NERVOUS SYSTEM

DISORDERS
Nicole Lynn Bangaan Kathleen Gwen Pascua Alyssa Indelible Gianna Rain Bustos
-Nevous System -Vascular Disease -Infections -Structural Disorder

Gerly Ann Dehlin Catherine Tabtab

-Functional Disorder -Denegration
NERVOUS
SYSTEM
is a complex
sophisticated system that
regulates and coordinates
body activities.
 2 Major Divisions:

i. Central nervous system

ii. Peripheral nervous

system
Central Nervous Sytem
Brain:
Awareness Seeing
Hearing
Movement
Feeling
Thinking
Tasting
Speech
Smelling
 Central Nervous Sytem
Spinal Cord
- carries messages to and from the
brain via the network of peripheral nerves
connected to it
Peripheral Nervous Sytem
Peripheral nerves reside outside your brain
and spinal cord. They relay information
between your brain and the rest of your
body.
 Peripheral Nervous Sytem
The peripheral nervous system is divided into two
main parts:
1. Autonomic nervous system (ANS): Controls
involuntary bodily functions and regulates glands.
2. Somatic nervous system (SNS): Controls muscle
movement and relays information from ears, eyes
and skin to the central nervous system.
 Disorders of the Nervous
Sytem

Vascular Structural Functional

Infections Denegration
Disease Disorder Disorder

Vascular Disease
Kathleen Gwen Pascua
 Vascular Disease
Vascular disease includes any condition that
affects your circulatory system, or system of
blood vessels.
They include: hypertension, stroke,
aneurysms, and peripheral artery disease
(PAD).
Vascular Disease
Types of Vascular Disease
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD) - in the
legs or lower extremities is the narrowing or
blockage of the vessels that carry blood from
the heart to the legs.
Types of Vascular Disorder
Renal artery disease - occurs when the
arteries that supply blood to your kidneys
become stiff and narrow. This narrowing
prevents your kidneys from receiving the
oxygen-rich blood they need to function
properly.
Types of Vascular Disorder
Buerger's disease - affects blood vessels in the
body. Blood vessels swell, which can prevent
blood flow, causing clots to form. This can
lead to pain, tissue damage, and even
gangrene (the death or decay of body tissues).
Infections
Alyssa Indelible
 Infections

is the invasion and growth of germs in the

body. The germs may be bacteria, viruses,
yeast, fungi, or other microorganisms.
Infections can begin anywhere in the body
and may spread all through it.
Infections

Meningitis Encephalitis Polio

 Meningitis
An inflammation (swelling) of the linings that protect the brain and
spinal cord is known as meningitis.
Symptoms:
- A high temperature (fever)
- Being sick
- Headache
- Rash that does not fade when a glass is rolled over
- Stiff neck
- Drowsiness or unresponsiveness
- Seizures
 6 Types of Meningitis
1. Bacterial Meningitis
2. Viral Meningitis
3. Fungal Meningitis
4. Parasitic Meningitis
5. Chronic Meningitis
6. Non-Infectious Meningitis
 Encephalitis
Occurs when the active brain tissues inflames due to an infection or
an inflammatory reaction. The swelling of the brain brought on by the
inflammation can result in headaches, stiff necks, light sensitivity,
mental confusion, and seizures.
Symptoms:
fever
headache
flu-like symptoms
photophobia or increased sensitivity to light
weakness
 Polio
Poliomyelitis, sometimes known as polio, is a contagious disease. The
poliovirus is the root cause. The nervous system is attacked by the
virus. Serious cases can result in paralysis, which prevents you from
moving certain body parts.

Symptoms:
Progressive muscle or joint weakness and pain.
Fatigue.
Muscle wasting (atrophy)
Breathing or swallowing problems.
Sleep-related breathing disorders, such as sleep apnea.
Decreased tolerance of cold temperatures.
Structural Disorder
Gianna Rain Bustos
 Structural Disorder
When an organ or other internal structure
appears incorrect and as a result does not
function properly. These are usually simple to
spot, and following a more thorough
diagnosis, doctors.
 Structural Disorder

Brain or Spinal Bell's Palsy Cervical

Cord Injury Spondyolosis

 Structural Disorder

Brain and Spinal Peripheral Guillan-Barre

Cord Tumor Neuropathy Syndrome

 Brain or Spinal Cord Injury

The most common cause of traumatic brain and spinal injuries is
excessive force applied to the affected bodily component. When this
occurs, the brain or spinal cord are injured because the body's own
defenses—the skull and spine—cannot stop the damage.

Bell's Palsy
A syndrome that renders the muscles in the face temporarily weak or
paralyzed. It results in headaches, facial drooping, and taste loss,
heightened sensitivity to sound, dry mouth, dry eyes, and facial paralysis
on one side of the face.
 Cervical Spondiolosis
A disorder brought on by aging that affects the neck's joints and
cartilage-lined discs.

Brain and Spinal Cord Tumor

Brain and spinal cord tumors are unnaturally growing masses of
tissue that can be detected inside the skull or the bony spinal
column. The two main parts of the central nervous system are the
brain and spinal cord (CNS).
 Peripheral Neuropathy
A condition that affects the peripheral nerves and results in
discomfort, numbness, and weakness in the hands and feet.

Guillan-Barre Syndrome
A condition of the immune system where immune cells target the
nerves and result in weakness and tingling in the arms and legs.
 Functional
Neurological
Disorder
Gerly Ann Delin
 Functional Disorder
Functional neurological disorder (FND) is a
medical condition in which there is a problem
with the functioning of the nervous system
and how the brain and body sends and/or
receives signals
 Functional Disorder
Headache
-a pain in your head or face that's often described as
a pressure that's throbbing, constant, sharp or dull.
-Headaches can differ greatly in regard to pain type,
severity, location and frequency.
-Headaches are a very common condition that most
people will experience many times during their lives.

Functional Disorder
Symptoms
Dull, aching head pain
Sensation of tightness or pressure across the forehead or on the
sides and back of the head
Tenderness in the scalp, neck and shoulder muscles

Types of Headache
Migraine headache
Tension headache
Hypnic headache
Cluster

headache
 Functional Disorder
Epilepsy
-Epilepsy is a central nervous system (neurological) disorder in
which brain activity becomes abnormal, causing seizures or periods
of unusual behavior, sensations and sometimes loss of awareness.
-Epilepsy is a brain disease where nerve cells don’t signal properly,
which causes seizures. Seizures are uncontrolled bursts of electrical
activities that change sensations, behaviors, awareness and muscle
movements.
 Functional Disorder
Symptoms
Temporary loss of awareness or consciousness.
Uncontrolled muscle movements, muscle jerking, loss of muscle tone.
Blank stare or “staring into space” look.
Temporary confusion, slowed thinking, problems with talking and
understanding.
Changes in hearing, vision, taste, smell, feelings of numbness or tingling.
Problems talking or understanding.
Upset stomach, waves of heat or cold, goosebumps.
Functional Disorder
Causes of epilepsy
• Genetic
•Head Injury
•Brain Injury
•Immune Disorders
Functional Disorder
Dizziness
-Vertigo and dizziness are common terms used to describe several
sensations, such as spinning (vertigo), light-headedness or near
fainting (presyncope), and loss of balance or unsteadiness
(disequilibrium).

Causes of Dizziness
-Possible causes of dizziness include vertigo, dehydration,
hypoglycemia, and neurological conditions.

Functional Disorder
Neuralgia

-is a stabbing, burning and often severe pain due to an

irritated or damaged nerve. The nerve may be anywhere
in the body, and the damage may be caused by several
things, including: aging, diseases such as diabetes or
multiple sclerosis.

Degeneration
Catherine Tabtab
 Degeneration

A disease in which the function or structure of the

affected tissues or organs changes for the worse over
time.

 Degeneration
Effect on body activities:
• Balance
• Movement
• Talking
• Breathing
• Heart function
 Degeneration
Effect on body activities: Causes:
• Balance • Alcoholism
• Movement • Tumor
• Talking • Stroke
• Breathing • Toxins
• Heart function • Chemicals
 Degeneration
Degenerative nerve diseases:
• Parkinson Disease
• Multiple Sclerosis
• Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
• Huntington’s deases
• Alzheimer’s disease
Parkinson's
disease
A brain disorder that causes
unintended or uncontrollable
movements, such as shaking,
stiffness, and difficulty with balance
and coordination.
Multiple
Sclerosis
a condition that can affect the brain and
spinal cord, causing a wide range of
potential symptoms, including problems
with vision, arm or leg movement,
sensation or balance.
Amyotrophic
Lateral
Sclerosis
it affects the nerve cells
(neurons) responsible for
controlling voluntary muscle
movement. The cause is
inherited in 5% to 10% of
people.
 Huntington's
disease
is a condition that stops parts of the
brain working properly over time. It is
an inherited from a person parents.
Alzheimer's
disease
the most common type of dementia. It is
a progressive disease beginning with
mild memory loss and possibly leading
to loss of the ability to carry on a
conversation and respond to the
environment.
Thank you for listening!