen and other renewable energy generation, associated
industries such as transmission and distribution also need significant transformation.
 While government initiatives such as rooftop solar program, national hydrogen mission and
PM KUSUM have laid a strong foundation for transitioning towards renewables, India is still a
long way from realizing the targeted benefits of these schemes.
 The involvement of consumers with planned awareness campaigns along with leveraging
global alliances to boost FDI and technology collaboration could be key focus areas.
 India is all set to be a big player in green energy generation and aspires to not only attain its
energy security but to also start supplying power to neighbouring nations.
1.16 World Heritage Glaciers – Sentinels of Climate Change

Released by- United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
About the report-
 The report analyses importance of glaciers as indicator for understanding climate change.
 This report closely observes and quantifies glaciers importance to develop effective adaptation
responses.
 Glaciers are crucial sources of life on Earth as they provide vital water resources to half of
humanity for domestic use, agriculture and hydropower.
o They are also sacred places for many local communities and attract millions of tourists
globally.
 Around 18,600 glaciers have been identified in 50 World Heritage sites.
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 These glaciers span an area of about 66,000 km², representing almost 10% of the Earth’s
glacierized area.
 These glaciers have been retreating at an accelerating rate since 2000.
 World Heritage glaciers lose on average some 58 billion tonnes of ice every year —equivalent
to the total annual volume of water consumed in France and Spain together—and contribute
to almost 5% of global observed sea-level rise.
 Projections indicate that glaciers in one-third of World Heritage glacierized sites will
disappear by 2050 regardless of the applied climate scenario and glaciers in around half of all
sites could almost entirely disappear by 2100 in a business-as-usual emissions scenario.
 If greenhouse gas emissions are drastically cut to limit global warming to 1.5°C relative to pre-
industrial levels, glaciers in two-thirds of World Heritage sites could be saved.
 At site level, adaptative measures need to be strengthened to respond to inevitable glacier
changes in the near future.
o These include identifying knowledge gaps and improving monitoring networks,
designing and implementing early warning and disaster risk reduction measures,
making glaciers a focus of targeted policy, and promoting knowledge exchange,
stakeholder engagement and communication.
o The successful implementation of these measures requires the mobilization of key
stakeholders (e.g., governments, civil society, Indigenous Peoples, local communities
and the private sector) to develop sustainable financing and investments, notably
through the establishment of an international fund for glacier research and monitoring.
1.17 Carbon Billionaires: The investment emissions of the world’s richest people
Released by- Oxfam International
About the report-
 The report is an analysis of the investments of 125 of the world’s richest billionaires.
 The types of Carbon Emission analysed in the report are:
o Scope 1 emissions: These are a direct result of the company’s operations.
o Scope 2 emissions: They constitute indirect emissions, for example, energy to operate
machines.
o Scope 3 emissions are other indirect emissions such as those resulting from a
company’s supply chains.
 The investments of 125 of the world’s richest billionaires yield an annual average of three
million tonnes of carbon dioxide emissions a year, more than a million times the average,
2.76 tonnes of CO2e for someone in the bottom 90 per cent of humanity.
 These super rich people have a collective USD 2.4 trillion stake in 183 companies.
o Billionaires had an average of 14 per cent of their investments in polluting industries
such as non-renewable energy and materials like cement.
 Cumulatively, these 125 billionaires fund 393 million tonnes of CO2e (carbon dioxide
equivalent) per year, which is equal to the annual carbon emissions of France, a nation of 67
million people.
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 In 2018, emissions from the private yachts, planes, helicopters and mansions of 20 billionaires
generated, on average, about 8,194 tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO₂e).
 A single space flight can emit as much carbon dioxide as a normal person will in their lifetime.
 The richest 1 per cent (around 63 million people) alone were responsible for 15 per cent of
cumulative emissions and that they were emitting 35 times the level of CO₂e compatible with
the 1.5°C by 2030 goal of the Paris Agreement.
 It would take 1.8 million cows to emit the same levels of CO2e as each of the 125 billionaires.
 Almost four million people would have to go vegan to offset the emissions of each of the
billionaires.
 The actual figure is likely to be higher still, as published carbon emissions by corporates have
been shown to systematically underestimate the true level of carbon impact, and billionaires
and corporates who do not publicly reveal their emissions, so could not be included in the
research, are likely to be those with a high climate impact.
 The report also estimated that a wealth tax on the world’s super-rich could raise USD 1.4
trillion a year, vital resources that could help developing countries - those worst hit by
the climate crisis - to adapt, address loss and damage and carry out a just transition to
renewable energy.
 The report also called for steeply higher tax rates for investments in polluting industries to
deter such investments.
1.18 Climate Transparency Report 2022

Released by- Climate Transparency
About the report-
 The report was developed with experts from 16 partner organisations from the majority of the
G20 (Group of 20) countries.
 It provides a concise overview of the key facts and figures on the state of climate performance
of the G20 in a comparative stocktake.
 The analysis covers adaptation, mitigation and finance, with 20 detailed country profiles of all
G20 members and a summary of key findings.
 The review is based on 100 indicators for adaptation, mitigation and finance.
 As per the report, the losses were the highest in four sectors — services, manufacturing,
agriculture, and construction.
 Exposure to higher temperatures and the resulting reduction of working hours has led to
substantial income losses in services, manufacturing, agriculture, and construction.
 With respect to global emissions, the USA ranked first, as America contributes 25 percent of
it, followed by the European Union with 22 per cent.
 G20 members account for around 85 per cent of global GDP, 75 percent of international trade
and two-thirds of the world’s population, and are responsible for around three-quarters of
global emissions.
 To limit warming to 1.5 Degrees Celsius, the G20, therefore, carries high responsibility.
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 According to the report, the G20 members are still not taking the necessary level of
accountability of action.
 The report noted that several countries including India have submitted stronger Nationally
Determined Contributions (NDC) targets over time, but their overall level of ambition and
action is still insufficient to meet 1.5 Degrees Celsius.
 The combined mitigation effect of all 2030 targets assessed is projected to lead to warming of
2.4 Degrees Celsius, with current policies leading to a 2.7 Degrees Celsius world by 2100.
 This underlines the urgent need for G20 members to strengthen current climate policies,
intensify implementation, and submit more ambitious 2030 targets that align with midcentury
net zero targets.
 The members’ support to produce fossil fuels have reached new heights at 64 billion USD in
2021, despite the worsening of climate crisis.
o Wider government fossil fuel subsidies, which shrunk to 147 billion USD in 2020, rose
back again by 29 per cent to 190 billion USD in 2021.
o G20 members with highest total subsidies for fossil fuels are China, Indonesia and the
United Kingdom.
 The report also found that energy emissions also rebounded across G20 countries by 5.9 per
cent last year, returning back to the pre-pandemic levels despite the warning from the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) that recommended reducing emissions by
50 per cent to keep the 1.5 degree warming levels.
 In 2021, emissions in power and real estate sector were higher than pre-pandemic levels.
 Countries with highest increase in renewable energy share are the United Kingdom (67 per
cent), Japan (48 per cent) and Mexico (40 per cent).
India’s specific findings
 India experienced an income loss of 159 billion USD (5.4 per cent of its GDP) in service,
manufacturing, agriculture and construction sectors because of extreme heat in 2021.
 The heat exposure in India caused a loss of 167 billion potential labour hours – a 39 per cent
increase from 1990-1999.
 The labour productivity in the country is expected to decline by 5 per cent from 1986-2006
level if global temperature increase by 1.5°C.
 Despite the fact that India is responsible for 3 percent of global emissions, the report
highlighted that 142 million people in India may be exposed or roughly 10 percent of the
population to summer heat waves at 1.5 Degrees Celsius.
 It has revealed that India witnessed a record heatwave which greatly affected workers, labour
migrants, low-income households and the homeless, and reduced the yields of wheat crops,
which would have been useful to address supply shortages caused by the war in Ukraine.
1.19 Arm’s production capabilities in the Indo pacific region

Released by- Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI)
About the report-
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 It provides ranking among 12 countries in the Indo-Pacific after assessing their defence
production.
 The study is based on three indicators.
o Arms procurement
1.20 Arms industry

o Capabilities in emerging military technologies
 China has been placed first in self-reliant defence production, and is followed by Japan is
second, and South Korea is in third place.
 India has been ranked fourth in the ranking.
 China dominates the ranking, reaching a self-reliance score more than two and a half times
higher than Japan’s.
 The research argues that despite trying to cut imports, India continues to remain dependent
on foreign nations for arms needs. From 2016 to 20, it ranked as the second largest importer.
 India’s domestic arms companies provide only 16 per cent of its total procurement. However,
the significant arms sales of local firms and the high level of licensed production push India to
fourth position in the list.
1.21 2022 Forest Deceleration Assessment

Released by- Forest Deceleration Assessment Partners
About the report-
 The report sheds a stark light on the state of global forest commitments but offers hope that
achieving the 2030 forest goals is possible.
 The Assessment is presented as series of four reports on:
o Overarching forest goals (Theme 1)
o Sustainable production and development (Theme 2)
o Finance for forests (Theme 3)
o Forest governance (Theme 4)
 In 2014, the New York Declaration on Forests (NYDF) was adopted as a political declaration
calling for the end of natural forest loss and the restoration of 350 million hectares of degraded
landscapes and forestlands by 2030.
 The report estimates that it would cost a maximum of 460 billion USD per annum to protect,
restore and enhance forest on a global scale.
o Currently, domestic and international finances targeting mitigation of forest loss
averages 2.3 billion per annum.
o This is less than 1 per cent of the required amount. The forest funding must increase
200 times to meet the 2030 goals
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 In 2021, deforestation rates have declined at the global level by 6.3 per cent compared to
2018-20 baseline.
o In the humid tropics, loss of irreplaceable primary forest decreased by only 3.1 percent.
o Tropical Asia is the only region currently on track to halt deforestation by 2030.
 Though the rate of forest loss has deaccelerated, the climate goal of stopping deforestation by
2030 will not be achieved.
 A 10 per cent annual reduction is required to stop deforestation completely by the end of the
present decade.
 In 2021, Brazil is the largest contributor of deforestation in the world. It recorded a 3 per cent
increase in the deforestation rate last year compared to the 2018-2020 baseline.
 The deforestation rate in Bolivia and the Democratic Republic of the Congo is 6 per cent and 3
per cent respectively.
 Around 145 countries have committed to stop and reverse deforestation and land degradation
by 2030 at the COP26 in 2021.
 Global tree cover has increased by 130.9 million hectares over the past 20 years.
o Three-quarters of the increase was concentrated in 13 countries. The most significant
increase was seen in Russia (28.4%), Canada, the United States, Brazil and China.
 China recorded the largest net increase in green cover of 2.1 million hectares.
o India recorded 0.87 million hectares increase in tree cover.
 Around 90 per cent (118.6 Mha) of total tree cover gain in the world is attributed to natural
regeneration and assisted natural regeneration that occurred outside plantation.
 The increase in tree cover does not cancel out tree loss nor does it eliminate the adverse
impact of forest degradation in terms of carbon storage, biodiversity, or ecosystem services.
 Global forest loss decreased in 2021, but the crucial climate goal of stopping deforestation by
2030 would still be missed.
 Reduction in Deforestation:
o Gabon reduced deforestation by 28% in 2021 compared to 2018-20.
o The country implemented measures to combat illegal logging and the enforcement of
protected areas.
o Indonesia reduced deforestation after implementing the forest moratorium and
improved enforcement measures.
Recommendation:
 Forest cover gains don’t negate the impacts of forest loss in terms of carbon storage,
biodiversity, or ecosystem services. The highest priority efforts should be directed
towards safeguarding primary forests from losses in the first place.
 Forests are the backbone of our economies and crucial to our wellbeing. It is now more
important than ever to speed up action and concerted efforts to halt deforestation and scale
up restoration in a way that benefits people, nature and climate.
o More ground-up inclusive solutions, stronger collaboration and coordination among
the public and private sectors and the civil society, and moving from commitments to
implementation.
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1.22 QS Asia University Rankings 2023
Released by- Quacquarelli Symonds
About the report-
 The rankings provides a comprehensive list of the best Universities in Asian region, and the
latest edition features 760 institutions.
 It used a total of 11 key indicators such as academic and employer reputations, number of
staff holding a PhD, and percentage of international students to rank the institutions:
Top 3 Universities
Rank University Score
1 Peking University 100.0
2 National University of Singapore 97.4
3 Tsinghua University 97.3
 The Mainland China, boasts the most universities with 128 out of the 760 schools featuring
in the rankings.
o It is followed by India (118) and Japan (106) in second and third place respectively.
India specific finding:
Top 3 Indian Universities:
Indian Rank Global Rank University Score
1 40 IIT Bombay 68.7
2 46 IIT Delhi 64.9
3 52 IISc Bangalore 59.4
 In top 100, India has 7 institutes as compared to 7 in previous year.
 19 Indian Institutions are ranked in top 200.
 IIT Madras has also improved its rank by one place and now it is the 53rd best institute in Asia,
as per QS.
 The other three institutions in the list of top 100 are IIT Kharagpur (61), IIT Kanpur (66) and
University of Delhi (85).
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Reports and
Indices
16th to 30th November
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Contents
First Section ................................................................................................................................................... 32
1.23 Annual Performance of Institution’s Innovation Council (IIC4.0) Academic Year 2021-22... 32
1.24 Estimates of GDP – Q2 (July-September) of 2022-23 ................................................................ 32
1.25 Periodic Labour Force Survey (July – September 2022) ........................................................... 33
1.26 OECD Economic Outlook, November 2022 ................................................................................. 34
1.27 Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2021-22 ...................................................................... 34
1.28 EASE 5.0 Reform Index Q1 FY23.................................................................................................. 35
1.29 Report on Municipal Finances ..................................................................................................... 36
1.30 World Population Prospects (WPP) Report 2022 ...................................................................... 37
1.31 Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) Policy Framework, and its Deployment
Mechanism Report ........................................................................................................................................ 39
1.32 Preserving Progress on Nutrition in India: Poshan Abhiyaan in Pandemic Times.................. 39
1.33 Quarterly Numbers of Public Sector Banks (PSBs) .................................................................... 40
Second Section............................................................................................................................................... 41
1.34 Climate Change Performance Index 2023 ................................................................................... 41
1.35 APAC (Asia Pacific Region) Outlook: A coming Downshift ........................................................ 42
1.36 Global Employability University Ranking and Survey (GEURS) Report................................... 42
1.37 World Intellectual Property Indicators 2022 ............................................................................. 42
1.38 India 2023 Outlook ....................................................................................................................... 43
THIRD SECTION ............................................................................................................................................ 43
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First Section
1.23 Annual Performance of Institution’s Innovation Council (IIC4.0) Academic Year

2021-22
About the report-
 IICs is a faculty-experts-student council which takes on multiple activities to promote
Innovation and Entrepreneurship round the year.
 IIC’s objective is to prepare the students with skills like critical thinking, Design Thinking,
Innovative thought process and Entrepreneurial mindset.
 Features of IIC 4.0:
o Semester Based Approach for Preparing and Advising Annual Calendar Plan for IICs.
o Learning Modules for the Activities scheduled as part of IIC Annual Calendar.
o Self-Driven and MIC Driven Activities and Differential weightage/ scoring system for
each type of activity category.
o Report submission and evaluation by MIC on Quarterly Basis.
o Introduction of New Scoring Mechanism for Rating & Quarterly Rating System.
 More than 6400 Institution’s Innovation Councils (IICs) have been established in higher
educational institutions which gives a systematic and structured approach to conduct
innovation and entrepreneurship activities round the and building a vibrant innovation and
startup ecosystem development in campuses.
 During the academic year 2021-22, a total of 63288 numbers of I&E activities were conducted
by these IICs which is double the number of activities conducted in the previous year.
 The average exposure of an individual to participate in innovation and entrepreneurship
activities per year has increased substantially from less than 4 numbers in 2018-19 to 8
numbers in 2020-21 and 10 numbers in 2021-22 in IIC institutions.
 Moreover, the IICs in HEIs are conducting many innovation and entrepreneurship activities,
because of this there is a positive and exponential increase in awareness levels among
students and faculty members towards Innovation & Entrepreneurship.
1.24 Estimates of GDP – Q2 (July-September) of 2022-23

Released by- National Statistical Office (NSO)
About the report-
 It provides estimates of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for the second quarter (July-
September) of 2022-23 (Q2 2022-23), both at Constant (2011-12) and Current Prices.
 Real GDP or GDP at Constant (2011-12) Prices in Q2 2022-23 is estimated at ₹38.17 lakh crore,
as against ₹35.89 lakh crore in Q2 2021-22, showing a growth of 6.3 percent as compared to
8.4 percent in Q2 2021-22.
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 Nominal GDP or GDP at Current Prices in Q2 2022-23 is estimated at ₹65.31 lakh crore, as
against ₹56.20 lakh crore in Q2 2021-22, showing a growth of 16.2 percent as compared to
19.0 percent in Q2 2021-22.
 GDP at Constant (2011-12) Prices in April-September 2022-23 (H1 2022-23) is estimated at
₹75.02 lakh crore as against ₹68.36 lakh crores during the corresponding period of previous
year, showing a growth of 9.7 percent in H1 2022-23 as against 13.7 percent during the same
period last year.
 GDP at Current Prices in H1 2022-23 is estimated at ₹130.26 lakh crore as against ₹107.47
lakh crores during the corresponding period of previous year, showing a growth of 21.2
percent in H1 2022-23 as against 25.0 percent during the same period last year.
1.25 Periodic Labour Force Survey (July – September 2022)

Released by- National Statistical Office (NSO)
About the report-
 It aims:
o To estimate the key employment and unemployment indicators in the short time
interval of three months for the urban areas only in the Current Weekly Status (CWS).
o To estimate employment and unemployment indicators in both usual status and CWS
in both rural and urban areas annually.
 Basic terminologies:
o Labour Force Participation Rate (LFPR): is defined as the percentage of persons in the
labour force (i.e. working or seeking or available for work) in the population.
o Worker Population Ratio (WPR): is defined as the percentage of employed persons in
the population.
o Unemployment Rate (UR): is defined as the percentage of persons unemployed among
the persons in the labour force.
o Activity Status- Usual Status: When the activity status is determined on the basis of
the reference period of the last 365 days preceding the date of the survey, it is known
as the usual activity status of the person.
o Activity Status- Current Weekly Status (CWS): The activity status determined on the
basis of a reference period of the last 7 days preceding the date of the survey is known
as the CWS of the person.
 The LFPR in CWS in urban areas in July-September 2022 is 47.9% in 15 years and above age
group.
o For males it is 73.4% and for females it is 21.7%.
 The WPR in CWS in urban areas in July-September 2022 is 44.5% in 15 years and above age
group.
 The UR in CWS in urban areas in July-September 2022 is 7.2% in 15 years and above age
group.
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1.26 OECD Economic Outlook, November 2022
Released by- Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)
 The world economy is expected to grow just 3.1% in 2022, down sharply from a robust 5.9%
in 2021.
o The world economy will grow by only 2.2% in 2023.
o This is due to issues of high interest rates, punishing inflation and Russia's war against
Ukraine.
 It expects the United States, the world's largest economy, to grow just 1.8% in 2022 (down
drastically from 5.9% in 2021), 0.5% in 2023 and 1% in 2024.
 It has predicted that the eurozone will collectively manage just 0.5% growth next year before
accelerating slightly to 1.4% in 2024.
 Whatever growth the international economy produces next year, will come largely from the
emerging market countries of Asia.
o Together, it estimates, they will account for three-quarters of world growth next year
while the U.S. and European economies falter.
 India's economy, for instance, is expected to grow 6.6% this year and 5.7% next year.
 China’s economy will expand just 3.3% this year and 4.6% in 2023.
 After decades of low prices and ultra-low interest rates, the consequences of chronically high
inflation and interest rates are unpredictable.
1.27 Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2021-22

Released by- Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
About the report-
 The seventh edition seeks to provide comprehensive data about the regional economies of
India.
o It covers sub-national statistics on socio-demographics, state domestic product,
agriculture, price and wages, industry, infrastructure, banking, and fiscal indicators
across the states during various time periods ranging from 1951 to 2021-22.
 Two new sections have been included in the recent edition – health and environment.
 The Indian economy showed remarkable resilience to multiple consecutive shocks it
experienced since early 2020. It retained the macroeconomic stability and sustained the
momentum of economic growth’s recovery.
 The macroeconomic outlook is positive in the current fiscal. However, India is still impacted by
global headwinds.
 Karnataka has the highest total installed capacity of grid-interactive renewable power
among all states. It had total installed capacity of 15,463 megawatts (MW).
o It is followed by Tamil Nadu (15,225 MW), Gujarat (13,153 MW) and Maharashtra
(10,267 MW).
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 Centre’s Fiscal Deficit: In the case of the Centre, the fiscal deficit jumped from 4.6% in FY20 to
9.3% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in FY21.
 State’s Fiscal Deficit: The Gross Fiscal Deficit of the Indian states rose nearly 78% after the
lockdown in FY21.
o The Fiscal Deficit increased from Rs 5.2 trillion in FY20 to Rs 9.3 trillion in 2020-21
(FY21). In FY22, the deficit fell to Rs 8.1 trillion but stood much higher than the pre-
pandemic level.
o Except for Arunachal Pradesh, Haryana, Sikkim and Odisha, all the states saw a higher
fiscal deficit in FY21 as compared to FY20.
o In FY21, the highest fiscal deficit was recorded in Tamil Nadu followed
by Maharashtra and Uttar Pradesh.
 States Tax revenue: Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra witnessed a
marginal decline in their tax revenue receipts in FY21. The highest fall in own tax revenue was
seen in Kerala.
 Total offices of Scheduled Commercial Banks in India are 154758.
 Daily wagers in Kerala earned way more than their counterparts in more industrialised states
like Gujarat and Maharashtra and earned more than double the national average of Rs 373.30.
 Tamil Nadu has remained the top state in India with the maximum number of
factories including micro, small and mid-sized units followed by Gujarat, Maharashtra,
Andhra Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh in the top-five bracket on a list of 36 states and union
territories across India.
o Tamil Nadu had 38,837 factories, Gujarat had 28,479 factory count, Maharashtra,
Andhra Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh had 25,610, 16,924, and 16,184 factories as of
2019-20.
 Himachal Pradesh is the worst off among Indian states as the pensions burden, which
consumed almost half the state’s own tax revenues in 2004-05, has ballooned to eat away
more than three-fourths of its own tax revenues (OTR) in 2020-21.
 Health specialists such as surgeons, obstetrician and gynaecologists, and physicians are awfully
short of requirement of state community health centres (CHC).
o As many as 79.90 per cent of the requirements were unfulfilled at these centres in 2021
compared to 76.09 per cent in 2020. The two years were hit by Covid-19 waves.
1.28 EASE 5.0 Reform Index Q1 FY23

Released by- Indian Bank Association (IBA)
About the report-
 EASE 5.0 ‘Common reforms agenda’ focuses on Enhanced Digital experience, Integrated and
Inclusive Banking.
 The performance of PSBs is measured on the following five themes under EASE 5.0:
o Digitally enabled customer offerings
o Big data & analytics
o Modem technology capabilities
o Collaborative banking
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o Employee development & governance
 Top 3 Overall Rankings
Rank Name of Bank Score
1 State Bank of India (SBI) 58.4
2 Union Bank of India (UBI) 58.3
3 Bank of Baroda (BoB) 52.3
 Top 3 Theme wise Rankings
Digitally
Modern Employee
Enabled Big Data & Collaborative
Rank Technology Development
Customer Analytics Banking
Capabilities & Governance
Offerings
1 SBI Canara Bank UBI UCO Bank UBI
Central Bank of
2 UBI BoB SBI SBI
India
Bank of
3 BoB SBI PNB SBI
Maharashtra
 The average overall score in the EASE index is 37.7 in Q1 FY23.
1.29 Report on Municipal Finances

Released by- Reserve Bank of India (RBI)
About the report-
 The report compiles and analyses budgetary data for 201 Municipal Corporations
(MCs) across all States.
 The report explores ‘Alternative Sources of Financing for Municipal Corporations’ as its
theme.
 Poor working of MCs:
o There have been several lacunae in the working of MCs and no appreciable
improvement in their functioning despite institutionalisation of the structure of local
governance in India.
o The availability and quality of essential services for urban populations in India has
consequently remained poor.
 Lack of Financial Autonomy:
o Most municipalities only prepare budgets and review actuals against budget plans but
do not use their audited financial statements for balance sheet and cash flow
management, resulting in significant inefficiencies.
o While the size of the municipal budgets in India are much smaller than peers in other
countries, revenues are dominated by property tax collections and devolution of
taxes and grants from upper tiers of government, resulting in lack of financial
autonomy.
 Minimal Capital Expenditure:
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o MCs’ committed expenditure in the form of establishment expenses, administrative
costs and interest and finance charges is rising, but capital expenditure is minimal.
o MCs mostly rely on borrowings from banks and financial institutions and loans from
centre/ state governments to finance their resource gaps in the absence of a well-
developed market for municipal bonds.
 Stagnant Revenues/Expenditure:
o Municipal revenues/expenditures in India have stagnated at around 1% of GDP (Gross
Domestic Product) for over a decade.
o In contrast, municipal revenues/ expenditures account for 7.4% of GDP in Brazil and 6%
of GDP in South Africa.
 Ineffective State Financial Commissions:
o Governments have not set up State Financial Commissions (SFCs) in a regular and
timely manner even though they are required to be set up every five years.
o Accordingly, in most of the States, SFCs have not been effective in ensuring rule-based
devolution of funds to Local governments.
Recommendations
 MCs need to adopt sound and transparent accounting practices with proper monitoring and
documentation of various receipt and expenditure items.
 MCs should explore different innovative bond and land-based financing mechanisms to
augment their resources.
 The rapid rise in urban population density, however, calls for better urban infrastructure, and
hence, requires greater flow of financial resources to Local governments.
 To improve the buoyancy of municipal revenue, the Centre and the States may share one-
sixth of their GST (Goods and Services Tax).
1.30 World Population Prospects (WPP) Report 2022

Released by- United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UNDESA)
About the report-
 The 27th edition of the report provides estimates and projections of population from 1950 to
the present for 237 countries or areas, underpinned by analysis of historical demographic
trends.
 Population Growth:
o The global population will reach 8 billion on November 15, 2022, more than three
times the population of 2.5 billion in 1950.
o The UN projections suggest that the global population could grow to around 8.5 billion
in 2030, 9.7 billion in 2050, and 10.4 billion in 2100.
 Rate of Population Growth:
o The report finds that in 2020, for the first time since 1950, the rate of population
growth fell below 1 percent per year and it is projected to continue to slow in the next
few decades and through the end of this century.
 Population Regions:
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o The world’s two most populous regions in 2022 were Eastern and South-Eastern Asia,
with 2.3 billion people, representing 29 percent of the global population, and Central
and Southern Asia, with 2.1 billion (26 percent).
o China and India accounted for the largest populations in these regions, with more than
1.4 billion each in 2022.
o Central and Southern Asia is expected to become the most populous region in the
world by 2037.
o More than half of the projected increase in global population up to 2050 will be
concentrated in just eight countries: the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Egypt,
Ethiopia, India, Nigeria, Pakistan, the Philippines, and the United Republic of Tanzania.
o The 46 Least Developed Countries (LDCs) are among the world’s fastest growing.
 Life expectancy and fertility rate
o Globally, life expectancy reached 72.8 years in 2019, an increase of almost 9 years
since 1990. Further reductions in mortality are projected to result in an average
longevity of around 77.2 years globally in 2050.
o Life expectancy at birth for women in 2019 exceeded that for men by 5.4 years globally,
with female and male life expectancies standing at 73.8 and 68.4, respectively.
o In 2021, the average fertility of the world’s population stood at 2.3 births per woman
over a lifetime, having fallen from about 5 births per woman in 1950. Global fertility is
projected to decline further to 2.1 births per woman by 2050.
 Elderly Population: The share of the global population aged 65 years or above is projected to
rise from 10% in 2022 to 16% in 2050.
 India’s Population Growth:
o The report had said that India’s population stands at 1.412 billion in 2022, compared
to China’s 1.426 billion.
o India’s growth rate stood at 3% in 1972, which has dropped down to less than 1% now.
o India is projected to have a population of 1.668 billion in 2050, way ahead of China’s
1.317 billion people by the middle of the century.
o India is projected to overtake China as the world’s most populous country in 2023.
 Age wise distribution:
o As per the estimates, 68 per cent of India’s population is between 15-64 years old in
2022, while people aged 65 and above comprise seven per cent of the population.
o Over 27 per cent of the country’s population is between the ages of 15-29.
o At 253 million, India is also home to the world’s largest adolescent population (10-19
years).
o The median age of an Indian in 2022 was 28.7 years, compared to 38.4 for China and
48.6 for Japan against a global value of 30.3 years.
 Demographic Dividend:
o According to the projections, India has its largest ever adolescent and youth population.
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o India will continue to have one of the youngest populations in the world till 2030 and
is currently experiencing a demographic window of opportunity, a “youth bulge” that
will last till 2025.
1.31 Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage (CCUS) Policy Framework, and its
Deployment Mechanism Report
Released by- NITI Aayog
 CCUS can provide a wide variety of opportunities to convert the captured CO2 to different
value-added products like green urea, food and beverage form application, building materials,
chemicals (methanol and ethanol), polymers (including bio-plastics) and enhanced oil recovery
(EOR) with wide market opportunities in India, thus contributing substantially to a circular
economy.
o CCUS encompasses methods and technologies to remove CO2 from the flue gas and
from the atmosphere, followed by recycling the CO2 for utilization and determining
safe and permanent storage options.
o CO2 captured using CCUS technologies is converted into fuel (methane and
methanol), refrigerants and building materials.
 CCUS projects will also lead to a significant employment generation.
 It estimates that about 750 mtpa of carbon capture by 2050 can create employment
opportunities of about 8-10 million on full time equivalent (FTE) basis in a phased manner.
 Importance of CCUS to India
o India is the 3rd largest emitter of CO2 in the world after China and the US, with
estimated annual emissions of about 2.6 gigatonnes per annum (gtpa).
o The Government of India has committed to reducing CO2 emissions by 50% by 2050
and reaching net-zero by 2070.
o Industries such as steel, cement, oil, gas, petrochemicals, chemicals and fertilisers, have
a critical role to play in the country to halve CO2 emissions by 2050.
o Therefore, a sustainable solution for the decarbonisation of sectors that contribute to
70% of emissions is needed.
 Challenges associated with CCUS
o Expensive: Carbon capture involves the development of sorbents that can effectively
bind to the CO2 present in flue gas or the atmosphere, which is expensive.
o Lesser Demand for Recycled CO2: Converting CO2 into useful chemicals of commercial
importance or utilizing CO2 for oil extraction or remediation of alkaline industrial
wastes, would add economic value to this greenhouse gas.
o However, the demand for CO2 is limited compared to the vast amount of CO2 that
needs to be removed from the atmosphere, to reduce the detrimental environmental
impacts of climate change.
1.32 Preserving Progress on Nutrition in India: Poshan Abhiyaan in Pandemic Times

Released by- NITI Aayog
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About the report-
 This is the 4th progress report on the POSHAN (Prime Minister’s Overarching Scheme for
Holistic Nutrition) Abhiyaan.
 The report covers the period from January to December 2020, which mostly coincides with the
active implementation of mission activities.
 To facilitate for fair comparisons, the report classifies the states and UTs into three categories:
large states, small states, and UTs.
 Top performance across the categories-
Rank Larger States Smaller States UTs

1 Maharashtra Sikkim Dadra & Nagar Haveli and Daman & Diu
2 Andhra Pradesh Meghalaya Chandigarh
3 Gujarat Tripura Andaman & Nicobar Islands
 The report highlighted that 12 of the 19 largest states had an implementation score of more
than 70%.
 In terms of overall Poshan Abhiyaan implementation, Punjab and Bihar performed the lowest
among larger states.
 Only 17 States and UTs had more than 75% of children 12-23 months of age fully immunized,
while 11 states and UTs had less than 25% fully immunized children.
 Take-home rations (THR) have been distributed to all beneficiaries of the Women and Child
Development (WCD) programme in various States and UTs.
o However, it said, coverage remained low in Bihar (65 per cent pregnant women, 62
per cent lactating women, and 52 per cent children), Punjab (78 per cent pregnant
women, 76 per cent lactating women, and 65 per cent children), Sikkim (84 per cent
pregnant women, 84 per cent lactating women, and 77 per cent children) and Jammu
and Kashmir (49 per cent pregnant women, 51 per cent lactating women, and 54 per
cent children).
 It should be emphasized that less than 50% of the funds allocated for Poshan Abhiyaan have
been utilized overall, across 23 States and UTs.
 According to the report, 16 states and UTs had more than 75 per cent of children (0-59 months)
diarrhoea cases treated with ORS, while there were 5 states and UTs that treated less than 25
per cent of child diarrhoea cases with ORS.
1.33 Quarterly Numbers of Public Sector Banks (PSBs)

Released by- Public Sector Banks
About the report-
 The report provides an overview of the financial health of the public sector banks (PSBs).
 Bank of Maharashtra (BoM) has emerged as the top performer among public sector lenders
in terms of loan growth in percentage terms during second quarter of 2022-23.
o BOM recorded 28.62 per cent increase in gross advances at Rs 1,48,216 crore at the
end of September 2022.
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 It was followed by Union Bank of India with 21.54 per cent growth to Rs 7,52,469 crore, while
State Bank of India stood at third spot with 18.15 per cent jump in gross advances, to Rs
25,47,390 crore.
 In Retail-Agriculture-MSME (RAM) loans, BoM recorded the highest growth of 22.31 per cent
followed by Bank of Baroda with 19.53 per cent and SBI at 16.51 per cent during the period
under review.
 In Current Account Savings Account (CASA) deposits, BoM topped the chart with 56.27 per
cent followed by Canara Bank at 50.99 per cent.
 BoM and SBI with 3.55 per cent Net Interest Margin (NIM), stood at the top among PSBs.
 BoM and SBI were in the lowest quartile as far as gross non-performing assets (NPAs) and net
NPAs were concerned.
 BoM has 16.71 per cent Capital Adequacy Ratio, highest among PSBs, followed by Canara
Bank at 16.51 per cent and Indian Bank at 16.15 per cent at the end of second quarter of 2022-
23.
 In the first half of FY23, the cumulative net profit of all PSBs increased by 32 per cent to Rs
40,991 crore.
Second Section
1.34 Climate Change Performance Index 2023
Released by- Germanwatch, the New Climate Institute and the Climate Action Network
About the report-
 The index aims to enhance transparency in international climate politics and enables
comparison of climate protection efforts and progress made by individual countries.
 Published by: Germanwatch, the New Climate Institute and the Climate Action Network
annually since 2005.
 The climate protection performance is assessed across 14 indicators in four categories:
o Greenhouse Gas Emissions (40 percent of the overall score)
o Renewable Energy (20 percent)
o Energy Use (20 percent)
o Climate Policy (20 percent)
 The first three spots of the index remained empty, as no country performed well enough in
all categories to achieve an overall high rating
 Denmark (79.61), Sweden (73.28), Chile and Morocco were ranked at 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th
respectively.
 The worst performers in the overall ranking were Iran, Saudi Arabia and Kazakhstan. They
ranked particularly poorly in renewables and heavily reliant on oil.
 Saudi Arabia was found to be the nation with the highest per capita GHG emissions among
the G20 nations.
 India (67.35) has been ranked 8th amongst a group of 59 countries and the European Union.
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o It has risen two spots since last year.
 India is the only G-20 country in the top 10 rank.
 India’s ranking in categories:
o In GHGs, it ranked at 9, at 24 in Renewable Energy, 9 in Energy Use and 8 on Climate
Policy.
 India earned a ‘high’ rating in the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Emissions and Energy Use categories,
with a ‘medium’ for Climate Policy and Renewable Energy.
 India is on track to meet its 2030 emissions targets (compatible with a well-below -2°C
scenario)
1.35 APAC (Asia Pacific Region) Outlook: A coming Downshift

Released by- Moody’s Analytics
 The report has highlighted that India is headed for slower growth in 2023, more in line with
its long-term potential.
 In August, Moody’s had projected India’s growth to slow to 8% in 2022 and further to 5% in
2023, from 8.5% in 2021.
 The economy of Asia-Pacific (APAC) was slowing down, with the region feeling the effects of
slower global trade.
 Global industrial production has remained “fairly level" since it peaked in February just prior
to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.
 Even though India, as well as other major economies of APAC region are expanding due to
their own delayed reopening from pandemic-related shutdowns, the expected slowdowns in
Europe and North America, along with China’s sluggish economy, will cause 2023 to be a
slower year than 2022 for economic growth.
 A recession is not expected in the APAC region in the coming year, although the area will face
headwinds from higher interest rates and slower global trade growth.
1.36 Global Employability University Ranking and Survey (GEURS) Report

Released by- Times Higher Education (THE)
Key findings of the report
 Massachusetts Institute of Technology topped the list and five of the top 10 universities on
the list belong to the USA.
 Seven Indian universities have featured in the rankings, with Indian Institute of Technology,
Delhi (IIT-D) being the highest-ranked Indian university with 28th rank globally.
 Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, was the second-highest-ranked Indian university at 58th
position and was followed by the IIT Bombay (IIT-B) at 72nd.
 Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad (IIM-A) (154th), IIT Kharagpur (155th), Amity
University and Bangalore University were other universities that were included in the list.
1.37 World Intellectual Property Indicators 2022

Released by- World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)
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 In 2021, around 3.4 million patent applications were filed across the world, which is a 3.6 per
cent increase from the previous year, with offices in Asia receiving 67.6 per cent of all
applications worldwide.
 The top two countries with highest number of patent filings are India and China.
 Local patenting activity in the U.S. (-1.2 per cent), Japan (-1.7 per cent) and Germany (-3.9 per
cent) declined in 2021.
 India received 61,573 patent applications last year, an increase from 56,771 in 2020.
 Almost 43 per cent of the Indian patent applications are local and filed by resident applicants.
 India recorded a 16.5 per cent growth in patent grants in 2021.
 Strong growth in local patent filings in India (+5.5 per cent), China (+5.5 per cent) and the
Republic of Korea (+2.5 per cent) drove the global growth in patent applications in 2021.
 Most countries registered increases in trademark filing activity in 2021, with 18.1 million
trademark class counts worldwide in 2021, up 5.5 per cent on 2020.
1.38 India 2023 Outlook

Released by- Goldman Sachs
 India’s economic growth in 2023 is expected to slow to 5.9%, from 6.9% in 2022.
 Growth will likely be a tale of two halves, with a slower first half as the reopening boost fades,
and monetary tightening weighs on domestic demand. In the second half, growth is likely to
re-accelerate as global growth recovers, drag from net exports diminishes and investment
cycle picks up.
 Headline CPI inflation is likely to decrease to 6.1% in 2023 from 6.8% in 2022 as ‘active
government intervention’ would cap food inflation.
 It said that the Reserve Bank would likely increase the repo rate by 50 basis points / 35 bps in
December 2022/February 2023 taking the repo rate to 6.75% by February 2023.
 As per its forecast, the rupee would be at 84 against the U.S. dollar in three months, dip to the
83 level in six months and reach the 82 level over a 12-month horizon.
THIRD SECTION
S. Name of Report Published By Highlights

No.
1 India’s Most Desired TRA  Reliance Jio topped the telecom
Brands 2022 category, followed by Bharti Airtel,
Vodafone Idea Ltd and BSNL.
 In the apparel category, Adidas was the
top brand followed by Nike, Raymond,
Allen Solly and Peter England.
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 BMW topped the automobile list,
followed by Toyota, Hyundai and Honda.
 LIC topped in banking and financial
services index that had State Bank of India
at number 2 and ICICI Bank at 3rd.
 Kent topped the consumer appliances
ranking, followed by Livpure and Okaya.
 In consumer electronics, LG, Sony and
Samsung were the top three brands.
 ITC topped the diversified conglomerate
list, followed by Tata and Reliance.
 Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Ltd
(HPCL) topped the energy list, followed by
Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) and Adani.
 In the food and beverages category, Amul
was the top brand, followed by Nescafe.
 Fogg was the top FMCG brand, followed
by Lakme, Nivea and Colgate.
 Philips topped the fast-moving electrical
goods list, Mi on the gadgetry list,
Himalaya in healthcare, ITC Hotels in
hospitality, ACC in manufacturing, KFC in
retail and Dell in technology.
 Amazon, Facebook, Flipkart and Google
were top-ranked firms on the internet
brands list.
2 Global Leader Morning Consult  Prime Minister Narendra Modi has once
Approval Ratings Political again topped the list of the world’s most
Intelligence popular leaders with an approval rating
of 77 per cent.
 He is followed by Mexican President
Andrés Manuel López Obrador at 69 per
cent and Australian PM Anthony
Albanese at 56 per cent, on the second
and third spots, respectively.
 US President Joe Biden and UK’s new PM
Rishi Sunak had approval ratings of 41 per
cent and 36 per cent, respectively.
3 Mercom India Rooftop Mercom India  In 9 months of 2022, India has added
Solar Market Report 1,165 MW of rooftop solar, a 11% YoY
Q3 2022 decline.
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 In Q3 2022, India added 320 MW of
rooftop solar capacity, a 18% drop
compared to Q2 2022.
 Rooftop solar installations in Q3 fell by
29% YoY due to module price volatility.
 The average cost of rooftop solar systems
increased by 19% year-over-year.
 Maharashtra, had the most rooftop solar
installations in Q3 2022, followed by
Kerala and Gujarat.
 The cumulative installed solar rooftop
capacity in India is 8.3 GW at the end of
Q3 2022.
4 8 Doing Business in UK India Business  Maharashtra was rated the highest
th
India Report 2022 Council (UKIBC) among the Indian states in terms of the
operating environment.
 Other top performers are Gujarat,
Chandigarh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh,
Andhra Pradesh, and Uttar Pradesh.
 The reforms most desired by UK
businesses are improving turnaround
time of approvals and bureaucratic
processes.
 The Atmanirbhar Bharat initiative is seen
by more than 67 per cent of surveyed
businesses as an opportunity to do more
trade and investment in India, while 33
per cent of the businesses see this
initiative as a hurdle.
 The requirement to transfer intellectual
property is seen as an issue by the UK
business.
 The strong elements that are supporting
business operations in India are
telecommunication facilities, skilled
labour force and availability of supply
chain.
5 Outlook for India’s S&P Global Market  The report has projected India’s real GDP
Economic Growth and Intelligence growth to average 6.3 per cent annually
Policy Platforms between financial years 2021 and 2030.
 This will enable India to overtake Japan
and Germany to become the world’s
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third-largest economy in nominal US
dollar terms.
 Real income per capita is projected to
achieve significant average growth of 5.3
per cent, with Indian households
becoming the greatest spenders among
G20 economies.
6 Network Readiness Portulans Institute  The United States ranks first on the list,
Index 2022 (NRI 2022) with an overall score of 80.3.
 Singapore comes in second with a score of
79.35, and Sweden comes in third with a
score of 78.91. Singapore leads Asia
Pacific, followed by South Korea and
Japan.
 India has improved its position by six
slots and is now placed at 61st rank.
o India also improved its score from
49.74 in 2021 to 51.19 in 2022.
o India is ranked 3rd out of 36 in the
group of lower-middle-income
countries after Ukraine (50) and
Indonesia (59).
7 Data Centre Q3 2022 Knight Frank  Hyderabad, Chennai, and New Delhi
Report have emerged as the top data
centre markets in the Asia-Pacific region.
o These regions together hold more
than 100 megawatts (MW) of live
capacity (operational) in Q3 2022.
8 Climate Policy BloombergNEF and  ‘Group of 20’ (G20) countries have
Factbook Bloomberg provided nearly $700 billion in subsidies
Philanthropies for coal, oil, gas and fossil-fuel
industries in 2021.
 The factbook examined the
advancements made by each G-20
country in three specific policy areas —
phasing out fossil fuels, carbon pricing
and disclosure of climate risks.
 Only the European Union and the United
Kingdom have passed laws or regulations
requiring specific, countrywide disclosure
of climate-risk information for investors.
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 Fossil support spending increased by 16
per cent, and this surge was sparked by
the increase in support for fossil-fuel
companies and utilities.
 China contributed the highest share (26
per cent) of fossil fuel support in
2020. However, it is significantly less than
other G-20 members on a per capita basis
— at $111.
 Coal’s share of G-20 fossil fuel support is
gradually decreasing and it dropped to 2.9
per cent in 2021.
10 Centre for Sustainable Deloitte  More than 800 million jobs—about one-
Progress Report quarter of the global workforce—are
highly vulnerable to being disrupted by
climate change, from weather extremes
to the impacts of transitioning to a low-
carbon economy.
 Policy makers and business leaders can
unleash significant economic growth and
help create more than 300 million new
jobs around the world by 2050 by building
a new Green Collar workforce and making
decarbonization work.
 An investment in skills—to create a new
Green Collar workforce—is necessary to
realize the $43 trillion economic dividend
identified from coordinated action on
climate change.
 The research also finds that India’s
workforce and economy are especially
vulnerable to the impacts of climate
change, which means it has much to gain
from an active transition to net zero.
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DECEMBER - 2022
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Contents
FIRST SECTION ................................................................................................................................................... 4
1 Smuggling in India Report 2021-22 ...................................................................................................... 4
2 Global Wage Report 2022-23: The impact of inflation and Covid-19 on wages and purchasing
power 4
3 Turning the tide on internal displacement: A development approach to solutions .......................... 5
4 Climate Investment Opportunities in India’s Cooling Sector .............................................................. 6
5 Global report on health equity for persons with disabilities .............................................................. 7
6 Grassroot Soldiers: Role of ASHAs and ANMs in the Covid-19 Pandemic Management in India ..... 8
7 Renewables 2022 – Analysis and forecasts to 2027 ............................................................................ 9
8 State of Finance for Nature (SFN) 2022 Report ................................................................................. 10
9 India Development Update - Navigating the Storm ........................................................................... 10
SECOND SECTION ............................................................................................................................................. 11
10 Tribal Development Report 2022 ........................................................................................................ 11
11 Review of Maritime Transport 2022 ................................................................................................... 12
12 S&P Economic Outlook ......................................................................................................................... 13
13 Preventing Injuries and Violence – An Overview ............................................................................... 13
THIRD SECTION ................................................................................................................................................ 14
Reports and Indices 16th to 31st December ..................................................................................................... 17
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Reports and
Indices
1st to 15th December
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FIRST SECTION
1 Smuggling in India Report 2021-22

Released by- Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI)
 India is the world’s second-largest consumer of gold after China.
 The Directorate of Revenue Intelligence (DRI) seized 833.07 kg of smuggled gold worth ₹405.35
crore in 2021-22 (FY22).
 The largest amount of gold seized by the DRI in 2020-21 & 2021-22, was of Myanmar origin.
o While, in 2019-20, the largest originating country/region of smuggled gold was the Middle
East.
 37% of all the gold seized in FY22 was from Myanmar and 20 per cent of it originated from West
Asia.
 In total, 73% of smuggled gold caught was brought in through Myanmar and Bangladesh.
 Manipur and Mizoram are the two strategic states at the Indo-Myanmar Border in connection with
gold smuggling.
 India’s gold imports were worth $34.62 billion in 2020-21 and rose 33.34 per cent to $46.14
billion during 2021-22.
 In the last 10 years, Maharashtra has smuggled most of the Gold in India followed by Tamil Nadu
and Kerala.
2 Global Wage Report 2022-23: The impact of inflation and Covid-19 on wages and
purchasing power
Released by- International Labour Organization (ILO)
About the report-
 The report examines the evolution of real wages, giving a unique picture of wage trends globally
and by region and includes evidence on how wages have evolved through the COVID-19 crisis.
 The report also looks at changes in wage inequality and the gender pay gap to reveal how COVID-
19 may have contributed to increasing income inequality in different regions of the world.

 Global wages declined in 2022 for the first time since the 2008 global financial crisis due to
increasing living expenses.
o This is threatening to worsen inequality and trigger social unrest.
 Monthly wages have declined by 0.9 per cent in real terms in the first half of 2022. This is the first
negative growth of real global wage in the 21st century.
o The countries that witnessed a fall in minimum wages include Bulgaria, Spain, Sri Lanka,
South Korea, the United Kingdom and the United States.
o The overall wages were lower in real terms in 2022 when compared with 2008 in
countries like the UK, Italy, Japan and Mexico.
 Severe inflation crisis and global economic slowdown – caused partly because of the war in
Ukraine and global energy crisis – are causing a decline in real monthly wages in many countries.
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 Lower-income countries have especially been hit because of significant loss in wages during the
COVID-19 pandemic.
 COVID-19 intensified informality, led to the withdrawal of workers from the labour market,
reduced earnings, increased unemployment and widened inequality.
o They struggled to find shelter, food, and even drinking water for their families.
 The minimum wages declined in real terms from 2020 to 2022 despite the efforts taken to keep
pace with the inflation.
 The decline in wages comes despite the increased productivity. The year 2022 recorded the
biggest gap between real labour productivity growth and the real wage growth in high-income
countries since 1999.
 Among the advanced G20 countries, the real wages in the first half of 2022 fell to minus 2.2 per
cent. Real wages in emerging G20 countries grew by 0.8 per cent, which is 2.6 per cent lesser than
in 2019, the year before the COVID-19 pandemic broke out.
o There is a wide gap between the average level of real wages of the emerging G20 countries
and that of the advanced G20 economies.
o The average wages of advanced G20 countries is $4,000 per month and for emerging G20
countries, it is $1,800 per month.
 75 to 95 million people were pushed into extreme poverty during COVID-19.
 In India, the nominal wages rose to 17,017 per month in 2021 from 4,398 in 2006.
o But when inflation is factored in, the real wage growth in India plunged to -0.2% in 2021
from 9.3% in 2006.
3 Turning the tide on internal displacement: A development approach to solutions

Released by- United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) with collaboration with Internal
Displacement Monitoring Centre (IDMC)
About the report-
 The report provides an analysis on the problem of internal displacement around the world.
 The report cited sample data of some internally displaced persons and people from host
communities in Colombia, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Nepal, Nigeria, Papua New Guinea, Somalia and
Vanuatu.

 For the first time ever, more than 100 million people were forcibly displaced in 2022, most of them
within their own countries.
o This was the highest global figure and more than double the number recorded 10 years
ago.
 At the end of 2021, there were over 59 million people forcibly displaced within their own
countries due to conflict, violence, disasters and climate change.
 Before the war in Ukraine, 6.5 million people are estimated to have been internally displaced.
 By 2050, climate change may force more than an estimated 216 million people to move within
their own countries.
 Disaster-related internal displacement is even more widespread, with new
displacements recorded in over 130 countries and territories in 2021.
 Around 30% of professional lives became unemployed and 24% were not able to earn money the
same way as before. 48% of the internally displaced households earned less money than before
displacement.
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 Health of around 31 per cent of internally displaced persons worsened following the
displacement.
 Children of internally displaced persons were on average 28 per cent more likely to have
experienced breaks in schooling than their host counterparts.
4 Climate Investment Opportunities in India’s Cooling Sector

Released by- World Bank Group
About the report-
 The report analyzed the India Cooling Action Plan (ICAP) launched in 2019 and came up with
suggestions for prioritizing the government’s investment opportunities in the cooling sector.

 Major Opportunities for India
o By 2037, the demand for cooling is likely to be eight times more than current levels.
o The need to deploy alternative and innovative energy-efficient technologies for keeping
spaces cool could open an investment opportunity of $1.6 trillion by 2040.
o Besides reducing greenhouse gas emissions significantly, it will also create 3.7 million
jobs.
o With the demand for cooling shooting up, there will be a demand for a new air-conditioner
every 15 seconds.
o These cooling requirements could lead to an expected rise of 435% in annual greenhouse
gas emissions over the next two decades.
 The report proposes a roadmap to support New Delhi’s India Cooling Action Plan (ICAP) 2019,
through new investments in three major sectors: building construction, cold chains and
refrigerants.
o Adopting climate-responsive cooling techniques as a norm in both private and
government-funded constructions.
 India’s Vulnerabilities:
o More than 160 to 200 million people could be exposed to a lethal heat wave in India every
year.
o Around 34 million Indians will face job losses due to heat stress-related productivity
decline.
o Food loss due to heat during transportation is likely to soar beyond the current $13 billion
annually.
 The world is already on a path where there would be many more intense heat waves like the one
India witnessed in 2022
 Heat stress is set to increase drastically in a world on its way to a two-three degree rise in
temperatures.
 Up to 75 per cent of India’s workforce, or 380 million people, depend on heat-exposed labour, at
times working in potentially life-threatening temperatures.
 India lost approximately 20 per cent of temperature-sensitive medical products and 25 per cent
of vaccines due to broken cold chains, leading to losses of $313 million a year.
Recommendations
 Sustainable Space Cooling:
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o Sustainable space cooling solutions may reduce annual GHG emissions by 213 metric
tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent by 2040.
o This can be achieved by increasing the efficiency of cooling technologies — air
conditioners, ceiling fans and chillers — which can save 30% energy by 2037-38.
 Passive Cooling Strategies:
o Passive cooling strategies for buildings in cities can reduce energy usage by 20-30% by
2038.
o A drop in the temperature of a building by one degree Celsius could lower peak electricity
demand for cooling by two-four per cent.
 Thermal Comfort:
o Government should include a thermal comfort programme in its affordable housing
Programme, Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY).
o Thermal comfort through passive cooling technologies in these households could benefit
over 11 million urban households and 29 million households in rural areas that the
government wants to construct.
o This would also ensure that the people most affected by rising temperatures are not
disproportionately affected.
 District Cooling Systems (DCS):
o District cooling should be made mandatory for real estate complexes that are of high
density.
o DCS generates chilled water in a central plant which can then be distributed to multiple
buildings via underground insulated pipes.
o Enacting a policy for district cooling could lead to the consumption of 20-30% less power
than the most efficient conventional cooling solutions.
 Cold Chain and Refrigeration:
o It is suggested to use concessional finance from Multilateral Development Banks like the
World Bank for investments in strategies to plug the gaps in the cold chain distribution
networks.
o Such investments can help reduce food loss by about 76% and decrease carbon emissions
by 16%.
 Effective implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-30 with the
state playing a leading role.
5 Global report on health equity for persons with disabilities

About the report-
 The report presents the evidence base for more systematic, comprehensive, and sustainable
change in the health sector.
 It outlines key policy and programmatic actions and recommendations for Member States to
strengthen and expand services for persons with disabilities.

 Currently, some 1.3 billion people, or one in six, worldwide suffer from major disabilities.
 Because of the systemic and persistent health inequities, many persons with disabilities face the
risk of dying much earlier—even up to 20 years earlier—than persons without disabilities.
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 An estimated 80% of people with disabilities reside in low- and middle-income countries with
limited resources, making it difficult to address these inequities.
 Risk of Disabilities:
o They are at a two-fold risk of contracting chronic
illnesses like asthma, depression, diabetes, obesity, dental disorders and stroke.
o Many of the discrepancies in health outcomes cannot be attributed to underlying health
conditions but rather to preventable, unfair and unjust circumstances.
 Some Factors for Inequity in Healthcare:
o Hostile attitudes of healthcare providers
o Non-comprehensible health information formats
o Physical barriers, lack of transportation, or financial constraints that prevent access to a
health center.
Recommendations:
 It recommends 40 steps the governments can implement to make healthcare sector more
inclusive.
 It is crucial to ensure that people with disabilities participate fully and effectively in all facets of
society and to instil inclusion, accessibility and non-discrimination in the medical field.
 Ensuring health equity for persons with disabilities will also have wider benefits and can advance
global health priorities in 3 ways:
o Health equity for all is critical towards achieving universal health coverage;
o Inclusive public health interventions that are administered equitably across different
sectors can contribute to healthier populations; and
o Advancing health equity for persons with disabilities is a central component in all efforts
to protect everyone in health emergencies.
 Governments, health partners and civil society should ensure all health sector actions are
inclusive of persons with disabilities so that they can enjoy their right to the highest standard of
health.
6 Grassroot Soldiers: Role of ASHAs and ANMs in the Covid-19 Pandemic

Management in India
Released by- Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, National Health Systems Resource Centre (NHSRC)
and Institute for Competitiveness (IFC)
About the report-
 The report is a comprehensive document encapsulating the experience and key role of ASHAs
and ANMs in India’s pandemic response strategy, and their critical role in delivering routine
health care services to the remotest corners of the country.

 India seek to leverage the learnings from the last two years in strengthening the country’s health
system to provide affordable, quality healthcare to every citizen.
 India launched one of the largest vaccination programs in the world extending its reach to the
innermost and far-flung regions of the country.
o India covered more than 90% of its population through vaccination in such a short time.
 As foot soldiers ASHA and ANM workers they touched each and every household, supported the
COVID-19 management and motivated them for vaccination.
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 They played a pivotal role in providing a range of services ranging from door-to-door surveys,
vaccination, disseminating information on hygiene practices, nutrition and sanitation,
reproductive and childcare services, communicable and non-communicable disease prevention
and control.
7 Renewables 2022 – Analysis and forecasts to 2027

About the report-
 The report is primary analysis on the energy sector, based on current policies and market
developments.
 It forecasts the deployment of renewable energy technologies in electricity, transport and heat to
2027 while also exploring key challenges to the industry and identifying barriers to faster growth.

 The global renewable power capacity growth is set to double over the next five years, driven by
energy security concerns in the wake of Russia's invasion of Ukraine.
 The capacity worldwide is expected to grow by 2,400 gigawatts (GW) - equal to the entire power
capacity of China today - to 5,640 GW by 2027.
o That’s an 85% acceleration from the previous five years, and almost 30% higher than
what was forecast in last year.
 The renewables are set to account for over 90% of global electricity expansion over the next five
years, overtaking coal to become the largest source of global electricity by early 2025.
 Renewables share in energy mix will be 38% by 2027.
 Global solar photovoltaic capacity is set to almost triple by 2027, growing by almost 1500 GW
during 2022-27 and becoming the largest source of power capacity in the world, while wind
capacity is set to almost double.
 Meanwhile biofuels demand is set to increase by 22% by 2027.
 High gas and power prices from a global energy crisis this year have made renewable power
technologies more attractive.
 Growth in renewables is also being driven by the United States, China and India implementing
policies and market reforms to support renewables deployment more quickly than previously
planned.
 India is expected to add 145 GW of renewable energy in next 5 years, till 2027 with solar energy
accounting for 75%.
o This year’s forecast has been revised upwards 7% from last year’s owing to higher-than-
expected PV capacity additions in 2022.
o Onshore wind energy will account for 15% and hydropower will provide the rest.
 The share of generation from renewable energy in India’s generation mix, which was at 22.1% in
FY22 will rise to 40.9% by FY30.
 India’s biofuel demand and production increase 70% or 2 400 MLPY over 2022- 2027.
 In the accelerated case, India achieves 50% higher renewable capacity deployment over 2022-
2027 than in the main case (145 GW).
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8 State of Finance for Nature (SFN) 2022 Report
Released by- United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) along with the Economics of Land
Degradation initiative of the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development (BMZ) of
Germany, the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) and the European
Commission.
About the report-
 The report quantifies public and private finance flows to nature-based solutions (NbS) to tackle
global challenges related to biodiversity loss, land degradation and climate change.

 Finance flows to nature-based solutions (NbS) are currently US$154 billion per year.
o Under this, public funds make up 83% of the total and the private sector contributes
approximately 17%.
o Total finance flows to NbS have from USD 133 billion (State of Finance for Nature (SFN)
2021).
 This finance flow is less than half of the US$384 billion per year investment in NbS needed by 2025
and only a third of the investment needed by 2030 (US$484 billion per year)
 Investment in Marine NbS and Protected Areas:
o SFN 2022 broadened the scope by including marine nature-based solutions and detailed
assessment of protected area finance.
o Finance flows to marine NbS are roughly USD 14 billion, 9% of total (terrestrial and
marine).
o Annual domestic government expenditure in marine NbS is over USD 10 billion per year,
including spending on marine protected areas, sustainable management of fisheries and
research and development of fisheries.
 Nature-negative Financial Flows:
o The investments in economic activities that are increasing GHG emissions are 3 to 7 times
higher than the investments in NbS.
o It is estimated to range between 340 billion USD per annum to 530 billion per annum.
o In agriculture sector, the subsidies are estimated to be around 500 billion per annum. The
report recommended the phasing out of these subsidies.
9 India Development Update - Navigating the Storm

Released by- World Bank
About the report-
 The report provides analysis on recent developments in India’s economy and places these in a
longer-term and global context.

 It has raised India’s economic growth forecast for the current financial year (FY 23) to 6.9% from
its October estimate of 6.5%.
o This has been done citing the economy’s resilience in the face of challenging external
environment and the September quarter performance.
 However, it has lowered its India growth forecast for next fiscal (FY 24) to 6.6% from 7% made
earlier.
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 The central government is on track to meet its fiscal deficit target of 6.4 per cent of the GDP for
the current fiscal year (FY 23) on the back of strong growth in revenue collections.
 The general government deficit is projected to decline to 9.6 per cent from 10.3 per cent in
FY21/22 and 13.3 per cent in FY20/21.
 Public debt is also projected to decline to 84.3 per cent of GDP in FY'23, from a peak of 87.6 per
cent in FY'21.
 While the deteriorating external environment will weigh on India’s growth prospects, the
economy is relatively well positioned to weather global spillovers compared to most other
emerging markets.
 The rapid monetary policy tightening in advanced economies has already resulted in large
portfolio outflows and depreciation of the rupee while high global commodity prices have led to
a widening of the current account deficit.
o However, India’s economy is relatively insulated from global spillovers compared to other
emerging markets.
o This is partly because India has a large domestic market and is relatively less exposed to
international trade flows.
SECOND SECTION
10 Tribal Development Report 2022
Released by- Bharat Rural Livelihood Foundation (BRLF)
About the report-
 The report looks at the status of tribal communities at an all-India level and in central India with
respect to livelihoods, agriculture, natural resources, economy, migration, governance, human
development, gender, health, education, art, and culture.
 It aims to inform stakeholders, including key policymakers, practitioners, activists, and academics,
to help understand the scope of tribal issues.
 It focuses on the overarching theme of livelihoods for tribal communities from central India.
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 India’s tribal communities form 8.6% of the
country’s population according to the 2011 Census.
o Central India is home to 80% of the tribal
communities in the country.
 Distress Among Tribals: Tribal areas have faced a lot
of disturbance and conflict.
o Many government welfare schemes and
policies are unable to reach in these areas.
o Tribals are at the bottom of the country’s
development pyramid even after 75 years of
independence.
 Neglect faced by tribal areas: Indigenous
communities of India have been pushed farther
away from alluvial plains and fertile river basins into
the harshest ecological regions of the country
like hills, forests, and drylands.
o Of the 257 Scheduled Tribe districts, 230 (90
per cent) are either forested or hilly or dry.
But they account for 80 per cent of
India’s tribal population.
 Lack of Development: Mapping of predominantly
Adivasi concentrated sub-districts suggests a
continuum of pockets of underdevelopment.
o Adivasi sub-districts belong to a larger contiguous backward region or Adivasi belt, which
goes beyond the frozen administrative categories of state, district and sub-district.
 Tribals are most Deprived:
o Be it sanitation, education, nutrition, access to drinking water and education, despite 70
years of independence, Adivasis are the most deprived.
 Isolation: Many tribal communities prefer isolation and silence.
o They are shy and are not going to reach out to the outside world on their own.
 Forest Conservation Act in 1980:
o After the enactment of the Forest Conservation Act in 1980, the conflict came to be seen as
between environmental protection and the needs of local Adivasi communities, driving a
wedge between people and forests.
o It was in the National Forest Policy of 1988 that domestic requirements of local people
were explicitly recognised for the very first time.
o The Policy emphasised safeguarding their customary rights and closely associating
Adivasis in the protection of forests. But the movement towards a people-oriented
perspective has not been matched by reality on the ground.
11 Review of Maritime Transport 2022

Released by- United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
 The pace of global shipping activity will decrease in 2023.
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 According to the report, global maritime trade will grow by 1.4% in 2022 and remain stable in
2023.
o This compares with estimated growth of 3.2% in 2021 and overall shipment volume of 11
billion tonnes, versus a 3.8% decline in 2020.
 For the overall 2023-2027 period, growth is predicted at an annual average of 2.1%, a slower rate
than the previous three-decade average of 3.3%.
 The report shows that between 2020 and 2021 total carbon emissions from the world maritime
fleet increased by 4.7%, with most of the increases coming from container ships, dry bulk and
general cargo vessels.
 The report also raises concern over the increasing average age of ships. By number of ships, the
current average age is 21.9 years, and by carrying capacity 11.5 years.
 It has estimated that the higher grain prices and dry bulk freight rates in early 2022 contribute to
a 1.2 per cent increase in consumer food prices.
 The container ships spent 13.7 per cent longer in port in 2021 compared to 2020, exacerbating
delays and shortages.
12 S&P Economic Outlook

Released by- S&P Global Ratings
 The report has projected India's gross domestic product (GDP) growth at 7% for FY 23 and 6% for
FY 24.
o The forecast has been lowered by 0.5 per cent for next two fiscal years on slower global
demand.
 Global activity has held up so far despite a torrid pace of policy rate hikes and consistently high
geopolitical uncertainties.
o Labour markets are key to determining the depth of the downturn.
13 Preventing Injuries and Violence – An Overview

 Of the 4.4 million injury-related deaths in 2019, unintentional injuries caused over 3.16 million
deaths and violence-related injuries caused 1.25 million deaths.
 1 in 3 of these deaths were because of road traffic crashes, 1 in 6 deaths was from suicide, 1 in 9
was because of homicide, and 1 in 61 was from war and conflict.
 Violence and injuries account for a sizable portion of global disease burden and mortality.
 Age
o In the age group 5 to 29 years, three of the top 5 causes of death are road traffic injuries,
homicide, and suicide.
o Road traffic injuries were the leading cause of death among youth aged 15 to 29 years.
271,990 youth lost their lives to road traffic injuries.
o Road traffic injuries are the second leading cause of death among children aging 5 to 14
years. Around 96,559 children in this age group died in 2019 because of road traffic
injuries.
o Drowning is the 6th leading cause of death in the age group 5 to 14 years.
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o Young people are more vulnerable to injuries and being victims or perpetrators of serious
physical violence.
o Falls accounted for over 684,000 deaths in 2019 and are a growing and under-recognised
public health issue.
o And the risk of fall-related injuries increases with age.
 Gender
o In terms of gender, men are two times more vulnerable than women to deaths every year
because of injuries and violence.
o Globally, three-quarters of deaths from road traffic injuries, four-fifths from homicide and
nearly two-thirds of deaths from conflicts and executions are among men.
o Across all ages, top three causes of death from injuries for males are road traffic injuries,
suicides and homicide. For females, the top causes are road traffic injuries, falls and
suicides.
o Women and girls are more likely to be burned than men in low- and middle-income
countries because of their exposure to unsafe cooking arrangements and energy poverty.
 Economic Backgrounds
o Poverty is a contributing factor to the increasing risk of injury and violence. Almost 90
percent of injury-related deaths happened in low and middle-income countries.
o Within all countries, economically vulnerable people are at higher risk of fatal and non-
fatal injuries than people from wealthier backgrounds.
o Across the world, injury-related death rates are higher in low-income countries than in
high income countries.
 Preventing injuries and violence will facilitate the achievement of several United Nations-
mandated Sustainable Development Goal targets.
THIRD SECTION
S. No. Name of Report Published By Highlights
 Unique Identification Authority of India

Department of (UIDAI) has once again awarded first rank
Grievance Redressal
Administrative amongst all Group A for November 2022.
1. Index (November
Reforms and Public o This is the fourth month in a row
2022)
Grievances (DARPG) when UIDAI has topped the
rankings.
 The Indian MSME sector comprising 63.4
million MSMEs, contributes 30% to India’s
GDP.
 The MSME sector has a total credit demand
of INR 69.3 trillion, growing at a CAGR of
11.5% with less than 15% of the demand
BLinC Invest MSME
being catered by formal sources.
2. Lending Report BLinC Invest
 There is a credit gap of ₹25 trillion in the
2022
MSME sector that can be potentially
addressed through emerging business
models.
 The 5 states that account for 50% of total
MSMEs in India are Uttar Pradesh (highest
number of MSMEs in India ~9Mn), West
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Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, and
Karnataka.
 Tata Consultancy Services is the biggest
employers of women in the country
o It is followed by Infosys, Wipro, HCL
Technologies and Reliance
Industries.
 Serum Institute of India has topped as the
India's most valuable company in unlisted
space followed by BYJU'S and National
2022 Burgundy Stock Exchange of India.
Axis Bank and Hurun
3. Private Hurun India  Reliance Industries (₹813 crore) has topped
India
500 the list of companies with the highest
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
spending followed by HDFC Bank and Tata
Consultancy Services (TCS), which have
spent ₹736 crore and ₹727 crore.
 The Tata Consultancy Services has emerged
as India's top largest private employers
followed by Quess Corp and Reliance
Industries.
 The rankings is topped by Singapore with a
score of 99.69 per cent followed by the UAE
and the Republic of Korea.
Aviation Safety Indian Civil Aviation  India has received its highest ever rank and
4.
Ranking 2022 Organisation (ICAO) is ranked at 48th position with score of 85.49
percent.
o India's position has jumped from
102nd spot in 2018.
 Dubai has recorded the fastest rise in prime
prices with an 88.8 per cent increase,
while Wellington was the weakest
performing market with a decline of 18 per
cent.
 Mumbai is ranked at 22nd, Bengaluru at 27th
Prime Global Cities
and New Delhi at 36th position in the latest
5. Index Q3 (July- Knight Frank
rankings.
September) 2022
o The rise in average prices
in Mumbai was recorded at 4.8 per
cent Year-on-Year (YoY), Bengaluru
(3.3 per cent YoY) and New Delhi
(1.2 per cent YoY) during the 12-
month change (Q3 2021-Q3 2022).
 Billionaires Gautam Adani, HCL
Technologies's Shiv Nadar, and Happiest
Minds Technologies' Ashok Soota are the
three Indians who have featured in the top
16th Forbes Asia’s
Asian philanthropist ranking.
6. Heros of Forbes
 Gautam Adani has pledged ₹60,000 crores
Philanthropy List
($7.7 billion), Shiv Nadar has
donated ₹11,60 crore ($142 million) and
Ashok Soota has pledged ₹600 crore (USD
75 million) in philanthropy in 2022.
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 Mumbai has become the first Indian city to be
added to the A-list in the 5th Annual Cities
Report.
o Mumbai announced detailed plans
to zero out carbon emissions by
2050.
o In the coming three decades the city
aims to cut to zero its total
5th Annual Cities Carbon Disclosure greenhouse emission which in 2019
7.
Report Project (CDP) stood at 23.42 million tons or 1.8 tons
per capita.
o Mumbai’s short-term
priorities include the purchase 2,100
electric buses by 2023 at a cost of 130
billion rupees ($1.7 billion).
 122 cities across the globe have been named
as leaders in environmental action and
transparency in 2022.
 UAE is ranked first in the rating of passports
for 2022.
 Germany, Italy, France Spain, Luxembourg,
alongwith South Korea stood on the 2nd
position.
Passport Index
8. Arton Capital  United States passport is ranked 3rd.
2022
 India has been ranked 69 in the world's
strongest passport list, and travellers can
only travel visa free to 24 nations, need a
visa on arrival for 48 others and visa for 126
countries.
 New York and Singapore (tie) are both the
most expensive cities to live in 2022.
Worldwide Cost of Economist Intelligence
9.  They are followed by Tel Aviv, Israel at 3rd
Living Index 2022 Unit (EIU)
position and Hong Kong and Los Angeles
(tie) at 4th position.
 The USA tops the list followed by China and
Japan.
 India is ranked at 5th position with 20 Indian
companies featuring in 500 most valuable
ones in the world.
o India’s rank rose from the 9th rank
to 5th rank.
o Reliance Industries is the most
2022 Hurun Global
10. Hurun valuable company in India at $202
500 List
billion valuation, by Tata
Consultancy Services with $139
billion valuation and HDFC Bank
with $97 billion valuation.
 Reliance Industries and Tata Consultancy
Services are the only two Indian companies
to feature in the top 100 list with rank of 34
and 65 respectively.
*************
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Reports and
Indices
16th to 31st December
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Contents
FIRST SECTION .....................................................................................................................................................19
14 Social Progress Index (SPI) ......................................................................................................................19
15 Striving for Clean Air: Air Pollution and Public Health in South Asia ...................................................20
16 The Future of Food and Agriculture: Drivers and Triggers for Food Transformation ........................20
17 Global Trade Update (December 2022) ..................................................................................................21
18 World Malaria Report 2022 .....................................................................................................................21
19 Toolkit on Enabling Gender Responsive Urban Mobility and Public Spaces in India..........................21
20 World Bank Migration and Development Brief 2022 – Remittances Brave Global Headwinds, Special
Focus: Climate Migration......................................................................................................................................22
21 Coal 2022: Analysis and forecast to 2025 ...............................................................................................22
22 Mental Health and Well Being of School Students Survey .....................................................................23
23 2022 in Nine Charts ..................................................................................................................................23
24 Financing India’s Electric Two and Three-Wheeler Fleets ....................................................................24
25 State of Global Water Resource Report 2021 .........................................................................................25
26 Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) Report 2022 .......................25
SECOND SECTION .................................................................................................................................................26
27 National Science Foundation (NSF)’s Science and Engineering Indicators 2022................................26
28 Global Food Security Index (2022) .........................................................................................................26
29 Road Accidents in India - 2021 ................................................................................................................27
30 Despite Higher Inflows, FDI Still Highly Skewed in Terms of States and Sectors ................................27
31 India Skills Report 2023 ...........................................................................................................................27
32 India Digital Payment Report Q3 (July-September 2022) .....................................................................28
THIRD SECTION ....................................................................................................................................................28
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FIRST SECTION
14 Social Progress Index (SPI)

Released by- Institute of Competitiveness and Social Progress Imperative
About the report-
 The index measures the Social Progress made by the country at the national and sub-national
levels.
 It assesses states and districts on 12 components across three critical dimensions of social
progress - Basic Human Needs, Foundations of Wellbeing, and Opportunity.
 Based on the SPI scores, states and districts have been ranked under six tiers of social progress,
which are
o Tier 1: Very High Social Progress
o Tier 2: High Social Progress
o Tier 3: Upper Middle Social Progress
o Tier 4: Lower Middle Social Progress
o Tier 5: Low Social Progress
o Tier 6: Very Low Social Progress

 Puducherry has the highest SPI score of 65.99 in the country, followed by Lakshadweep and Goa
with scores of 65.89 and 65.53, respectively.
o These states and union territories were categorized under Tier 1.
 Jharkhand and Bihar scored the lowest, 43.95 and 44.47, respectively.
o They were categorized in Tier 6.
 District wise: Aizawl (Mizoram), Solan (Himachal Pradesh) and Shimla (Himachal Pradesh) have
emerged as the top 3 best-performing districts.
 Aspirational District Programme (ADP): Around 27 out of 112 districts under the ADP have scored
above the national average on the SPI.
 Human Needs Dimension: The top performing states in the Water and Sanitation and Shelter
components are Goa, Puducherry, Lakshadweep, and Chandigarh.
o Goa scored the highest in the Water and Sanitation component, followed by Kerala.
o Chandigarh and Nagaland were the top performers for the shelter and personal safety
components.
 Foundation of Wellbeing dimension: The top performers are Mizoram, Himachal Pradesh, Ladakh,
and Goa.
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o Within the dimension, Punjab scored the highest in the Access to Basic Knowledge
component and Delhi (71.30) is the top performer in the Access to ICT component.
o Rajasthan scored the highest in the Health and Wellness component and the top three
states with in the Environmental Quality component: Mizoram, Nagaland, and Meghalaya.
 Opportunity Dimension: Tamil Nadu (72) scored the highest in the opportunity dimension. Sikkim
was the top performer in Inclusiveness, and Andaman and Nicobar Islands scored the highest for
the Personal Rights component.
o In this dimension, Puducherry scored the highest in two components – Personal Freedom
and Choice and Access to Advanced Education.
15 Striving for Clean Air: Air Pollution and Public Health in South Asia
Released by- World Bank Group (WBG)
 Nine out of the world’s 10 cities with the worst air pollution are in South Asia.
 Airsheds: Six large airsheds exist in South Asia, where the air quality in one can affect the air quality
in another.
 Dominant Sources of Air Pollution:
o Large industries, power plants and vehicles are dominant sources of air pollution around
the world, but in South Asia, other sources make substantial additional contributions such
as combustion of solid fuels for cooking and heating, emissions from small industries such
as brick kilns etc.
16 The Future of Food and Agriculture: Drivers and Triggers for Food
Transformation
Released by- Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
 The world is expected to witness persistent food insecurity, degradation of resources, and
unsustainable economic growth in the future if the necessary changes are not made in the agrifood
system.
 It is unlikely to meet the 2030 sustainable development goals, including agrifood targets.
 By 2050, there will be 10 billion people in the world to feed.
 The report hypothesised four future scenarios for agrifood systems that would bring diverse
outcomes in terms of food security, nutritional security and overall sustainability. These scenarios
are:
o ‘More of the same’ – it considers the continuation of piecemeal solutions and reactions to
crises.
o ‘Adjusted future’ – a scenario where some steps are taken to ensure sustainable agrifood
systems at a slow pace.
o ‘Race to the bottom’ – it depicts the world in disarray in the worst version of itself.
o ‘Trading off for sustainability’ – short-term GPD growth is sacrificed to make agrifood,
socioeconomic and environmental systems more inclusive, resilient and sustainable.
 It identified 18 interconnected socio-economic and environmental forces called drivers.
 The main drivers are poverty and inequalities; geopolitical instability; scarcity; the degradation of
resources and climate change whose management will influence the future of agrifood systems.
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17 Global Trade Update (December 2022)
Released by- United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD)
 Global trade growth turns negative, following a record year.
 Global trade is set to reach almost US$32 trillion for 2022, increasing by about 12 per cent, but its
growth has turned negative during the second half of 2022.
 Trade in merchandise goods soared to $25 trillion, an increase of about 10% versus the prior year.
 Trade in services grew 15 per cent year-over-year to nearly $7 trillion.
 Demand for foreign goods proved resilient throughout 2022, with trade volumes increasing by 3
per cent.
18 World Malaria Report 2022

 Deaths due to Malaria:
o High-burden malaria countries maintained a strong front against the disease in 2021
despite the Covid-19 pandemic, with cases and deaths stabilising.
o While deaths came down to 619,000 in 2021 from 625,000 in the first year of the pandemic
(remained higher than pre-pandemic level of 568,000 deaths in 2019).
 Trend of Malaria Cases:
o For Malaria cases, the upward trend continued but at a slower rate — 247 million cases in
2021, compared to 245 million cases in 2020 and 232 million in 2019.
 Scenario of High Burden Countries:
o Among the 11 high-burden countries, the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ghana, India,
Niger and United Republic of Tanzania recorded decline in deaths.
 Control Tools used by Countries:
o Insecticide-treated bednets (ITNs) are the key vector control tool used by endemic
countries.
o Prevalence of Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Pregnancy (IPTP) has remained
consistent in 2021 as compared to 2020.
 Africa, which accounted for 95% of the cases and 96% of deaths at the global level in 2021,
continues to be the worst affected.
 WHO Global technical strategy for malaria 2016–2030 sought to reduce malaria case incidence and
mortality rate by at least 40% by 2020, at least 75% by 2025 and at least 90% by 2030 against a
2015 baseline.
 Malaria case incidence was 48% off track in 2021, during which 59 cases per 1,000 people were
at risk, higher than the target of 31. Death incidence was also 48% off track (14.8 in 2021 against
a target of 7.8). If this trend persists, the world will be 88% off target in its fight to eliminate
malaria.
 It is estimated that the total investment into malaria about USD 3.5 billion was less than half of
what was needed to dramatically reduce its impact.
19 Toolkit on Enabling Gender Responsive Urban Mobility and Public Spaces in India
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About the report-
 The report provides analysis on the travelling pattern of men and women travel.

 Women are amongst the biggest users of public transport in India, and around 84% of women's
trips were estimated to be by public transport.
 45.4% of women go to work by foot versus 27.4% of men.
 Indian public transport services are not traditionally designed keeping in mind women's safety.
Therefore, this has resulted in fewer women going to work.
o India has amongst the lowest female labour force participation rates globally, at 22.8% in
2019-20.
 Prevailing issues in urban transport for women in India
o Safety concerns: Lack of safety and the lack of a perception of safety are a major
impediment for women when it comes to accessing public transport in India.
o A vicious cycle: Unsafe transport leads to fewer women travelling out.
o Pink tax: Women often face higher costs of travelling as compared to men, which makes
urban mobility a burden for them.
20 World Bank Migration and Development Brief 2022 – Remittances Brave Global
Headwinds, Special Focus: Climate Migration
About the report-
 The report analyses trends in migration-related SDG indicators: increasing the volume of
remittances as a percentage of GDP, reducing remittance costs, and reducing recruitment costs.

 Remittances to the low- and middle-income countries increased by nearly 5% to around 626 billion
USD in 2022. This is less than 10.2% increase in 2021.
o This growth is expected to slow further to around 2 per cent in 2023.
 The top five countries to receive highest remittance inflow in 2022 are India, Mexico, China, the
Philippines, and Egypt.
India specific findings of the report-

 India will receive a record 100 billion USD in 2022 in remittances.
o This is a 12% increase in remittance flow to India (from $89.4 billion in 2021).
 India’s remittance flows are expected to account for only 3% of its GDP in 2022.
21 Coal 2022: Analysis and forecast to 2025

About the report-
 The report is the global benchmark for coal demand, supply and trade forecasts.
 It provides coal-related predictions for the year 2025 by region and by coal grade.
22 | P a g e
 India and China are the largest producers, consumers, and importers of coal and are the only two
countries in the world that witnessed a surge in investment in coal mine assets.
 India’s own coal production will surpass a billion tonnes by 2025, as India’s
coal consumption has doubled since 2007 at an annual growth rate of 6 per cent.
 Global coal demand has reached eight billion tonnes this year.
 While coal usage in China remains high, the increase in renewable energy generation is expected
to cause coal consumption to remain relatively stagnant at an average of 0.7 percent per annum
until 2025.
22 Mental Health and Well Being of School Students Survey

Released by- Ministry of Education and National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT)
About the report-
 The survey was undertaken to explore the perception of students with regard to their mental
health.
 A total of 3,79,842 students took part in this study, of which 1,58,581 were from the middle stage
(VI-VIII), and 2,21,261 were from the secondary stage of education (IX-XII).
 The survey provides results of the broad themes across four major school types in India- Kendriya
Vidyalayas (KVs), Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalayas (JNVs), State Government schools (SGS), and
Private Schools (PS).

 The overall results show that students are satisfied with their school experience.
 More than 58% reported having people with whom they can share and discuss their feelings and
nearly half of the respondents preferred sharing with friends as a coping strategy.
 Nearly one-fourth chose yoga and meditation as a preferred coping strategy, while another
quarter felt that changing the thought process is an ideal strategy.
 Around half of them reported to being able to understand others and respond accordingly, thereby
showing emotional understanding. For most students, their academics are reported to be causing
them anxiety.
 On the impact of COVID-19, 43% of respondents reported facing no difficulties at home since the
outbreak of COVID-19.
 Around forty percent reported a change in their sleeping patterns due to COVID-19. Around half
of them reported difficulty in learning content online, while forty percent reported
technical/network issues during online learning.
23 2022 in Nine Charts

About the report-
 The report sums up the challenges faced in the world in 2022 in 9 charts.

 Global Poverty: At the end of 2022, the world is experiencing the “steepest slowdown” since 1970.
Currently, 685 million people are living in extreme poverty.
o This makes 2022 the second-worst year for poverty reduction in the past 20 years after
the year 2020.
23 | P a g e
o Around 7 percent of the global population (574 million people) will live in extreme poverty
by 2030.
 Debt Crisis: In the last one year, the debt crises have exacerbated in the developed countries.
o Currently, 60 percent of the world’s poorest countries are either in debt distress or at risk
of it.
 Energy Crisis: The global progress towards achieving universal access to affordable energy by
2030 has slowed down because of the shocks in the energy market in the first half of 2022.
o Currently, 733 million people do not have access to electricity. By the end of this decade,
over 670 million people will remain without access to electricity. This figure is 10 million
higher than the 660 million predicted by the World Bank in 2021.
 Learning Poverty: The progress made in learning poverty since the year 2000 have been reversed,
especially in low and middle-income countries.
o According to the report, of every 100 children in low and middle-income countries, 60 are
“learning deprived” and 10 are deprived of schools.
 Slowing Growth: The confluence of crises that defined 2022 continues to hamper global growth.
The global economy is now in its steepest slowdown following a post-recession recovery since
1970 - with global consumer confidence already suffering a much sharper decline than during the
run-up to previous global recessions.
o The world’s three largest economies—the United States, China, and the euro area—have
been sharply slowing.
 A Continuing Response to COVID-19: The World Bank Group is the single largest funder of the
global COVID-19 health response, having committed over $14 billion in more than 100 countries
- including more than 30 countries impacted by fragility, conflict, and violence.
 Rising Food and Fertilizer Insecurity and Food Inflation: 2022 was marked by a drastic rise in food
insecurity around the globe. The war in Ukraine, high inflation, supply chain disruptions, and the
global economic downturn all combined to drive large price increases for many agriculture
products and inputs, such as fertilizers.
o The World Bank Group has made $30 billion available to address food insecurity over a
period of 15 months.
o In fiscal year 2022, there was $9.6 billion in new IBRD/IDA commitments to agriculture
and related sectors
 Ramping up Climate Investment: The World Bank Group stepped up its support to help countries
address climate and development needs together: delivering a record $31.7 billion in climate
finance, the most ever in a single year in its history.
 Stepping up to Ensure the Poorest are Not Left Behind: The new $93 billion IDA20 package to help
countries respond to the multiple overlapping crises and build a greener, more resilient, and
inclusive future.
24 Financing India’s Electric Two and Three-Wheeler Fleets

Released by- World Economic Forum, in collaboration with NITI Aayog
About the report-
 The report provides for how much it will cost in electrifying India’s two and three wheeler
vehicles.
24 | P a g e
 The complete electrification of India's entire fleet of two and three-wheelers require financing to
the tune of $285 billion (nearly ₹23 lakh crore).
o There are about 45 certified vehicle manufacturers of electric two-and three-wheelers in
India and the cumulative sales of these vehicles have reached an impressive 10 lakh units.
o It is projected that the overall stock of two and three-wheelers will grow to 27 crores.
o Capital cost for its transition to electric is calculated based on an average two-wheeler
vehicle cost of $1,000 (over ₹81,000) for 26.4 crore two-wheelers and an average three-
wheeler cost of $3,500 (₹2.8 lakh) for 60 lakh three-wheelers (across vehicle categories,
excluding e-rickshaws), bringing the overall capital cost to approximately $285 billion.
 In India, 2-wheelers and 3-wheelers account for over 80% of vehicle sales.
25 State of Global Water Resource Report 2021

Released by- World Meteorological Organization (WMO)
About the report-
 Aim: to support monitoring and management of global freshwater resources.
 The report focuses on three major areas:
o Streamflow, the volume of water flowing through a river channel at any given time.
o Terrestrial water storage (TWS): all water on the land surface and in the sub-surface.
o The cryosphere (frozen water).

 Overview:
o Between 2001 and 2018, UN-Water reported that a staggering 74% of all natural disasters
were water related.
o 3.6 billion people have inadequate access to water at least one month per year and this is
expected to increase to more than five billion by 2050.
o The area with below-average streamflow was approximately two times larger than the
above-average area.
 The Ganga-Brahmaputra and Indus basins, recorded more water flowing in the river channels due
to glacial melt even as their total water storage declined in 2021.
26 Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) Report

2022
About the report-
 The report provides analyses for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) rates in the context of national
testing coverage, AMR trends since 2017, and data on antimicrobial consumption in humans in
27 countries.
 The report achieved participation from 127 countries (72% of the world’s population).

 The report shows high levels (above 50%) of resistance were reported in bacteria
frequently causing bloodstream infections in hospitals, such as Klebsiella
pneumoniae and Acinetobacter spp.
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 Over 60% of Neisseria gonorrhoea infections, a common sexually transmitted disease, show
resistance to ciprofloxacin, one of the most widely used oral antibacterials.
 In terms of antibiotic consumption, 65% of 27 reporting countries met WHO’s target of ensuring
that at least 60% of antimicrobials are first or second-line treatments.
SECOND SECTION
27 National Science Foundation (NSF)’s Science and Engineering Indicators 2022
Released by- National Science Foundation (NSF)
About the report-
 It provides analysis on the global scientific publications and ranks the countries.

 India's position globally in scientific publications, has improved from 7th position in 2010 to 3rd
position in 2020.
 India's scholarly output increased from 60,555 papers in 2010 to 1,49,213 papers in 2020.
 India now ranks 3rd in terms of number of PhDs in science and engineering.
 The number of patents granted to Indian scientists at India Patent Office (IPO) in last 3-years has
increased from 2,511 in 2018-19 to 4,003 in 2019-20 and 5,629 in 2020-21.
28 Global Food Security Index (2022)

Released by- The Economist
About the report-
 It considers the issues of food affordability, availability, quality and safety, and sustainability and
adaptation across a set of 113 countries.
 It has been constructed from 68 unique indicators that measure the drivers of food security across
both developing and developed countries.

 Top 3 countries
Rank Country Score

1 Finland 83.7
2 Ireland 81.7
3 Norway 80.5
 In 2022, 8 of the top 10 performing countries are in Europe.
o The non-European countries in the top 10 list are Japan and Canada.
 South Africa (59th position), was recognized as the most food-secure country in Africa.
India specific findings of the report-

 India is ranked at 68th position along with Algeria with the overall score of 58.9.
 India was ranked at 71st position in the Global Food Security (GFS) Index 2021 with an overall
score of 57.2.
26 | P a g e
29 Road Accidents in India - 2021
Released by- Union Ministry of Road, Transport and Highways
About the report-
 It provides comprehensive insights about road accidents happening within the country to assist
in creating awareness, formulating suitable policies, and making informed decisions to improve
road safety.

 In 2021, there were 4,12,432 incidents of road accidents. These incidents have caused nearly 1.54
lakh deaths and injured over 3.84 lakh individuals.
 In 2020, India witnessed an unprecedented decline in the number of road accidents, fatalities and
injuries due to the pandemic-led lockdowns and containment measures.
 Major indicators related to road accidents have performed well in 2021 when compared with
2019. These indicators are:
o Road accidents declined by 8.1 percent
o Number of injuries fell by 14.8 percent
 Number of fatalities caused by road accidents has increased by 1.9% in 2021, when compared to
the same period in 2019.
30 Despite Higher Inflows, FDI Still Highly Skewed in Terms of States and Sectors
Released by- India Ratings and Research
 India’s share in global foreign direct investments (FDIs) was just 0.71% in 2001. It had increased
steadily to 6.65% in 2020 before dropping to 2.83% in 2021.
 In India, the FDI inflow is still tilted in favour of the services sector.
 Services sector FDI increased to $153.01 billion during April 2014 to March 2022 from $80.51
billion during April 2000 to March 2014, while the increase in manufacturing was at $94.32 billion
as against $77.11 billion.
o Services sector also accounted for highest share in FDI between 2000-2014.
 In 2014, India had unveiled a flagship programme called 'Make in India' to facilitate investments
across sectors.
 Computer software and hardware have done well, where the FDI increased to $72.7 billion during
April 2014 to March 2022, from just $12.8 billion (April 2000 to March 2014).
 India has done well among emerging market economies in terms of attracting FDI, with its share
increasing to 6.65% in 2020 and declining due to the impact of COVID to 2.83% in 2021.
 Four States - Maharashtra (27.5%), Karnataka (23.9%), Gujarat (19.1%) and (Delhi 12.4%) –
collectively accounted for 83% of the FDI between October 2019 and March 2022.
31 India Skills Report 2023

Released by- Wheebox
About the report-
27 | P a g e
 The report came because of the evaluation of 3.75 lakh candidates or freshers who took the
Wheebox National Employability Test (WNET) across India and the participation in the Early
Career Edition of the India Hiring Intent Survey.

 The last one year witnessed an increase in the employability of Indians.
 50.3% of the candidates were employable, a significant increase from 46.2% last year.
 Among the domains, B Com, MBA and B Pharm graduates were the most employable.
 Graduates in the fields of Polytechnic and MCA were the least employable.
 52.8% of women workforce are employable, higher than the 47.2% of employable men.
 Current share of women in Indian workforce is 33%, lesser than that of males at 67%.
 Rajasthan has the highest percentage of employable females who are prepared for the workforce
(53.5 percent).
 The hiring of freshers in BFSI, pharmaceutical, e-commerce, and IT sectors industries is expected
to surge by 20 percent in 2023, when compared to 2022.
 Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra and Delhi are expected to have the most employable talent in 2023.
 India currently has more than 749 million internet users expected to hit over 900 million users in
the next 5 years, making it the second largest and fastest-growing nation in terms of internet
literacy as the Metaverse ushers in a new era of technology.
o Currently, 43% of India’s population has access to the internet and uses internet services
regularly.
 Bangalore city remains the most preferred city to work for most male and female candidates going
into 2023.
32 India Digital Payment Report Q3 (July-September 2022)

Released by- Worldline
 More than 23 billion digital payment transactions worth ₹38.32 lakh crore were carried out in July-
September 2022 through UPI, debit and credit cards, prepaid payment instruments like mobile
wallets.
 Mumbai, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh are the top five states that recorded
the highest number of digital transactions while Bangalore topped the list of cities.
THIRD SECTION
 A total of 1,668 journalists have been killed

worldwide in connection with their work in
the last two decades (2003-2022).
RSF Press Freedom Reporters Without  The annual death tolls peaked in 2012 and
11.
Barometer Borders 2013 with 144 and 142 journalists killed,
respectively.
 The two countries with the highest death
tolls are Iraq and Syria, with a combined
28 | P a g e
total of 578 journalists killed in the past 20
years.
 Afghanistan is now counted amongst the top
8-countries worst hit by hunger.
 The number of people facing hunger in
Save the Children Afghanistan increased from 2.25 million
12. Save the Children
Report on Hunger people in 2019 to 6.6 million in 2022.
 The 8-countries include Afghanistan, the
Central African Republic, DRC, Haiti,
Somalia, South Sudan, Sudan, and Yemen.
 More than 50% of people in India prefer
using an EMI card or any credit card for
shopping over paying right away.
 40 per cent of the borrowers said they
wanted to be financially educated in fields
like personal finance from renowned
How India Borrows
13. Home Credit India organisations.
2022
 60 per cent of the borrowers, mainly
millennials or Gen Z from the tier 1 and tier
2 cities showed interest in ‘embedded
finance’ which involves e-commerce
shopping to be converted into EMIs for
affordable financing.
 USA has topped the table, followed by China,
Germany, Japan and India.
 India is expected to become the third
economic superpower by 2037 and a 10
trillion USD economy by 2035.
o India will jump in the global ranking
Centre for Economics
World Economic from the present fifth.
14. and Business Research
League Table 2023  Over the next five years, India’s GDP growth
(CEBR)
is expected to average 6.4% each year. After
this, the GDP is expected to grow at an
average of 6.5 percent in the subsequent 9
years.
 The economic growth is estimated to be at
6.8 percent in 2022-23.
 Overall, globally, the sales of arms and
military services by the 100 largest
companies reached $592 billion in 2021, a
1.9 per cent increase.
Top 100 arms Stockholm
 US has the largest number of companies in
producing and International Peace
15. the top 100 ranking for making arms,
military services Research Institute
weapons and military equipments.
companies, 2021 (SIPRI)
 Two Indian military equipment-making
companies, namely Hindustan Aeronautics
(ranked 42nd) and Bharat Electronics
(ranked 63rd) are part of the ranking.
Report on  Only 10 ICs provided full information in
Performance of response to the RTI applications filed as
Satark Nagrik
16. Information part of this assessment.
Sangathan
Commissions (ICs) o These included Andhra Pradesh,
in India for 2021-22 Haryana, Jharkhand and
29 | P a g e
northeastern States of Sikkim,
Nagaland and Tripura.
 The State Information Commission of Tamil
Nadu is the worst performing as far as
responsiveness under the RTI Act is
concerned, furnishing only 14% of the
information sought.
*************
30 | P a g e
January - 2023
1|Page
Contents
FIRST SECTION ...................................................................................................................................................... 4
1 Global Risk Report 2023 ........................................................................................................................ 4
2 Rural Health Statistics 2021-22............................................................................................................ 5
3 Global Economic Prospects Report 2023 .......................................................................................... 7
4 Levels and trends in child mortality 2022 ......................................................................................... 8
5 Annual Statement on Climate of India 2022 ................................................................................... 10
6 World Social Report 2023: Leaving no one behind in an ageing world. .................................. 11
SECOND SECTION ............................................................................................................................................... 12
7 Public Enterprise Survey 2021-22 ..................................................................................................... 12
8 Working Time and Work Life Balance Around the World............................................................. 13
9 NCAP Tracker Report............................................................................................................................ 14
10 Survival of the Richest ...................................................................................................................... 15
11 FSSAI Survey on Dietary Supplements ........................................................................................ 16
THIRD SECTION ................................................................................................................................................... 16
Reports and Indices 16th to 31st January ............................................................................................... 20
2|Page
Reports and
Indices
1 to 15 January
st th
3|Page
FIRST SECTION
1 Global Risk Report 2023

Released by- World Economic Forum (WEF)
About the report-
• The 18th edition of report is an annual study which describes changes occurring in the
global landscape from year to year.
• The report examines risks across five categories: economic, environmental,
geopolitical, societal, and technological.
• ‘Failure to Mitigate Climate Change’ and ‘Failure of Climate Change Adaptation’ are the
two most severe risks facing the world in the next decade, followed by ‘natural disasters
and extreme weather events’ and ‘Biodiversity loss and ecosystem collapse’.
o Today, atmospheric levels of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide have
all reached record highs.
o Emission trajectories make it very unlikely that global ambitions to limit warming
to 1.5°C will be achieved.
• The cost-of-living crisis, natural disasters and extreme weather events, geoeconomic
confrontation, failure to mitigate climate change and large-scale environmental damage
incidents, among others are the biggest risks globally over short term (2 years).
• Beyond the short term, climate change is the biggest risk that the global economy faces,
and it is the challenge for which humanity is least prepared.
• Geopolitical rivalries and inward-looking stances will heighten economic constraints and
further exacerbate both short- and long-term risks, adding that the pandemic and war
in Europe have brought energy, inflation, food and security crises back to the fore.
• The risks have been amplified by comparatively new developments in the global
landscape, including unsustainable levels of debt, a new era of low growth, low global
investment and de-globalization, a decline in human development after decades of
progress, rapid and unconstrained development of dual-use (civilian and military)
technologies, and the growing pressure of climate change impacts.
• These create follow-on risks that will dominate the next two years: the risk of recession;
growing debt distress; a continued cost of living crisis; polarised societies enabled by
disinformation and misinformation; a hiatus on rapid climate action; and zero-sum geo-
economic warfare.
• Over the next 10 years or by 2033, the interconnections between biodiversity loss,
pollution, natural resource consumption, climate change and socioeconomic drivers will
make for a dangerous mix.
• Nature loss and climate change are intrinsically interlinked – a failure in one sphere will
cascade into the other.
o Without significant policy change or investment, the interplay between climate
change impacts, biodiversity loss, food security and natural resource
consumption will accelerate ecosystem collapse, threaten food supplies and
4|Page
livelihoods in climate-vulnerable economies, amplify the impacts of natural
disasters, and limit further progress on climate mitigation.
• A cost of living crisis, digital inequality, geopolitical contest for resources, natural
disasters and extreme weather events are the biggest risks for India over the short and
medium term.
2 Rural Health Statistics 2021-22

Released by- Ministry of Health and Family Welfare
About the report-
5|Page
• It is a vital source of information on health infrastructure and human resources available
in the public health institutions of all States/UTs.
• It also facilitates identification of additional resources for better management of public
health delivery system.

• As on 31st March, 2022, there are 157935 and 3894 Sub Centres (SC), 24935 and 6118
Primary Health Centres (PHCs) and 5480 and 584 Community Health Centres (CHCs)
respectively which are functioning in rural and urban areas of the country.
• Sub Centres (SCs)
o At national level, there is an increase of 11909 numbers of SCs from the year 2005.
o The significant increase in SCs has been observed in the States of Rajasthan
(3011), Gujarat (1858), Madhya Pradesh (1413) and Chhattisgarh (1306).
o There are 3894 Sub Centres in the urban areas and 25383 Sub Centres in the
tribal areas as on 31st March 2022.
• Primary Health Centres (PHCs)
o At national level, there is an increase of 1699 PHCs in 2022 with comparison to
the year 2005.
o The increase in PHCs from year 2005 has been observed in the States of Jammu
& Kashmir (557), Karnataka (457), Rajasthan (420), Gujarat (404) and Assam
(310).
o There are 6118 PHCs in the urban areas and 3833 PHCs in the tribal areas as on
31st March 2022.
• Community Health Centres (CHCs)
o At national level, there is increase of 2134 number of CHCs from the year 2005.
o The increase in CHCs from year 2005 has been observed in the States of Uttar
Pradesh (443), Tamil Nadu (350), Rajasthan (290), West Bengal (253) and Bihar
(168).
o There are 584 CHCs in the urban areas and 960 CHCs in the tribal areas as on
31st March 2022.
• Changes on the Manpower position (Rural Areas)
o The number of ANMs at Sub Centres and PHCs has increased from 133194 in
2005 to 207587 in 2022 which amounts to an increase of about 55.9%.
o As on 31st March, 2022 the overall shortfall (which excludes the existing surplus
in some of the States) in the posts of HW(F) / ANM is 3.5% of the total requirement
as per the norm of one HW(F) / ANM per Sub Centre and PHC.
o There is vacancy of 14.4% HW (Female)/ ANM (at SCs +PHCs) when compared
with the sanctioned posts.
o The allopathic doctors at PHCs have increased from 20308 in 2005 to 30640 in
2022, which is about 50.9% increase. There is shortfall of 3.1% of allopathic
doctors at PHC, out of the total requirement at all India level.
o The specialist doctors at CHCs have increased from 3550 in 2005 to 4485 in
2022.
o Moreover, as compared to requirement for existing infrastructure, there is a
shortfall of 83.2% of Surgeons, 74.2% of Obstetricians & Gynecologists, 79.1% of
Physicians and 81.6% of Pediatricians.
6|Page
▪ Overall, there is a shortfall of 79.5% specialists at the CHCs as compared
to the requirement for existing CHCs.
o In addition to the specialists, about 17348 General Duty Medical Officers (GDMOs)
Allopathic and 661 AYUSH Specialists along with 2971 GDMO AYUSH is also
available at CHCs as on 31st March, 2022.
o In addition to this, there are 696 Anaesthetists and 228 Eye Surgeons are also at
CHCs as on 31st March 2022.
o A total of 1275 Sub Divisional/Sub District Hospital and 767 District Hospitals
(DHs) are functioning as on 31st March, 2022 throughout the country.
▪ There are 18643 & 29817 doctors and 45992 & 95444 paramedical staffs
are available at SDH and DH respectively.
o There are total of 134224, 184175, 109937, 162749 and 224679 numbers of beds
available at the level of PHC, CHC, SDH, DH and MC.
• Changes on the Manpower position (Urban Areas)
o 21501 Health Worker (Female)/ANM is in-positioned at PHCs. There is 13.4%
posts vacant and shortfall of 35.5% of HW (F)/ANM at PHC, out of the total
requirement at all India level.
o There are 7315 Allopathic Doctors, 5029 Pharmacists, 4361 Laboratory
Technicians and 9467 Nursing Staff are available at PHCs.
o A total of 1278 Specialists (Surgeons, OB&GY, Physicians & Paediatricians), 1568
General Duty Medical Officers (GDMOs) – Allopathic, 358 Radiographers, 840
Pharmacists, 902 Laboratory Technicians and 6121 Nursing Staff are in-
positioned at CHCs.
3 Global Economic Prospects Report 2023

About the report-
• It is issued twice a year, in January and June.
• It aims to examine global economic developments and prospects with a special focus
on emerging markets and developing economies.
• The global economy is projected to grow by 1.7% in 2023 and 2.7% in 2024.
• The downturn in growth is expected to be widespread, with forecasts in 2023 revised
down for 95% of advanced economies and nearly 70% of emerging market and
developing economies.
• Over the next two years, per-capita income growth in emerging market and developing
economies is projected to average 2.8%, a full percentage point lower than the 2010-
2019 average.
• Growth in advanced economies is projected to slow from 2.5% in 2022 to 0.5% in 2023.
• Recession Expectation: Global economy will come “perilously close” to a recession this
year, led by weaker growth in all the world’s top economies – the United States, Europe
and China.
7|Page
• Factor Pushing Recession: New development such as higher-than-expected inflation,
abrupt rises in interest rates to contain it, a resurgence of the COVID-19 pandemic, or
escalating geopolitical tensions—could push the global economy into recession.
• Slowdown in the global economy and rising uncertainty will weigh on export and
investment growth.
• Challenges for emerging market and developing economies: They might struggle with
heavy debt burdens, weak currencies and income growth, and slowing business
investment.
o The rising interest rates in developed economies like the United States and
Europe will attract investment capital from poorer countries, thereby depriving
them of crucial domestic investment.
• Impact on Human Development: Weakness in growth and business investment
will compound the already devastating reversals in education, health, poverty and
infrastructure and the increasing demands from climate change.
• High Commodity Prices: War-induced energy price shock could prove enduring, with oil
prices expected to remain well above their pre-pandemic level throughout the next three
years.
• Steep rises in food prices brought on by war-related disruptions to grain, energy, and
fertilizer markets have squeezed living standards.
• Indian economic growth is projected to slow from 8.7% in FY2021/22 to 6.9% in

FY2022/23.
• Indian economy is expected to grow at 6.6% in the fiscal year 2023-24.
• India is expected to be the fastest-growing economy of the seven largest developing
economies (EMDEs).
4 Levels and trends in child mortality 2022

Released by- United Nations Inter-Agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation (UN
IGME)
About the report-
• The report provides analysis on the child mortality rate around the globe.
• Data Related to Mortality:
o Globally, 5 million children died before their fifth birthday (under-five mortality) in
2021.
o Over half of these (2.7 million) occurred among children aged 1-59 months, while
the remainder (2.3 million) occurred in just the first month of life (neonatal
deaths).
o India’s share in these child mortalities was estimated around 7 lakhs under-five
deaths; 5.8 lakhs infant deaths (death before first birthday); and 4.4 lakhs
neonatal deaths.
• Decline in Mortality Rate:
8|Page
o The global under-5 mortality rate fell by 50% since the start of the century, while
mortality rates in older children and youth dropped by 36%, and the stillbirth rate
decreased by 35%.
o This can be attributed to more investments in strengthening primary health
systems to benefit women, children and young people.
o However, gains have reduced significantly since 2010, and 54 countries will fall
short of meeting the Sustainable Development Goals target for under-5 mortality.
o However, swift action for health services is needed, or almost 59 million children
and youth may die before 2030 and nearly 16 million babies will be lost to stillbirth.
• Globally, the under-five mortality rate was 38 deaths per 1,000 live births in 2021, but in
sub-Saharan Africa, the rate was 74 deaths per 1,000 live births.
o In low-income countries, the 2021 under-five mortality rate was 67 deaths per
1,000 live births, versus just 5 deaths per 1,000 live births in high-income
countries.
o Sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia continue to have the highest rates of child
mortality, with children born in sub-Saharan Africa having the lowest chances of
surviving.
• More than 80 per cent of under-five deaths and about 70 per cent of all deaths among
5–24-year-olds occurred in sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Asia.
• Access to Quality Health:
o Access to and availability of quality health care continues to be a matter of life or
death for children globally.
o The first 28 days of life remain the most critical period for child survival. In 2021,
approximately 2.3 million children died during the first month of life, or about
6,400 babies every day.
o For these youngest babies, premature birth and complications during labour are
the leading causes of death.
• For children that survive past their first 28 days, infectious diseases
like pneumonia, diarrhoea and malaria pose the biggest threat, the global health agency
found.
• Conflict and emergencies, including the COVID-19 pandemic, continue to pose a
significant threat to child survival.
o In 2021, the under-five mortality rate in countries classified as fragile and conflict-
affected was triple the rate in other countries.
o While there is currently no systematic evidence of excess child mortality due to
COVID-19, continued monitoring is needed given the potential impact of the
pandemic on access to healthcare and intervention provision.
• Without urgent action, 54 countries will not meet the under-five mortality target by 2030
and an even larger number – 63 countries – will miss the neonatal mortality target.
• Report on Stillbirth:
o Globally, an estimated 1.9 million stillbirths happened in 2021.
o In 2021, the absolute estimated number of stillbirths in India (2,86,482) was
greater than the death amongst children in 1-59 months of age (2,67,565).
o A baby who dies any time after 22 weeks of pregnancy, but before or during the
birth, is classified as a stillborn.
• Preterm Births (Children born before 37 weeks of pregnancy are completed):
9|Page
o This is a challenge because these ‘preterm babies’ are two to four times at higher
risk of death after birth in comparison to those born after 37 weeks of gestation.
• Globally, one in every 10 births is preterm; in India, one in every six to seven births is
preterm.
o India has a high burden of preterm births, which means newborns in the country
are at greater risk of complications and mortality.
• Though sub-Saharan Africa had just 29 per cent of global live births, the region
accounted for 56 per cent of all under-five deaths in 2021 and southern Asia for 26 per
cent of the total.
• Mothers in sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia also endure the painful loss of babies to
stillbirth at an exceptional rate, with 77 per cent of all stillbirths in 2021 occurring in sub-
Saharan Africa and South Asia.
• Similarly, more than 40 per cent of stillbirths occur during labour — most of which are
preventable when women have access to quality care throughout pregnancy and birth.
5 Annual Statement on Climate of India 2022

Released by- Indian Meteorological Department (IMD)
About the report-
• The report provides analysis on the annual climate which prevailed over India in the last
year and compared it with the years before, establishing trends.

• In 2022, the annual mean land surface air temperature in India was 0.510 ℃ above the
long-term average (1981-2010 period).
o This made the year the fifth warmest on record since nationwide records began
in 1901.
o Despite this, it was lower than the highest warming observed over India during
2016, which had an anomaly of 0.710 ℃, but higher than the previous year, 2021,
which had an anomaly of 0.440 ℃.
• The all-India mean temperatures during the winter season (January to February) were
normal, with an anomaly of -0.04°C.
o However, during other seasons, the temperatures were above normal.
o The pre-monsoon season (March to May) had an anomaly of ±1.06°C, the
monsoon season (June to September) had an anomaly of +0.36°C and the post-
monsoon season (October to December) had an anomaly of +0.52°C.
• Global mean temperature in 2022 is currently estimated to be 1.15 ± 0.13 °C above the
preindustrial (1850-1900) average.
o This is likely to make the past eight years (2015-2022) the warmest on record.
o Despite La Niña conditions keeping global temperature low for the second
consecutive year, 2022 is still most likely to be the 5th or 6th warmest year on
record.
• The rainfall over India in 2022 was 108% of its Long Period Average (LPA) value based
on the period 1971-2020.
10 | P a g e
o During the winter season, the rainfall was 147% of its LPA, pre-monsoon season
rainfall was 99% of its LPA, the southwest monsoon season had rainfall 106 % of
its LPA, and the post-monsoon season had rainfall 119% of its LPA.
• During 2022, 15 cyclonic disturbances formed over the north Indian Ocean, against the
normal of 11.2 based on data from 1965-2021.
o It included three cyclones, seven depressions formed over the Bay of Bengal,
three depressions over the Arabian Sea, and two land depressions.
o In addition to these, extreme weather events like extremely heavy rainfall, floods,
landslides, lightning, thunderstorms, droughts etc were also experienced in
various parts of the country.
• Overall, India witnessed an above-average temperature and above-average rainfall in
the year 2022.
o The year 2022 witnessed cyclonic disturbances and extreme weather events
which were above the average count, as well as the effect of global warming.
• In 2022, a total of 1,285 people (58 per cent of total casualties) died due to lightning
strikes and thunderstorms, up from 787 (2021) and 737 (2020).
o Of the 418 deaths in Bihar, 415 were due to lightning and thunderstorms.
• Similarly, heavy rain, floods and landslides were the second highest killer in 2022,
claiming 835 lives (37 per cent) while this figure was 759 in 2021 and 414 in 2020.
• After Bihar, the states most vulnerable to extreme weather events last year were Assam
(257 casualties) and Uttar Pradesh (201).
6 World Social Report 2023: Leaving no one behind in an ageing world.

Released by- United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs (UN DESA)
About the report-
• The report focuses on population ageing and the challenges and opportunities it brings
as countries strive to achieve the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
• Number of persons aged 65 years or older worldwide is expected to double over the
next three decades.
• The elderly population will reach 1.6 billion in 2050, accounting for more than 16 per cent
of the global population.
• Population ageing is progressing more rapidly in developing countries than it did
historically in more developed countries.
• People are living longer due to improvements in health and medical therapies, greater
access to education and reductions in fertility.
• North Africa, West Asia and sub-Saharan Africa are expected to experience the fastest
growth in the number of older people over the next three decades.
• Social and economic improvements is driving age longevity.
• People aged 80 and older are the fastest growing portion of the total population in many
countries.
o It is projected to increase by more than 200 per cent in the next three decades.
• In almost all societies, women live longer than men on average and the rich longer than
the poor.
11 | P a g e
o Poor nutrition and exposure to environmental and occupational hazards that are
more common among men and people with limited income and education.
• Gaping disparities in old age could derail progress made towards achieving the 17
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially SDG 10 on Reducing Inequalities.
• In more developed regions, pensions and other public transfer systems, provide over
two thirds of the consumption by older persons.
o In less developed regions, older persons tend to work longer and rely more on
accumulated assets or family assistance.
SECOND SECTION
7 Public Enterprise Survey 2021-22

Released by- Department of Public Enterprises, Ministry of Finance
About the report-
• The survey presents a summary of the financial performance of Central Public Sector
Enterprises for the Financial Year 2021-22.

• The net profit of public sector enterprises jumped 50.87 per cent to ₹2.49 lakh crore
during 2021-22, with ONGC, Indian Oil Corp, Power Grid, NTPC and SAIL emerging as
the top five performers.
12 | P a g e
o The net profit of operating central public sector enterprises (CPSEs) stood
at ₹1.65 lakh crore in 2020-21.
• The net loss of loss-making CPSEs narrowed to ₹0.15 lakh crore in FY 2021-22
from ₹0.23 lakh crore in FY 2020-21, showing a decrease of 37.82 per cent.
o Major loss-making CPSEs include Bharat Sanchar Nigam Ltd (BSNL), Mahanagar
Telecom Nigam Ltd (MTNL), Air India Assets Holding Ltd, Eastern Coalfields Ltd
and Alliance Air Aviation Ltd.
• Total gross revenue from the operations of operating CPSEs during FY 2021-22
was ₹31.95 lakh crore as against ₹24.08 lakh crore in FY 2020-21, showing an increase
of 32.65 per cent.
• Dividend declared by operating CPSEs in FY 2021-22 stood at ₹1.15 lakh crore, as
against ₹0.73 lakh crore in FY21, up 57.58 per cent.
• Three cognate groups, petroleum (refinery and marketing), trading and marketing, and
power generation, together contributed 69.08 per cent to the gross revenues in FY
2021-22.
• The net profit of profit-making CPSEs stood at ₹2.64 lakh crore in FY 2021-22
against ₹1.89 lakh crore in the previous fiscal, up 39.85 per cent.
o The top five CPSEs with the highest net profits were ONGC, Indian Oil
Corporation, Power Grid Corporation of India, NTPC and Steel Authority of India
Ltd (SAIL), the survey said.
• The contribution of all CPSEs to the central exchequer by way of excise duty, custom
duty, GST, corporate tax, interest on central government loans, dividend, and other
duties and taxes stood at ₹5.07 lakh crore in FY 2021-22, as against ₹4.97 lakh crore in
FY 2020-21, showing an increase of 2.14 per cent.
o The top five CPSEs contributing to the central exchequer were Indian Oil
Corporation, Bharat Petroleum Corporation Ltd, Hindustan Petroleum Corporation
Ltd, Bharat Oman Refineries Ltd and Chennai Petroleum Corporation Ltd.
• The corporate social responsibility (CSR) expenditure of all CSR eligible CPSEs (160)
stood at ₹4,600 crore in FY 2021-22 compared to ₹4,483 crore in FY-21, up 2.61 per
cent.
o The top five CPSEs contributing the highest under CSR were ONGC, NTPC, Indian
Oil Corporation, NMDC and Power Grid.
• Power Grid Corporation has been ranked at first position in the services sector.
8 Working Time and Work Life Balance Around the World

Released by- International Labour Organization (ILO)
About the report-
• The global report on working time focuses on the actual number of hours of work,
working-time arrangements, and their implications for work-life balance.

• More than half of the world’s workforce doesn’t typically work nine-to-five schedule.
• The Average hours of work globally was approximately 43.9 hours per week prior to the
pandemic (2019 or the latest available year).
13 | P a g e
• More a third of workers have a work week of more than 48 hours, while a fifth work part-
time or fewer than 35 hours per week.
• The short-time work and work-sharing measures or other forms of job retention helped
people reduce the volume of work and save jobs during the COVID-19 pandemic.
• Moreover, the system of reduced working hours and flexible working time arrangements
can benefit economies, enterprises and workers and lay the ground for a better and
more healthy work-life balance.
Recommendations
• Firstly, countries should continue to support pandemic-era initiatives such as inclusive

short-time work schemes, which not only saved jobs but also boosted purchasing power
and helped cushion the effects of economic crises.
• Secondly, a public policy shift must happen to reduce the number of working hours in
many countries and promote a healthy work-life balance.
• Thirdly, encourage teleworking to help maintain employment and give workers more
agency.
9 NCAP Tracker Report

Released by- NCAP Tracker
About the report-
• The report provides analysis of Central Pollution Control Board data on particulate
matter levels and ranks the cities.
• NCAP Tracker is a joint project of news portal Carbon Copy and a Maharashtra-based
start-up 'Respirer Living Sciences' and is designed to track India's progress in achieving
clean air targets.
14 | P a g e
• Delhi was the most polluted city in India in 2022 with PM2.5 levels more than double the
safe limit and the third highest average PM10 concentration.
o PM2.5 pollution in Delhi has reduced by over 7 per cent in four years, from 108
micrograms per cubic metre in 2019 to 99.71 micrograms per cubic metre in 2022.
• National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) targets to reduce pollution by 20 per cent to 30
per cent by 2024 (as compared to 2017 levels) in 102 cities.
• Among the most polluted cities with respect to PM2.5 levels, Delhi (99.71 micrograms
per cubic metre) ranked first, Haryana's Faridabad (95.64 micrograms per cubic metre)
ranked second and Uttar Pradesh's Ghaziabad (91.25 micrograms per cubic metre) third.
• Ghaziabad (217.57 micrograms per cubic metre) was the most polluted non-attainment
city in the country in terms of PM10 levels, while Faridabad (215.39 micrograms per cubic
metre) ranked second and Delhi (213.23 micrograms per cubic metre) stood third.
• The country's current annual average safe limits for PM2.5 and PM10 are 40 micrograms
per cubic metre and 60 micrograms per cubic metre, respectively.
• In September 2022, the government set a new target of a 40 per cent reduction in
particulate matter concentration by 2026.
• The top four cities with the highest PM2.5 are Delhi and NCR cities and the top nine are
from across the Indo-Gangetic plains.
10 Survival of the Richest

Released by- Oxfam
About the report-
• The report is a mix of qualitative and quantitative information to explore the impact of
inequality in India.

• The richest 1% in India now own more than 40% of the country's total wealth, while the
bottom half of the population together share just 3% of wealth.
• The wealthiest 10 per cent own more than 72 per cent of wealth, and the top 5 per cent
own nearly 62 per cent of the total wealth.
• If India's billionaires are taxed once at 2% on their entire wealth, it would support the
requirement of ₹40,423 crore for the nutrition of malnourished in the country for the
next three years.
• A one-time tax of 5% on the 10 richest billionaires in the country (₹1.37 lakh crore) is
more than 1.5 times the funds estimated by the Health and Family Welfare Ministry
(₹86,200 crore) and the Ministry of Ayush (₹3,050 crore) for the year 2022-23.
• Female workers earned only 63 paise for every 1 rupee a male worker earned.
• For Scheduled Castes and rural workers, the difference is even starker — the former
earned 55% of what the advantaged social groups earned, and the latter earned only
half of the urban earnings between 2018 and 2019.
• Taxing the top 100 Indian billionaires at 2.5% or taxing the top 10 Indian billionaires at
5% would nearly cover the entire amount required to bring the children back into school.
• Since the pandemic began till November 2022, billionaires in India have seen their wealth
surge by 121% or ₹3,608 crore per day in real terms.
15 | P a g e
• On the other hand, approximately 64% of the total ₹14.83 lakh crore in Goods and
Services Tax (GST) came from bottom 50% of the population in 2021-22, with only 3%
of GST coming from the top 10%.
• The total number of billionaires in India increased from 102 in 2020 to 166 in 2022.
• The combined wealth of India's 100 richest has touched $660 billion (₹54.12 lakh crore)
— an amount that could fund the entire Union Budget for more than 18 months.
11 FSSAI Survey on Dietary Supplements

Released by- Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI)
About the report-
• The survey is on dietary supplements and provides mix of qualitative and quantitative
information to explore the impact of it which has become popular in recent years.

• At least 15 per cent of protein powders sold in India are of poor quality.
• The survey, which was conducted during 2021-22, found that 4,890 out of 144,345
samples collected were unsafe for consumption, 16,582 were substandard, and over
11,482 samples had labelling defects and misleading information.
• Health experts have expressed concern about the unsupervised consumption of dietary
supplements, warning poor-quality products can affect cardiovascular health and
kidneys.
• The Consumer Protection Act 2019 bans misleading advertisements about any product
or service falsely describing a product and deliberately concealing information on sugar
content while focusing on immunity boost.
• Cost cutting and poor resources are some reasons for poor quality dietary supplements.
• The quality of the product also depends on where the products are being manufactured.
So, quality control of the manufacturing unit is significant in all aspects.
• In light of the results of the survey, FSSAI launched 4,946 criminal cases and many other
civil cases. The authority has also initiated civil cases in 28,906 instances, resulting in
the punishment of 19,437 offenders and the imposition of a penalty of ₹53.39 crore.
THIRD SECTION

• Haneda Airport was the top performing
global airport in 2022
• Delta Air Lines was winner for global
operational excellence.
• Azul Airlines was the global leader in
Cirium OTP
1. Cirium on-time performance.
Ranking
• Two Indian airports, Bengaluru and
Delhi, have featured in the list of top ten
global airports in terms of on-time
performance (OTP), ranking at 2nd and
7th position respectively.
16 | P a g e
• Similarly, three Indian airlines — IndiGo,
AirAsia India, and Vistara — have been
listed among the top ten airlines in Asia-
Pacific with ranking of 5th, 6th and 9th
position respectively.
• The absorption of industrial and
warehousing space rose 6% to 46.3
million square feet (msf) in 2022, which
includes over 36 msf from tier-one
cities and over 10 msf from tiers-two
and three cities.
• Third-party logistics (3PL) and e-
Savills India
commerce sectors continued to drive
2. Report on Industry Savills India
warehousing demand, together
and Logistics
accounting for 52% of the total
absorption witnessed in 2022.
• The overall industrial and warehousing
space stock in tier I cities stood at 300
mn sq. ft at the end of 2022 and is
expected to reach 342 mn sq. ft.in
2023.
• The Manipal Academy of Higher
Education (MAHE) has been ranked
Universitas
number-one in the country and at 121st
Indonesia (UI)
Universitas position globally.
3. Green Metric
Indonesia (UI) • Wageningen University & Research has
World University
topped the global ranking.
rankings
• 38 Indian Universities are part of the
1050 global Universities list.
• Japan has topped the index, for fifth
straight year and Japanese passport is
the most powerful among all passports
in the world, as it allows visa-free
access to as many as 193 countries
• India is ranked at 85th position, two
Henley’s Passport
4. Henley & Partners places ahead of last year’s 87th spot.
Index 2023
o An Indian passport holder now
has visa-free access to 59
countries.
• Afghanistan is ranked at last (109)
position with visa free access to only 27
countries.
• Maharashtra has topped the overall
ranking and is followed by Gujarat with
second rank and Tamil Nadu with third
rank.
The State Ranking
5. CareEdge • The rankings is based on seven pillars -
study
- economic, fiscal, social, infrastructure,
financial inclusion, environment, and
governance - and covers 46 indicators
to rank the major states in the country.
17 | P a g e
• The predictions point to the exploitation
of authentication methods, expansions
of attack surfaces, more zero-day and
supply chain attacks, web application
attacks, and exploitation of
Cyber Threat vulnerabilities in IoTs.
6. Protection Barracuda Networks • Wipeware attacks emanating from
Theatre 2023 Russia will likely spill over into other
countries with continued geopolitical
tensions.
• Predictions also include attacks on
supply chains, credential theft, and an
expansion of attack surfaces.
• The report has predicted that 6,316
billion cubic metre of initial global
storage in 47,403 large dams in 150
countries will decline to 4,665 billion
cubic metre, causing 26 per cent
storage loss by 2050.
• The loss of 1,650 billion cubic metre
storage capacity is roughly equal to the
United Nations
Present and annual water use of India, China,
University Institute
Future Losses of Indonesia, France and Canada
on Water,
7. Storage in Large combined.
Environment and
Reservoirs Due to • Around 3,700 dams in India will lose 26
Health (UNU-
Sedimentation per cent of their total storage by 2050
INWEH)
due to accumulation of sediments
which can undermine water security,
irrigation and power generation in
future.
• Trapped sediment has already robbed
roughly 50,000 large dams worldwide
of an estimated 13 to 19 per cent of their
combined original storage capacity.
• Among the 20 most punctual airlines
globally, IndiGo is at 15th place in 2022.
o The list is topped by Garuda
Indonesia.
• Among the top 20 mega airlines by OTP,
IndiGo is at fifth place in the list, topped
by All Nippon Airways.
OAG Punctuality • In the league of the top 20 most
8. OAG
League 2023 punctual low-cost carriers, IndiGo is at
the sixth position.
• Among the top 20 airports in terms of
OTP globally in 2022, Coimbatore
airport is at 13th place.
o The list is topped by Japan's
Osaka international airport
(Itami).
• Indian startups received nearly $24
Startup Tracker-
9. PwC India billion in 2022 – a 33% fall from the
CY 22
nearly $37 billion they raised in 2021.
18 | P a g e
• The number of new unicorns halved in
2022 to 21 from 42 in 2021.
• The e-commerce business-to-
consumer category saw the steepest
decline in funding at 71% and EdTech at
54% during 2022.
• Bengaluru, Delhi-NCR, and Mumbai
account for nearly 82% of total Indian
startups.
• Early-stage deals, in volume terms,
accounted for 60-62% of the total
funding in 2021 and 2022. The average
ticket size per deal was $4 million.
• Growth and late-stage funding deals, in
value terms, accounted for 88% of the
funding activity in 2022. The average
ticket size in the growth-stage deals
was $43 million and in late-stage deals
was $94 million in 2022.
• Top-3 Business School in India
(Government)
o IIM Ahmedabad
o IIM Bengaluru
o IIM Kolkata
• Top-3 Business School in India (Private)
o Xavier Labour Relations Institute
(XLRI), Jamshedpur (Jharkhand)
Top Management
Indian Institutional o Management Development
10. and Business
Ranking Framework Institute (MDI), Gurgaon
School 2023
o Symbiosis Institute of Business
Management, Pune
(Maharashtra)
• The top-3 MBA colleges in the world
o London Business School (UK)
o Wharton-University of
Pennsylvania (USA)
o Harvard Business School (USA)
19 | P a g e
Reports and
Indices
16th to 31st January
20 | P a g e
Contents
FIRST SECTION .................................................................................................................................................... 22
12 All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) 2020-2021 ...................................................... 22
THIRD SECTION ................................................................................................................................................... 24
21 | P a g e
FIRST SECTION
12 All India Survey on Higher Education (AISHE) 2020-2021

About the report-
• Ministry has been conducting AISHE since 2011, covering all higher educational
institutions located in Indian Territory and imparting higher education in the country.
• It collects detailed information on different parameters such as
o Student enrolments, teacher’s data, infrastructural information, examination
results, education finance.
o Indicators of educational development such as Institution Density, Gross
Enrolment Ratio, Pupil-teacher ratio, Gender Parity Index, Per Student
Expenditure will also be calculated from the data collected through AISHE.
• For the first time, in AISHE 2020-21, HEIs have filled data using entirely online data
collection platform through the Web Data Capture Format (DCF) developed by
Department of Higher Education through the National Informatics Centre (NIC).

• Student Enrolment:
o The total enrolment in higher education has increased to nearly 4.14 crore in
2020-21 from 3.85 crore in 2019-20.
✓ Since 2014-15, there has been an increase of around 72 Lakh in the
enrolment (21%).
o Female enrolment has increased to 2.01 crore from 1.88 crore in 2019-20. There
has been an increase of around 44 Lakh (28%) since 2014-15.
o The percentage of female enrolment to total enrolment has increased from 45%
in 2014-15 to around 49% in 2020-21.
o As per 2011 population projections for 18-23 years age group, GER has increased
to 27.3 from 25.6 in 2019-20.
o Notable increase of 1.9 points is observed in GER of ST students in 2020-21, as
compared to 2019-20.
o Female GER has overtaken Male GER since 2017-18.
✓ Gender Parity Index (GPI), the ratio of female GER to male GER, has
increased from 1 in 2017-18 to 1.05 in 2020-21.
o The enrolment of SC students is 58.95 Lakh as compared to 56.57 Lakh in 2019-
20 and 46.06 Lakh in 2014-15.
o The enrolment of ST students has increased to 24.1 Lakh in 2020-21 from 21.6
Lakh in 2019-20 and 16.41 Lakh in 2014-15.
o The average annual enrolment of ST students has increased to around 1 Lakh
during the period 2014- 15 to 2020-21, from around 75,000 during the period
2007-08 to 2014-15.
22 | P a g e
o Enrolment of OBC students has also increased by 6 Lakh to 1.48 crore in 2020-
21, from 1.42 crore in 2019-20. There is a notable increase in OBC student
enrolment since 2014-15 of around 36 Lakh (32%).
o The total Student Enrolment in North East States is 12.06 Lakh in 2020-21 as
compared to 9.36 Lakh in 2014-15.
o The female enrolment in North East States is 6.14 lakh in 2020-21, higher than the
male enrolment of 5.92 lakh [For every 100 male students, there are 104 female
students in NER]. The female enrolment outnumbered male enrolment for first
time in 2018-19, and the trend continues.
o The enrolment in Distance Education is 45.71 Lakh (with 20.9 Lakh Female), an
increase of around 7% since 2019-20 and 20% since 2014-15.
o Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh, Karnataka and
Rajasthan are the top 6 States in terms of number of student enrolled.
o As per response in AISHE 2020-21, about 79.06% of the total students are
enrolled in undergraduate level courses and 11.5% are enrolled in postgraduate
level courses.
o Among Disciplines at undergraduate level, enrollment is highest in Arts (33.5%),
followed by Science (15.5%), Commerce (13.9%) and Engineering & Technology
(11.9%).
o Among streams at postgraduate level, maximum students are enrolled in Social
Science (20.56%) followed by science (14.83%).
o Of the total enrolment, 55.5 Lakh students are enrolled in Science Stream, with
female students (29.5 Lakh) out numbering male students (26 Lakh).
o Government Universities (59% of total) contribute towards 73.1% of the
enrolment. Government Colleges (21.4% of total) contribute towards 34.5% of the
enrolment.
o The enrolment in Institute of National Importance (INIs) has increased by nearly
61% during the period 2014-15 to 2020-21.
o Enrolment has increased in 2020-21 compared to 2014-15 in the Specialized
Universities relating to Defence, Sanskrit, Biotechnology, Forensics, Design,
Sports etc.
o The total number of pass-outs has increased to 95.4 Lakh in 2020-21 as against
94 Lakh in 2019-20.
o Availability of different infrastructural facilities in HEIs in 2020-21:
✓ Libraries (97%)
✓ Laboratories (88)
✓ Computer centres (91%, 86% in 2019-20)
✓ Skill Development Centre (61%, 58% in 2019-20)
✓ Connectivity to National Knowledge Network (56%, from 34% in 2019-20)
• Number of Institutions:
o The total number of Universities / University like institutions registered is 1,113,
Colleges 43,796 and Standalone Institutions 11,296.
o During 2020-21, the number of Universities has increased by 70, and the number
of Colleges has increased by 1,453.
o Since 2014-15, there has been increase of 353 Universities (46.4%).
23 | P a g e
o The Institutes of National Importance (INIs) have almost doubled from 75 in 2014-
15 to 149 in 2020-21.
o 191 new Higher Education Institutions have been established in North Eastern
States since 2014-15.
o Highest number of Universities is in Rajasthan (92), Uttar Pradesh (84) and
Gujarat (83).
o During 2014-15 to 2020-21, on average, 59 Universities have been added
annually. This was about 50 during 2007-08 to 2014-15.
o 17 Universities (of which 14 are State Public) and 4,375 Colleges are exclusively
for women.
o The College Density, the number of colleges per lakh eligible population
(population in the age-group 18-23 years) has been 31. This was 27 in 2014-15.
o States with Highest college density: Karnataka (62), Telangana (53), Kerala (50),
Himachal Pradesh (50), Andhra Pradesh (49),Uttarakhand (40), Rajasthan (40),
Tamil Nadu (40).
o Top 8 Districts with Highest number of Colleges: Bangalore Urban (1058), Jaipur
(671), Hyderabad (488), Pune (466), Prayagraj (374), Rangareddy (345), Bhopal
(327) and Nagpur (318).
o Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Madhya Pradesh,
Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat are top 8 States in terms of number of colleges.
o 43% universities and 61.4% colleges are located in Rural Areas.
• Faculty:
o Total number of faculty/teachers: 15,51,070 (57.1% are male and 42.9% are
female).
o Female per 100 male faculty has improved to 75 in 2020-21 from 74 in 2019-20
and 63 in 2014-15.
THIRD SECTION

• Amazon is ranked at top spot as the
world’s most valuable brand despite its
brand value falling 15% this year from
US$350.3 billion to US$299.3 billion.
• Apple (brand value down 16% to
11. Global 500 - 2023 Brand Finance US$297.5 billion) has fallen to be the
world’s second most valuable brand.
• Reliance Jio has been ranked as the
strongest brand in India and placed
ninth among the world’s strongest
brands.
• The Global Firepower Index, 2022, puts
the US at the top, Russia at the second
Global Firepower
12. Global Firepower spot, China at No. 3.
Index 2023
• India is ranked at 4th position in the
index.
24 | P a g e
• Accenture has retained its position as
the most valuable IT services brand
globally, with a brand valued at $39.8
billion.
• TCS and Infosys remained the second
IT Services 25
13. Brand Finance and third most valued brands, while
Ranking
increasing their brand value by 2 per
cent.
o TCS’s brand value is valued at
$17.2 billion while Infosys’s brand
value is at $13 billion.
• In FY24, the overall gross borrowing by
Centre and States is likely to be Rs 24.3
lakh crore (Rs. 22.2lakh crore in FY23)
and net borrowings Rs. 17 lakh crore (Rs
16.7 lakh crore in FY23).
• The Government will continue to rely on
small saving schemes (Rs 5 lakh crore
likely in FY24).
• As regards FY24, the government's
expenditure is likely to increase by
around 8.2 per cent over FY23
estimates to Rs 46 lakh crore.
State Bank of India • However, higher nominal GDP growth
14. Ecowrap Report
(SBI) (15.4 per cent) estimates will help in
keeping the fiscal deficit at 6.4 per cent
of the GDP.
• Subsidy bill which increased
significantly in FY23 is estimated to be
reduced in FY24 to around Rs 3.8-4
lakh crore and capital expenditure is
expected to grow by 12 per cent.
• The fiscal deficit for FY24 is estimated
at around Rs 17.95 lakh crore or 6 per
cent of GDP in FY24, thereby resulting
in fiscal consolidation of 40 bps from
the current fiscal.
• Bengaluru topped the startup
funding chart in India with $10.8 billion
in 2022, followed by Mumbai at $3.9
billion, and Gurugram at a distant $2.6
billion.
• There were 22 unicorns in 2022,
compared to 46 in 2021, and average
India Tech Annual
15. Tracxn funding before the unicorn round was
Funding Report
around $160 million.
• It is now taking an average of 5.1 years
from Series A funding to the Unicorn
round for the Indian startups.
• A total of 11 tech IPOs were launched in
2022, matching the number from the
same period in 2021.
25 | P a g e
• LetsVenture, AngelList, and Y
Combinator have topped the list of
most active investors in 2022.
• Byju's has topped the list of highest
funding raised in 2022 with raising over
$1.2 billion in 2022 from existing
investors.
• The top three countries for tech
investment in 2022 were the US USD
233.3B followed by China (USD 48B)
and the UK (USD 29.9B).
• India is ranked 4th globally with USD
24.1B worth of VC investments in 2022.
Annual VC Dealroom and
16. o USD 10.7bn of that investment
Funding 2022 London & Partners
went into companies based in
Bengaluru.
• Global cities which witnessed
impressive amounts of funding included
the Bay Area (USD 72.4B), New York
(USD 28.3B) and Boston (USD 20B).
• Jensen Huang of US-based tech leader
Nvidia has topped the rankings with BGI
Brand score of 83.
17. Guardianship Brand Finance • Reliance Industries Chairman and
Index 2023 Managing Director Mukesh Ambani has
been ranked No. 2 globally and No. 1
among Indians with a BGI score of 81.7.
• The Indian economy is likely to reach
the $26 trillion mark by 2047, the 100th
year of the country’s independence.
• The per capita income is also expected
to increase to $15,000, putting the
India@100:
country among the ranks of developed
Realizing the
18. Ernst & Young economies.
potential of a $26
• Under the most preferred scenario,
trillion economy
India is likely to cross the critical
thresholds of $5 trillion, $10 trillion and
$20 trillion in market exchange rate
terms, in FY2028, FY2036 and FY2045,
respectively.
*************
26 | P a g e
February - 2023
1|Page
Contents
About the Document – Read Me!.................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined.
Reports and Indices 1st to 15th February 2023 .......................................................................................... 3
FIRST SECTION ............................................................................................................................................... 4
1 Countdown to 2023: WHO Report on Global trans-fat elimination 2021 .................................. 4
2 Transforming Education with Equitable Financing .......................................................................... 5
3 Asia- Pacific Overview of Food Security and Nutrition 2022 ....................................................... 5
4 State Finances: A study of budgets of 2022- 23 ............................................................................ 6
5 Annual Status of Education Report (ASER) ....................................................................................... 7
SECOND SECTION .......................................................................................................................................... 8
6 State of Solar PV Manufacturing in India ........................................................................................... 8
7 Global Quality Infrastructure Index (GQII) ......................................................................................... 8
THIRD SECTION............................................................................................................................................... 9
Reports and Indices 16th to 28th February 2023.................................................................................. 10
2|Page
Reports and
Indices
1st to 15th February 2023
3|Page
2 Transforming Education with Equitable Financing
3 Asia- Pacific Overview of Food Security and Nutrition 2022
5|Page
4 State Finances: A study of budgets of 2022- 23
6|Page
5 Annual Status of Education Report (ASER)
7|Page
SECOND SECTION
6 State of Solar PV Manufacturing in India
7 Global Quality Infrastructure Index (GQII)
8|Page
THIRD SECTION
• National Stock Exchange of India (NSE) has

again emerged as the world's largest
derivatives exchange in 2022, in terms of the
number of contracts traded.
• National Stock Exchange ranked 3rd in the
Statistics by Future Future Industry
1. Industry Association Association (FIA)
world in the equity segment by the number of
trades on the electronic book in 2022.
• Highest equity index was recorded for Nifty
50 (i.e., 18,887.60).
• Sovereign Gold Bond's daily average turnover
in the secondary market was Rs 7 crore in CY
2022, a jump of 59% YoY.
*************
9|Page
Reports and
Indices
16th to 28th February

2023
10 | P a g e
Contents
FIRST SECTION.............................................................................................................................................. 12
8 Bracing for Superbugs: Strengthening Environmental Action in the One Health Response
to Antimicrobial Resistance ......................................................................................................................... 12
9 Collapse and Recovery: How COVID-19 Eroded Human Capital and What to Do About It 13
10 Making India a Global Powerhouse in Farm Machinery Industry ........................................... 13
11 Global Sea Level Rise and Implications ............................................................................................ 14
12 IEA Electricity Market Report .......................................................................................................... 14
13 Life Lessons From India.................................................................................................................... 15
14 Trends in Maternal Mortality ........................................................................................................... 16
15 World Happiness Index..................................................................................................................... 16
16 Assessment of Avoided CO2 Emission during Construction and Operation of National
Highways.......................................................................................................................................................... 17
17 Asian Economic Integration Report (AIER)2023......................................................................... 17
18 OECD Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (STRI) ................................................................. 18
SECOND SECTION ........................................................................................................................................ 18
19 Global Minority Report ...................................................................................................................... 18
20 Gross Domestic Climate Risk .......................................................................................................... 19
THIRD SECTION............................................................................................................................................. 19
11 | P a g e
FIRST SECTION
8 Bracing for Superbugs: Strengthening Environmental Action in the One
Health Response to Antimicrobial Resistance
12 | P a g e
9 Collapse and Recovery: How COVID-19 Eroded Human Capital and What
to Do About It
10 Making India a Global Powerhouse in Farm Machinery Industry
13 | P a g e
11 Global Sea Level Rise and Implications
12 IEA Electricity Market Report
14 | P a g e
13 Life Lessons From India
15 | P a g e
14 Trends in Maternal Mortality
15 World Happiness Index
16 | P a g e
16 Assessment of Avoided CO2 Emission during Construction and
Operation of National Highways
17 Asian Economic Integration Report (AIER)2023
17 | P a g e
18 OECD Services Trade Restrictiveness Index (STRI)
SECOND SECTION
19 Global Minority Report
18 | P a g e
20 Gross Domestic Climate Risk
THIRD SECTION
• India is the highest-attacked country by

hackers in Asia and 2nd globally (after the US)
in 2022.
• Number of cyber-attacks on India increased
by 24.3% in 2022.
• Asia pacific remained the most targeted
India faced most
region globally, receiving 20.4% of all attacks
cyber-attacks by
2. hackers in Asia in
CloudSEK in 2021 and 24.1% in 2022.
• Number of attacks targeting the Asia Pacific
2022
region increased by 26.4%.
• North America, Asia Pacific, and Europe
remain the most targeted regions in both 2021
and 2022.
• Attacks on the government sector globally
accounted for 4.1% in 2021, which increased
to 12.1% in 2022.
19 | P a g e
• India’s aviation safety oversight ranking
jumped to 55th, 112th.
• Under Universal Safety Oversight Audit
Programme (USOAP), continuous monitoring
approach, an ICAO-coordinated validation
International Civil
ICAO aviation safety mission (ICVM) was undertaken in India in
3. rankings
Aviation Organization
November 2022.
(ICAO)
• Effective implementation of six areas was
assessed.
o LEG, ORG, PEL, OPS, AGA, and
AIR.
• Ahmedabad has emerged as the city in India

with the most active hiring activity.
o It registered a growth of 16% on a
year-on-year basis.
Foundit tracker • Demand for jobs in production and
4. report
Foundit insight tracker manufacturing declined by 8%.
• 64% growth has been recorded for green jobs
(jobs aim to preserve natural resources by
using fewer resources).
• Overall top five entertainers in Forbes list

2022
o 1- Genesis (English rock band)
o 2- Sting (Thomas Sumner fondly
known as sting)
Forbes list of highest o 3- Tyler Perry (Multi-talented
paid entertainers in actor- director- writer- studio
5. 2022 Forbes
magnet)
o 4- Trey Parker and Matt Stone
(maker of South Park)
o 5- James L. Brooks & Matt
Groening (People behind the
cartoon family “The Simpsons”)
• The Post Graduate Programme (PGP) from

the Indian School of Business (ISB) continues
to be ranked first in India.
Financial Times (FT) • ISB is the only Indian Business school that is
6. Global MBA Ranking Financial Times (FT) ranked 39th globally and 6th in Asia.
2023 • It is also ranked first in India and 61 globally
for research, reinforcing its vision of being a
research-led management institute.
20 | P a g e
• India has been ranked fourth out of 51
countries in having a quality entrepreneurship
ecosystem.
Global • In 2021 India’s ranking in Global
Entrepreneurship Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) National
Monitor (GEM) Babson College (USA) Entrepreneurship Context Index (NECI) was
7. National and London Business 16th.
Entrepreneurship School (UK) • India’s Score Trend-
Context Index (NECI) o 2019- 5.8 (rank 6th)
2022/2023 o 2020- 6.0(rank 4th)
o 2021- 5.0(rank 16th)
o 2022- 6.1(rank 4th)
• Bank of Maharashtra (BOM) has emerged as

the top performer among state-owned
lenders in terms of loan growth percentage
during the third quarter of 2022-23.
Latest financial
• It was followed by the Union Bank of India and
8. results of Public
the State Bank of India (SBI) stood at the
Sector Banks (PSBs)
fourth spot.
• In terms of Retail-Agriculture- MSME (RAM)
loans, BoM recorded highest growth followed
by Panjab & Sind Bank and Bank of Baroda.
21 | P a g e
March - 2023
1|Page
Contents
Reports and Indices 1st to 15th March 2023 ............................................................................................... 3
FIRST SECTION ...................................................................................................................................................... 4
1. Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Report ................................................................................... 4
2. Second Advance Estimates (SAE) of National Income for 2022-23 .......................................... 5
3. WTO Goods Trade Barometer .............................................................................................................. 6
4. More than a billion reasons: The urgent need to build universal social protection for
children ............................................................................................................................................................... 7
5. Democracy Report 2023: Defiance in the face of Autocratization ............................................. 8
6. Undernourished and Overlooked: A Global Nutrition Crisis in Adolescent Girls and Women
9
7. “Production and Promotion of Organic and Bio fertilisers with Special Focus on Improving
Economic Viability of Gaushalas”............................................................................................................... 10
8. Multiple Indicator Survey (MIS) - NSS 78th Round Report [2020-21] ..................................... 11
9. Global report on sodium intake reduction ....................................................................................... 12
10. Women, Business and the Law Index ........................................................................................... 13
SECOND SECTION ............................................................................................................................................... 14
11. Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) Data.............................. 14
THIRD SECTION ................................................................................................................................................... 14
Reports and Indices 16th to 31st March 2023........................................................................................ 17
2|Page
Reports and
Indices
1 to 15 March 2023
st th
3|Page
FIRST SECTION
1. Foundational Literacy and Numeracy Report
4|Page
2. Second Advance Estimates (SAE) of National Income for 2022-23
5|Page
3. WTO Goods Trade Barometer
6|Page
4. More than a billion reasons: The urgent need to build universal social
protection for children
7|Page
5. Democracy Report 2023: Defiance in the face of Autocratization
8|Page
6. Undernourished and Overlooked: A Global Nutrition Crisis in
Adolescent Girls and Women
9|Page
7. “Production and Promotion of Organic and Bio fertilisers with Special
Focus on Improving Economic Viability of Gaushalas”
10 | P a g e
8. Multiple Indicator Survey (MIS) - NSS 78th Round Report [2020-21]
11 | P a g e
9. Global report on sodium intake reduction
12 | P a g e
10. Women, Business and the Law Index
13 | P a g e
SECOND SECTION
11. Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) Data
THIRD SECTION
• Assets Under Management (AUM) of Asset

Reconstruction Companies (ARCs) is
Assocham-Crisil expected to grow almost 10% (₹1,19,000
1. report
Assocham
crore) in this FY23.
• Between fiscals 2014 and 2018, AUM had
grown at a steady pace (from ₹42,000 crore
to ₹95,000 crore).
• Mumbai's rank has improved to 37th from
The Wealth Report 92nd in a global list of movement in prices of
2. 2023
Knight Frank
luxury homes as the city saw an appreciation
of 6.4% during 2022.
14 | P a g e
• The value of Prime International Residential
Index (PIRI 100) that tracks the movement in
luxury house prices across the world
increased by 5.2% year-on-year in 2022.
• India is among the four major countries where
the risk of landslides is the highest.
• The highest number of landslides was
recorded for Mizoram (12,385 ) from 1988-
Landslide Atlas of Indian Space Research 2022, followed by Uttarakhand (11,219) and
3. India 2023 Organisation (ISRO) Tripura (8,070).
• Rudraprayag and Tehri Garhwal in
Uttarakhand are the most landslide-prone
districts in the country
• India's arms imports fell 11% between 2013-17

and 2018-22, but the country is still the
world’s top importer of military hardware.
• India’s share of the global arms imports was
the highest in the past five years at 11%,
followed by Saudi Arabia (9.6%), Qatar
Stockholm International
(6.4%), Australia (4.7%) and China (4.7%).
4. SIPRI Report 2022 Peace Research
• US was the world’s topmost military exporter
Institute (SIPRI)
in the past five years, accounting for 40% of
global exports, followed by Russia (16%),
France (11%), China (5.2%) and Germany
(4.2%).
o India is receiving 30% of the exports
in past five years.
• 5th Annual World Air Quality Report reveals
alarming details of the world’s most polluted
countries, territories, and regions in 2022.
• A total of 118 (90%) out of 131 countries and
regions exceeded the WHO annual PM
(Particulate matter) 2.5 guideline value of 5
µg/m3.
• India was ranked eighth on the list, dropping
Swiss air quality
IQAir World Air three places from the previous year.
5. Quality Report 2022
technology company
• Chad, Iraq, Pakistan, Bahrain, and Bangladesh
IQAir
are the five most polluted countries in 2022.
• The annual average PM 2.5 level, as per the
World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines,
should be 5 µg/m3 or less but India’s annual
average PM 2.5 level in 2022 was 53.3 μg/m3.
• Rajasthan's Bhiwadi was the most polluted
city in India, with annual PM2.5 levels of 92.7
μg/m3.
• The USA tops the list with 92 female
billionaires, followed by China with 46, and
Germany with 32.
• World’s richest self-made woman
o Zhou Qunfei (Hong Kong tech mogul)
Based on the analysis o Melanie Perkins (Australian co-
6. City Index 2023 of Forbrs’ live billionaire founder of Canva)
tracker (March 2023) o Savitri Jindal (Indian Businesswoman)
• India has the fifth-highest number of female
billionaires in the world.
• The richest woman in India is an Indian
businesswoman and politician Savitri Jindal.
15 | P a g e
• The annual International IP Index evaluates
the protection of IP rights in 55 of the world’s
leading economies, together representing
IPR Index 2023 (11th US Chamber of
7. Edition) Commerce’s
around 90% of global GDP.
• India has been ranked 42nd out of 55
countries in the US Chamber of Commerce’s
latest International IP Index report.
*************
16 | P a g e
Reports and
Indices
16th to 31st March 2023
17 | P a g e
Contents
FIRST SECTION .................................................................................................................................................... 19
12. World Happiness Report 2023 ....................................................................................................... 19
13. Annual India Tuberculosis (TB) Report 2023 .............................................................................. 20
14. Women and Men in India 2022 ....................................................................................................... 21
SECOND SECTION................................................................................................................................................ 23
15. Global Terrorism Index ..................................................................................................................... 23
16. The What, Why and How of the World Water Crisis ................................................................. 24
17. Global Landscape of Renewable Energy Finance 2023 .......................................................... 24
18. MSME Pulse Report ........................................................................................................................... 26
19. Global Payments Report 2023 ........................................................................................................ 27
THIRD SECTION ................................................................................................................................................... 28
18 | P a g e
FIRST SECTION
12. World Happiness Report 2023
19 | P a g e
13. Annual India Tuberculosis (TB) Report 2023
20 | P a g e
14. Women and Men in India 2022
21 | P a g e
22 | P a g e
SECOND SECTION
15. Global Terrorism Index
23 | P a g e
16. The What, Why and How of the World Water Crisis
17. Global Landscape of Renewable Energy Finance 2023
24 | P a g e
25 | P a g e
18. MSME Pulse Report
26 | P a g e
19. Global Payments Report 2023
27 | P a g e
THIRD SECTION

• WhatsApp has been named India's most
accessible app for persons with disabilities.
• The report evaluated 10 of the most widely
used apps in India across categories like
Making the Digital messaging, online payments, transport, e-
Vidhi Centre for Legal
8. Ecosystem
Policy
commerce and food delivery.
Disabled Friendly • Apps were rated based on the Web Content
Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), which
evaluate how easily people with disabilities
can use digital products and services.
• Merely 18% of India’s 28,000 active

technological start-ups had female founders
or co-founders.
• 20 potential unicorns are in the pipeline,
making up around 18% of all unicorns in India.
• 7 out of 1000 start-ups started by women
reach the late stage, comparable to 8 out of
1000 start-ups founded by men.
• Women founders have faced an investment
loss of $3.7 Bilion in the last 3 years
• 76% of the workforce in India, including
women, has an entrepreneurial intent.
• 19% of the unicorns are women-funded.
• Over $ 30 Billion is the total valuation of
unicorns built by women founders.
Creating 10X TiE Delhi-NCR, Zinnov,
• Over $12 Billion is the total equity investments
9. Women Founders Google, NetApp, and
raised by women-founded unicorns and
in India Indian Angel Network
potential unicorns.
• 19 of the unicorns and potential unicorns
serving global markets and 8 of sectors with
women-founded unicorns and 11 of sectors
with women-founded potential unicorns.
• 84% of the women-founded startups are from
non-retail sectors.
• 95% of the funding raised by women-founded
startups went into non-retail sectors.
• 43% of women founders have built
BSB(Business-to-Small Business) businesses
and over 800 number are women founded
BSB startups including 1 out of 6 BSB startups
in India has a women founder.
• Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical

Sciences' dentistry programme is the
QS World highest-ranked Indian programme, obtaining
University Quacquarelli Symonds
10. the 13th rank globally.
Rankings by (QS)
• 44 courses offered by Indian universities rank
subject 2023
among the global top 100 in their respective
subject categories.
28 | P a g e
• 11 declared Institutes of Eminence (IoE) take
44% of the overall Indian entries (158)
• India is the fourth-largest producer of
research in the world, with 1.3 million
academic papers produced between 2017
and 2022.
• India's research output grew by 54% between
2017 and 2022.
• The United Kingdom and Germany have top
journal citation percentages more than double
that of India.
• IIT Delhi's Electrical engineering programme is
ranked 49th.
• IIT Bombay’s Mathematics programme at
92nd place.
• IIT Kanpur's Electrical engineering programme
is ranked 87th, featuring in the top 100
categories for the first time.
• JNU’s sociology at 68th place.
• University of Delhi's Sociology is ranked 91st.
• India is the second-most improved country in
Asia in terms of overall performance.
*************
29 | P a g e
April - 2023
1|Page
Contents
Reports and Indices......................................................................................................................................... 3
1st to 15th April 2023 ......................................................................................................................................... 3
FIRST SECTION ...................................................................................................................................................... 4
1 Infertility Prevalence Estimates, 1990–2021 ..................................................................................... 4
2 World Energy Transitions Outlook 2023: 1.5°C Pathway ............................................................. 4
3 State Energy Efficiency Index (SEEI) 2021-22 ................................................................................. 5
4 National Wetland Decadal Change Atlas, 2017 ................................................................................ 7
5 Striving for Clean Air: Air Pollution and Public Health in South Asia ........................................... 8
6 Tiger Census ............................................................................................................................................. 9
7 Falling Long Term Growth Prospects: Trends, Expectations and Policies.............................. 10
THIRD SECTION ................................................................................................................................................... 11
Reports and Indices 16th to 30th April 2023 .......................................................................................... 14
2|Page
Reports and
Indices
1 to 15 April 2023
st th
3|Page
FIRST SECTION
1 Infertility Prevalence Estimates, 1990–2021
2 World Energy Transitions Outlook 2023: 1.5°C Pathway
4|Page
3 State Energy Efficiency Index (SEEI) 2021-22
5|Page
6|Page
4 National Wetland Decadal Change Atlas, 2017
7|Page
5 Striving for Clean Air: Air Pollution and Public Health in South Asia
8|Page
6 Tiger Census
9|Page
7 Falling Long Term Growth Prospects: Trends, Expectations and Policies
10 | P a g e
THIRD SECTION

• Mumbai has been included in the list for the
second consecutive year.
• Tree Cities of the World certificate (TCW)
certificate was awarded to Brihanmumbai
Municipal Corporation (BMC) authorities.
• Mumbai fulfilled the five ADF criteria for the
award.
o Determining responsibilities for tree
care.
Arbor Day Foundation
o Setting rules to govern urban forests
(ADF) and the Food and tree management.
World Tree City o Maintaining an up-to-date inventory
1. and Agriculture
or assessment of local tree assets.
2022 list
Organization (FAO) of o Allocating resources for a tree
management plan.
the United Nations(UN)
o Organizing an annual tree festival to
educate citizens.
• In 2021, Mumbai shared the honour of being
included in the World Tree City list with
Hyderabad.
• TCW programme was launched in 2019.
• ADF has planted more than 35 crore trees
worldwide in the past 50 years, with a target
of 50 crore more trees by 2027.
• United Arab Emirates (UAE) topped with a
mobility score of 181.
o followed by Sweden, Germany,
Finland, Luxembourg, Spain, France,
Passport Index
2. Arton Capital Italy, the Netherlands, and Austria.
2023 • South Korea(highest score of 174 in South
Asia): 12 Rank.
th
• Japan(score of 172): 26 Rank.

th
• Total countries: 199
11 | P a g e
• India
o In 2023
▪ Ranked 144 with a mobility
th
score of 70.
▪ Slipped six ranks.
• In 2022
▪ Ranked 138 with a mobility
th
score of 73.
• In January, India ranked 85th out of 199
countries in the Henley Passport Index.
• The Indian tech SME sector is expected to

grow in double digits to reach $40 billion by
FY30.
• The tech SME sector is expected to
contribute 7-9% to the overall FY23E tech
industry revenue at $15-$20 billion, higher
than the pre-pandemic share of the tech
industry at 4-6%.
• The sector is estimated to close FY23 with
740,000 employees, with hiring for digital
skills growing 2 times faster than traditional
India’s Tech SMEs: tech talent in FY20.
• North America accounts for 50-55% of the
Rising In The Nasscom and
3. Indian tech SME revenue, followed by Europe
Global Digital ProHance
at 19-20%, and the domestic market at 17-
Arena 18% in FY23E.
o SMEs are also increasing their
presence in the Asia-Pacific(APAC)
region by making inroads into non-
traditional Japanese and Australian
markets and exploring deeper
penetration into the Middle East
markets like UAE and Saudi Arabia.
• Cloud, Digital Engineering Services,
Advanced AI/ML & Analytics and IoT &
Blockchain constitute key digital talent areas
for the sector in FY23E.
• Karnataka has achieved the top rank among
the 18 large and mid-sized states with
populations over one crore.
• Other state’s rank
o Tamil Nadu: 2 nd
o Telangana: 3 rd
o Gujarat: 4 th
o Uttar Pradesh: 18 (lowest)th
• The list of seven small states with a

India Justice Tata Trusts population less than one crore.
4. o Topped by Sikkim
Report (IJR) 2022
▪ Followed by Arunachal
Pradesh and Tripura.
▪ Goa is at rank seven (lowest)
Four pillars of justice delivery
• Police
• Judiciary
• Prisons
• Legal Aid
• 2022 is the third edition.
12 | P a g e
• Delhi airport is the 9th busiest airport.
o with passenger traffic of over 5.94
crore (59.4 million).
o Delhi airport has bettered its ranking
from 13th in 2021 and 17th in 2019.
o Delhi airport is the only airport from
South and South East Asia to feature
in the top 10 list.
• Topped by Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta

International Airport (93.7 million
passengers).
Top 10 busiest
Airports Council
5. airports in the
International (ACI)
o Followed by Dallas Fort Worth Airport
world for 2022 (DFW), Denver Airport (DEN), and
Chicago O'Hare Airport (ORD).
• Dubai Airport ranked 5th with 66.1 million

passengers, representing a 127% increase.
• The top 10 airports for total passenger traffic
witnessed a gain of 51.7% from 2021,
amounting to an 85.9% recovery vis-à-vis
their 2019 results.
• Global passenger traffic reached close to 7
billion in 2022, representing an increase of
53.5% from 2021, or a 73.8% recovery from
2019 results.
*************
13 | P a g e
Reports and
Indices
16th to 30th April 2023
14 | P a g e
Contents
FIRST SECTION .................................................................................................................................................... 16
8 7th Logistic Performance Index (LPI): Connecting to Compete .................................................. 16
9 Promoting Millets in Diets: Best Practices across States/UTs of India .................................... 17
10 National Health Accounts Estimate 2019-20 .............................................................................. 17
11 State of the World’s Children 2023: For Every Child, Vaccination ............................................ 19
12 Technology and Innovation Report 2023 .................................................................................... 20
13 First Census of Water Bodies in India ........................................................................................... 21
THIRD SECTION ................................................................................................................................................... 23
15 | P a g e
FIRST SECTION
8 7th Logistic Performance Index (LPI): Connecting to Compete
16 | P a g e
9 Promoting Millets in Diets: Best Practices across States/UTs of India
10 National Health Accounts Estimate 2019-20
17 | P a g e
18 | P a g e
11 State of the World’s Children 2023: For Every Child, Vaccination
19 | P a g e
12 Technology and Innovation Report 2023
20 | P a g e
13 First Census of Water Bodies in India
21 | P a g e
22 | P a g e
THIRD SECTION

• New York City is the world's
wealthiest city with 58 billionaires,
World’s Wealthiest followed by Tokyo and The Bay Area
6. Cities Report 2023 Henley & Partners (USA) at the second and third spot
respectively.
• Mumbai featured at No 21, with 29
billionaires.
23 | P a g e
• Bengaluru got a special mention as
one of the fastest-growing cities in
the Asia Pacific.
• In 2022, payment modes like UPI,
Debit and Credit cards, Prepaid
Payment Instruments – Mobile and
Prepaid cards processed 87.92 billion
transactions worth INR 149.5 trillion
• UPI dominated digital transactions in
2022, with payments worth Rs 126
lakh crore recorded, says a report.
• UPI recorded a 91% increase in
volume and over 76% increase in
value in the year 2022 compared to
2021.
• Top 3 UPI apps in terms of volume and
India Digital
value were: PhonePe, Google Pay, and
7. Payments Annual Worldline
Paytm Payments Bank App
Report
• Top 3 UPI Remitter Banks are: State
Bank of India, HDFC Bank, Bank of
Baroda
• Top 3 UPI Beneficiary Banks: Paytm
Payments Bank, YES Bank.
• The top 3 states & UT with the highest
transactions for at physical touch
points in 2022 were Kerala,
Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu.
• Top 3 cities with the highest number
of transactions at physical touch
points in 2022 were Bengaluru, New
Delhi, Mumbai.
• India continues to be the world's 3rd-
largest country with the highest
number of unicorns, following the US
and China.
Global Unicorn • Number of Indian unicorns
Index 2023 The Hurun Research
8. established outside of India is higher
Institute
than those located within India.
• The list further disclosed that India
has a total of 138 unicorns.
• According to Index, Swiggy, Dream11
and BYJU'S, are India's top unicorns.
24 | P a g e

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ReportsTap - 1st To 30th November 2022 Lyst8557

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NOVEMBER - 2022

1st to 15th November

1.2 Dynamic Ground Water Resource Assessment Report

1.5 Climate and Development: An Agenda for Action

1.6 Global Status Report on Physical Activity 2022

1.7 World Global TB Report 2022

1.8 2022 NDC Synthesis Report

1.9 Emissions Gap Report 2022

1.10 World Energy Outlook 2022

1.11 Performance Grading Index (PGI) 2020-21

Key findings of the report-

 Rain Water Harvesting: 21%

1.13 Why this is India’s Decade

1.14 Reinvigorating India’s Economic Engagements with Southern Africa

1.15 Powering India’s Energy Vision 2030

1.16 World Heritage Glaciers – Sentinels of Climate Change

1.18 Climate Transparency Report 2022

1.19 Arm’s production capabilities in the Indo pacific region

1.20 Arms industry

1.21 2022 Forest Deceleration Assessment

16th to 30th November

1.23 Annual Performance of Institution’s Innovation Council (IIC4.0) Academic Year

1.24 Estimates of GDP – Q2 (July-September) of 2022-23

1.25 Periodic Labour Force Survey (July – September 2022)

1.27 Handbook of Statistics on Indian States 2021-22

1.28 EASE 5.0 Reform Index Q1 FY23

1.29 Report on Municipal Finances

1.30 World Population Prospects (WPP) Report 2022

1.32 Preserving Progress on Nutrition in India: Poshan Abhiyaan in Pandemic Times

Rank Larger States Smaller States UTs

1.33 Quarterly Numbers of Public Sector Banks (PSBs)

1.35 APAC (Asia Pacific Region) Outlook: A coming Downshift

1.36 Global Employability University Ranking and Survey (GEURS) Report

1.37 World Intellectual Property Indicators 2022

1.38 India 2023 Outlook

S. Name of Report Published By Highlights

1st to 15th December

1 Smuggling in India Report 2021-22

Key findings of the report-

3 Turning the tide on internal displacement: A development approach to solutions

Key findings of the report-

4 Climate Investment Opportunities in India’s Cooling Sector

Key findings of the report-

 Sustainable Space Cooling:

5 Global report on health equity for persons with disabilities

Key findings of the report-

6 Grassroot Soldiers: Role of ASHAs and ANMs in the Covid-19 Pandemic

Key findings of the report-

7 Renewables 2022 – Analysis and forecasts to 2027

Key findings of the report-

India specific findings

Key findings of the report-

9 India Development Update - Navigating the Storm

Key findings of the report-

11 Review of Maritime Transport 2022

12 S&P Economic Outlook

13 Preventing Injuries and Violence – An Overview

S. No. Name of Report Published By Highlights

 Unique Identification Authority of India

16th to 31st December

14 Social Progress Index (SPI)

Key findings of the report-

18 World Malaria Report 2022