MOCULE 1

Lesson 1: SW as defined in RA 4374 as amended by RA 10847

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Objective:

At the end of the session, the students shall be able to understand the following:
a. Define SW as a profession
b. Discuss basic core concepts in social work; the interrelationship

SOCIAL WORK

SW as defined in RA 4373

⮚ Is the profession which is primarily concerned with organized social service activity
aimed to facilitate and strengthen basic social relationships and the mutual adjustments
between individuals and their social environment for the good of the individual and of
society.

https://www.prc.gov.ph/sites/default/files/Social%20Workers%20Law%20-20RA%20No.%204373_0.PDF

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2016/05/23/republic-act-no-10847/

GLOBAL DEFINITION of SW (IFSW)

The following definition was approved by the International Federation of Social Workers FSW
General Meeting and the IASSW General Assembly  in July 2014:

⮚ Social work is a practice profession and an academic discipline that recognizes that
interconnected historical, socio-economic, cultural, spatial, political and personal factors
serve as opportunities and/or barriers to human wellbeing and development. Structural
barriers contribute to the perpetuation of inequalities, discrimination, exploitation and
oppression. The development of critical consciousness through reflecting on structural
sources of oppression and/or privilege, on the basis of criteria such as race, class,
language, religion, gender, disability, culture and sexual orientation, and developing
action strategies towards addressing structural and personal barriers are central to
emancipatory practice where the goals are the empowerment and liberation of people.
In solidarity with those who are disadvantaged, the profession strives to alleviate
poverty, liberate the vulnerable and oppressed, and promote social inclusion and social
cohesion.

The social change mandate is based on the premise that social work intervention takes
place when the current situation, be this at the level of the person, family, small group,
community or society, is deemed to be in need of change and development.  It is driven by the
need to challenge and change those structural conditions that contribute to marginalization,
social exclusion and oppression.  Social change initiatives recognize the place of human agency
in advancing human rights and economic, environmental, and social justice. The profession is
equally committed to the maintenance of social stability, insofar as such stability is not used to
marginalize, exclude or oppress any particular group of persons.

Social development is conceptualized to mean strategies for intervention, desired end

states and a policy framework, the latter in addition to the more popular residual and the
institutional frameworks. It is based on holistic biopsychosocial, spiritual assessments and
interventions that transcend the micro-macro divide, incorporating multiple system levels and
inter-sectorial and inter-professional collaboration, aimed at sustainable development.  It
prioritizes socio-structural and economic development, and does not subscribe to conventional
wisdom that economic growth is a prerequisite for social development.

(https://www.ifsw.org/what-is-social-work/global-definition-of-social-work/)

SOCIAL WORK

⮚ Is the profession which is concern with man’s adjustment to his environment; a person
or a group in relation to a person’s social situation, referred to as social functioning
which results from the performance from his various social roles in the society.
⮚ All Social Work efforts are focused on either helping the individual cope with the
demands of his/ her environment by adapting to or modifying it or doing both.
⮚ SW is not hit- or miss or trial- and error way of helping people but a professional service
which makes use of scientific knowledge and skills following a systematic process of
engaging people in problem- solving, using both human and material resources
⮚ Introduced in 1930s as a systematic method of helping people in the field of public
welfare in the Philippines, and became officially recognized as a profession with the
passage of a law by congress in 1965.

FUNCTIONS OF SOCIAL WORK

1. RESTORATIVE/CURATIVE/REMEDIAL/REHABILATIVE
When there is already a problem (to minimize/solve) remove the factors which
caused the breakdown/disequilibrium; put person back to normal/healthy state of
social functioning.

2. PREVENTIVE
 Early discovery, control, elimination of conditions/situations which cause
disequilibrium, have harmful effects on social functioning.

3. DEVELOPMENTAL
Help individuals make maximum use of their potentials and capacities, and
further the effectiveness of social and community resources.

SOCIAL WELFARE

⮚ “everything that men do for the good of society”

⮚ The organized system of social services and institutions, designed to aid individuals and
groups to attain satisfying standards of life and health. (Walter Friedlander)
⮚ Includes those laws, programs, benefits and services which assure or strengthen
provisions for meeting social needs recognized as basic to the well-being of the
population and the better functioning of the social order (Elizabeth Wickenden)

CATEGORY OF SOCIAL WELFARE

1. SOCIAL SECURITY
Refers to the whole set of compulsory measures instituted to protect the
individual and his family against the consequences of an avoidable interruption
or serious diminution of the earned income disposable for the maintenance of a
reasonable standard of living.
2. PERSONAL SOCIAL SERVICES
Refers to the service functions which have major bearing upon personal
problems, individual situation of stress, interpersonal helping or helping people
in need, and the provision of direct service in collaboration with workers from
government and voluntary agencies.
3. PUBLIC ASSISTANCE
Refers to materials/concrete aids/supports provided, usually by
government agencies, to people who have no income or means of support for
themselves and their families for reasons such as loss of employment, natural
disaster, etc.

PERSPECTIVE TO THE PROVISION OF SOCIAL WELFARE

1. RESIDUAL
Conceives of the social welfare structure as “temporary”, offered during
emergency situations and withdrawn when the regular social system – the family
and the economic system – is again working properly.
2. INSTITUTIONAL
 Sees social welfare as a proper, legitimate function of modern society.
That some individuals are not able to meet all their needs is considered a
“normal” condition and helping agencies are accepted as “regular” social
institutions.
3. DEVELOPMENTAL
To seek, identify and strengthen the maximum potential in individual,
groups and community.

SOCIAL SERVICE

⮚ Refers to the program, services and other activities provided under various auspices, to
concretely answer the needs and problems of the member of the society.

MOTIVATIONS OR REASONS FOR PROVIDING SOCIAL SERVICES

1. HUMANITARIAN AND SOCIAL JUSTICE GOALS

Is based on the belief that man has a the potential to realize himself, except that
physical, social, economic, psychological, and other factors sometimes hinder or prevent
him from realizing his potentials.
2. SOCIAL CONTROL GOAL
Is based on the recognition that needy, deprived, or disadvantaged groups may
strike out, individually and/or collectively, against what they consider to be an alienating
of defending society.
3. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTAL GOAL
Places priority on those programs designed to support increases in the
production of goods and services, and other resources that will contribute to economic
development.

SOCIAL FUNCTIONING

⮚ It is fulfilling one’s role in society in general to those in the immediate

environment and to oneself.
⮚ These functions include meeting one’s own basic needs and those of one’s
dependents and making positive contributions to society.
⮚ Defines individual’s interactions with their environment and the ability to fulfill
their role within such environments as work, social activities, and relationships
with partners and family.
 ⮚ SKIDMORE
Illustrates Social Functioning as a triangle with the following sides:

Satisfaction of Roles in life Positive Relationships with others

Feelings of self-worth

3 ACTIVITIES TO IMPOVE SOCIAL FUNCTIONING

1. SOCIAL CARE
Refers to those actions and efforts designed to provide people in need with
access to the basics of life and opportunities to meet their psychosocial needs.

2. SOCIAL TREATMENT
Involves actions designed to modify or correct an individual’s of family’s
dysfunctional patterns of thought, feeling, and behavior. The primary focus is facilitating
change through training, counseling, and other forms of therapy.

3. SOCIAL ENHANCEMENT SERVICE

Emphasizes the “growth and development of clients in a particular area of
functioning without a problem having necessarily been identified”

Social Functioning problems might be identified in the following areas:

⮚ Personal inadequacies or sometimes pathologies that make it difficult for the individual
to cope up with the demands of his/her situation or environment.
⮚ Environmental inadequacies or if the situation is such as to be beyond the coping
capacities of the individual; and
⮚ Inadequacies from both the individual and environment.

THE THREEFOLD BOTTOM LINE GOAL OF SOCIAL FUNCTIONING

1. An optimally social functioning person;

2. An environment that supports, sustains, and promotes the optimal social functioning of
the person; and
3. Balance reciprocal interactions between the person and his or her environment.
 FIVE FACTORS OF SOCIAL FUNCTIONING

1. MOTIVATION – what people want and how much they want it;
2. CAPACITY – internal resources that people bring to the change process, which include
his/her physical, emotional, psychological, or intellectual fitness or mal adaptiveness to
deal with and work out possible solutions for his/her problems;
3. OPPORTUNITY – conditions of the environment that invite and support change such as
the availability of support groups and other external resources;
4. SERVICE – professional actions aimed at the motivation, capacity, and opportunity
brought by the client, which includes the interventions of the social worker and the
social services within and outside of the social agency; and
5. PROBLEM – the situation that the client and social worker are addressing.

ASPECTS OF A PERSON THAT HELP EXPLAIN THE TECHNICAL TERM SOCIAL FUNCTIONING

BIOLOGICAL ASPECTS

Includes multiple systems that support and functioning of the human organism
(health, nutrition, genetics form birth)

PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS

Involves all conscious mental functions that affect the individuals’ ability to
mobilize their internal and external resources to satisfy personal needs and avoid
internal and external threats.

SOCIAL ASPECTS

Refers to all social systems within which the individual lives, relates with and in
influenced by (interpersonal, familial, social support, institutional and socio-cultural
systems that influences behavior)

SPIRITUAL ASPECTS

Refers to activities related to the individual’s search for meaning of life and
existence, which involves both transcendence (existence beyond the physical and
psychological) and immanence (discovery of the transcendent in the physical and
psychological world)

ECONOMIC ASPECTS

Refers to resource creation and utilization and income generating activities of

the person.

PERSON-IN –ENVIRONMENT

Perspective in social work is a practice-guiding principle that highlights the

importance of understanding an individual and individual behavior in light of the
environmental contexts in which that person lives and acts. It focus on the relationship
between the person and the systems he or she is interacting with and link that person to
needed services, resources and opportunities.

A social work framework that considers people in broad context of their

environment.
 The Person in environment (PIE) is the key concept and philosophy in the field of
social work that states that a person’s behavior can largely be understood by looking at
their environment, including their past environment.

Activity:

Reflection Paper:

Explain and differentiate Social Welfare, Social Services and Social Work.

Reading/Video Clip:

References:

Social Welfare and Social Work (3rd Edition) - By: THELMA LEE MENDOZA
Lesson 2: Historical Development Perspective of Social Work

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Objective:

At the end of the session, the students shall be able to understand the following:
a. Explain critically the evolution and development of social work and social welfare.
b. Describe the significant contribution of women in the evolution of major perspectives of
social work in UK, US, and Philippines

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE AND SOCIAL WORK IN EUROPE:

YEAR 1300:

⮚ Feudalism- a social system that existed in Europe in which people (serf) worked for
nobles (gentry) who gave them protection and care in return.

⮚ Judeo-Christian thought – rich people should provide help to the poor.

Good deeds
Love of one’s enemies Entry to heaven
Mercy and Charity

YEAR 1348:

⮚ Black Death - epidemic bubonic plague

- One-third of English population died
- caused labor shortage
- People migrated to search for competitive wages

YEAR 1349:

⮚ The Statute of Laborers – restricted the unemployed from

Moving

YEAR 1500:

⮚ Martin Luther – appealed to forbid begging and to organize a“common chest”

Able-bodied people – forbidden from begging

“Impotent poor” were assigned to legitimate areas where they could beg

Statute of 1536 – passed by Henry VIII

Paupers – register in their parishes only after 3 years of residency

Impotent poor – maintained by the parish through church collections

Able-bodied beggars – forced to work

Idle children – separated from parents and were trained

YEAR 1600:

⮚ Elizabeth Poor Laws

■ The provision was established for three categories of relief recipient, the able
bodied poor, the impotent poor, and dependent children.
■ For the able-bodied poor, employment was to be provided under pain of a session
jail or in the stocks for refusal to work.
■ Their terms were based upon three clear principles; first, the facility recognized that
it was the state’s duty to care for those unable to care for those unable to care for
themselves; second, they continued the distinction between the impotent poor and
the “sturdy baggers”, the farmers were to be cared for and the later punished;
third, the unit of the poor law relief was the perish (whose authorities were likely to
know, or to be able to discover the truth about the needs of the parishioners.
■ By the settlement act of 1662 each parish became responsible only for those who
had legal residence with in its bounds, which usually meant residence by birth.
■ “Indoor relief”- institutions called almshouses or poorhouses that provide food
and shelter to them
■ “Outdoor relief”- they’re outside institutions but receives material help
■ Able-bodied poor – provided any substandard employment available
■ Boys-were taught a trade and apprenticed until 24th
birthday.
Girls – to provide domestic help until 21 or married.

YEAR 1700:

⮚ Speenhamland System – supplemented the income of all poor people for survival

⮚ Unexpected Flops:
■ Wages fell
■ Unemployment soared because people did not have to work
YEAR 1800:

⮚ Speenhamland System was resented

■ It cost a fortune to support everyone
■ It created a dependent population which is not a solution to poverty

⮚ The Poor Law Revision of 1834

■ As the “framework of repression” “the doctrine of least eligibility meant” that the
condition of paupers shall in so eligible as the condition of persons of the lowest
class subsisting on the fruits of their own industry. It mattered not how low the
standard might be of the lowest paid common workman called compulsion.

■ Furthermore, it was recognized the state on occasion would have to exercise

compulsion in the best interests of both the community and the individual,
specifically instances involving restraint of vagrants, isolation of mental cases,
removal of children from unfit parents, compulsory schooling it is also called
“framework of prevention”.

YEAR 1900:

⮚ Cash payments provided for:

■ Pension for Windows of insured men with temporary for dependent children.
■ Allowances during childhood for the orphans of insured persons.
■ Old- age pensions for insured persons and for insured men between sixty-five and
seventy years of age.
■ The local government act of 1929 moved closer to the breakup of the old poor law,
which the minority report advocated.
■ The employment act of June 28, 1934 created an unemployment assistance board,
operating on a national scale throughout Great Britain.

⮚ The Beveridge Report:

■ On Nov 20, 1942 Sir William Beveridge chairman of inter –departmental committee
on social insurance and allied services presented the committee’s report to his
majesty’s government.
■ The report emphasized four major principles.
1. Every citizen to be covered.
2. The major risks of loss of earning power sickness, unemployment, accident, old
age, widowhood, maternity to be included in a single insurance.
3. A flat rate of benefit to be paid
4. Also without regard to income as a right to all who qualify.

⮚ In July 1945, the Labor party came into power and took favorable action upon most of the
other recommendations, including a national health services.
⮚ July 5, 1948, was the date set for the implementation of several programs such as
Contemporary public services in Britain , Income maintenance , Family allowance , National
health services and Personal social services.
⮚ Voluntary services: European background before the rise of modern Europe, throughout the
middle-ages the religious guides and craft associations also undertook to provide shelter
alms.

References:

• ARTHUR E.FINK.BASES FOR SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE, the assumption of responsibility, Page
no.22 to 45, professor emeritus, school of social work, university of North Carolina.
● By Devvrat Sharma MSW first semester Institute of social sciences Dr. BR Ambedkar
University Agra.
● Mendoza, Thelma Lee (2008), Social Welfare and Social Work, Revised Ed, Philippines,
Megabooks.

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE IN

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

⮚ Social work has developed through centuries like any other discipline.
⮚ It was developed through the practice of charity, social service, social welfare measures and
other forms of social works.
⮚ The earliest forms of social work activities were started from the beginning of the
seventeenth century, the colonist from England and other countries brought with them
customs, traditions, laws, and institutions from the mother country.
⮚ The traditional resources of the mother country such as church, charities, hospitals and
alms houses did not exist in the settlements.
⮚ According to the Elizabethan Poor Law, it is the responsibility of the local church to take
care of the destitute. Every town made provisions to the maintenance of the poor by
supplying food, clothing firewood, and household essentials to persons with legal
settlements.
⮚ The history of social work in the USA can be divided into the following stages;
■ First is - The Colonial Period (1620-1776)
■ Second is - The civil war and Industrial Revolutions (1776-1860)
■ Third is - The Industrialization - The human side (1860-1900)
■ Fourth is - Social work, seeking professional characteristics (1900-1930)
■ Fifth is - Highly professionalized discipline (1930-onwards)

ALM-HOUSE

⮚ The introduction of alms-house care did not improve the conditions of the poor. In alm-
houses, old, sick, tramps, vagabonds, disabled persons (blinds, deaf, mute, cripples), idiots,
 insane, orphans, foundlings, unmarried mothers with their children, prostitutes, and
criminals were put in these houses-often without separation of sexes or age groups.

POOR RELIEF

⮚ Private Charity Societies took initiatives to start orphanages and asylums, because they
objected to the placements of the children and helpless invalid and old people in mixed
alms houses where they are forced to live with other deviant behaviour’s. Private relief
societies were often affiliated with churches, fraternal orders, or national benevolent
associations and they became the leading progressive element in American Social Welfare
during the 19th century.
⮚ The states themselves assumed responsibility for certain classes of the poor such as the
insane, feeble-minded and convicted offenders for whom they were no adequate facilities.
⮚ Some local public relief authorities, under the influence of state boards of charity, began to
question the old concepts of poor relief…” (According to Friedlander’s published book –
Introduction to Social Welfare, 1950, p.87).

PRIVATE CHARITIES

⮚ After the reform in the poor relief act, private charities took the lead role in addressing the
issues of the disadvantaged. However, the activities of these private or religious agencies
were often limited to aid the special local groups.
⮚ In 1817, a constructive remedy for people in economic need was set up. The New York
Society for the Prevention of Pauperism, aiming to scientifically understand the cause of
poverty and develop a model of rehabilitation instead of mere palliative of financial issues.
⮚ The society assigned volunteers called “visitors of the indigent” as its agents. It established
an employment bureau, a savings bank and encourages the foundation of Mutual Aid-
Mutual Life insurance groups to protect their members against the economic hazards.
⮚ Church and Charitable Organization Associations for improving the conditions of the Poor
were started in 1843 in New York. The association assigned “friendly visitors” in every sub
districts of the city in order to determine the need and individual measures necessary in
each individual case.

CHARITY ORGANIZATION SOCIETIES (COS)

⮚ In 1877, Rev. Stephen Humpreys Gurteen, who has previously in London and was
acquainted with the Charity Organization Society, the movement was the first society of this
type organized in the United States at Buffalo, New York.
⮚ Although the founders of these societies believed that poverty was caused by personal
fault, the friendly visitors found there were other factors that cause destitution. They
recognized the unhealthy neighbourhood and housing conditions prevented the
maintenance of health and morals and low wages did not allow for the purchase of
adequate food and clothing, - even with careful housekeeping and thrifting.
⮚ The New York Charity Organization Society made revolution in the field of organized charity
work within 15 years by extending its activities to 92 American cities.
⮚ The charity organization societies started in Boston and Philadelphia in 1878 operated on
the following principles:
■ Detailed investigation on applications for charity.
■ A central system of registration to avoid duplication.
■ Co-operation between various relief agencies.
■ Extensive use of voluntary friendly visitors.
⮚ The introduction of C.O.S. gained momentum in promoting and enforcing social legislation
for improvement of housing and clearance of slums. The societies established employment
bureaus, loan societies, workshops, laundries, wayfarer’s lodge, shelters, training centres,
for the rehabilitation of the handicapped, blind, deaf and crippled. They also created
domestic training of girls, hospitals, dispensary, visiting nurses, recreation and summer
camps, nurseries for young children and other related facilities.

SETTLEMENT HOUSE MOVEMENT

⮚ Rapid urbanization, industrialization and immigration produced social settlement

movement in the USA.
⮚ The development of modern industry brought masses of workers and their families into the
city. They lived in overcrowded quarters, without comfort or space for their children, while
relatives and friends were left in native rural villages and towns where they had come from.
Large number of immigrants coming as immigrants to USA lived in overcrowded flats and
unsanitary conditions.
⮚ There was not much mutual understanding among the different racial and religious
backgrounds, and they spoke different languages. In 1887, Neighbourhood Guild of New
York City was founded based on the idea of Toynbee Hall in England. Soon, Hull-House in
Chicago, founded by Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr became popular.
⮚ This movement combined social advocacy and social service with proper intervention
through group work and neighbourhood organization strategies.
⮚ The settlement house workers established neighbourhood centres and offered services such
as citizenship training, adult education, counselling, recreation and day care.
⮚ The social group work, social action and community organization methods have emerged
from Settlement House Movement.

CHILD WELFARE MOVEMENT

⮚ The rapid growth of manufacturing industries aggravated the pathetic condition of children,
so Children Aid Society (1853) and Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (1857)
was started in New York City.
⮚ This led to the formation of Child Welfare Movement. The aim of the agencies was to
rescue children from inadequate homes and from the streets.

THE HULL HOUSE MODEL

⮚ Hull House, one of the first social settlements in North America. It was founded in Chicago
in 1889 when Jane Addams and Ellen Gates Starr rented an abandoned residence at 800
South Halsted Street that had been built by Charles G. Hull in 1856. Twelve large buildings
 were added from year to year until Hull House covered half a city block and included a
nearby playground and a large camp in Wisconsin. While traveling in Europe, Addams
visited Toynbee Hall, a pioneer settlement founded by Canon Samuel A.
Barnett in London’s impoverished East End. Finding there a group of university
undergraduate residents sharing companionship and working for social reform, she and
Starr decided to establish such a settlement in a comparable district in Chicago. After raising
enough funds to rent part of the Hull Mansion, Addams and Starr set out to aid the needy
immigrants in the Halsted Street area. Hull House opened as a kindergarten but soon
expanded to include a day nursery and an infancy care centre. Eventually its educational
facilities provided secondary and college-level extension classes as well as evening classes
on civil rights and civic duties. Through increased donations more buildings were purchased,
and Hull House became a complex, containing a gymnasium, social and cooperative clubs,
shops, housing for children, and playgrounds.
⮚ They met the needs of the neighbourhood through various programs: day nursery and
kindergarten, discussions and study groups, school of music, dramatics, and arts, classes in
rhythm and dancing, and workshops for children. School reforms activities which grew from
the experiences of Hull-House. (Friedlander, Introduction to Social Welfare, 1950, p. 112).
⮚ Residents of settlement houses became the championship of Social reform and they
become the pioneers of social action. Many active workers and volunteers of the Charity
Organization Societies felt the need for a deeper understanding of the behaviour of
individuals and of social and economic problems. This led to the organization of the first
Social Work courses in New York in 1898.

DEVELOPMENT OF PROFESSIONAL SOCIAL

WORK EDUCATION IN THE USA

⮚ The employment of paid staff and their training by Charity Organization Societies (COS)
facilitated a shift from the unorganized charity and social service to the beginning of an
organized and systematic social work.
⮚ The first such training center organized by New York Charity Organization Society (NYCOS)
in 1898 is currently known as the Columbia University.
⮚ Hospital based training and social work services were also initiated around the same time at
Boston Hospital.
⮚ World War I provided unique opportunities for social case workers to prove the necessity of
their skills.
⮚ Thus the prestige of social work rose up in war related activities such as the Red Cross home
services.
⮚ Mary E. Richmond could be considered the first professional social worker in the US
⮚ Later on she became practitioner, teacher and theoretician of the Charity Organization
Movement.
⮚ In the National Conference on Charities and Corrections held at Toronto, she advocated the
establishment of training schools for professional social workers (1897).
⮚ The other group of social workers like Jane Addams, Florence Kelly, Edith argued for
bringing of legislation to improve the working conditions of neighbourhood organizations.
⮚ The book 'Social Diagnosis' by Mary Richmond in 1917 is considered as the foundation for
the theoretical basis of social work.
⮚ Chicago School and Boston school formed the second and third schools of social work in the
USA respectively.
⮚ The American Association of Schools of Social Work was founded in 1919 to facilitate
communication among the schools.
⮚ Two movement in the Social Welfare that began at the end of the nineteenth century
shaped the development of Social Work profession: the Charity Organization Societies (COS)
in 1869 and the Settlement House: Toynbee Hall in 1884 in London, US adaptation of COS
in 1877 and the foundation of the Hull House in 1889.

(Van Wormer 1997, author of the social work book entitled- Social Welfare: A World
View, P.162; www.nobleprize.org/noble_prize/peace/laureates/1931/addams-
bio.html)

EMERGENCE OF THE SOCIAL WORK PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

National Association of Social Workers

⮚ In a quest for professional unity, several social work organizations merged in 1955 to form
the National Association of Social Workers (NASW). With a membership of in excess of
100,000 NASW is currently the main social work organization in the world.

Council of Social Work Education

⮚ The Council of Social Work Education (CSWE) shaped in 1952 became the standard-setting
organization for social work education.

EMERGENCE OF THE SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION

⮚ 1898 – Summer Institute started by the Hull House in Chicago became a summer school in
philanthropic work. (It’s a response to Mary Richmond speech at the National Conference
on Charities and Correction in Toronto)
⮚ 1899 – First ever school of Social Work began in Amsterdam: The Institute for Social Work
Training.
⮚ 1903 – The School of Sociology in London, with a two year course of theory and practice.
⮚ IN 1998 THE NASW declared it the 100th anniversary of Social Work profession.
■ Social Work education evolving in the United States and Europeans was an
indigenous response to the conditions of the livelihood and the rapid
development in the nineteenth century.
 ■ Social Work was introduced by the Americans and Europeans to other countries
in Asia and Africa as experts to address the problem of “underemployment”.
■ The introduction and reintroduction of modern Social Work in the countries of
former Soviet Unions and the eastern bloc including Russia, the nations of
Eastern Europe, China, Vietnam under the foreign influence (M. Healy,
International Social Work, 2001, p.20)

INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE

⮚ In 1928, the first International Conference of Social Work was held from July 8 th to 13th in
Paris, and in drew 2,481 delegates from 41 countries.
⮚ One section of the conference was devoted to Social Work Education.
⮚ The world meeting in Social Work and Social Welfare became regular after the first
conference.
⮚ The 1928 1st conference was also the birth place of three major organizations;
■ International Associations of Schools of Social Work – IASSW
■ International Federation of Social Worker – IFSW
■ International Council for Social Welfare – ICSW
References :

Mendoza, Thelma Lee (2008), Social Welfare and Social Work, Revised Ed, Philippines,
Megabooks.

www.nobleprize.org/noble_prize/peace/laureates/1931/addams-bio.html

www.britanica.com/encyclopedia,hull-house

Asian Social Institute Introduction to Social Work Module

THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE IN THE PHILIPPINES

THE PRE-HISTORIC PERIOD

⮚ The development of social welfare from the pre-historic period when filipinos lived in
barangays and practiced mutual aid to the period.
⮚ Pre-historic filipinos lived in small scattered communities usually located along mouths of
rivers and coastal plains.
⮚ These locations were preferred because rivers and bays provided water and food, and
means of transportation.
⮚ These communities were independent social units called “barangays”.
⮚ The head of the “barangay” was ruled by “dato”.
⮚ His responsibility was to oversee the welfare of the members of his barangay.
⮚ Social welfare work center on mutual protection and economic survival.

THE SPANISH PERIOD

⮚ Social and economic life with the coming of spaniards took many changes in the philippines.
⮚ Communities were grouped together to form pueblos.
⮚ Health and sanitation, personal maladjustment, and personal dislocation were among the
problems. There was also the problem of destitution or indigency.
⮚ Religion played an important role. Being religious means to do good to others for the
salvation of their souls.
⮚ It is the underlying philosophy behind all social welfare activities in the country.
⮚ During this period, hospitals, asylums and orphanages and schools were established.
⮚ 1565 – don miguel lopez de legaspi established the first hospital in cebu for the purpose of
attending to the wounded and the victims of diseases.
⮚ 1882 – hospicio de san jose was founded to house the aged and orphans, the mentally
defective and young boys requiring reform, but later limiting admission to children who
were discharged, later to be adopted or employed.

⮚ Established Hospitals :
■ San Lazaro Hospital founded in 1578
■ San Juan de Dios Hospital founded in 1596
■ San Gabriel (1587)
■ Hospital Real (1621); Nueva Caceres Naga in Naga (1645) and the Hospital for
Convalescent in Bagumbayan
■ Hospicio de San Jose and the
■ Hospital de Santiago in Manila and provinces
■ Hospital de Aguas Santas in Los Banos in 1602
■ Hospitalof the Sangleys for the Chinese in 1630
■ Hospital de Zamboanga in 1742
■ Lepers Hospital in Cebu in 1850
■ Sta. Cruz Infirmary in Laguna 1870
■ Lepers Hospital in Naga 1873

⮚ Established Asylum and Orphanage :

■ 1594- La Real Casa Misericordia
■ 1611- Venerable Third Order of Sampaloc
■ 1655- Archicofradiabde Nuestro Padre Jesus Nazareno de Recoletos
■ 1699- Real Y.V.O.T. de Santo Domingo
■ 1868- The Founding Hospital of San Jose for the mentally ill
■ Venerable Congregacion de Sacerdotes de San Pedro Apostol
■ 1882- an orphanage for girls in Mandaluyong and for boys in Tambobong
■ Nuestra Senora de la Consolacion and the Santo Tomas de Villanueva
⮚ Established Schools :

■ 1885- Asilo de San Vicente de Paul established for care and protection of
indigent and orphaned girls.
■ 1882- Hospicio d San Jose was founded.
■ 1565- Parochial School of Cebu founded by Agustinian friars
■ 1589- Colegio de San Ignacio1595 San Ildefonso College;
■ 1601- Colegio de San Jose
■ 1717- Colegio de San Felipe
■ 1754- Artillery School
■ 1817- Obras Pias
■ 1859- Ateneo de Manila out of the original Charity School for girls.
■ 1694- Santa Isabel
■ 1750-Santa Rosa
■ 1850- Public schools started.
■ 1899- National Association of the Red Cross was organized.

THE AMERICAN PERIOD

⮚ The americans introduced a new educational system, new health methods and religious
freedom.
⮚ Civil governmentcreated an agency, the insular board, to coordinate and supervise private
institutions engaged in welfare work.
⮚ The philippine general hospital was established in 1908.
⮚ On february 5, 1915, the american gov’t created the public welfare board to coordinate the
welfare activities of existing charitable organization.
⮚ In january, 1917, govt orphanage was set up in makati, rizal to operate as a welfare agency
and an initial step in child welfare services.
⮚ In 1900, some attempt was made to alleviate the condition of deaf childresn at the
philippine national history and in 1910, a school for the deaf and blind was organized.
⮚ In 1917, the associated charities of manila was founded to centralize the receipt and
distribution of donations to different charitable organizations.
⮚ In 1905, the phil. Chapter of the american red cross was established to take charge of
disaster relief and to administer american red cross funds from the united states.
⮚ In 1907, the la gota de leche was established to furnish child-caring institutions with fresh
cow’s milk.
⮚ In 1910, the philippine anti-tuberculosis society was organized with its aim of encouraging
research and data colllection about tuberculosis.
⮚ In 1913, the association de damas filipinas was organized by civic-spirited women to help
destitute mother and chiildren.
⮚ In 1921, the office of the public welfare commisioner it absorbed the functions of the public
welfare board.
⮚ The administration of social welfare in the philippines was marked by significant
developments when frank murphy became governor-general in 1933.
⮚ Scholarship grants for professional training in social work in the us were made available.
⮚ The murphy administration’s social welfare programs marked the first time the government
assumed full responsibility for the relief of the distressed due to any cause.

THE COMMONWEALTH PERIOD

⮚ In the fields of health and welfare, programs were expanded and improved and new
services were organized such as rural charity clinics, a quarantine service and a home for
mentally defective children.
⮚ Pres. Mauel l. Quezon, working for social justice to pass the anti usury laws, the eight-hour
law, fixing minimum wages.
⮚ In 1940, the office of the commissioner of health and public welfare was abolished and
replaced by a dept of health and public welfare
⮚ In 1941, an executive order established a public assistance service which took over the
activities that used to be performed by the associated charities had ceased to exit.

THE JAPANESE PERIOD

⮚ The second world war brought death and immesurable suffering to the country for three
years.
⮚ Social welfare during the period consisted mainly of giving medical care and treatment, as
well as food and clothing, to the wounded soldiers, porisoners, and civilians.
⮚ In 1943, food shortage became acute in manila, the bureau of public welfare had to cease
operations.
⮚ Relief work during this time was undertaken primarily by volunteer organization
⮚ Churches and convents were used as centers of relief operations with members of religious
organizations doing their share of volunteer work.
⮚ After the liberation, relief work continued to play an important role.
⮚ Other relief agencies were active in the distribution of goods to the needy.
⮚ Relief work done by private organizations:
■ Philippine Red Cross
■ Young Women’s Christian Association
■ National Federation of Women’s Leagues
⮚ Hospitals:
■ Philippine General Hospital
■ St. Luke’s Hospital
■ Mary Jonhston Hospital
■ North General Hospital

⮚ Other relief agencies:

 ■ Emergency Relief Office
■ Emergency Commission Administration
■ Philippine Civil Affairs Unit
■ Philippine Relief and Trade Rehabilitation Administration (PRATRA)
■ United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA )

THE POST-WAR YEARS

⮚ The bureau of public welfare re-opened in 1946. But lack of funds limited its operations.
⮚ Social welfare commission was placed under the office of the president.this signified that
social welfare was recognized as a responsibility of the state.
⮚ The war relief office wa placed under the control of social welfare commission.
⮚ The late forties saw the upsurge of new socio-economic and politicalproblems.
⮚ In1948, pres. Quirino created the president’s offfice action committee on social
amelioration. A comprehensive program of health, education, welfare, agriculture, public
works, and financing.
⮚ An international agency made its mark in the social welfare scene in the late forties. Unicef
became active in the phils. After 1948.

THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL WORK PROFESSION IN THE PHILIPPINES

ASSOCIATED CHARITIES

⮚ founded in 1917 as a family welfare agency

⮚ Considered as the “Mother” of social work profession in the Phil.
⮚ First to use casework as method of helping people
⮚ First to use social worker as full-time paid employees
⮚ First to hire a trained social worker
⮚ Josefa Jara Martinez – executive secretary, a government pensionada who had
obtained a SW diploma from the New York School of SW in 1921
⮚ Asuncion A. Perez – took over Mrs. Martinez ‘ job in 1920
⮚ Mrs. Martinez returned to her job at the Division of Dependent Children in the Office of
Public Welfare Commissioner and introduced new concepts in child welfare work

1930

⮚ Non degree social work courses being offered at the UP, a civil service examination was
given to social worker.
⮚ Associated Charities was already employing college graduates as home visitors, who
provided some kind of in-service training.
⮚ In the private sector, Catholic Women’s League and the National Federation of Women’s
Club, were employing trained SW as executive secretaries.
⮚ The idea of SW as a professional career must have taken root at about this period.
⮚ Several more Filipino women went to the United States to pursue academic training in
social work.

WORLD WAR II

⮚ Establishment of War Relief Office in 1946 to provide relief and rehabilitation services to
war victims resulted in employment of more Social Workers with full or little college
education.
⮚ Sixty people occupying social work positions had no formal training in social work.
⮚ Later WRO started to hire “relief grantees” employing people who had by then obtained
formal education in SW. and was followed by succeeding agencies ( Phil. Relief and Trade
Rehabilitation Administration (PRATRA,) President’s Action Committee in Social
Amelioration (PACSA )and Social Welfare Administration(SWA )
⮚ 1959- the reorganization of SWA provided for additional SW position and the practice of
“relief grantees” was officially stopped
⮚ 1948-Pres. Elpidio Quirino established the PACSA , a community development agency to
help with the problem os social unrest in countryside of
⮚ 1947-seven or eight social worker who had gone from US formed the Philippine Association
of Social Worker, for the main purpose of nurturing the development of social work
profession in the Phil.
⮚ 1950- the Philippine School of Social Work was established , offering a one-year degree
program called Master of Arts in Social Administration
⮚ Josefa Jara Martinez – school’s first director.
⮚ First graduates were mostly executives and supervisors of social welfare agencies.
⮚ Program was expanded to two years and the degree change to Master of Social Work.
⮚ University of the Philippines and Centro Escolar University started to offer SW course.
⮚ 1956- The Civil Service Commission gave a qualifying exam to social workers in govt.
agencies.
⮚ Early fifties the PSSW, CEU, UP and UST, were already offering a Bachelor’s Degree in SW.
⮚ Late fifties passage a law for the employment of social worker in public hospital.
⮚ SW main task was to do eligibility screening for patient seeking hospital treatment and
other forms of assistance, reinforcing the image of SW as” dispenser of relief “.
⮚ 1960’s- recognition of medical social worker in hospital, mental health clinic and psychiatric
ward.
⮚ July 1961, a big boost to the professionalization of social work was the launching of the
UNICEFS-Assisted Social Service Project of the SWA.
⮚ Its aim was to improve child welfare services by upgrading the competence of family and
child welfare workers.
⮚ 1967- The project was integrated into the SWA which gave impetus to other development.
⮚ Salaries of SWA personnel were upgraded.
⮚ New programs like child welfare were initiated; foster home care, adoption, child reception.
⮚ Requiring social workers to have at least a Bachelor’s Degree.
⮚ Also encourages social work research and production of social work literature.
⮚ June 19, 1965 Republic Act No. 4373 – regulating the practice of social work and the
operation of social work agencies (R.A. 4373).
⮚ March 1967 setting up of an Ad Hoc Committee composed of representative of schools.
⮚ November 1969 it formally organized into School of Social Work Association of the Phil.

THE POST WAR YEARS

⮚ In 1946 Bureau of Public Welfare re-opened.

⮚ October 4, 1947 the Bureau became the Social Welfare Commission, it offered 3
categories of services:
■ Child welfare work
■ public assistance
■ coordination and supervision
⮚ War Relief Office was placed under the control of the Social Welfare Commission.
⮚ Other activities of the new public welfare agency included;
(a) establishment of the Welfare Home for Women and Girls
(b) setting up of employment and related services under its Public assistance
department.
⮚ 1948 President’s Action Committee on Social Amelioration (PACSA) by Pres. Quirino to
counteract social unrest and insurgency chaired by Asuncion Perez who became SW
Commissioner provided comprehensive program of health, education, welfare,
agriculture, public works and financing.
⮚ After 1948 UN International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) provided basic health
services for mothers and children.

THE SOCIAL WELFARE ADMINISTRATION

⮚ On January 3, 1951 the SWC and PACSA; more professional Administration of public
welfare programs thru staff development and SW students internship; Division of Public
Assistance general and special assistance in form of material assistance; services in the
form of rehabilitation for employable disabled; skills training, education, health, Welfare
Division (casework and guidance to children, child protection services, case study for
delinquent children etc.)
⮚ Division of Rural Welfare services to land settlements areas, on Christian groups, victims
of dissidents and natural disaster, was created by Administrative Order No.7, Sept. 5,
1951.
⮚ 1954- SWA was reorganized.
⮚ 1949- Council of Welfare Agencies of the Philippines formally organized in 1952;
1988- became the National Council of Social Development (NCSD); Community Chest of
Greater Manila was organized. The council was established to; (a) study and define social
welfare problems and human needs;
 (b) To develop a coordinated plan of action to meet these needs;
(c) To help improve the standards of social services and
(d) To serve as the National Committee for the International Conference on Social
Welfare.

⮚ R.A. 4373 (the Social Work Law, 1967) - provides that no social welfare agency shall
operate and be accredited unless it shall first have registered with the Social Welfare
Administration which shall issue the corresponding certificate of registration.
⮚ R.A. 5416 (1968) - empowers the Department to :
(1) set standards and policies;
(2) accredit public and private institutions and organizations; and
(3) coordinate government efforts in social welfare work to avoid duplication,
friction and overlapping of responsibility in social services.

THE SCHOOLS OF SOCIAL WORK ASSOCIATION OF THE PHILIPPINES (NATIONAL ASSOCIATION

FOR SOCIAL WORK EDUCATION INC.)

⮚ RA 4373 (1965) an act to regulate the practice of social work a nd the operation of
social work agencies in the Phil.
⮚ Re assessment of the content of both undergraduate and graduate of SW curricula
became necessary for social work practice
⮚ 1967, 1968, 1969 - 3 national workshop on SW education to allow school transition
period to affect the necessary changes in their curricula
⮚ March 1967 first workshop resulted to formation to AD HOC COMMITTEE

■ Members and Representative Ad Hoc Committee

1. Mindanao State University
2. U P (Los Baños, Laguna)
3. Community Development Center
4. Phil. Rural Reconstruction Movement
5. Presidential Assistance for Community Development
6. SWA UNICEF – Assisted Social Service Project
7. PASWI
8. Board of Examiners
9. National Economic Council
SSWAP ACTIVITIES

⮚ 1971- preparation and submission to DepEd of an updated social work undergrad

curriculum.
⮚ Participation in the first South East regional Seminar for social work education held in
Bombay India.
⮚ 1972 to 1977 participation in integration of Population Education and Family Planning.
⮚ 1977 – PRC approved SSWAP’S recommendation that the board of examination
covering the following areas with the following weightage :
Human Behavior and Social Environment 20 %
Social Welfare Policy and Program 20 %
Social Work Practice/Method (Theory) 20 %
Field Practice 40 %

⮚ SSWAP Published several books includes :

Fundamentals of Social Work- 1983
Administration and supervision- 1985
Dictionary of Social work- 1988
Philippine Encyclopedia of Social Work- 2000
⮚ In 1990 SSWAP became National Association for Social Work Education (NASWEI)

OBJECTIVES OF NASWEI

1. Promote and maintain a high standard of social work, education and coordinate and
collaborate with duly authorized agencies for accreditation.
2. Standardized the social work curricula designed to prepare a qualified Professional
social workers and Professionals.
3. Serve as a national forum 0n issue related to the profession of social work in general in
particular and social work in general and social work.
4. Facilitate inter-school sharing of manpower and facilities.
5. Encourage and promote research and development of indigenous teaching materials
and other related resources.

PHILIPPINE ASSOCIATION OF SOCIAL WORKERS, INC.

⮚ National Organization for professional social workers in the country.

⮚ Founded on Nov. 12, 1947, incorporated on April 8, 1048 and re-incorporated with the
SEC on October 18, 1988 changing its name into Philippine Association of Social
Workers, Inc.
⮚ 2007 Annual Report sites:
- 36 active chapters and 1036 regular members.
 - member of the International Federation of Social
Workers (1.5 million professional social workers).

PASWI Objectives

⮚ Promote and maintain a professional standard of social work practice;

⮚ Strengthen the competence of members through the provision of opportunities for their
continuing professional growth and development;

⮚ Work for better understanding, acceptance and recognition of social work as a

profession;

⮚ Initiate the work of social legislation in social welfare and development through
effective actions;

⮚ Expand professional activities of the assoc. through the organization of local chapters
and development of linkages with international organizations devoted to human service.

⮚ Adopted the Philippine Social Work Code of Ethics on Nov. 24, 1964 and revised it on
Nov. 1998

⮚ Nominated to the President members of the Association who qualify to be members of

the Board for Social Workers- government regulatory board for social work.

⮚ Worked for the passage of RA 4373 in 1965, as well as amendments to this law with the
passage of RA 5175 in 1967.

⮚ Supported the passage of the Magna Carta for Public Social Workers (RA 9433 on April
11, 2007)

EXPANDED TERTIARY EDUCATION EQUIVALENCY AND ACCREDITATION PROGRAM (ETEEAP)

⮚ Promulgated on May 10, 1996 by Pres. Fidel V. Ramos to benefit deserving individuals,
to give them access to opportunities that will prepare them for higher value jobs
authorizing CHED to:
⮚ Certify after thorough evaluation, the pertinent work experiences and knowledge or
expertise acquired by individuals from higher level non-formal and informal trainings.
⮚ Determine the deficiencies of the applicant in order to provide academic
supplementation through formal course work in order to satisfy pertinent requirements
of a degree applied for.
⮚ Adopted in the context of the government’s desire to “take appropriate steps to make
education accessible to all.”
PRC Resolution #8 S 2003 Guidelines:

⮚ Application for the Licensure Examination in social work shall be evaluated on the basis
of solely of the provisions of RA 4373.
⮚ The Certificate of Experience based on “1000 case hours of practical training in an
established social work agency under the direct supervision of a fully trained and
qualified social worker”
⮚ Practical training or practicum for a particular profession presumes a prior acquisition of
expected knowledge, attitudes and skills to be applied in practice under supervision.
⮚ Schools concerned should thoroughly evaluate the applicant’s background and
documents presented.
⮚ Non degree social work courses being offered at the UP, a civil service examination was
given to social worker
⮚ Associated Charities was already employing college graduates as home visitors, who
provided some kind of in-service training.
⮚ In the private sector, Catholic Women’s League and the National Federation of
Women’s Club , were employing trained SW as executive secretaries.
⮚ The idea of SW as a professional career must have taken root at about this period.
⮚ Several more Filipino women went to the United States to pursue academic training in
social work.

THE SEVENTIES

⮚ September 8, 1976 – The Department of Social Welfare became the Department of

Social Services and Development shifting emphasis on the traditional, often institution-
based social welfare to community-oriented programs and services.

⮚ June 2, 1978 – President Marcos issued Presidential Decree No. 1397, converting
departments into ministries thus the Ministry of Social Services and Development. The
organizational structure, functions and programs remains the same.

⮚ The sixties and seventies marked the existence of voluntary organizations and
establishment of even more agencies.

THE EIGHTIES

⮚ The Self-Employment Assistance was upgraded to make it more responsive to its client’s
needs. Case Management System was launched. Social Welfare Indicators monitor the
level of well-being of the MSSD service users.
⮚ January 30, 1987 – President Corazon C. Aquino signed Executive Order No.
123, reorganizing MSSD and renaming it Department of Social Welfare and
Development. The Department was evolving from mere welfare or relief agency to the
 greater task of development. The approach taken by the agency during this period is
described as preventive and developmental, participative and client-managed.

THE NINETIES

⮚ 1991- RA 7160; Local Government Code- devolution of basic social services to the
LGUs, DSWD’s role from “rowing” to “steering”.
⮚ 1999- the country’s NGOs network launched the Philippine Council for NGO Certification
(PCNC)

THE NEW MILLENIUM

⮚ 2006 year-end Report, the DSWD cities its having intensified the implementation of pro-
poor programs.
⮚ NEDA defines NGOS as private, non-profit, voluntary organizations, they are classified
according to their levels of operations;
⮚ (1)primary NGOs also called people’s organizations and self-help groups
(2)secondary/intermediate NGOs
(3) tertiary NGOs

TODAY

⮚ Today, countless social agencies, organizations and institutions under private

sponsorship are engaged in the provision of many different social services. NGOs play a
very important role in supplementing the needs of the rising disadvantaged sectors in
our society.

References;
⮚ Mendoza, Thelma Lee (2008), Social Welfare and Social Work, Revised Ed,
Philippines, Megabooks.
⮚ https://developmentnetworking.wordpress.com/tag/josefa-jara-martinez/
⮚ www.slideshare.com
Lesson 3 LEGAL BASIS OF SOCIAL WORK

Objective:

At the end of the session, the students shall be able to Identify the legal bases of social work
profession.

Legal Bases of Social Work

RA 4373

“AN ACT TO REGULATE THE PRACTICE OF SOCIAL WORK AND THE OPERATION OF
SOCIAL WORK AGENCIES IN THE PHILIPPINES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES”

⮚ also known as the "Social Work Law", was passed on June 19, 1965
⮚ is an act to regulate the practice of social work and the operation of social
agencies in the Philippines and for the other purposes
⮚ this law defines Social Work as a profession which is primarily concerned with
organized social service activity aimed and strengthen basic social relationship
and the mutual adjustment between individuals and their social environment for
the good of the individual and of society.
⮚ Amended by Republic Act No. 5175 which was passed in 1967.

Significant features include:

⮚ Protection of the rights of social workers holding provisional appointment.

⮚ Qualification of Master's degree holders in social work for Board Examinations.

RA 5416

“AN ACT PROVIDING FOR COMPREHENSIVE SOCIAL SERVICES FOR INDIVIDUALS AND GOUPS
IN NEED OF ASSISTANCE, CREATING FOR THIS PURPOSE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE”

⮚ SOCIAL WELFARE ACT OF 1968, It is the responsibility of the government to

provide a comprehensive program of social welfare services designed to
ameliorate the living conditions of distressed Filipinos particularly those who
are handicapped by reason of poverty, youth, physical and mental disability,
illness and old age or who are victims of natural calamities including
assistance to members of the cultural minorities to facilitate their integration
into the body policy.
DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE SHALL DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT A COMPREHENSIVE
SOCIAL WELFARE PROGRAM CONSISTING OF:

⮚ Preventive and remedial programs and services for individuals, families and
communities;
⮚ Protective, remedial and developmental welfare services for children and youth;
⮚ Vocational rehabilitation and related services for the physically handicapped, ex-
convict and individuals with special needs;
⮚ Training and research and special projects.

The Department shall have the following powers and duties, among others:

⮚ To develop, administer and implement such social service programs as may be

needed to accomplish the objectives of this act.
⮚ To set standards and policies to ensure effective implementation of public and
private social welfare program;
⮚ To undertake research programs and studies on matters pertaining to family life,
the welfare needs of children and youth, the aged, the disabled and other
individuals, or groups with special needs;
⮚ To initiate and administer pilot social welfare projects designed to suit local
settings, problems and situations for possible implementation on a nation-wide
basis;
⮚ To credit institutions and organizations, public and private, engaged in social
welfare activity including the licensing of child caring and child placement
institutions and provide consultative services thereto;
⮚ To license and regulate public solicitations and fund drives for charitable or civil
purposes;
⮚ To provide consultative services and develop training programs for personnel,
students and third county participation;
⮚ To insure proper dissemination of information relative to social welfare
programs and activities; to push and issue technical bulletins on social welfare
programs;
⮚ To establish such regional, provincial, city and municipal branches and field
offices of the Department whenever and wherever it may be expedient or
necessary, and to supervise such branches;
⮚ To coordinate government and voluntary efforts in social welfare work to avoid
duplication, friction and overlapping of responsibility in social services;
 ⮚ To establish, administer and maintain such facilities as child caring institutions
and others, wherever and whenever it may be deemed necessary to carry out
the objectives of this Act; and
⮚ To establish rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provision
of this act.

RA 10847

“AN ACT LOWERING THE AGE REQUIREMENT FOR APPLICANTS TAKING THE BOARD
EXAMINATION FOR SOCIAL WORKERS, PROVIDING FOR CONTINUING SOCIAL WORK
EDUCATION, AND UPGRADING THE SUNDRY PROVISIONS RELATIVE TO THE PRACTICE OF
SOCIAL WORK”

There shall be created a Professional Regulatory Board for Social Workers, hereinafter
referred to as the Board, under the administrative control and supervision of the
Professional Regulation Commission, hereinafter referred to as the Commission, composed
of a Chairperson and four (4) embers who shall be appointed by the President of the
Philippines from a list of three (3) nominees for each position submitted by the accredited
integrated professional organization (AIPO) for social workers and ranked by the
Commission, and who, at the time of their appointment.

In order to be admitted to take the social worker examination, an applicant must, at the time of
filling of application therefor:

⮚ Be a citizen of the Philippines

⮚ Be at least eighteen (18) years of age
⮚ Be in good health and of good moral character
⮚ Have a Bachelor’s Degree or Masteral Degree or its equivalents in social work from an
institution, college or university.
⮚ Have completed a minimum of one thousand (1,000) case hours of Practical Training in
an established social work agency.

The same Act is hereby amended inserting Continuing Professional Development (CPD),
Integration of the Social Work Profession and Issuance of Special Temporary Permit (STP).

CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT (CPD)

⮚ All registered social workers must provide proof or earning forty five (45) units of
continuing CPD courses given by any CPD provider duly accredited by the CPD Council
for social workers as a requirement for the renewal of the professional identification
card of social workers.
INTEGRATION OF THE SOCIAL WORK PROFESSION

⮚ All registered and licensed social workers shall be united and integrated into one (1)
national organization which shall be accredited by the Board, subject to the approval of
the Commission, as the AIPO for social workers.

ISSUANCE OF SPECIAL TEMPORARY PERMIT

⮚ Special Temporary Permits (STPs) may be issued by the Board, subject to the approval of
the Commission and payment of the prescribed fees, to any of the following:
>> Foreign social workers called by the Philippine Government for a specific public
purpose or project

>> Foreign social workers to be employed by any domestic private firm/establishment;

>> Foreign social workers to be engaged as professors or lectures in a higher educational

institution or university for the enhancement of the social work education in the country, and

>>Foreign social workers, including volunteers, whose services are engaged during
disasters, calamities, or any emergency cases as may be determined by the Board.

THE STP SHALL PROVIDE, AMONG OTHERS, THAT;

⮚ The practice of the foreign professional shall be limited to the particular work for which
the foreigner is being engaged;
⮚ The validity of the STP shall be for one (1) year only, subject for renewal; and
⮚ The practice of the foreign social worker shall be subject to the applicable domestic laws
and regulations.

References:

Social Welfare and Social Work (3rd Edition) - By: THELMA LEE MENDOZA

www.prc.gov.ph

DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE SHALL DEVELOP AND IMPLEMENT A

COMPREHENSIVE SOCIAL WELFARE PROGRAM CONSISTING OF:

⮚ Preventive and remedial programs and services for individuals, families and
communities;
⮚ Protective, remedial and developmental welfare services for children and youth;
⮚ Vocational rehabilitation and related services for the physically handicapped, ex-
convict and individuals with special needs;
⮚ Training and research and special projects.

The Department shall have the following powers and

duties, among others:

⮚ To develop, administer and implement such social service programs as may be

needed to accomplish the objectives of this act.
⮚ To set standards and policies to ensure effective implementation of public and
private social welfare program;
⮚ To undertake research programs and studies on matters pertaining to family life,
the welfare needs of children and youth, the aged, the disabled and other
individuals, or groups with special needs;
⮚ To initiate and administer pilot social welfare projects designed to suit local
settings, problems and situations for possible implementation on a nation-wide
basis;
⮚ To credit institutions and organizations, public and private, engaged in social
welfare activity including the licensing of child caring and child placement
institutions and provide consultative services thereto;
⮚ To license and regulate public solicitations and fund drives for charitable or civil
purposes;
⮚ To provide consultative services and develop training programs for personnel,
students and third county participation;
⮚ To insure proper dissemination of information relative to social welfare
programs and activities; to push and issue technical bulletins on social welfare
programs;
⮚ To establish such regional, provincial, city and municipal branches and field
offices of the Department whenever and wherever it may be expedient or
necessary, and to supervise such branches;
⮚ To coordinate government and voluntary efforts in social welfare work to avoid
duplication, friction and overlapping of responsibility in social services;
⮚ To establish, administer and maintain such facilities as child caring institutions
and others, wherever and whenever it may be deemed necessary to carry out
the objectives of this Act; and
⮚ To establish rules and regulations as may be necessary to carry out the provision
of this act.
RA 10847

“AN ACT LOWERING THE AGE REQUIREMENT FOR APPLICANTS TAKING THE BOARD
EXAMINATION FOR SOCIAL WORKERS, PROVIDING FOR CONTINUING SOCIAL WORK
EDUCATION, AND UPGRADING THE SUNDRY PROVISIONS RELATIVE TO THE PRACTICE OF
SOCIAL WORK”

There shall be created a Professional Regulatory Board for Social Workers, hereinafter
referred to as the Board, under the administrative control and supervision of the
Professional Regulation Commission, hereinafter referred to as the Commission, composed
of a Chairperson and four (4) embers who shall be appointed by the President of the
Philippines from a list of three (3) nominees for each position submitted by the accredited
integrated professional organization (AIPO) for social workers and ranked by the
Commission, and who, at the time of their appointment.

In order to be admitted to take the social worker examination, an applicant

must, at the time of filling of application therefor:

⮚ Be a citizen of the Philippines

⮚ Be at least eighteen (18) years of age
⮚ Be in good health and of good moral character
⮚ Have a Bachelor’s Degree or Masteral Degree or its equivalents in social work from an
institution, college or university.
⮚ Have completed a minimum of one thousand (1,000) case hours of Practical Training in
an established social work agency.

The same Act is hereby amended inserting Continuing Professional Development (CPD),
Integration of the Social Work Profession and Issuance of Special Temporary Permit (STP).

CONTINUING PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT (CPD)

All registered social workers must provide proof or earning forty five (45) units of
continuing CPD courses given by any CPD provider duly accredited by the CPD Council
for social workers as a requirement for the renewal of the professional identification
card of social workers.
SUMMATIVE TEST:

Prepare for a long exam at the end of the lesson.

Readings or Film /Video Clips:

References:

Social Welfare and Social Work (3rd Edition) - By: THELMA LEE MENDOZA