1 THE GLOBAL

COVENANT OF MAYORS
Pier Roberto Remitti - International Urban Cooperation
Jakarta, 12/02/2019
 IUC and international agendas

With a budget over 20 ML EUR, the

IUC programme boosts international
urban cooperation with EU partners in
Asia and the Americas, supporting all
the main international Urban and
Climate Agendas, as:
Habitat III goals
the Paris Agreement
the UN Agenda 2030 Sustainable
Dev. Goals
 IUC and GCoM: growing together

January 2017 marked the

operational launch of the Global
Covenant of Mayors for Climate &
Energy.

Since the first quarter of 2017,

regional Covenant offices in North
America, Latin America & the
Caribbean, China & South-East
Asia, India and Japan are running
to provide assistance to
signatories in these regions. This
happens within the IUC Project.
WHAT IS THE GLOBAL COVENANT OF MAYORS?
Announced on June 22, 2016 and “live” since January 2017, The Global Covenant
of Mayors for Climate & Energy is an international coalition of local and regional
authorities with a shared long-term vision of promoting and supporting voluntary
action to combat climate change and move to a low-carbon society, based on the
following core principles:
• Local Governments are Key Contributors

• City Networks as Critical Partners

• A Robust Solution Agenda

• Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Fostering 4

Local Climate Resilience and Access to Energy

• Standardizing measurement approaches and

reporting for cities
GCOM FOUNDERS COUNCIL AND
PARTNERS
• The Founders Council is made up of founding partners to both the
Compact of Mayors and the Covenant of Mayors
• Includes: The C40 Cities Climate Leadership Group, ICLEI – Local
Governments for Sustainability, United Cities and Local Governments
(UCLG), UN Habitat, European Commission, European Union
Committee of the Regions, Climate Alliance, Council of European
Municipalities and Regions (CEMR) , Eurocities, Energy Cities and
European Federation of Agencies and Regions for Energy and the
Environment (FEDARENE)

• Key partners in Indonesia: UCLG ASPAC, APEKSI,ICLEI, CDP,

……….

5
WHY IS THE GLOBAL COVENANT
IMPORTANT?
• Creates the largest coalition of cities and local governments supported by global and
local city networks, committed to greater climate impact and recognition

• Recognizes that “climate action” is about improving quality of life, creating new jobs and
economic opportunities, while ensuring a climate safe for future generations.

• Values vertical alignment and collaboration across all levels of government in support of
local action

• Makes all city data on local actions available to the public in one place in a consistent
way – for the first time ever

• Creates an “evidence base” for increased investment in urban low carbon infrastructure

6
GLOBAL COVENANT OF MAYORS MISSION

The broadest international alliance of cities and local

governments committed to local climate leadership

The Global Covenant of Mayors serves cities and local governments by

Through regular, standardized reporting that links to NDC’s, the
Meeting or exceeding national targets
Paris Agreement, and that captures current and future
impacts/potential

mobilizing and supporting ambitious, measurable, planned climate and

Captured through climate action plans that are
strategic and investment-ready

energy action in their communities by working with city/regional networks,

Initiatives, programs and comprehensive planning

national governments and other partners to achieve our vision.

UN Habitat, UN-SG (GCST), UNFCCC, city
organizations, NGOs and civil society

7
CITY-LEVEL COMMITMENT TO TRANSPARENCY HELPS ACCELERATE GLOBAL
8000 CLIMATE DIPLOMACY EU Covenant
Reporting

6400

4800

3200

1600

0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
November 2010 September 2011 November 2013 September 2014 December 2015 June 2016 January 2017 September 2018
Mexico City Pact EU Covenant Extranet COP 19 Warsaw Compact of Mayors COP 21 Paris Agreement GCoM Merger GCoM Launches GCAS Summit San
COP 16 Cancun Reporting Platform First official cities Launches Announced Francisco
CDP Cities and carbon Update convening as part of
Climate Registry (cCR) COP programming December 2014 December 2016 December 2018
Launches COP 20 Lima COP 22 Marrakesch COP 24 Katowice
Launch of LPAA created Launch of Marrakech
Partnership – further
opportunity to enhancing collaboration
demonstrate between national
commitment of governments and
non-state actors non-state actions
Current Global Reach and Impact 9,266 CITIES

129 COUNTRIES

800+ MILLION
PEOPLE

10.51% OF THE
GLOBAL
POPULATION

CITIES COULD
COLLECTVELY
REDUCE 1.4
BILLION TONS
PER YEAR IN 2030

NEW GLOBAL
COMMON
REPORTING
FRAMEWORK

9
SCOPE OF THE GLOBAL COVENANT COMMITMENT

Mitigation
• Cities and local governments are required to
establish emission reduction targets (striving to be at
Adaptation
least as ambitious as NDCs), and voluntarily track
commitments for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
reductions (also referred to as low emission
Energy
development targets)

1
0
SCOPE OF THE GLOBAL COVENANT COMMITMENT

• Cities and local governments also commit to

Mitigation voluntarily track climate hazards, vulnerabilities and
risks and develop and implement adaptation action.

Adaptation

Energy

11
SCOPE OF THE GLOBAL COVENANT COMMITMENT

Mitigation

• Commitment to increase access to clean and

Adaptation
affordable energy

Energy

1
2
UNLOCKING URBAN ACTION – GCOM AGGREGATE IMPACT
POTENTIAL

13
 WHAT IS THE GLOBAL COVENANT OF MAYORS
OFFERING TO CITIES:

High international recognition and

visibility for your city’s climate and
energy action
Credible commitments through progress
review and monitoring
Secure long-term support for your
climate and energy actions
Boost access to financing for your local
climate and energy projects
 WHAT IS THE GLOBAL COVENANT OF MAYORS
OFFERING TO CITIES:

Innovative ways to network, exchange

experiences and build capacity through
regular events, twinning, webinars or
online discussions

Receive tailored guidance and practical

support (help-desk), guidance material
and tools

Quick access to “excellence know-how”

and inspiring case studies
GCOM INITIATIVES

• Data4Cities
– Development of new reporting standard, city database
and website to open up access to data for cities to
support climate action planning

• Innovate4Cities
– Research and innovation agenda to catalyse the
scientific advances necessary to better equip cities
with the intelligence and tools to take even more
ambitious climate action

• Invest4Cities
– Invest4Cities call to raise $800M for technical
assistance and credit enhancement financing, and
pilot vertically integrated NDC investment plans for 2
countries.

16
INNOVATE4CITIES: CO-CREATING A CITIES RESEARCH AND INNOVATION AGENDA

• Bold new commitment to develop a

City Research and Innovation
Agenda

• Innovate4Cities will catalyze the

scientific advances necessary to
better equip cities with the
intelligence and tools to take even
more ambitious climate action, and
reinforce the importance of cities’
needs in national research agendas

• The Edmonton Declaration has

galvanized the Innovate4Cities
agenda with a bold call to action to
seriously consider the role of
research, innovation and data in
building ambitious climate action
plans

17
INVEST4CITIES: BUILDING CLIMATE FINANCE PARTNERSHIPS

• Recommendations to remove Invest4Cities Partnerships

barriers to adequate financial
investment in city climate projects,
using high-level advocates/surrogates
to engage with decision makers and
investors.

• Leverage private capital needed to

raise the ambition of the NDCs using
public funds as seed money. Initial
partnerships announced in December
2017 with target to announce major
deliverable(s) by September 2018 at
the Global Action Summit in “NDC Call to Action” for Latin America
California.

• Call to action for vertical integration of

investment plans to implement the
Paris Climate Agreement, with aim to
develop vertically integrated plans
for two countries.

18
 DATA4CITIES: ESTABLISHING PRINCIPLES FOR HARMONIZED DATA AND REPORTING
 
GCoM reporting Existing GAPs evidenced Priority
framework step plans/projects/activities and IUC work stream Order
Common reporting framework for key
Baseline GHGs Developed in 2015 with GCoM partner Need updating for Progress Report to GCoM,
data on city emissions, targets, risks and 1
Emissions Inventory (ICLEI, WRI, UN Habitat, etc.) by using same reporting platform
2
actions, announced at GCAS and will
Targets setting for Only very partially done in 2015 (10% Need of scaling up to targets consistent with
launch on January 1, 2019 2 GHGs emissions GHGs reduction by 2030, well below the NDC 2
reduction the national NDC) Support on city stakeholders involvement
City data portal under development. On Developed in 2017 with local
Risk and Vulnerability Need integration/extension to the whole city
track for testing with determination of go- 3 consultants, but only for coastal/flood
territory
1
Assessment prone areas
live before 2018
Various city’s plans (mobility, wastes,
Need for a coordinated and integrated CAP at
housing) include climate-related
Co-benefits report and data visualization 4 Climate Action Plan measures and actions, but not in a
city level to avoid overlapping, conflicts and 2
gaps among different sector plans
tool released for public use coordinated way
87% of households already connected
No urgent gaps identified
Annual impact report on the GCoM at 5 Energy Access Plan
to electricity grid. Remaining
households mostly in remote rural and
Enhance usage of renewables for remote NO need
COP24 to showcase the total potential rural areas
hilly areas
represented by all 9,100 + committed Waiting for definition of verification
6 Monitoring/Verification No urgent gaps identified NO need
cities mechanism at national level
Projects defined at various stages. Some
Small and large infrastructures
Climate Finance access projects mature for realisation.
Partnership with Google to open their 7 identified for adaptation by the
IUC can help to identify proper donors and
1
and mobilization Risk/Vulnerability analysis
proprietary data for public benefit and to channels
automate generation of GCoM-compliant IUC can help to prioritise and create a
Very low level of climate-related pipeline process to improve the rate of
emissions inventories ( 8 CAP implementation projects so far projects/actions realisation, even through PPP
2
https://insights.sustainability.google/) mechanisms

19
 IF YOU CAN’T MEASURE IT, YOU CAN’T
MANAGE IT!!!!

Objectives of A COMMON GLOBAL REPORTING FRAMEWORK:

• Supporting solid climate action planning, implementation and

monitoring phases – while streamlining measurement and reporting
procedures

• Allowing global aggregation and comparison of data from different

regions

• Showcasing achievements & tracking progress transparently – thus

advocating with cities and their networks for better multilevel governance,
and for improved technical and financial support
GHG Inventories – Stationary Energy
• Mandatory:
– Emissions from fuel combustion and consumption of grid-supplied energy, disaggregated
by:
i. residential buildings,
ii. commercial buildings and facilities,
iii. institutional buildings and facilities,
iv. industry and
v. agriculture, forestry, and fisheries.
– Fugitive Emissions within the city boundary
• Recommended:
– Emissions from sources covered by a regional or national emissions trading scheme (ETS),
or similar, should be identified.
GHG Inventories – Transportation
• Mandatory:
– Emissions from fuel combustion and use of grid-supplied energy for transportation,
disaggregated by:
i. on-road (recommended by fleet type: municipal, public, private and commercial),
ii. rail (recommended by fleet type: municipal, public, private and commercial),
iii. waterborne navigation,
iv. aviation, and
v. off-road.
• Flexibility:
– Emissions from waterborne navigation, aviation, and off-road are unlikely to occur or be
significant in most cities, so notations key “Not Occurring” (NO) shall be used in this case.
Pier Roberto Remitti - IUC/india Programme Coordinator|| New Delhi, 07/09/2017
Pier Roberto Remitti - IUC/india Programme Coordinator|| New Delhi, 07/09/2017
GHG Inventories – AD and EFs
• Mandatory:
– AD and EFs for all sources of emissions, disaggregated by activity / fuel type.
– Emissions of: CO2, CH4, and N2O.
– Reported in metric tCO2e. Where possible, local governments should report CO2e
emissions by individual GHG.
– Biogenic carbon not required. Where reported, this shall be categorized separately and
will not be counted in emissions totals.
• Recommended:
– Local governments should use IPCC EFs, though may use LCA EFs where required
for reporting at the national level. If LCA EFs are used, municipalities shall consent to
GCoM recalculating their inventory using activity-based emission factors for the
purpose of aggregating inventories’ data.
Notation Keys
• NO - not occurring: An activity or process does not occur or exist
within the city. May also be used for insignificant sources.
• IE - included elsewhere: GHG emissions for this activity are
estimated and presented in another category in the same
inventory, stating where it is added.
• NE - not estimated: GHG emissions occur but have not been
estimated or reported, with a justification why.
• C - confidential: GHG emissions which could lead to the disclosure
of confidential information, and as such as not reported publicly.
Target Setting
• Boundary: consistent with GHG inventory (any discrepancies
specified/justified)
• Type: base year; base year intensity; baseline scenario or fixed-
level
• Target year: same as NDC or as set by national chapter (for
target years beyond 2030, interim 2030 target shall be included)
• Base year: same as NDC or as set by national chapter
• Ambition: as ambitious as unconditional components of NDC
Pier Roberto Remitti - IUC/india Programme Coordinator|| New Delhi, 07/09/2017
Identification of Climate Hazards
• Mandatory:
– Current risk level (probability x consequence) of the hazard
– Description of expected future impacts
– Expected intensity, frequency, and timescale of the hazard
– At least five sectors, assets, or services that are expected to be most
impacted by the hazard in future and the magnitude of the impact for
each of them
– Vulnerable population groups (e.g. poor, elderly, youth, people with
chronic disease, unemployed, etc.) that are expected to be most
affected by future hazards
Adaptive Capacity
• Mandatory:
– Identify factors that will most greatly affect the government’s
and city’s adaptive capacity and enhance climate resilience
including:
i. Description of the factor as it relates to (supporting or
challenging) the adaptive capacity
ii. Degree to which the factor challenges (as opposed to
supports) the adaptive capacity and obstructs enhanced
climate resilience
Pier Roberto Remitti - IUC/india Programme Coordinator|| New Delhi, 07/09/2017
Climate Action Plans - Report
• Mandatory:
– Description of the stakeholder engagement processes
– Mitigation target(s) and/or adaptation / climate resilience goal(s).
– All actions of priority sectors.
– Descriptions for each action
– The local government(s) which formally adopted of the plan and the date
– Synergies, trade-offs, and co-benefits of mitigation and adaptation actions
– Lead author team/Action Plan responsible/coordination team
• Recommended:
– Prioritization of actions
– Policy instrument(s) to implement the actions
Pier Roberto Remitti - IUC/india Programme Coordinator|| New Delhi, 07/09/2017
Pier Roberto Remitti - IUC/india Programme Coordinator|| New Delhi, 07/09/2017
ASSISTANCE ON CAPS IN INDONESIA

1. Capacity building on CAPs

development (overall cycle)
to:
25 cities

2. Direct technical assistance

for development of pilot CAPs
to:
5 cities
GCoM members in the region
South Korea Indonesia Malaysia Vietnam
8 18 2 0
1. Ansan City 1. Balikpapan 1. Iskandar none
2. Changwon 2. Banda Aceh 2. Seberang
3. Daegu Metro 3. Bandung Perai
City 4. Banjarmasin
4. Dangjin City 5. Bogor
5. Jeonju City 6. Bontang
6. Nam-Gu, 7. Jakarta
Incheon 8. Jambi
7. Seoul 9. Kendari
8. Suwon 10.Kupang
11.Malang
12.Mataram
13.Padang
14.Probolinngo
15.Sukabumi
16.Surabaya
17.Tanjungpinang
18.Tarakan City
GCoM members in the region
South Korea Indonesia Malaysia Vietnam
8 18 2 0
1. Ansan City 1. Balikpapan 1. Iskandar none
2. Changwon 2. Banda Aceh 2. Seberang
3. Daegu Metro 3. Bandung Perai
City 4. Banjarmasin
4. Dangjin City 5. Bogor
5. Jeonju City 6. Bontang
6. Nam-Gu, 7. Jakarta
Incheon 8. Jambi
7. Seoul 9. Kendari
8. Suwon 10.Kupang
11.Malang
12.Mataram
13.Padang
14.Probolinngo
15.Sukabumi
16.Surabaya
17.Tanjungpinang
18.Tarakan City
 WHAT WILL BE REQUIRED TO CITIES JOINING
THE GCOM?

1. Signing Commitment letter on Green house

gas reduction and climate adaptation with
GCoM
2. Submit a Climate Action Plan including
emissions inventory - target setting (Mitigation
- Adptation), actions
3. Implement the city's Climate Action Plan
4. Conduct periodical monitoring of the CAP
implementation and submit monitoring report
How to join GCoM?
Entry points:

• the regional/national helpdesk (

helpdesk@iuc-asia.eu),

• GCoM’s Asia website (

www.asian-mayors.eu),

• GCoM`s Global website (

www.globalcovenantofmayors.org)

• any of the City Networks supporting

GCoM in the region
FOLLOW US ON:

https://www.asian-mayors.eu/

helpdesk@iuc-asia.eu

+62 813 1128 7863 (Indonesia)

+86 10 5820 6889 (China)

This programme is funded by

@IUC_Asia the European Union
and
implemented by a Consortium
led by Ramboll, DK