Professional Documents
Culture Documents
PHRASAL VERBS
1. brush up (on) - to improve your knowledge of something already - cả i thiện, ô n lạ i, ô n tập
learned but partly forgotten:
2. come a(round) to - to change your opinion of something, often - thay đổ i quan điểm, ý định ( vì bị
influenced by another person's opinion. ả nh hưở ng bở i quan điểm củ a ngườ i
khá c
3. come up with - to suggest or think of an idea or plan - nghĩ ra ( ý kiến, kế hoạ ch)
4. face up to - to accept that a difficult situation exists - chấ p nhậ n, đố i mặt
5. figure out - to understand or solve something - hiểu, giả i quyết cá i gì
6. hit upon - to think of an idea when you didn't expect or - bấ t chợ nghĩ ra
intend to, especially one that solves a problem
7. make out - see, hear or understand s.o or sth with difficulties/ - thấ y, nghe, hiểu / đề nghị/ á m chỉ
suggest/ imply
8. mull over - to spend time thinking carefully about a plan or - xem xét kĩ, câ n nhắ c
proposal
SYNONYM: consider
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9. piece together - to understand a story, situation, etc. by taking all - hiểu đượ c, biết đượ c ( bằ ng cá ch
the facts and details about it and putting them gom, tổ ng hợ p dữ liệu)
together
10. puzzle out - to find the answer to a difficult or confusing - tìm ra câ u trả lờ i
problem by thinking carefully
SYNONYM: work out
11. read up ( on/ - to read a lot about a subject - đọ c nhiều ( về 1 chủ đề)
about)
12. swot up (on) - to study a particular subject very hard, especially - nghiên cứ u, ô n kĩ
in order to prepare for an exam
13. take in - to understand or remember something that you - hiểu, nhớ cái gì vừ a nghe, đọ c
hear or read - lừ a ai
- to make somebody believe something that is not - cho ai ở nhờ
true
- to allow somebody to stay in your home
14. think over - to consider something carefully, especially before - xem xét kĩ trướ c quyết định
reaching a decision
15. think through - to consider a problem or a possible course of - xem xét kĩ
action fully
16. think up - invent or imagine sth, especially an excuse - bịa, tưở ng tượ ng
IDIOMS
1. go to your head - If something goes to someone's head, it makes - nghĩ rằ ng, ả o tưở ng rằ ng mình quan
that person think that they are very important trọ ng hơn ngườ i khá c
and makes them a less pleasant person
2. have/ keep your wits - be able to think quickly and make sensible - có thể suy nghĩ nhanh và đưa ra
about you decisions quyết định hợ p lí
3. in the dark (about) - not knowing much about sth because other - khô ng biết cá i gì (vì ngườ i khá c giấ u
people keep it secret from you bạ n)
4. know what's what - If you know what's what, you have a lot of - biết rõ , hiểu rõ
experience and can judge people and situations
well
5. not have a leg to - to be in a situation in which you cannot prove - khô ng có cá ch nà o chứ ng minh rằ ng
stand on something: bạ n đú ng.
6. Not see the wood for - to be unable to get a general understanding of - khô ng nhìn thấ y đạ i cuộ c vì quá chú
the trees a situation because you are too worried about trọ ng tiểu tiết.
the details
7. Put two and two - to guess the truth about a situation from what - đoá n đượ c sự thậ t dự a và o điều mh
together you have seen or heard. thấ y và nghe.
8.Quick/ slow on the - If someone is quick/slow on the uptake, they - hiểu vấ n đề nhanh/ khó khă n
uptake understand things easily/with difficulty
9. Ring a bell - to sound familiar - nhớ mang má ng
10. Round the bend - mentally confused or unable to act in a - trở nên điên khù ng, khô ng thể hà nh
reasonable way// độ ng đú ng đắ n.
to become crazy
11. Split hairs - to argue about small details of something - tranh luậ n về nhữ ng điều nhỏ nhặ t
12. Take stock (of) - to think carefully about a situation or event - suy nghĩ kĩ, xem xét kĩ, câ n nhắ c
and form an opinion about it, so that you can
decide what to do.
13. To say the least - used to show that something is worse or more - ít nhấ t
serious than you are actually saying
COLLOCATIONS
1. account for - to be the explanation or cause of - giả i thích
something
SYNONYM: explain
2. (give) an account - To recount information about - kể lạ i, thuậ t lạ i thô ng
of someone or something to one. tin về ai đó .
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24. pick one's brain - to ask someone's advice about a - hỏ i xin lờ i khuyên củ a
subject the person knows a lot ai về chủ đề mà họ biết
about rõ .
25. rack your brain - to think very hard - nghĩ kĩ, nghĩ nát ó c
Brain 26. the brains - the person responsible for - ngườ i đứ ng sau
behind inventing, developing, or
organizing something
27. brainless - stupid - ngu ngố c
28. brainchild (of) - an idea or invention of one person - ý tưở ng, phá t minh
or a small group of people củ a ai
29. brainstorm - to all think about something at - độ ng nã o, nghĩ ra
the same time, often in order to
solve a problem or to create good
ideas
30. brainwash - to force somebody to accept your - tẩ y nã o
ideas or beliefs, for example by
repeating the same thing many
times or by preventing the person
from thinking clearly
31. brainwave - a sudden good idea - ý tưở ng bấ t chợ t
32. bring sth to - to bring (something) to a finish : - đi đến kết luậ n, kết
conclusion to end (something) thú c
33. come to/ arrive - đi đến kết luậ n
at/ reach a
conclusion
34. jum/ leap to - to make a decision about - vộ i và ng đi đến kết
Conclusion
conclusion something too quickly without luậ n
knowing all the facts
35. in conclusion - finally: - tó m lạ i là, cuố i cù ng là
36. conclusion of - kết luậ n củ a cá i gì
37. logical - kết luậ n logic, hợ p lí
conclusion
38. foregone - a result that is obvious to - kết quả hiển nhiên
conclusion everyone even before it happens
39. take into - xem xét, cân nhắ c
consideration
40. give - to spend some time thinking - xem xét, cân nhắ c kĩ
Consideration consideration to about something carefully cái gì
41. show - pay attention to the needs, - chú ý đến nhu cầ u,
consideration for wishes, or feelings of other people. nguyện vọ ng, cả m giá c
củ a ngườ i khá c
42. under - being currently discussed or - đang đượ c thả o luậ n
consideration deliberated
43.for sb's - For someone to think about - cho ai đó suy nghĩ, câ n
consideration something. nhắ c về điều gì
44. out of - On account of a kindly regard or - nhờ và o sự câ n nhắ c,
consideration for consideration for someone or tử tế củ a ai.
something else.
45. doubt that - nghi ngờ rằ ng
46. have your - to have questions or suspicions - nghi ngờ về ai/ cá i gì
doubts about about someone or something.
47. cast doubt on - to make people feel less certain - dấ y lên nghi ngờ
about something
Doubt 48. raise doubts - make sb have doubts - là m cho ai nghi ngờ
49. in doubt - do not know what to do about it - khô ng biết phải là m gì
50. doubt as to/ - khô ng chắ c chắ n, nghi
about ngờ về
51. beyond (any) - without question : definitely - khô ng nghi ngờ , chắ c
doubt chắ n
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135. take the view - to have an opinion (about - có ý kiến, quan điểm
that something) : to believe về cá i gì, tin rằ ng, cho
rằ ng
136. take a dim/ - If you take a dim view or take a - khô ng tán thà nh,
View
poor view of poor view of someone or khô ng đá nh giá cao.
something, you disapprove of them
or have a low opinion of them.
137. come into view - To suddenly emerge or become - bấ t thình lình xuấ t
visible hiện, trong tầ m mắ t
138. in view of - because of a particular thing, or - vì, bở i vì
considering a particular fact
139. with a view to - with the aim of doing something - vớ i mụ c tiêu, để mà
140. view on/ - quan điểm về cá i gì
about/ that
141. in sb's view - theo quan điểm củ a ai
142. viewpoint = Quan điểm
point of view
WORD FORM
143. assume /əˈsjuːm/ (v) - cho rằ ng , giả định, giả sử rằ ng
144. assumption /əˈsʌmpʃn/ (n) sự giả sử , sự giả định, sự cho rằ ng
145. assuming /əˈsjuːmɪŋ/ (conj) cho rằ ng, giả sử rằ ng
146. unassuming /ˌʌnəˈsjuːmɪŋ/ (adj) = modest : khiêm tố n
147. believe /bɪˈliːv/ (v) tin rằ ng
148. disbelieve /ˌdɪsbɪˈliːv/ (v) khô ng tin và o cá i gì
149. belief /bɪˈliːf/ (n) niềm tin, sự tin tưở ng
150. disbelief /ˌdɪsbɪˈliːf/ (n) mấ t niềm tin, khô ng tin
151. believer /bɪˈliːvə(r)/ (n) ngườ i tin và o cá i gì đó , tín đồ
152. disbeliever / ˌdɪsbɪˈliːvə/ (n) ngườ i hoà i nghi, khô ng tin
153. believable /bɪˈliːvəbl/ (adj) có thể tin đượ c
154. unbelievable /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl/ (adj) khô ng thể tin đượ c
155. disbelieving /ˌdɪsbɪˈliːvɪŋ/ (adj) nghi ngờ , khô ng tin
156. unbelievably /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbli/ (adv)= extremely : cự c kì
157. brilliant /ˈbrɪliənt/ (adj) xuấ t sắ c, thô ng minh, ấ n tượ ng
158. brilliance /ˈbrɪliəns/ (n) sự thô ng minh, khéo léo, xuấ t sắ c
159. brilliantly /ˈbrɪliəntli/ (adv) mộ t cá ch ấ n tượ ng, xuấ t sắ c
160. conceive /kənˈsiːv/ (v) nghĩ, hiểu, nhậ n thứ c, tưở ng tượ ng
161. conceptualise /kənˈseptʃuəlaɪz/ (v) hình thà nh ý tưở ng trong đầ u
162. concept /ˈkɒnsept/ (n) khá i niệm
163. conception /kənˈsepʃn/ (n) nhậ n thứ c, quan niệm
164. conceptual /kənˈseptʃuəl/ (adj) dự a trên khá i niệm, nhậ n thứ c
165. conceivable /kənˈsiːvəbl/ (adj) = possible: có thể
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166. inconceivable /ˌɪnkənˈsiːvəbl/ (adj) = unthinkable: khô ng thể tin đượ c đượ c,
khô ng thể tưở ng tượ ng đượ c
167. conceivably /kənˈsiːvəbli/ (adv) possibly : có thể
168. inconceivably /ˌɪnkənˈsiːvəbli/ (adv) 1 cá ch khó tính, khô ng thể tưở ng tượ ng
đượ c
169. confuse /kənˈfjuːz/ (v) là m lẫ n lộ n, mơ hồ , lộ n xộ n
170. confusing /kənˈfjuːzɪŋ/ (adj) khó hiểu, khô ng rõ rà ng
171. confusingly /kənˈfjuːzɪŋli/ (adv) theo cá ch khó hiểu, khô ng rõ rà ng
172. confusion /kənˈfjuːʒn/ (n) sự hỗ n lọ an, lộ n xộ n, mơ hồ
173. confused /kənˈfjuːzd/ (adj) cả m giá c mơ hồ , hỗ n loạ n, khô ng rõ
rà ng
174. convince /kənˈvɪns/ (v) thuyết phụ c, là m cho ai đó tin cá i gì là
đú ng
175. convinced /kənˈvɪnst/ (adj) hoàn toà n chắ c chắ n, hoà n toà n bị
thuyết phụ c
176. convincing /kənˈvɪnsɪŋ/ (adj) Có tính thuyết phụ c
177. conviction /kənˈvɪkʃn/ (n) sự kết á n, kết tộ i// sự tin chắ c, thuyết
phụ c
178. unconvincing /ˌʌnkənˈvɪnsɪŋ/ (adj) khô ng thuyết phụ c
179. unconvinced /ˌʌnkənˈvɪnst/ (adj) khô ng tin, khô ng bị thuyết phụ c
180. decide /dɪˈsaɪd/ (v) quyết định
181. decision /dɪˈsɪʒn/ (n) sự quyết định
182. decider /dɪˈsaɪdə(r)/ (n) trậ n đấ u, vò ng đua… quyết định
183. decisive /dɪˈsaɪsɪv/ (adj) quyết đoá n
184. decisively /dɪˈsaɪsɪvli/ (adv) mộ t cá ch quyết đoá n
185. decisiveness /dɪˈsaɪsɪvnəs/ (n) sự quyết đoá n
186. indecisive /ˌɪndɪˈsaɪsɪv/ (adj) khô ng quyết đoá n
187. deciding /dɪˈsaɪ.dɪŋ/ (adj) quan trọ ng, mang tính chấ t quyết định
188. define /dɪˈfaɪn/ (v) định nghĩa
189. definition /ˌdefɪˈnɪʃn/ (n) định nghĩa
190. defined / dɪˈfaɪnd / (adj) sá ng sủ a, đượ c định nghĩa, đượ c xá c
định
191. definitive /dɪˈfɪnətɪv/ (adj) cuố i cù ng, khô ng thể thay đổ i
192. definitively /dɪˈfɪnətɪvli/ (adv) cuố i cù ng, theo mộ t cá ch khô ng thể
thay đổ i
193. definite /ˈdefɪnət/ (adj) chắ c chắ n, rõ rà ng, hiển nhiên
194. definitely /ˈdefɪnətli/ (adv) chắ c chắ n
195. doubt /daʊt/ (v,n) nghi ngờ
196. doubter /ˈdaʊtə(r)/ (n) ngườ i hay nghi ngờ
197. doubtful /ˈdaʊtfl/ (adj) cả m giá c nghi ngờ , khô ng chắ c chắ n
198. doubtfully /ˈdaʊtfəli/ (adv) mộ t cá ch nghi ngờ
199. undoubtedly /ʌnˈdaʊtɪdli/ (adv) chắ c chắ n, khô ng nghi ngờ gì nữ a
200. doubtless /ˈdaʊtləs/ (adj) gầ n như chắ c chắ n, khô ng nghi ngờ
201. explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ (v) giải thích
202. explanation /ˌekspləˈneɪʃn/ (n) sự giả i thích
203. explanatory /ɪkˈsplænətri/ (adj) có tính lí giải, giả i thích, thanh minh
204. unexplained /ˌʌnɪkˈspleɪnd/ (adj) khô ng đượ c biết đến, khô ng đượ c giả i
thích
205. explicable /ɪkˈsplɪkəbl/ (adj) có thể đượ c giả i thích, có thể hiểu
/ˈeksplɪkəbl/
206. inexplicable /ˌɪnɪkˈsplɪkəbl/ (adj) khô ng thể đượ c hiểu, giả i thích
207. inexplicably /ˌɪnɪkˈsplɪkəbli/ (adj) theo cá ch khô ng thể đượ c hiểu, giả i
thích
208. imagine /ɪˈmædʒɪn/ (v) tưở ng tượ ng
209. imagination /ɪˌmædʒɪˈneɪʃn/ (n) sự tưở ng tượ ng, khả năng tưở ng tượ ng
210. imaginings /ɪˈmædʒɪnɪŋz/ (n) ( plural) nhữ ng điều tưở ng tượ ng
211. imaginary /ɪˈmædʒɪnəri/ (adj) có tính chấ t tưở ng tượ ng, trong trí
tưở ng tượ ng
212. imaginable /ɪˈmædʒɪnəbl/ (adj) có thể tưở ng tượ ng
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4. alternative (n, adj) - a thing that you can choose to do or have out of two or - thay thế
/ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/ more possibilities
- different from the usual or conventional - khá c
5. amend (v) /əˈmend/ - to change a law, document, statement, etc. slightly in - sử a đổ i
order to correct a mistake or to improve it
6. conservative (adj) - opposed to great or sudden social change; showing - bả o thủ
/kənˈsɜːvətɪv/ that you prefer traditional styles and values
7. convert (v, n) - to change to a new religion, belief, opinion, etc., or to - biến đổ i, chuyển đổ i
/kənˈvɜːt/ make someone do this
-someone who changes their beliefs, habits, or way of - ngườ i cả i đạ o
living
8. decay (v, n)/dɪˈkeɪ/ - to become gradually damaged, worse, or less; to cause - Suy tà n , đổ ná t, hư
something to do this hỏ ng
- the process or result of being destroyed by natural
causes or by not being cared for (= of decaying) - sự suy tà n, đổ ná t, thố i
rữ a
9. deteriorate (v) - to become worse - trở nên tệ hơn
/dɪˈtɪəriəreɪt/
10.distort (v) /dɪˈstɔːt/ - to change the shape of something so that it looks - bó p méo, xuyên tạ c, vặ n
strange or unnatural vẹo
11. dynamic (adj) - having a lot of energy and a strong personality - năng độ ng
/daɪˈnæmɪk/
12. endure (v)/ɪn - to experience and deal with something that is painful - chịu đự ng
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/ˈnuːkliər/
54.offline (adj,adv) - using a computer, but not connected to the Internet - ngoạ i tuyến
/ˌɔːfˈlaɪn/ - not directly controlled by or connected to a computer
or to the internet
55. online (adj,adv) - on the internet - trự c tuyến
/ˌɒnˈlaɪn/ - available on or done using the internet or other
computer network
56. primitive ( adj) - belonging to a simple way of life that existed in the - nguyên thủ y
/ˈprɪmətɪv/ past and does not have modern industries and
machines
57. programmer (n) - a person whose job is writing computer programs - lậ p trình viên
/ˈprəʊɡræmə(r)/
58. resource (n) - something that gives help, support etc when needed; a - nguồ n
/rɪˈsɔːs/ supply; a means
59. technique (n) - a particular way of doing something, especially one in - kỹ thuậ t, chuyên mô n
/tekˈniːk/ which you have to learn special skills
60. upload (v) /ˌʌp - to transfer programs or data from a smaller computer - tải lên
ˈləʊd/ system (= a client) to a larger one (= a host), especially
over the Internet
PHRASAL VERBS
61. back up - to give support to someone by - yểm trợ , hỗ trợ
telling other people that you
agree with them
- make a copy of information on
your computer - sao chép, sao lưu
62. change around - to move things so that they are - thay đổ i ( xung quanh)
in different places or positions
63. change into - to stop being in one state, - biến đổ i thà nh
condition, or form and start
being in another, or to make
something do this
64. change out of - To remove an item of clothing - thay ( đồ , trang phụ c…)
in order to put on a different one
65. do away with - to stop or eliminate something - loạ i bỏ (cá i gì đó )
66. do up - repair, paint and improve an old - sử a chữ a, sơn, cả i thiện…
building, car, boat, etc; fasten ( an
item of clothing)
67. fade away - disappear slowly - nhạ t dầ n, mờ dầ n, bieén mấ t dầ n
68. key in - to put information into a - nhập thô ng tin, dữ liệu bằ ng bà n
computer or a machine using a phím
keyboard
69. make into - to change something into - biến thứ gì đó thà nh thứ khá c
something else
70. mix up - a mistake that causes confusion. - gâ y ra nhầ m lẫ n
- to think that one person or
thing is another person or thing
71. switch on/off - to turn a light, machine, etc. - bậ t/ tắt cô ng tắ c ( má y mó c,..)
(off/on by pressing a button or
switch
72. take apart - to separate something into all - thá o ra, tá ch ra ( thà nh nhiều
its different parts mả nh )
73. test out - try using something such as a - kiểm tra, thử nghiệm
machine or product to find out
whether it works correctly or is
satisfactory
74. turn into - to change or develop into - biến thà nh cá i gì
something different - biến thà nh ai đó khá c
- to make someone or something
change or develop into
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something different
75. use up - to use all of a supply of - dù ng hết
something
76. wear out - to use something until no - mò n, sờ n
longer in good condition or
working order.
IDIOMS
77. a leopard can't/doesn't - something you say that means a person's - bả n chấ t khó thay đổ i,
change its spots character, especially if it is bad, will not change, (tương tự câ u giang sơn dễ
even if they pretend that it will đổ i, bả n tính khó rờ i)
78. all mod cons - the modern facilities in a house that make it - nhữ ng ( thiết bị trong gia
easy and pleasant to live in. đình) tiện nghi và hiện đạ i
79. break the mould - to do something differently after it has been - phá vỡ khuô n mẫ u
done in the same way for a long time
80. change your tune - to start saying something different about a - đổ i ý kiến, thá i độ hoặ c
subject or situation, or to start behaving in a hà nh độ ng về điều gì đó cụ
different way thể
81. a change of heart - if you have a change of heart, you change your - sự thay đổ i trong quan
opinion or feelings about something. điểm và cả m xú c trướ c
mộ t vấ n đề.
82. know sth inside out - to know everything about something - biết ngọ n ngà nh, hiểu
tườ ng tậ n về vấ n đề gì đó
83. reinvent the wheel - waste time creating something that already - phí thờ i gian tạ o ra cái gì
exists and works well đã tồ n tại và vậ n hành tố t
trướ c đó .
84. stick to your guns - to continue to have your beliefs or continue - giữ vữ ng quan điểm, kiên
with a plan of action, even if other people định lậ p trườ ng
disagree with you
85. a tool of the trade - the skills and equipment that you need in - nhữ ng cô ng cụ , kỹ nă ng
order to do your job cho mộ t cô ng việc cụ thể.
86. turn over a new leaf - to start behaving in a better way - thay đổ i theo chiều
hướ ng tố t lên, tích cự c hơn
COLLOCATIONS
95. lunch/tea/coffee break - a short pause from work in the - nghỉ ngữ a giờ là m việc để
middle of the morning or ă n uố ng nhẹ, bữ a trà chiều
afternoon for a drink, a rest etc
96. change from sth to - to change or be different - chyển từ cá i gì sang cái
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172. serve a purpose - To fit or satisfy the necessary - đá p ứ ng, phù hợ p nhu cầ u
requirements; to be useful for or cầ n thiết.
fit to achieve some aim, goal, or
Purpose purpose
173. the purpose of doing - When you do something with - mụ c đích củ a việc là m gì
purpose, you do it with
determination. When your
activities have a purpose, you
have an aim or intention in mind
174. sb's purpose in doing - a person's motivation for - mụ c tiêu, mụ c đích củ a ai
accomplishing anything đó khi là m việc là m gì
175. a sense of purpose - the quality of having a definite - mụ c đích
purpose
176. on purpose - if you do something on purpose, - cố ý
you do it intentionally
177. escape from reality - a defensive reaction involving - trố n tránh thự c tại
the use of fantasy as a means of
avoiding conflicts and problems
of daily living
Reality 178. face (up to) reality - to deal directly with (something - đố i diện vớ i thự c tế
unwanted or unpleasant) in the
actual world
179. become a reality - You say that something has - trở thà nh hiện thự c
become a reality when it actually
exists or is actually happening
180. in reality - used for saying that the true - trên thự c tế
situation is different from what
has been said or thought
181. virtual reality - the use of computer technology - thự c tế ả o
to create a simulated
environment
182. reality TV - television programmes about - truyền hình thự c tế
ordinary people who are filmed in
real situations, rather than actors
183. a tool for (doing) - a device for accomplishing a - mộ t cô ng cụ để là m việc
task gì đó
184. a tool of - something you need to use to do - mộ t cô ng cụ
your job
Tool 185. toolbar - on a computer screen, a row of - thanh cô ng cụ
icons (= small pictures that you
choose in order to make the
computer do something)
186. tool kit - a set of tools that are used for - bộ dụ ng cụ
making or repairing something
187. tool box - a container in which you keep - hộ p đồ nghề
and carry small tools, especially
those used in the house or for
repairing a car
188. use sth for (doing) - to put something to use for a - dù ng cá i gì để là m gì
certain purpose
189. use sth to do - to make use of something for a - dù ng cá i gì để là m gì
certain purpose
Use 190. use sth as - to make use of a thing's function - dù ng cá i gì đó như là
as if it were a thing
191. use sth properly - if something is used properly , it - dù ng đú ng cá ch
is used in a correct and
satisfactory way
WORD FORM
208. adapt /əˈdæpt/ (v) sử a lạ i cho hợ p
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- Đương thờ i
8. Decade (n) /ˈdekeɪd/ - a period of ten years, especially a - Thậ p kỷ
continuous period, such as 1910–1919 or
2000–2009
9. Duration (n) /dju - the length of time that something lasts - Khoả ng thờ i gian
ˈreɪʃn/ or continues
10. Elapse (v) /ɪˈlæps/ - if a period of time elapses, it passes - (thờ i gian) trô i qua
SYNONYM : Go by
11. Era (n) /ˈɪərə/ - a period of time, usually in history, that - Kỷ nguyên, thờ i đạ i
is different from other periods because of
particular characteristics or events
12. Eternal (adj) /ɪ - without an end; existing or continuing - Vĩnh viễn, khô ng ngừ ng
ˈtɜːnl/ forever
13. Expire (v) /ɪk - to be no longer legally acceptable - Hết hạ n, hết hiệu lự c
ˈspaɪə(r)/ because the period of time for which it
could be used has ended
SYNONYM : Run out
14. Frequency (n) - the rate at which something happens or - Tính thườ ng xuyên/ thườ ng hay xả y ra
/ˈfriːkwənsi/ is repeated
15. Instantaneous - happening immediately or very quickly - Tứ c thờ i (xả y ra ngay lậ p tứ c)
(adj) /ˌɪnstənˈteɪniəs/
16. Interim (n, adj) - during the period of time between two - Sự dà n xếp tạ m thờ i
/ˈɪntərɪm/ events; until a particular event happens
- intended to last for only a short time - Tạ m thờ i, tạ m quyền
until somebody/something more
permanent is found. E.g. An interim
account
17. Interval (n) - a period of time between two events - Thờ i gian giả i lao, khoả ng nghỉ
/ˈɪntəvl/ (giữ a hai sự kiện)
18. Lapse (v,n) /læps/ - to no longer be legally recognized - Mấ t hiệu lự c
because the period of time that it lasts has
come to an end
- a small mistake, especially one that is
caused by forgetting something or by - Sự nhầ m lẫ n
being careless
19. Lifetime (n) - the length of time that somebody lives or - suố t đờ i
/ˈlaɪftaɪm/ that something lasts
20. Long-standing - that has existed or lasted for a long time - Lâ u đờ i
(adj) /ˌlɒŋ ˈstændɪŋ/
21. Millennium (n) /mɪ - a period of 1 000 years, especially as - Thiên niên kỷ (mộ t nghìn nă m), thờ i đạ i
ˈleniəm/ calculated before or after the birth of hoà ng kim
Christ
22. Obsolete (adj) - no longer used because something new - Cổ xưa, quá hạn, đã lỗ i thờ i
/ˈɒbsəliːt/ has been invented
SYNONYM : out of date
23. Overdue (adj) - not paid, done, returned, etc. by the - Quá hạ n, quá chậ m
/ˌəʊvəˈdjuː/ required or expected time
24. Period (n) - an amount of time during which - Giai đoạ n
/ˈpɪəriəd/ something happens
25. Permanent (adj) - lasting for a long time or for all time in - Lâ u dà i, vĩnh cử u, cố định
/ˈpɜːmənənt/ the future; existing all the time
26. Phase (n) /feɪz/ - a stage in a process of change or - Thờ i kỳ, giai đoạ n
development
27. Postpone (v) /pə - to arrange for an event, etc. to take place - Hoã n lạ i
ˈspəʊn/ at a later time or date than originally
planned
SYNONYM : put off
28. Prior (adj) - happening or existing before something - Trướ c, ưu tiên
/ˈpraɪə(r)/ else or before a particular time
29. Prompt (adj) - done without delay - Nhanh chó ng, ngay lậ p tứ c
/prɒmpt/ SYNONYM : immediate
30.Provisional (adj) - arranged for the present time only and - Tạ m thờ i, lâ m thờ i
/prəˈvɪʒənl/ likely to be changed in the future
31. Punctual (adj) - happening or doing something at the - Đú ng giờ
/ˈpʌŋktʃuəl/ arranged or correct time; not late
32. Seasonal (adj) - happening or needed during a particular - Từ ng thờ i vụ , thay đổ i theo mù a
/ˈsiːzənl/ season; varying with the seasons
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33. Simultaneous - happening or done at the same time as - Đồ ng thờ i, cù ng lú c
(adj) /ˌsɪmlˈteɪniəs/ something else
34. Span (v, n) /spæn/ - to last all through a period of time or to - Kéo dà i qua (thờ i gian)
cover the whole of it
- the length of time that something lasts - Khoả ng thờ i gian
or is able to continue
35. Spell (n) /spel/ - a short period of time during which - Thờ i gian ngắ n
something lasts
36. Stint (n) /stɪnt/ - a period of time that you spend working - Khoả ng thờ i gian là m việc gì đó
somewhere or doing a particular activity
37. Subsequent (adj) - happening or coming after something - Sau đó , tiếp theo
/ˈsʌbsɪkwənt/ else
38. Temporary (adj) - lasting or intended to last or be used - Tạ m thờ i, nhấ t thờ i
/ˈtemprəri/ only for a short time; not permanent
39. Timely (adj) - happening at exactly the right time - Kịp lú c, hợ p thờ i
/ˈtaɪmli/ SYNONYM: opportune
40. Vintage (n, adj) - the wine that was produced in a - Rượ u vang chính vụ
/ˈvɪntɪdʒ/ particular year or place; the year in which
it was produced
- produced in the past, and typical of the
period in which it was made - Cổ điển
41. Civil service (n - the government departments in a - dâ n chính, cô ng vụ
phr) /ˌsɪvl ˈsɜːvɪs/ country and the people who work for
them, except the armed forces, judges and
elected politicians
42. Client (n) /ˈklaɪənt/ - a person who uses the services or advice - Khá ch hàng
of a professional person or organization
43. Colleague (n) - a person that you work with, especially - Đồ ng nghiệp
/ˈkɒliːɡ/ in a profession or a business
44. Consultant (n) /kən - a person who knows a lot about a - Cố vấ n, ngườ i tư vấ n
ˈsʌltənt/ particular subject and is employed to give
advice about it to other people
45. Effective (adj) /ɪ - producing the result that is wanted or - Có hiệu quả , có hiệu lự c
ˈfektɪv/ intended; producing a successful result
46. Efficient (adj) /ɪ - doing something in a good, careful and - Có nă ng lự c, có năng suấ t cao, có hiệu
ˈfɪʃnt/ complete way with no waste of time, quả
money or energy
47. Executive (n) /ɪɡ - a person who has an important job as a - Ngườ i điều hà nh
ˈzekjətɪv/ manager of a company or an organization
48. Fire (v) /ˈfaɪə(r)/ - to shoot bullets, etc. from a gun or other - Sa thải, đuổ i việc
weapon
49. Headhunt (v) - to find somebody who is suitable for a - Tìm kiếm và tuyển chuyên viên giỏ i
/ˈhedhʌnt/ senior job and persuade them to leave
their present job
50. Leave (n) /liːv/ - period of time when you are allowed to - Kỳ nghỉ phép, sự đượ c phép nghỉ
be away from work for a holiday or for a
special reason
51. Recruit (v, n) /rɪ - to find new people to join a company, an - Tuyển dụ ng
ˈkruːt/ organization, the armed forces, etc.
-a person who has recently joined the - Thà nh viên mớ i, lính mớ i
armed forces or the police
52. Redundant (adj) /rɪ - (of a person) without a job because - Thấ t nghiệp, sa thả i (do cô ng ty thu nhỏ
ˈdʌndənt/ there is no more work available for you in qui mô , phá sả n)
a company
53. Sack (v) /sæk/ - to remove someone from a job, usually - sa thả i
because they have done something wrong
or badly, or sometimes as a way of saving
PHRASAL VERBS
1. crop up - to appear or happen, especially when it is - bất ngờ xả y ra
not expected
SYNONYM: come up
2. dive in - to start doing something in a very - bắt đầ u là m việc gì mộ t cá ch say
enthusiastic way mê.
3. end up - to find yourself in a place or situation at the - kết cụ c, kết thú c
end of a process or period of time
4. kick off (with) - to start (with something) - bắt đầ u vớ i cá i gì đó
5. knock off - to stop doing something, especially work - ngừ ng là m gì đó , đặ c biệt là cô ng
việc
6. knuckle down - to start working hard, especially when you - bắt đầ u là m việc chă m chỉ
should have done this earlier ( đặ c biệt khi đá ng lẽ bạ n nên là m
trướ c kia)
7. lay off - to stop employing somebody, especially - đuổ i việc, cắ t giả m nhâ n sự
temporarily, because there is not enough
work for them to do
SYNONYM: make somebody redundant
8. lie ahead - to be going to happen to somebody in the - hoạ ch định, chờ đợ i trong tương
future lai
9. make up - work at different times from usual because - bồ i thườ ng, đền bù
you have not worked enough at the normal - là m hò a
times - dự ng chuyện, bịa đặ t
10. press ahead/ on (with) - to continue doing something in a - tiếp tụ c là m gì đó mộ t cá ch kiên
determined way; to hurry forward trì, quyết tâ m
11. set out - to begin a job, task, etc. with a particular - bắt tay và o là m gì đó
aim or goal
12. snow under - to have more things, especially work, than - ngậ p đầ u trong cô ng việc
you feel able to deal with
13. take on - to employ somebody, accept some work or - gá nh vá c, đả m nhậ n, thuê ( nhâ n
responsibility viên)
14. tide over - to help somebody during a difficult period - hỗ trợ , giú p đỡ ( thờ i kì khó khă n)
by providing what they need
15. while away - to spend time in a relaxed way when you - giết thờ i gian (dà nh thờ i gian để
have nothing else to do thư giã n)
16. wind down - to rest or relax after a period of activity or - nghỉ ngơi (sau khi là m việc că ng
excitement thẳng)
SYNONYM: unwind
IDIOMS
1. a stitch in time (saves nine) - it's better to solve a problem right - giả i quyết ngay lập tứ c (trá nh
away, to stop it becoming a much trườ ng hợ p mọ i việc tồ i tệ hơn)
bigger one.
2. all in good time - used to tell someone to be patient - đâ u sẽ có đó ; cứ bình tĩnh, khô ng
because something they are waiting phả i vộ i
for will certainly happen after a
period of time, and probably quite
soon
3. at the drop of a hat - if you do something at the drop of - ngay lậ p tứ c, khô ng chầ n chừ
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COLLOCATIONS
1. partly/mainly/all about - phầ n nà o/chủ yếu/tấ t
cả về…
2. do sth about - to take some sort of action to correct - thự c hiện mộ t điều gì
(a situation) đó để sử a chữ a
E.g: We need to do something about
About this problem.
3. about time - used to convey that something now - đã đến lú c
happening or about to happen should
have happened earlier.
4. about to do - to be going to happen or do something - dự định/sắp là m gì
very soon
5. act your age - behave in a manner appropriate to - cư xử đú ng tuổ i
someone of one's age and not to
someone much younger.
6. (at/by/from) the age of - about the age when something needs - ở /đến/từ độ tuổ i…
to be done
7. under age - (of a person) too young to engage - dướ i tuổ i, chưa đủ tuổ i
legally in a particular activity.
8.school/working/etc age - the age range of children normally - tuổ i đi họ c / độ tuổ i
attending school / the age at which you lao độ ng
are neither too young nor too old to
Age
work
9. with age - the length of time - theo nă m thá ng, theo
thờ i gian
10. age limit - the age at which a person is allowed or - giớ i hạ n tuổ i
not allowed to do something
11. age bracket/group - people of a similar age, considered as - khung tuổ i / nhó m tuổ i
a group
12. (in the) - the early period in human history - thờ i kì đồ đá / đồ ng/
Stone/Bronze/Iron Age when people made tools and weapons sắ t
only out of stone/ bronze / iron
13. take/spend ages (doing) - to take a long time - mấ t/ dà nh nhiều thờ i
gian để là m việc gì
Ages 14. ages ago - a long time in the past - cá ch đâ y rấ t lâ u.
15.seems/feels like ages - the person has not been to the place in - mộ t thờ i gian dà i trô i
(since) a long time qua
Course 16. run its course - to develop or happen in the usual way - diễn ra tự nhiên
17. in during the course of - while something is happening or - trong lú c chuyện gì
continuing đang diễn ra
18. in due course - at the appropriate or normal time - đú ng lú c
19. on a course - likely to happen, or likely to succeed - có khả nă ng xả y ra/ có
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49. out of hours - after the regular hours of work or - ngoà i giờ là m
operation
50.get/find/take/do a job - accept employment or job - nhậ n đượ c/tìm
kiếm/là m mộ t cô ng việc
51. it’s a good job - used for saying that it is lucky that you - thậ t may mắ n
did something
52. leave/lose your job - to quit or retire from a job or position - nghỉ việc/ mấ t việc
53. make/do a good/bad job - to do something well/badly - là m cá i gì đó tố t/
of khô ng tố t
54. make the best of a bad - to do one’s best in difficult - cò n nướ c cò n tá t
Job
job circumstances
55. have a job to do/ doing - to have difficulties doing something - rấ t khó để là m việc gì
56. sb’s job to do - to properly do the work one is - việc mà ai đó phả i là m
supposed to do
57. out of a job - without a job - thấ t nghiệp
58. on the job - happening while you are working - đang hoạt độ ng
59. job losses - a situation in which people lose their - bị mấ t việc, ngườ i thấ t
jobs nghiệp
60. take/be a moment - to pause the current situation for a - ngừ ng mộ t chú t thờ i
small amount of time. gian
61. just/wait a moment - wait a short period of time - đợ i mộ t lá t
62. any moment (now) - extremely soon - bất cứ lú c nà o
63. at the moment - at the current time - lú c nà y, bâ y giờ
64. at this/that moment in - At the present moment, right now, - ngay đú ng thờ i điểm
time currently. nà y/đó
Moment 65. in a moment - soon or in a little bit. - trong chố c lá t
66. the right moment - To be in a fortuitous place or position - thờ i điểm thích hợ p
(to/for) for an opportunity at the exact moment (để là m việc gì đó )
it presents itself or becomes available.
67. the moment of truth - an occasion when something - giâ y phú t quyết định
important happens that tests someone
or something and that will have an
effect on the future
68. you never know - a possibility that something good - chưa biết đượ c, để xem
might happen, even if it is slight sao
69. never again - something did not or will not happen - khô ng bao giờ lặp lạ i
again
70. never mind - to tell someone not to worry about - đừ ng bận tâ m
something because it is not important
Never 71. never mind - to tell someone not to worry about - đừ ng bận tâ m đến điều
if/whether/etc something. Never mind your mistake: it gì đó hoặ c ai đó
wasn't serious.
72. never ever - as a more forceful way to say "never" - khô ng bao giờ , khô ng
đờ i nà o
73. never-ending - Something that is never-ending never - vĩnh cử u, bấ t tậ n
ends
Now 74. now is the time to - to say about something that should be - bâ y giờ là lú c để …
done now
75. from now on - from this moment and forever into the - từ giờ trở đi
future
76. for now - for a short time, until a situation - bâ y giờ thì
changes
77. up to now - a situation that has existed up to this - cho đến bâ y giờ
point or up to the present time
78. right now - at this moment - ngay bâ y giờ
79. now that - to give an explanation of a new - bở i vì
situation
80. any day/moment/etc - very soon - sẽ sớ m thô i
now
81. just now - a very short time ago - hồ i nã y, ban nã y
82. every now and - sometimes, but not very often - thỉnh thoả ng, đô i khi
then/again
83. nowadays - at the present time, in comparison to - ngà y nay
the past
84. take office - to begin the job or responsibility of - nhậ m chứ c
one in a position of authority especially
in the government
85. run for office - to campaign to be elected to an office - tranh cử
86. head office - the most important office of an - trụ sở chính, cơ quan
organization or company, or the people đầ u nã o
working there
87. office holder - a person who has an important official - cô ng chứ c, viên chứ c
Office position in an organization or
government
88. office block - a large building designed to provide - tò a nhà vă n phò ng
office accommodation
89. office hours - the time when people in offices are - giờ hà nh chính
normally working
90. office party - a party, usually just before Christmas, - tiệc vă n phò ng
for the people who work in a particular
office or company
91. on time - to describe something that arrives, - đú ng giờ
happens, or is done when it should and
is not late
92. on and on - to emphasize the length of an activity - tiếp tụ c, tiếp diễn
93. on end - continuously; without a pause - liên tụ c
On
94. from now/that - at a particular time and continuing to - từ nay trở đi / kể đó
moment/then on happen trở đi
95. You’re on! - used when you are accepting a bet - chấ p nhậ n cá cượ c,
chấp nhậ n lờ i thá ch
thứ c
96. give/take sb a second to - To allow someone a moment or brief - cho ai 1 khoả nh khắ c
do period of time in which to do something để là m gì
97. in a second - in only a very brief amount of time - chỉ trong giâ y lá t
Second
98. within seconds - in a short period of time - mộ t cá ch nhanh chó ng
99. seconds later - an extremely short period of time - mộ t lú c khô ng lâ u sau
100. a split second - a very short moment of time - trong tích tắ c
101. have/make a - if you get off to a good/bad start, you - có / tạ o ra khở i đầ u
good/fine/bad/etc start are successful/unsuccessful in the early tố t /tệ
stages of doing something.
102. make a start (on/at) - To undertake the beginning of some - khở i hà nh/ bắ t đầ u
project, activity, or task
103. (right) from the start - immediately when something begins - từ đầ u đến tậ n bâ y giờ
Start and all the time after that.
104. for a start - in the first place, or as the first point in - điểm khở i đầ u
an argument
105. (at/from the) start of - be in at the beginning/start (of - lú c bắ t đầ u
something)
106. get (sth) started - to begin doing on something or get - vậ n hà nh/ bắ t đầ u là m
underway gì
Term 107. in the long/short term - to say what will happen or what - về dà i hạ n/ ngắ n hạ n
happens generally over a long or short
period of time
108. end of term - the expiry or earlier termination of the - cuố i kì
term
109. term of/in office - the time when a person holds a job or - nhiệm kì
position of authority especially in the
government
110. term time - the part of the year in which schools - họ c kì
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WORD FORM
141. antique /ænˈtiːk/ (adj) lỗ i thờ i, cổ xưa
(n) đồ cổ
142. antiquity /ænˈtɪkwəti/ (n) cổ xưa, đờ i xưa
143. antiquated /ˈæntɪkweɪtɪd/ (adj) cũ kỹ, lạ c hậ u
144. apply /əˈplaɪ/ (v) ứ ng dụ ng, á p dụ ng
145. reapply /ˌriːəˈplaɪ/ (v) nộ p đơn lạ i
146. misapply /ˌmɪsəˈplaɪ/ (v) dù ng sai, á p dụ ng sai
147. applicant /ˈæplɪkənt/ (n) ngườ i nộ p đơn
148. application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ (n) đơn xin việc
149. (in)applicability /əˌplɪkəˈbɪləti/ (n) (khô ng)có thể dù ng đượ c, có thể á p dụ ng
đượ c
150. (in)applicable /əˈplɪkəbl/ (adj) khô ng á p dụ ng đượ c
151. (mis)applied /əˈplaɪd/ (adj) ứ ng dụ ng/ ứ ng dụ ng sai
152. compete /kəmˈpiːt/ (v) cạ nh tranh, ganh đua
153. competition /ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃn/ (n) sự cạ nh tranh, cuộ c thi đấ u
154. competitor /kəmˈpetɪtə(r)/ (n) đố i thủ , ngườ i tham gia cuộ c thi
155. competitiveness /kəmˈpetətɪvnəs/ (n) tính cạ nh tranh, tính ganh đua
156. (un)competitive(ly) /kəmˈpetətɪv/ - (un)competitive (adj): (khô ng)cạ nh tranh,
/kəmˈpetətɪvli/ đua tranh
- (un)competitively (adv): (khô ng)đủ khả
nă ng cạ nh tranh
157. employ /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ (v) tuyển dụ ng
158. (un)employment /ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ (n) sự (thấ t nghiệp)thuê mướ n
159. underemployment /ˌʌndərɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ (n) tình trạ ng thiếu việc là m
160. employer /ɪmˈplɔɪə(r)/ (n) chủ , ngườ i sử dụ ng lao độ ng
161. employee /ɪmˈplɔɪiː/ (n) ngườ i lao độ ng, ngườ i là m cô ng
162. (un)employed /ɪmˈplɔɪd/ (adj) thấ t nghiệp; khô ng dù ng, khô ng sử dụ ng
đượ c
163. underemployed /ˌʌndərɪmˈplɔɪd/ (adj) bá n thấ t nghiệp
164. (un)employable /ɪmˈplɔɪəbl/ (adj) (khô ng)có thể thuê đượ c
165. end /end/ (v) kết thú c, chấ m dứ t
166. ending /ˈendɪŋ/ (n) sự kết thú c, phầ n cuố i, kết cụ c
167. unending /ʌnˈendɪŋ/ (adj) khô ng ngừ ng, vô tậ n, bấ t diệt, trườ ng
cử u, vĩnh viễn
168. endless(ly) /ˈendləs/ (adj. adv.) vô tậ n, vĩnh viễn
169. event /ɪˈvent/ (n) sự việc, sự kiện
170. eventuality /ɪˌventʃuˈæləti/ (n) nhữ ng điều khô ng dễ chịu , khô ng mong
đợ i có thể xả y ra
171. (un)eventful /ɪˈventfl/ (adj) (khô ng có chuyện gì xả y ra)có nhiều sự
kiện quan trọ ng
172. eventual(ly) /ɪˈventʃuəl/ - eventual (adj): kết quả cuố i cù ng là , rố t cuộ c
/ɪˈventʃuəli/ thì
- eventually (adv): cuố i cù ng
173. expect /ɪkˈspekt/ (v) mong chờ , trô ng đợ i
174. expectation /ˌekspekˈteɪʃn/ (n) sự mong chờ , sự chờ đợ i
175. expectancy /ɪkˈspektənsi/ (n) triển vọ ng, tình trạ ng trô ng mong
176. expectant(ly) /ɪkˈspektənt/ (adj) mong đợ i, có tính chấ t trô ng mong
177. (un)expected(ly) /ɪkˈspektɪd/ - expected (adj): đượ c chờ đợ i, đượ c hy vọ ng
/ɪkˈspek.tɪd.li/ - expectedly (adv): mộ t cá ch mong chờ
/ˌʌn.ɪkˈspek.tɪd.li/ - unexpected(ly) (adj. adv.): bấ t ngờ , khô ng
mong đợ i
178. future /ˈfjuːtʃə(r)/ (n) tương lai
179. futurist /ˈfjuːtʃərɪst/ (n) ngườ i theo thuyết vị lai
180. futuristic(ally) /ˌfjuːtʃəˈrɪstɪk/ (adj) thuộ c về tương lai
181. history /ˈhɪstri/ (n) lịch sử , quá trình lịch sử
182. historian /hɪˈstɔːriən/ (n) nhà viết sử , sử gia
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PHRASAL VERB
- to stop people from getting into an area by
1. Cordon off - Bao vâ y, cá ch ly
surrounding it with police, soldiers, etc.
- to move slowly nearer to somebody, usually from
2. Creep up on - Tiến lạ i gầ n ai đó từ phía sau
behind, without being seen or heard
3. Fall behind - to fail to keep level with somebody/something - Bị tụ t lại phía sau
- to go in the wrong direction or to have the wrong
4. Go astray - Bị lạ c, sai hướ ng
result
- to get in front of somebody in order to make them
5. Head off - Là m đổ i hướ ng
turn back or change direction
- to prevent somebody/something from moving
6. Hold back - Ngă n cả n ai/cá i gì
forward or crossing something
7. Move in (with) - to start to live in your new home - bắ t đầ u ở nhà mớ i
8. Move on - to start doing or discussing something new - Bắ t đầ u là m/ thả o luậ n gì mớ i
9. Move out - to leave your old home - Dọ n khỏ i nhà cũ
- to change your position in order to make room for
10.Move over - Nhườ ng chỗ cho ngườ i khá c
somebody
- to move to the side of the road in order to stop or
11.Pull over - Dừ ng bên đườ ng, tấ p và o lề
let something pass
12.Slip away - to stop existing; to disappear or die - Biến mấ t / chết
- to leave an important job or position and let
13.Step aside - Nhườ ng chứ c
somebody else take your place
- Dừ ng chân tạ i 1 địa điểm nà o đó
- to make a short visit somewhere during a trip in
14.Stop off trong thờ i gian ngắ n, sau đó lạ i tiếp
order to do something
tụ c cuộ c hà nh trình trướ c đó
15.Tip up - to fall or turn over; to make something do this - Lậ t cá i gì
- to leave a meeting, performance, etc. suddenly,
- Rờ i đi (chỉ ra bạ n khô ng thích hoặ c
16.Walk out especially in order to show that you do not like or
khô ng tá n thà nh)
approve of it
IDIOMS
1. A stone’s throw
- very close to - Rấ t gầ n
(away/ from)
2. As the crow flies - in a straight line (use for distance) - Đườ ng thẳ ng
- go straight forward, without turning; do what you - đi thẳng// là m theo cả m giá c củ a
3. Follow your nose feel is right in a particular situation, although you mình mà khô ng bị chi phố i bở i ý
are not certain. kiến củ a ngườ i khá c
4. In the middle of
- a long way from any town or city - Cá ch xa đô thị
nowhere
5. Lose your - become confuse about where you are and where
- Mấ t phương hướ ng
bearings other things are
6. Make a beeline - go towards someone or something in quickest - Đi thẳ ng đến chỗ ai/ vậ t gì 1 cá ch
for and most direct way nhanh nhấ t có thể
7. Off the beaten - away from populated areas or areas popular with
- Nơi hẻo lá nh, ít ngườ i biết đến
track tourist
8. Stop dead in your - suddenly stop, for example because you are - Dừ ng lạ i độ t ngộ t (vì bạ n ngạ c
tracks surprised nhiên)
9. Take a short cut - follow a path that is quicker and shorter than the
- Đi đườ ng tắ t
to usual way
10.Take the scenic - follow a longer path than the usual one because it - Đi đườ ng xa hơn vì có nhiều cả nh
route is more attractive đẹp
WORD FOMATION
1. Access /ˈækses/ (n) sự truy cập
, sự tiếp cậ n
2. Accessibility /əkˌsesəˈbɪləti/ (n) tính có thể tớ i/ đến gầ n đượ c
3. Accessible /əkˈsesəbl/ (adj) có thể đến đượ c / tiếp cậ n
4. Inaccessible /ˌɪnækˈsesəbl/ (adj) khô ng thể đến đượ c/ tiếp cậ n đượ c
5. Come /kʌm/ (v) đi đến, thay đổ i (vị trí)
6. Overcome /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ (v) chiến thắ ng, vượ t qua
7. Comeback /ˈkʌmbæk/ (n) sự trở lạ i
8. Newcomer /ˈnjuːkʌmə(r)/ (n) ngườ i mớ i đến
9. Outcome /ˈaʊtkʌm/ (n) kết quả
10. Income /ˈɪnkʌm/ (n) thu nhập
11. Coming /ˈkʌmɪŋ/ (n) đến
12. Oncoming /ˈɒnkʌmɪŋ/ (adj) gầ n, sắ p đến (nơi chố n)
13. Incoming /ˈɪnkʌmɪŋ/ (adj) đang đến
14. Go /ɡəʊ/ (v) đi, di chuyển (cơ thể), hoạ t độ ng
15. Undergo /ˌʌndəˈɡəʊ/ (v) trả i qua (nhữ ng thay đổ i khô ng vui)
16. Underwent /ˌʌndəˈwent/ (v) V2 củ a undergo
17. Undergone / ˌʌndəˈgɒn/ (v) V3 củ a undergo
18. For(e)go /fɔːˈɡəʊ/ (v) từ bỏ , kiêng cữ
19. For(e)went / fɔːˈwɛnt/ (v) V2 củ a for(e)go
20. For(e)gone /ˈfɔːɡɒn/ (v) V3 củ a for(e)go
21. Ongoing /ˈɒnɡəʊɪŋ/ (adj) liên tụ c
22. Outgoing /ˌaʊtˈɡəʊɪŋ/ (adj) thoả i má i, cở i mở
23. Land /lænd/ (n) đấ t nướ c, vù ng đấ t
24. Landing /ˈlændɪŋ/ (n) hạ cá nh, cập bến
25. Landed /ˈlændɪd/ (adj) thuộ c đấ t đai, có đấ t
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20. hint (v, n) /hɪnt/ something that you say or do that shows - Dấ u hiệu, dấ u vết, sự gợ i ý
what you think or want, usually in a way
that is not direct
21. illegible (adj) /ɪ impossible or almost impossible to read - Khó đọ c (chữ viết…)
ˈledʒ.ə.bəl/ because of being very untidy or not clear
22. inkling (n) /ˈɪŋ.klɪŋ/ a feeling that something is true or likely to - có cả m giá c chuyện gì đó đú ng,
happen, although you are not certain có thể xả y ra nhưng khô ng chắ c/
dự cả m
23. insist (v) /ɪnˈsɪst/ to say firmly or demand forcefully, Nà i nỉ, khă ng khă ng (on)
especially when others disagree with or
oppose what you say
24. jargon (n) special words and phrases that are used - Biệt ngữ , từ chuyên ngà nh
/ˈdʒɑː.ɡən/ by particular groups of people, especially
in their work
25. literal (adj) The literal meaning of a word is its - Theo đú ng nguyên vă n, theo
/ˈlɪt.ər.əl/ original, basic meaning nghĩa đen
26. mumble (v, n) to speak quietly and in a way that is not - Nó i lầ m bầ m
/ˈmʌm.bəl/ clear so that the words are difficult to
understand
27. murmur (v, n) to speak or say something very quietly - Rì rầ m, rì rà o, tiếng rì rà o
/ˈmɜː.mər/
28. petition (n) /pə a document signed by a large number of - Đơn kiến nghị, đơn thỉnh cầ u
ˈtɪʃ.ən/ people demanding or asking for some
action from the government or another
authority
29. placard (n) a large written or printed notice that is - Yết thị, á p phích
/ˈplæk.ɑːd/ put in a public place or carried on a stick
in a march
30. quibble (v) to argue about, or say you disapprove of, - Cã i vã về nhữ ng bấ t đồ ng vặ t
/ˈkwɪb.əl/ something that is not important
31. rant (v, n) /rænt/ to speak, write or shout in a loud, - Nó i, viết, la huênh hoang, lờ i nó i
uncontrolled, or angry way, often saying rỗ ng tuếch
confused or silly things
32. rave (v) /reɪv/ to speak in an uncontrolled way, usually - Nó i như điên như dạ i
because you are upset or angry, or
because you are ill
33. relevant (adj) connected with what is happening or - Có liên quan
/ˈrel.ə.vənt/ being discussed
34. scribble (v, n) to write or draw something quickly or - Viết ngoá y, viết cẩ u thả
/ˈskrɪb.əl/ carelessly
35. slang (n, adj) /slæŋ/ very informal language that is usually - Tiếng ló ng
spoken rather than written, used
especially by particular groups of people
36. stumble (v, n) to step awkwardly while walking or - Vấ p, đi chệnh choạ ng
/ˈstʌm.bəl/ running and fall or begin to fall
37. stutter (v, n) to speak or say something, especially the - Nó i lắ p, nó i cà lă m
/ˈstʌt.ər/ first part of a word, with difficulty, for
example pausing before it or repeating it
several times
38. tip (n) /tip/ - a small piece of advice about something - Mẹo vặ t,
practical
- a small amount of extra money that you - tiền boa
give to somebody, for example somebody
who serves you in a restaurant
39. utter (v) /ˈʌt.ər/ to say something or to make a sound with - Nó i ra, phát biểu, thố t ra
your voice
40. vague (adj) /veɪɡ/ not clearly expressed, known, described, - Mập mờ , mơ hồ
or decided
41. anchor (v, n) - to base something on something else - dự a và o cá i gì
/ˈæŋ.kər/ - to be the person who introduces reports
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PHRASAL VERBS
41. bring sth to sb’s notice Make someone pay attention Là m cho ai phả i chú ý
to đến điều gì
42. come to sb’s note (that) Heard by someone Bị ai thấ y, bị ai nghe
43. escape sb’s notice Be omitted Bị bỏ só t, khô ng đượ c để
notice ý tớ i
44. take notice (of) Write down important things Ghi chú
45. at short notice only a short time before Có rấ t ít thờ i gian để là m
something happens gì trướ c khi cái gì đó xả y
ra
46. sit up and take notice startled, forced to pay Giậ t mình buộ c phả i chú
attention ý
47. beneath one’s notice Uninteresting Khô ng đá ng quan tâ m,
khô ng thú vị
48. until further notice To wait for the latest Cho đến khi có thô ng bá o
information mớ i
49. piece/sheet of paper A blank of paper Mộ t tờ giấ y
50. on paper judging something by how it Trên giấ y, trên lí thuyết
has been planned rather than
how it really works in practice
51. commit to paper Write down, take notes Viết, ghi và o
52. paper round the job, often done by Cô ng việc trẻ em đi phâ n
paper
children, of taking phá t bá o cho mọ i ngườ i
newspapers to people's
homes
53. paper qualifications Trình độ trên giấ y tờ
54. paperwork the part of a job that involves Cô ng việc chung bao gồ m
writing letters and reports viết thư, bá o cá o và ghi
and keeping records â m/ cô ng việc bà n giấ y
55. put pen to paper to start to write Bắ t đầ u viết cá i gì
pen 56. the pen is the mightier said to emphasize that Nhấ n mạ nh suy nghĩ có
than the sword thinking and writing have ảnh hưở ng hơn là sử
more influence on people and dụ ng vũ lự c
events than the use of force or
violence
57. pen-pusher a person who has an office job Ngườ i có cô ng việc tẻ
that is not interesting nhạt (vă n phò ng)
58. pen friend/pal Friend through letters Bạ n qua thư
59. print on demand a way of producing books or In ấ n theo yêu cầ u
print other documents in which
copies are printed only after
they have been ordered
60. in print Printed, available Có sẵ n, đã đượ c in
61. out of print Stop printing Khô ng xuấ t bả n nữ a
62. read sb’s mind Know someone’s thinking Đọ c đượ c tâ m trí củ a ai
63. read sb like a book Understand sb well Hiểu đượ c tim đen ai đó
64. read between the lines Guess the hidden idea Đoá n đượ c ẩn ý
read 65. read sb’s lips Can understand someone who Nhìn mô i đoá n đượ c chữ
reads by lips
66. take sth as read To accept sth completely thừ a nhậ n điều gì mà
khô ng cầ n bà n cã i; cầ m
chắ c điều gì mà khô ng
phả i bà n luậ n gì nữ a
67. read up Study deeply Nghiên cứ u kĩ
68. keep/maintain/compile Take notes sth on a small book Lậ p sổ cá c khoả n ghi củ a
a record (of) cái gì đó // ghi chú
69. set/put the record to write or say something in tườ ng thuậ t cho đú ng,
record straight order to make the true facts sử a lạ i mộ t điều hiểu lầ m
known
70. on the record If you say something on the Đã đượ c ghi lạ i, cô ng
IDIOMS
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1. big mouth gossip or spread secrets - hay nhiều chuyện, khô ng giữ
mồ m giữ miệng
2. come clean (about sth) tell the truth about something that you Tiết lộ bí mật
have kept secret
3. get/catch sb’s drift understand the basic meaning Hiểu ý nghĩa cơ bả n
4. get sth off your chest talk to someone about something that Giã i bà y tâ m sự (chuyện là m
has been worrying you, so that you feel bả n thân lo lắng
better about it
5. get the wrong end of the understand something completely Hiểu sai ý hoà n toà n
stick wrongly
6. give sb your word promise to do something Hứ a là m gì
7. (hear sth) on/through the the way in which information spreads Nghe lạ i thô ng tin/câ u chuyện
grapevine quickly from one person to another từ ngườ i khá c
through conversation
8. keep sb posted regularly give someone information Cung cấ p thô ng tin thườ ng
about something they are interested in, xuyên
for example how a situation is changing
or developing
9. keep sb under your hat keep something secret Giữ bí mậ t
10. lay/put your cards on the tell peole exactly what you are thinking Nó i trú ng ý
table or what you are intend is to do
11. speak volumes to provide a lot of information about Nó i thẳ ng, cung cấ p thô ng tin về
something cá i gì
12. tell tales tell someone in authority about bad Tố cá o, lên á n để trừ ng phạ t
things that someone else has done, (ngườ i có quyền lự c, địa vị)
because you want them to be punished
WORD FORMATION
4. attribute (v) /ə - to say or believe that something is the result - cho là do, quy cho
ˈtrɪbjuːt/ of a particular thing
5. blow (n) /bloʊ/ - an event that cause you to feel very sad, - điều gâ y xú c độ ng mạ nh, cú
disappoint, shocked choá ng ngườ i, shock hoặ c thấ t vọ ng
6.cause (v,n) /kɔːz/ - to make something happen, especially - Gâ y ra, gâ y nên, sinh ra, là m ra,
something bad tạ o ra
- something without which something else - Nguyên nhâ n, nguyên do, că n
would not happen nguyên
7. coincidence (n) /kəʊ - an occasion when two or more similar things - sự trù ng khớ p, sự trù ng nhau, sự
ˈɪnsɪdəns/ happen at the same time, especially in a way trù ng hợ p
that is unlikely and surprising
8. curse (v,n) /kɜːs/ - to use a word or an expression that is not - nguyền rủ a, chử i rủ a
polite and shows that you are very angry - sự nguyền rủ a, sự chử i rủ a, lờ i
- magic words that are intended to bring bad nguyền
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luck to someone
9. deliberate (adj) /dɪ - intended, not done by chance or by accident - cố ý, cố tình
ˈlɪbərət/
10. determine (v) /dɪ - to control or influence something directly or - quyết định, quyết tâ m, kiên quyết
ˈtɜːmɪn/ to decide what will happen
11. fate (n) /feɪt/ - a power that some people believe controls - định mệnh, số phậ n, số mệnh
everything that happens in their lives
12. fluctuate (v) - to change, especially continuously between - dao độ ng, lên xuố ng, thay đổ i bấ t
/ˈflʌk.tʃu.eɪt one level or thing and another thườ ng
13. foresee (v) /fəˈsiː/ - to see or know something that happen in the - nhìn thấ y trướ c, đoá n trướ c, biết
future trướ c, dự kiến trướ c
- SYNONYM : predict
14. freak (n,v) /friːk/ - something with very unusual features that - điều kỳ dị, khá c biệt
make it different from other things of its type
- extremely unusual and unexpected - bấ t thườ ng, bấ t ngờ
15. gamble (v) /ˈɡæmbl/ - to risk money or something valuable in the - đá nh bạ c, liều là m mộ t cô ng việc
hope of winning more if you are lucky or if you gì
guess something correctly
16. haphazard (adj) - done in a way that does not seem to be - cẩ u thả , lộ n xộ n, khô ng gọ n gà ng,
/hæpˈhæzəd/ carefully planned or organized có tổ chứ c
17. hazard (n) /ˈhæzəd/ - something that could be dangerous or cause - sự may rủ i, mố i nguy hiểm
damage or accidents
18. inadvertent (adj) - done by accident, without being intended - vô ý, khô ng chú ý, thiếu thậ n
/ˌɪnədˈvɜːtnt/ - SYNONYM: unintentional trọ ng, sơ xuấ t
19. instrumental (adj) - involved in an important way making - giú p điều gì đó xả y ra/ thuộ c về
/ˌɪnstrəˈmentl/ something happen nhạ c cụ
20. jinxed (adj) - someone or something that is jinxed has a lot - ngườ i đem lại điều rủ i, vậ t xú i
/dʒɪŋkst/ of bad luck quẩ y
21. likelihood (n) - how certain it is that something will happen - sự có khả nă ng xả y ra, sự có thể
/ˈlaɪklihʊd/ - SYNONYM: probability đú ng
22. lucky charm (n phr) - something that people believe brings them - bù a may mắ n
/ˈlʌki/ /tʃɑːm/ luck
23. meander (v) /mi - to move slowly without a particular direction - đi lang thang, đi vơ vẩ n
ˈændə(r)/ or purpose in mind
24. mishap (n) - a small accident or piece of bad luck that does - việc rủ i ro, việc khô ng may
/ˈmɪshæp/ not have serious results
25. mutate (v) /mjuː - to become physically different from other - độ t biến, biến đổ i
ˈteɪt/ plants or animals of the same type as a result of
a genetic change
26. odds (n) /ɒdz/ - the chances of something happening - lợ i thế, ưu thế, cơ hộ i
27. pick (v,n) /pɪk/ - to choose someone or something from a group - chọ n lọ c, lự a chọ n
- choice - phầ n chọ n lọ c, phầ n tố t nhấ t
28. pot luck (n phr) - a situation in which you do not know what to - may mắ n trong trườ ng hợ p bạ n
/pɒt//lʌk/ expect, but you hope that it will be good khô ng kỳ vọ ng sẽ xuấ t hiện
29. random (adj) - chosen or happening without any particular - ngẫ u nhiên, tình cờ
/ˈrændəm/ method, pattern or purpose
30. sign (n) /saɪn/ - a piece of evidence that something is - dấ u hiệu, dấ u vết
happening or that something exists
31. speculate (v) - to consider or discuss why something has -suy đoá n, suy xét, nghiên cứ u
/ˈspekjuleɪt/ happened
32. spontaneous (adj) - happening in a natural way without planned - tự phá t, ngẫ u hứ ng
/spɒnˈteɪniəs/ or thought about
33. startle (v) /ˈstɑːtl/ - to make a person or animal feel suddenly - là m giật mình, là m hoảng hố t, là m
frightened or surprised by doing something ngạ c nhiên
they do not expect
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34. statistics (n)/stə -a group of numbers that present facts or - số liệu thố ng kê
ˈtɪstɪks/ describe a situation
35. stray (v, adj, n) - to move away from the correct place or path - lạ c đườ ng, đi lạ c
/streɪ/ - lost or without a home - lạ c, mấ t
- a pet that is lost or has left its home - thú cưng bị lạ c
36. superstition (n) - a believe that things such as magic or luck - sự mê tín
/ˌsuːpəˈstɪʃn/
37. superstitious (adj) - believing in the power of magic or luck - (thuộ c) mê tín, dự a trên mê tín
/ˌsuːpəˈstɪʃəs/
38. transpire (v) /træn - to happen - xả y ra, diễn ra
ˈspaɪə(r)/
39. uncertainty (n) /ʌn - the fact that something is not known or has - sự khô ng chắ c chắ n
ˈsɜːtnti/ not been decided
40. wobble (v) /ˈwɒbl/ - to rock slightly side to side, or to make - lắ c lư, lung lay
something do this
41. agriculture (n) - the work, business, or study of farming - nô ng nghiệp
/ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə(r)/
42. appreciate (v) /ə - to understand the true nature of situation, and - đá nh giá cao, hiểu rõ giá trị
ˈpriːʃieɪt/ realise why it is important or serious
- to be grateful for something
- biết ơn
43. catastrophe (n) /kə - an event that cause a lot of damage or makes - thả m họ a, tai họ a lớ n
ˈtæstrəfi/ lot of people suffer
- SYNONYM: disaster
44. crop (n) /krɒp/ - a plant grow for food, usually on a farm - câ y lương thự c
- the total amount of a crop that is collected in - mù a vụ
one season
45. drought (n) /draʊt/ - a long period of time when there is little or no - sự hạ n hán
rain and crops die
46. evacuate (v) - to leave a building or other place because it is - sơ tá n, tả n cư
/ɪvækjueɪt/ not safe
47. exploit (v) /ɪkˈsplɔɪt/ - to use natural resources such as tree, water or - khai thá c, khai phá
oil so that you gain as much as possible
- to treat someone unfairly in order to get some
benefit for yourself
- lợ i dụ ng, bó c lộ t
48. famine (n) /ˈfæmɪn/ - a serious lack of food that continues for a long - nạ n đó i
time and causes many people in a country to
become ill or die
49. flood (v, n) /flʌd/ - if water floods a place, it covers it - là m ngập lụ t, trà n ngậ p
- a large amount of water that covers an area - lũ lụ t, nạ n lụ t
that was dry before
50. fossil fuels (n phr) - fuel such as coal or oil, made from decayed - nhiên liệu hó a thạ ch
/ˈfɒsl fjuːəl/ material from animals or plants that lived
thousands of years ago
51. global warming (n - an increase in the average temperature of the - sự ấ m lên toà n cầ u
phr) /ˌɡləʊbl ˈwɔːmɪŋ/ Earth
52. greenery (n) - green plants that are growing somewhere or - câ y cỏ
/ˈɡriːnəri/ used as decoration
53. habitat (n) - the type of place that an animal normally lives - mô i trườ ng số ng, nơi số ng
/ˈhæbɪtæt/ in or a plant normally grows in
54. harvest (v, n) - to collect a crop from the fields - thu hoạ ch, gặ t hái
/ˈhɑːvɪst/ - the time when the crop is collected - mù a gặ t, vụ thu hoạ ch
/ˈhɑr·vəst/
55. hurricane (n) - a violent storm with extremely strong winds - bã o lố c xoá y
/ˈhʌrɪkən/ and heavy rain
56. instinct (n) - a natural tendency to behave in a particular - bả n năng
/ˈɪn.stɪŋkt/ way that people and animals are born with and
that they obey without knowing why
57. natural disaster (n - something very bad that happens and causes a - thiên tai, thả m họ a thiên nhiên
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58. resource (n) /rɪˈsɔːs/ - things such as coal, trees and oil that exist in - tà i nguyên
nature and be used by people
59.scarce (adj) /skeəs/ - if something is scarce, there is not very much - khan hiếm, ít có
of it
60. species (n) /ˈspiːʃiːz/ - a plant or animal group whose members all - giố ng loà i
have similar general features and are able to
produce young plants or animals together
PHRASAL VERB
1. chance upon - find or see someone or something - tình cờ tìm thấ y, tình cờ gặ p
when you did not expect to
2. come across -meet someone or find something by - tình cờ gặ p, nhìn thấ y
chance
3. cool down - become cooler, or make something - là m lạnh xuố ng, là m nguộ i đi
cooler
4. cut back (on) - reduce the amount of something, - cắ t giả m
especially money that you spend
5. die out - become weaker or less common and - trở nên hiếm, ít dầ n rồ i biến mấ t
then disappear completely hoà n toà n
IDIOMS
1. an act of God - an event such as flood lightning or an - thiên tai bấ t ngờ (ngoà i tầ m kiểm soá t củ a
earthquake that is produced by natural con ngườ i)
forces, and that people have no control over
2. come rain or - use for say that something always happens - dù thế nà o đi chă ng nữ a
shine or someone always does something despite
bad weather or difficult conditions
- = whatever happens
4. draw on the - be chosen to do something unpleasant - bị bắt là m việc mình khô ng mong muố n
short straw
5.have green - be good at growing plants - có tà i trồ ng câ y, là m vườ n
fingers
6. let nature - allow something to develop without trying - để mọ i thứ phát triển tự nhiên mà khô ng
take its course to influence it cố gắ ng can thiệp và o nó
7. no rhyme or - use for emphasizing that there is no reason - khô ng có lờ i giả i thích rõ rà ng, thích hợ p
reason or explanation for something
8. out of the - happening in a way that is sudden and - hoà n toà n bất ngờ , bất thình lình, khô ng
blue unexpected, and does not seem connected bá o trướ c
with anything that happen before
9. the luck of - used for saying people have limited control - số phậ n (hên, xui khô ng đoá n trướ c đượ c)
the draw over what life brings them
10. touch - used when you have said that you have had - phỉ phui, trộ m vía (đượ c dù ng khi muố n
wood good luck in order to prevent bad luck from trá nh nhữ ng điều khô ng may mắ n xả y ra )
happening to you
COLLOCATIONS
1. bet (sth) on - to risk money on a future event, - đặ t cượ c
for example by investing in a company
or product or buying stocks or shares
2. make a bet with - đá nh cượ c vớ i ai đó
(sb)
Bet 3. safe bet - action or situation that is likely to - điều có thể/có lẽ
be successful or does not involve much risk thà nh cô ng
4. know/say for - to know or say something without doubt - nó i hay biết cái gì
certain chắ c chắ n
5. certain to do - if something is certain, it will definitely - chắ c chắ n là m việc gì
happen or is definitely true đó
6. make certain - to check that something is correct or true - đả m bả o rằ ng, chắ c
to do something in order to be sure that chắ n rằ ng
something will happen
Certain - = make sure
7.certain of/about - having no doubts that something is true - chắ c chắ n về
8. a certain (amount - some, but not very much - mộ t số lượ ng nhấ t
of sth) định
9. take a chance (on) - to do something that involves risks - đá nh liều, mạ o hiểm
10. leave to chance - to not try to change the way that something - để mọ i việc đượ c sắ p
30. greenhouse - a building with a roof and sides made - nhà kính
of glass, used for growing plants that
need warmth and protection
31. greenhouse effect - an increase in - hiệu ứ ng nhà kính
the amount of carbon dioxide and
other gases in
the atmosphere (= mixture of gases around
the earth), that is believed to be the cause of
a gradual warming of the surface of the earth
32. guess at - to try to imagine something when you have - đoá n, phỏ ng đoá n
little knowledge or experience of it
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33. guess that - to realize that something is true even - nghĩ, chắ c rằ ng, đoá n
though you do not know for certain rằ ng
34. guess right - đoá n đú ng
35.take/make/hazard - to make a prediction, estimate - phỏ ng đoá n, dự
a guess (at) đoá n, ướ c lượ ng
36. rough guess - one that is not expected to be accurate - phỏ ng đoá n, ướ c
Guess đoá n (khô ng mong đợ i
sẽ đú ng)
37. lucky guess - dự đoá n may mắ n
38. wild guess - one that is very unlikely to be accurate - đoá n mò (có thể
khô ng chính xá c)
39. educated guess - guess based on things that you know are - dự đoá n dự a trên cơ
correct sở kinh nghiệm
40. at a guess - used for making it clear that what you - ướ c đoá n, phỏ ng
are saying is a guess, and it is likely to not đoá n
be correct
41. happen to do - to do something by chance - tình cờ , vô tình là m
điều gì đó
Happen 42. it so happens that - used to describe something that occurs by - việc gì đó xả y ra ngẫ u
chance nhiên
43. as it happens - used to introduce something that is true by - điều gì đó xả y ra mộ t
chance cá ch trù ng hợ p, thự c
tế, ngẫ u nhiên
44. thunder and - sấ m sét
lightning
45. a bolt/flash of - a flash of lightning in the sky - tia chớ p
lightning
Lightning 46. struck by lightning - an occurrence of something being hit by - bị sét đá nh
lightning
47. at lightning speed - extremely quickly - cự c kì nhanh
48. push your luck - to try too hard to get - là m việc gì đó mạ o
a particular result and risk losing what you hiểm và có thể mang
have achieved lạ i rắ c rố i
49. wish sb luck - to say that one hopes someone will have - chú c ai đó may mắ n
success
50. trust to luck - to believe that the things that - trô ng và o sự may
should happen will happen mắ n
51. bring you luck - mang lại may mắ n
52. the luck of the - used to say that the result of something - mộ t sự việc gì đó phụ
draw cannot be controlled and depends on chance thuộ c và o số phậ n,
Luck hên xui, khô ng đoá n
trướ c đượ c
53. a stroke/piece of - something that happens by chance and - may mắ n bấ t ngờ
luck that helps you to achieve something
54. as luck would - used to say that something happened - tình cờ , ngẫ u nhiên
have it by chance
55. in luck experiencing a surprisingly good situation - may mắ n, gặ p may
56. with any luck - used before describing an event or - hy vọ ng điều gì đó có
a result that you are hoping for thể xả y ra
Natural 57.completely/totally - hoà n toà n tự nhiên
natural
58. natural causes - Nature regarded as a (manifold) source of - nguyên nhâ n tự
causation; the regular and predictable nhiên
causes of a thing.
- Old age or disease as causes of death, as
distinguished from accident, murder, etc.
59. natural ability - ability that is inherited - khả năng tự nhiên
60. natural resources - things such as minerals, forests, coal, etc. - tài nguyên thiên
that exist in a place and can be used nhiên
by people
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Weather 103. in all weathers - If something is done in all weathers, it is - trong mọ i loạ i thờ i
done in every type of weather tiết cả tố t lẫ n xấ u
104. under the - If someone is or feels under the weather, - bị ố m
weather they feel ill
105. weather forecast A statement of what the weather is likely to - dự bá o thờ i tiết
be for the next day or few days, usually
broadcast on television or radio or printed
in a newspaper
106. weatherproof - not allowing wind or rain to go through - chố ng chịu thờ i tiết
(mưa, gió )
107. strong/light - gió mạ nh/gió nhẹ
wind
108. gust of wind - sudden strong wind - cơn gió mạnh
109. in the wind - if something is in the wind, people are - Sắp xả y ra nhưng
talking about it and it may happen, but no chưa biết chính xá c là
one is sure khi nà o
110. winds of change - used to refer to things that have important - nhữ ng sự kiện, sự
Wind effects, and that cannot be stopped việc sắp hoặ c mớ i diễn
ra mà đem lạ i mộ t sự
thay đổ i lớ n
WORD FORMATION
111. assess /əˈses/ (v) đá nh giá, ướ c định ;
= estimate
112. assessment /əˈsesmənt/ (n) sự định giá, sự đá nh giá
113. reassessment /ˌriːəˈsesmənt/ (n) sự định giá lại, sự đá nh giá lạ i
114. assessor /əˈsesə(r)/ (n) ngườ i định giá , ngườ i cố vấ n
115. assessed /əˈsest/ (v) past simple and past participle of
assess: định giá, đá nh giá
116. cause /kɔːz/ (n) nguyên nhâ n, căn nguyên
(v) gâ y ra
117. causation /kɔːˈzeɪʃn/ (n) quá trình tạ o ra kết quả
118. causal /ˈkɔːzl/ (adj) (thuộ c) quan hệ nhâ n quả ;
(thuộ c) nguyên nhâ n
119. conservatism /kənˈsɜːvətɪzəm/ (n) chủ nghĩa bả o thủ
120. conservative /kənˈsɜːvətɪv/ (adj) bả o tồ n, duy trì, bả o toà n
121. conservatively /kənˈsɜːvətɪvli/ (adv) bả o thủ , thậ n trọ ng, dè dặ t
122. ecology /iˈkɒlədʒi/ (n) sinh thái họ c
123. ecologist /iˈkɒlədʒɪst/ (n) nhà sinh thá i họ c
124. ecological /ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkl/ (adj) thuộ c sinh thá i họ c
125. ecologically /ˌiːkəˈlɒdʒɪkli/ (adv) về phương diện sinh thái
126. elude /ɪˈluːd/ (v) tránh né, lảng trá nh, trố n trá nh
127. elusiveness /ɪˈluːsɪvnəs/ (n) tính hay lả ng trá nh, tính chấ t lả ng
trá nh
128. elusive /ɪˈluːsɪv/ (adj) khó nắ m bắt, khó giải thích, khó
định nghĩa
129. elusively /ɪˈluːsɪvli/ (adv) theo mộ t cá ch khó định nghĩa,
giả i thích
130. erode /ɪˈrəʊd/ (v)xó i mò n, ă n mò n
131. erosion /ɪˈrəʊʒn/ (n) sự xó i mò n, sự ă n mò n
132. erupt /ɪˈrʌpt/ (v) phun (nú i lử a), nổ ra (chiến tranh)
(= break out), là m giá n đoạ n (cuộ c hộ i
thoại)
133. eruption /ɪˈrʌpʃn/ (n) sự phun (nú i lử a), sự nổ ra, sự
phá t ban (trên da), sự giá n đoạ n
134. extinct /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/ (adj) tuyệt chủ ng, tiêu hủ y, dậ p tắ t
135. extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/ (n) sự tuyệt chủ ng, sự tiêu diệt, sự
dậ p tắ t
136. favour /ˈfeɪvə(r)/ (n) sự ủ ng hộ , sự đồ ng ý, sự quý mến
137. favouritism /ˈfeɪvərɪtɪzəm/ (n) sự thiên vị
138 favourite /ˈfeɪvərɪt/ (n) yêu thích, mến mộ
139. favourable /ˈfeɪvərəbl/ (adj) thuận lợ i, có ích, có triển vọ ng,
có thiện chí
140. unfavourable /ʌnˈfeɪvərəbl/ (adj) khô ng có thuậ n lợ i, khô ng tá n
thành, khô ng có thiện chí
141. favourably /ˈfeɪvərəbli/ (adv) thuậ n lợ i, tố t đẹp
142. unfavorably /ʌnˈfeɪvərəbli/ (adv) khô ng thuậ n lợ i, khô ng tố t đẹp
143. fortune /ˈfɔːtʃuːn/ (n) vậ n may, sự may mắ n
144. misfortune /ˌmɪsˈfɔːtʃuːn/ (n) điều khô ng may, sự rủ i ro
145. fortunate /ˈfɔːtʃənət/ (adj) may mắ n, có phướ c, tố t số
146. unfortunate /ʌnˈfɔːtʃənət/ (adj) khô ng may, rủ i ro, bấ t hạnh
147. fortunately /ˈfɔːtʃənətli/ (adv) may mắ n, may thay
148. unfortunately /ʌnˈfɔːtʃənətli/ (adv) khô ng may, mộ t cá ch đá ng tiếc
149. fortuitous /fɔːˈtjuːɪtəs/ (adj) tình cờ , bấ t ngờ , ngẫ u nhiên
(mang lạ i kết quả tố t )
150. fortuitously /fɔːˈtjuːɪtəsli/ (adv) mộ t cá ch tình cờ , ngẫ u nhiên
151. instinct /ˈɪnstɪŋkt/ (n) bản nă ng, nă ng khiếu
152. instinctive ɪnˈstɪŋktɪv/ (adj) thuộ c bả n năng, do bả n nă ng
153. instinctively /ɪnˈstɪŋktɪvli/ (adv) theo bả n nă ng
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12. equidistant - at the same distance from two places - khoả ng cá ch bằ ng nhau từ
(adj) hai nơi.
/¸i:kwi
´distənt/
13. expand (v) - to become or make larger in size and fill more space - mở rộ ng
/ikˈspand/
14. extent (n) - the importance of a problem or situation - mứ c độ
/ɪkˈstɛnt/ -the size or area of something - phạ m vi
/ˈmeɪdʒər/
24. mass (n) - a large quantity or number - nhiều
/mæs/ - the amount of physical matter an object contains - khố i, đố ng
25. meagre (adj) - smaller or less than you want or need - nghèo nà n, đạ m bạ c, gầ y gò
/´mi:gə/
26. minor (adj) - not very important in comparison with people or things of - khô ng quan trọ ng, thứ yếu
/´mainə/ the same type
27. minute (adj) - very small - nhỏ , vụ n vặ t
/maɪˈnut/
28. multiple - involving or consisting of many people, things or parts - nhiều
(adj,n) - a number that you can divide by a smaller number an
/'mʌltipl/ exact number of times - bộ i số
29. proportion - a quantity of something that is a part or share a of the - tỉ lệ, phầ n
(n) whole
/prə'pɔ:ʃn/
30. quantity (v) - to measure or describe something as a quantity - lượ ng, số lượ ng
/ˈkwɒntɪti/
31. rate (n,v) - the number of times something happens, or the number of - tỷ lệ
/reit/ examples of something within a particular period of time
- the speed at which something happens within a particular
period of time - tố c độ
- to consider that someone or something has a particular
quality or has achieved a particular standard or level - xếp hạ ng, loạ i
32. ratio (n) - a relationship between two things expressed as two - tỷ số , tỷ lệ
/'rei∫iəʊ/ numbers or amounts
33. ration (n,v) - a limited amount of something, especially food, that you - khẩ u phầ n
/'ræ∫n/ are allowed to have, for example when there is not much
available or when someone else is controlling it.
34. shrink (v) - to become or make something smaller in size - co lạ i, quắ t lạ i
/∫riŋk/
35. sufficient - as much as is needed - đủ
(adj)
/sə'fi∫nt/
36. sum (n,v) - an amount of money - số tiền
/sʌm/ - a simple calculation - phép cộ ng
37. uneven (adj) - not regular in terms of size, length, quality or quantity - khô ng đều
/ʌn'i:vn/
38. vast (adj) - extremely large - lớ n
39. volume (n) - an amount of something - khố i lượ ng
/'vɒlju:m/ - the amount of space something takes or can be filled with - thể tích, dung tích
40.widespread - happening or existing in many places, or affecting many - phổ biến, lan rộ ng
(adj) people
/'waidspred/
41.benefit (n,v) -money or other help that the government gives people - tiền phú c lợ i
/'benifit/ who need financial help, for example because they do not
have a job
- an advantage you get from a situation - lợ i ích
- to get help or an advantage from something - đượ c lợ i từ việc gì
42. - money that someone receives because something bad has - tiền đền bù , bồ i thườ ng
compensation happened to them.
(n)
/,kɒmpen'sei∫n/
43. damage (n) - money that the court orders you to pay someone because - tiền đền bù thiệt hại
/'dæmidʒ/ you have harmed them or their property
44. debt (n) /det/ - an amount of money that you owe - nợ
45. deduct (v) - to take an amount or number from a total - khấ u đi, trừ đi
/di'dʌkt/
46. deposit (n,v) - a first payment that you make when you agree to buy or - tiền đặ t trướ c
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53. investment - money used in a way that may earn you more money, for - vố n đầ u tư
(n) example money used for buying property or shares in a
/in'vestmənt/ company
- the process of spending money in order to improve - sự đầ u tư
something or make it more successful
54. lump sum - money in a single large payment rather than small - thanh toán mộ t lầ n
(n phr) separate payments
54. mortgage (n) - a legal agreement in which you borrow money from a - sự cầ m cố , thế chấp
/'mɔ:gidʒ/ bank in order to buy a house. E.g: You pay back your
mortgage by making monthly payments
55. overdraft (n) - an agreement with your bank that allows you to spend - số thấ u chi
/'əʊvədrɑ:ft/ money when you have no money left in your account
56. pension (n) - an amount of money that someone who no longer works - lương hưu
/'pen∫n/ because of their age or an illness, etc is paid regularly,
either by a company they once worked for or by the
government
57. share (n) - one of the equal parts of a company that you can buy as a - cổ phầ n
/∫eə[r]/ way of investing money
58. speculate (v) - to take the risk of investing your money in a company in - đầ u cơ
/'spekjʊleit/ the hope that you can make a big profit later by selling the
shares you buy
59. withdraw (v) - to take money from a bank account - rú t tiền
/wið'drɔ:/
PHRASAL VERBS
1. add up to - if separate amounts add up to a total amount, together they - tính tổ ng
form that total; combine to produce a particular result or
effect
2. break down - divide something such as a total amount into separate parts - chia thành từ ng phần
breakdown (n) the process of a substance breaking into the
parts of which it is made - quá trình chia cá i gì
thành từ ng phần
3. build up - increase or make something increase; gradually develop; - tăng lên, phá t triển lên
talk about someone or something in a very positive way so - nó i về điều gì tích cự c
that people are impressed with them; make someone bigger,
healthier and stronger, especially by making them eat more
build-up (n)
4. buy off - give someone money so that they do not act against you - đú t ló t
5. buy out - pay money to your business partner so that you can control - mua lạ i cổ phầ n từ ai
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IDIOMS
1. a drop in the ocean - a very small amount that will not have much - thứ gì đó quá nhỏ để tạ o nên ả nh
effect hưở ng
2. break even - if a person or business breaks even, they - hò a vố n
neither make a profit nor lose money
3. fall short - not reach a particular level or to fail to achieve - khô ng đạ t đượ c, thất bạ i để đạ t
something you were trying to do cá i gì bạ n đang cố gắ ng
4. fifty-fifty - equal, or into two equal parts - ngang bằ ng, hai phần bằ ng nhau
5. go halves - share the cost of something with someone so - chia sẻ mộ t nử a cá i gì vớ i ai
that you each pay 50%
6. it's as broad as it's - used for saying that you cannot choose - hoà n toà n giố ng nhau, khô ng
long between two things or actions because they are khá c gì
equal
7. keep up with the - try to be as rich, successful, etc as your - cố gắ ng già u có , thà nh cô ng… như
Joneses neighbours hà ng xó m
8. knee-high to a - very small, because you were very young - cò n rấ t trẻ, nhỏ bé
grasshopper
9. line your - obtain money, especially by acting dishonestly - là m ra số tiền lớ n theo cá ch
pocket(s) khô ng trung thự c
10. lock, stock and - including every part of a particular thing, - tấ t cả mọ i thứ
barrel situation, place, etc
11. six of one (and) - used for saying that two things are equally - kẻ tá m lạ ng, ngườ i nử a câ n ( chỉ
half a dozen of the good or bad việc khô ng khá c nhau là mấ y)
other
12. tidy sum/amount - large sum/amount - lượ ng lớ n
COLLOCATIONS
1. make a big thing out of to give something too much importance - quan tâ m quá mứ c,
là m quá lên
2. make it big to become famous or successful - nổ i tiếng, thà nh cô ng
3. big on to like very much - rấ t thích thứ gì
4. big of sb (to do) if an action is big of someone, it is kind, - sự tố t bụ ng củ a ai đó
Big good, or helpful. This phrase is usually used (trong khi hà m ý thì
humorously or angrily to mean the opposite ngượ c lạ i)
5. great big very large - rấ t to, rộ ng
6. big business powerful and influential businesses and - doanh nghiệp lớ n
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67. pay good money for to spend a lot of money on something - xà i rấ t nhiều tiền và o
việc gì
68. made of money to be very rich - già u có
69. for my money in my opinion - theo ý tô i thì
70. pay dearly for to suffer a lot as a result of a particular - phả i chịu hậ u quả về
Pay action or event việc gì đó
71. pay sb a compliment to say something nice about someone or to - khen ngợ i ai đó
someone
72. pay your way to pay for yourself rather than allowing - tự thanh toá n
someone else to pay
73. pay your (last) respects to go to someone’s funeral - tớ i phú ng viếng ai đó
to
74. pay the penalty/price to suffer the consequences of someone's - trả giá cho việc gì
for, actions
75. it pays to to be beneficial to do something - có đượ c lợ i ích từ việc
gì
76. pay rise an increase in the amount of money you - tă ng lương
earn for doing your job
77. pay and display a system used in a car park, in which you - má y bá n vé đỗ xe tự
buy a ticket from a machine and stick it on độ ng
the window of your car
78. pay freeze a situation in which a company stops - đố ng bă ng mứ c lương
increasing employees' pay because of tạ m thờ i
financial difficulties
79. take-home pay the amount of earnings that you have left - khoả n lương thự c tế
after tax, etc (sau khi đã trừ đi chi
phí )
Poor 80. (come a) poor second used to say that someone's particular finish - về thứ 2, xếp sau
in a race or contest was a long way behind ngườ i đứ ng nhấ t mộ t
the winner cá ch đá ng tiếc.
81. poor loser someone who gets angry when they lose - ngườ i thua cuộ c trong
bự c tứ c
82. poor girl/boy/etc the speaker, feels pity for the boy/girl - tộ i nghiệp thay cho cô
gá i / chà ng trai đó
83. poor relation something or someone similar to but less - loạ i kém, loạ i thườ ng
important than another thing or person,
and that people do not consider equally
valuable
84. a poor man's sth used to refer to something that is a worse - thua, tệ hơn thứ gì
or cheaper version of something else that is
mentioned
Rích 85. rich in having an abundance of something, - dồ i dà o, già u có
especially some valuable resource other
than money.
86. filthy/stinking rich to be extremely rich - cự c kì già u có
87. rich and famous celebrities, well-known people with lots of - già u có và nổ i tiếng
money
88. (the) rich and (the) the rich get richer and the poor get poorer - ngườ i già u cà ng già u
poor và ngườ i nghèo cà ng
nghèo
Share 89. share with/between/ to divide food, money, goods, etc. and give - chia đều nhau
among part of it to someone else
90. share and share alike used to encourage everyone to have an - chia sẻ đồ ng đều cù ng
equal amount of something nhau
91. share in/of to take part in or a portion of something - tham gia và o mộ t dự
alongside one or more other people. á n hoặ c hoạ t độ ng
92. shareholder a person who owns shares in a company - cổ đô ng
and therefore gets part of the company's
profits and the right to vote on how the
company is controlled
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93. share index a series of numbers that shows changes in - chỉ số chứ ng khoá n
the average prices of shares on a particular
stock market over time:
94. share option a contract for the right to buy and sell - hợ p đồ ng về quyền
shares at a later date or within a certain mua , bán cổ phiếu
period at a particular price (trong 1 giai đoạ n thờ i
gian)
95. share-out an act of dividing something between - sự chia phâ n phố i
several people
Short 96. (run) short of to become insufficient - thiếu, khô ng đủ
97. (have a) short to get angry very easily - nó ng tính, dễ dà ng tứ c
temper/fuse giậ n
98. draw/get the short to be the person in a group who has to do - là ngườ i đượ c giao
straw an unpleasant or difficult job cô ng việc khó nhằ n và
khô ng dễ chịu
99. make short work of to finish or deal with something quickly - kết thú c, giả i quyết
nhanh việc gì
100. short while a period of time, usually a short one - trong khoả ng thờ i
period/spell gian ngắ n
101. at short notice only a short time before something - trong thờ i hạn ngắ n
happens
102. short and sweet surprisingly short in a way that is pleasing - dù ng để chỉ mộ t điều
gì ngắ n gọ n và dễ chịu,
thoả i má i
103. shortlist a list of people who have been judged the - danh sá ch đã đượ c rú t
most suitable for a job or prize, made from gọ n
a longer list of people originally considered,
and from which one person will be chosen
Size 104. that's about the size of used to show your agreement with - đầ u đuô i câ u chuyện
it someone who has said something correct đú ng là như vậ y
105. cut sb to size to show someone that they are not as clever - là m cho ai đó nhậ n ra
or important as they think khả nă ng thậ t sự củ a
mình, bớ t ả o tưở ng về
bả n thân.
106. in size the relative extent of something; a thing's - kích cỡ , quy mô củ a
overall dimensions or magnitude; how big thứ gì
something is
107. size of one of the standard measures according to - khổ , cỡ cù ng mứ c
which things are made or sold
108. downsize to make a company or organization smaller - cắ t giả m nhâ n sự ,
by reducing the number of people working giả m biên chế
for it, or to become smaller in this way
Small 109. Feel/look small to show that someone is wrong in a way - là m ai đó thấ y xấ u hổ ,
that makes them appear stupid nhụ c nhã
110. (it's a) small world said to show your surprise that people or - trá i đấ t trò n (dù ng
events in different places are connected trong trườ ng hợ p gặ p
gỡ lạ i mộ t ngườ i, sự
kiện, tình huố ng ở mộ t
nơi khô ng ngờ tớ i)
111. in a/some/no small that although they do not do very much, - dù khô ng nhiều nhưng
way their actions are useful or important hà nh độ ng củ a ai đó rấ t
có ích và quan trọ ng
112. with a small 'c'/etc used to say something is more general or - dù ng để nó i về điều gì
less extreme than the usual meaning chung chung, hoặ c ít
quan trọ ng
113. small hours the early hours of the morning, between - giờ sá ng ( thườ ng là
twelve o'clock at night and the time when từ 12h đêm trở đi)
the sun rises
114. small screen television, especially when compared with - vô tuyến, ti vi
cinema
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115. small talk conversation about things that are not - cuộ c hộ i thoạ i ngắ n
important, often between people who do
not know each other well
Thin 116. have a thin skin to be easily/not easily upset by criticism - nhạ y cả m, dễ bị tổ n
thương
117. skating on thin ice to be doing something that is dangerous or - là m gì đó nguy hiểm,
involves risks dễ gặp rủ i ro
118. out of/from/into thin used to refer to someone or something - biến mất hoà n toà n
air disappearing suddenly and completely
119. thin on the ground to exist only in small numbers or amounts - khô ng nhiều, hiếm
120. thin on top to have lost some of the hair on your head - bị hó i, đầ u ít tó c
Weak 121. weak at the knees if you go weak at the knees, you lose your - bủ n rủ n tay châ n ( vì
strength and feel you are going to fall over, xú c độ ng, sợ hã i)
usually because of something unpleasant or
frightening
122. weak on not physically strong on sth - yếu, thua kém về điều
gì
123. on weak ground weak argument weak point/spot - ý kiến, lập trườ ng
khô ng vữ ng
124. weak argument which is illogical, impractical and irrelevant - cuộ c tranh cã i khô ng
logic, k thự c tế, khô ng
liên quan
125. weak point/spot a weak part in something - điểm yếu, chỗ yếu
126. weak-willed not having the determination that is needed - thiếu quyết tâ m , thiếu
to continue with a difficult course of action ý chí
WORD FORMATION
127. addition /əˈdɪʃ.ən/ (n) tính cộ ng; phép cộ ng; sự cộ ng lạ i
128. addendum /əˈdendəm/ (n) phụ lụ c
129. addenda /əˈdendəm/ (n) phụ lụ c (số nhiều)
130. additive /'æditiv/ (n) phụ gia
131. additional(ly) /ə'di∫ənl/ (n) bổ sung, thêm
132. beneficiary /,beni'fi∫əri/ (n) ngườ i thụ hưở ng
133. beneficial(ly) /,beni'fi∫l/ (adj) có ích, có lợ i
134. debrief /di:'bri:f/ (v) thẩ m vấ n
135. (de)briefing /'bri:fiŋ/ (n) sự chỉ dẫ n, sự thô ng tin
136. brevity /'brevəti/ (n) sự ngắ n ngủ i (cuộ c số ng)
137. briefs /bri:fs/ (n) (plur) quầ n đù i, quầ n ló t
138. briefly /'bri:fli/ (adv) ngắ n gọ n, vắ n tắ t
139. broaden /'brɔ:dn/ (v) mở rộ ng, rộ ng ra
140. breadth /bredθ/ (n) bề ngang, bề rộ ng
141. broadly /'brɔ:dli/ (adv) mộ t cá ch rõ rà ng
142. consideration /kən,sidə'rei∫n/ (n) sự xem xét, câ n nhắ c
143. considered /kənˈsɪdɚd/ (adj) suy xét cẩn thậ n
144. considering /kən'sidəriŋ/ (prep) xét cho đến cù ng
145. (in)considerable /kən'sidərəbl/ (adj) ( khô ng) lớ n, đá ng kể
146. considerably /kən'sidərəbli/ (adv) mộ t cá ch lớ n, đá ng kể
147. deepen /'di:pən/ (v) sâ u thêm, đậ m thêm
148. depth /depθ/ (n) chiều sâ u, độ sâ u
149. deeply /'di:pli/ (adv) hết sứ c, vô cù ng
150. equidistant /,i:kwi'distənt/ (adj) cá ch đều
151. distance /'distəns/ (n) khoả ng cá ch, quã ng đườ ng
152. (equi)distantly /'distəntli/ (adv) cá ch xa, xa cá ch
153. withdraw /wið'drɔ:/ (v) rú t lạ i, thu hồ i
154. withdrew /wi 'dru :/ (v) rú t ra, rú t khỏ i (v2)
155. withdrawn /wið'drɔ:n/ (adj) e dè, khô ng cở i mở
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30. neglect (v, n) /nɪ - (v) to fail to take care of somebody or do something - thờ ơ, bỏ bê, sao lã ng
ˈɡlekt/ that you should do
- (n) the failure to give someone or something the - sự sao lã ng, bỏ bê
care or attention they need
31. peep (v, n) /piːp/ - (v) to look quickly and secretly at something, - nhìn trộ m, dò m
especially through a small opening
- (n) a quick or secret look at something - cá i nhìn nhanh vộ i (bí mậ t, lén
lú t)
32. peer (v) /pɪə(r)/ - to look closely or carefully at something, especially - nhìn să m soi
when you cannot see it clearly
33. prevent (v) /prɪ - to stop somebody from doing something; to stop - ngă n ngừ a
ˈvent/ something from happening
34. rejoice (v) /rɪ - to express great happiness about something - vui mừ ng, hân hoan
ˈdʒɔɪs/
35. resent (v) /rɪ - to feel bitter or angry about something, especially - phẫn nộ
ˈzent/ because you feel it is unfair
36. resolute (adj) - extremely determined - cương quyết, kiên quyết
/ˈrezəluːt/
37. smirk (v, n) - (v) to smile in an unpleasant way because something - cườ i tự mã n
/smɜːk/ bad has happened to someone else, or because you
think you have achieved an advantage over them
- (n) an unpleasant smile
42. admit (v) /ədˈmɪt/ - to take someone into hospital for medical treatment - tiếp nhậ n bệnh nhâ n
43. agony (n) - extreme physical or mental pain - nỗ i đau đớ n cự c độ
/ˈæɡəni/
44. antidote (n) - a substance that controls the effects of a poison or - thuố c giả i độ c, thuố c trị bệnh
/ˈæntidəʊt/ disease
45. consultant (n) - a senior doctor in a hospital who is an expert in a - bá c sĩ tư vấ n
/kənˈsʌltənt/ particular medical subject
46. diagnosis (n) - a statement about what disease someone has, based - sự chẩ n đoá n
/ˌdaɪəɡˈnəʊsɪs/ on examining them
47. inoculate (v) /ɪ - to protect a person or an animal from catching a - tiêm chủ ng
ˈnɒkjuleɪt/ particular disease by injecting them with a mild form
of the disease
48. irritation (n) /ˌɪrɪ - a painful feeling in a part of the body, often with red - sự kích thích, sự là m tấ y lên
ˈteɪʃn/ skin or swelling
49. numb (adj) /nʌm/ - if a part of your body is numb, you cannot feel - tê liệt, tê có ng
anything in it
50. nursing home (n - a small private hospital, especially one where old - viện dưỡ ng lã o
phr) people live and are cared for
/ˈnɜːsɪŋ həʊm/
51. paralysis (n) /pə - the loss of the ability to move your body or a part of - sự mấ t điều khiển, chứ ng liệt
ˈræləsɪs/ it, usually because of an injury or illness
52. plaster (n) - a thin piece of cloth that you wrap around an injured - miếng dá n cá nhâ n
/ˈplɑːstə(r)/ part of your body
53. prescribe (v) /prɪ - (of a doctor) to say what medical treatment - kê đơn
ˈskraɪb/ someone should have
54. prevent(a)ive - medical examinations, treatments, advice, intended - thuố c phò ng ngừ a
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PHRASAL VERBS
1. black out - to become unconscious for a short time; make a - bấ t tỉnh, tắ t đèn
place dark by turning off all the lights
2. come out in - to become covered in spots, etc. on the skin - bị nổ i lên, phủ lên (mụ n)
3. come round - to become conscious again after being - tỉnh lạ i, bị thuyết phụ c thay đổ i ý
unconscious; be persuaded to change your opinion kiến/quan điểm
or decision
4. cotton on - to begin to understand or realize something - ngộ ra
without being told
5. crease up - to start laughing or make somebody start - cườ i lớ n, là m cho ai cườ i nhiều
laughing
6. follow up - check the health of someone who has received - kiểm tra sứ c khỏ e ai đó (sau khi
medicine treatment đượ c điều trị)
7. get down - to make somebody feel sad or depressed - là m ai chá n nả n, tuyệt vọ ng
8. get over - to return to your usual state of health, happiness, - bình phụ c (vui vẻ trở lạ i, cả m
etc. after an illness, a shock, the end of a thấ y tố t hơn)
relationship
SYNONYM: overcome
- solve or deal with a problem
- giả i quyết
9. go down - produce a particular reaction - tương tá c, phả n ứ ng lạ i
(well/badly) (with
sb)
10. lash out - to suddenly try to hit somebody/something - chỉ trích, tấ n cô ng
11. pass away/on - to die (people say ‘pass away’ to avoid saying - qua đờ i
‘die’)
12. play up - to cause somebody problems or pain; behave - chọ c ai đến phá t cá u; hà nh xử tệ
badly
13. pull through - to get better after a serious illness, operation - bình phụ c (sau cơn ố m nặ ng)
14. shrivel up - become smaller and thinner and not lool fresh - co lại, teo lại
and healthy
15. summon up - manage to produce a quality or a reaction that - cố gắ ng tạ o ra 1 phẩ m chấ t/ phả n
helps you deal with a difficult situation ứ ng giú p bạ n đố i phó tình huố ng
khó khă n
16. ward off - to protect or defend yourself against danger, - ngă n ngừ a
illness, attack
IDIOMS
1. cry over spilt milk - to be unhappy about something - cứ mã i buồ n bã về nhữ ng việc đã
that happened and can’t be fixed xả y ra khô ng thể sử a chữ a.
2. fly off the handle - to lose one's temper - dễ nổ i giậ n/ dễ phá t cá u
3. give sb a taste/dose of their - to treat someone in the same bad - lấ y gậ y ô ng đậ p lưng ô ng
own medicine way they treat other people
4. give sth a miss - decide not to do sth that you - quyết định khô ng là m việc bạ n
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usually do thườ ng là m
5. grin and bear it - to accept something bad without - nhẫ n nhụ c/ chịu đự ng điều cay
complaining đắ ng
6. keep a straight face - to manage to stop yourself from - giữ khuô n mặ t nghiêm tú c/thẳ ng
smiling or laughing thắ n
7. keep your hair on - said to tell someone to stop being - bình tĩnh nà o (nó i ai đó khô ng tứ c
so angry or upset giậ n/ buồ n)
8. kick yourself - to be annoyed because you did - hố i hậ n (vì điều đã là m/ khô ng là m
something stupid or failed to act điều gì mà bạ n có cơ hộ i)
when you had an opportunity
9. let off steam - shout or do something that allows - là m cho hạ hỏ a/ nguô i ngoai cơn
you to get rid of anger giậ n
10. let sleeping dogs lie - leave a person or situation alone if - chuyện qua rồ i hã y cho qua
they might cause you trouble
11. never/don’t look a gift horse - if you are given something good, - đừ ng chê bai/soi xét , đừ ng bớ i
in the mouth you shoud not complain about it or lô ng tìm vết
try to find things that are wrong with
it
12. up in arms about - angry and complaining about - tứ c giậ n/ bấ t mã n về điều gì
something
COLLOCATIONS
1. act in good/bad faith - if something is done in good/bad - là m gì thà nh thậ t/
faith, it is done sincerely and khô ng thành thậ t
honestly/ dishonestly
2. act out of desperation/ - to do something for a particular - bất đắ c dĩ
necessity reason/ done because of some
obligation, need, or requirement
3. act the part/role of - to behave the way that people in a - đó ng vai
particular role usually behave
Act 4. act on sb’s advice/ orders/ - to do something because you have - là m theo lờ i
behalf been advised or told to do it khuyên/mệnh
lệnh/thay mặ t ai
5. put on an act - to behave or speak in a false or - giả vờ , giả bộ
artificial way
6. get your act together - to start to organize yourself so that - cả i thiện/chỉnh đố n lạ i
you do things in an effective way
7. in the act (of doing) - in the process of doing something - bắ t quả tang/ đang
là m gì
8. behaviour towards - the manner in which someone - hà nh vi đố i vớ i ai đó
behaves towards or deals with
someone or something
9. pattern of behaviour - a recurrent way of acting by an - cá ch cư xử
individual or group toward a given
object or in a given situation
Behaviour
10. on your best behaviour - behaving very politely and well - cư xử rấ t lịch sự
11. aggressive/ antisocial/ - behavior that causes physical or - hà nh vi hung hă ng/
violent/ bad/ good/ emotional harm to others, or chố ng đố i xã hộ i/bạ o
exemplary behaviour threatens to/ harmful to society/ lự c/xấ u/ ứ ng xử tố t
proper or correct conduct or
deportment
Consequenc 12. accept/face the - to accept responsibility for your - chịu trá ch nhiệm
e consequences actions, whatever happens (cho dù chuyện gì xả y
ra)
13. consequence of - a result of a particular action or - hậ u quả , hệ quả củ a
situation, often one that is bad or not
convenient
14. serious/dire consequences - to emphasize how serious or - hậ u quả nghiêm
terrible a situation or event is trọ ng/tai hại
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15. as a consequence - used for saying that one thing is the - chính vì vậ y, do đó
result of another
SYNONYM: therefore
16. in consequence - as a result of (something specified) - hậ u quả / hệ quả
17. of no/little consequence - not important in any way/not very - khô ng quan trọ ng
important
18. cry with - responding with a negative reaction - khó c vì quá hạnh phú c
pain/happiness/relief helps us cope with extreme joy
19. cry over/about - the thing one is crying over is the - khó c vì
cause of one's emotions
20. cry for help - a way of saying that you need help - tiếng kêu cứ u
21. cry yourself to sleep - to cry for a long time until you start - khó c cho đến khi thiếp
to sleep đi
22. cry your eyes/heart out - to cry in an uncontrolled way - khó c to, nứ c nở
23. cry on sb’s shoulder - tell one's problems to someone so - kể khổ vớ i ai đó
Cry
as to gain sympathy or consolation
24. have a (good) cry - a sort of emotional, brought about - khó c nứ c nở ( khó c để
by experiencing strong emotions; or tâ m trạng tố t hơn, nhẹ
put even more simply, some times lò ng)
you feel better after you cry.
25. cry of - a loud sound that someone makes - tiếng kêu khó c
to express pain, hunger, sadness, etc.
26. a far cry from - to be completely different from - khá c xa
something
27. go dead - stopped working especially because - châ n tay tê cứ ng
it was too cold
28. drop dead - die suddenly and unexpectedly. - chết bấ t đắ c kì tử
29. dead (set) against (doing) - to be determined not to do - kịch liệt phả n đố i
something
30. in dead trouble - to be in serious trouble - rơi và o rắ c rố i nghiêm
trọ ng
Dead 31. dead and buried - no longer used or accepted - khô ng cò n đượ c sử
dụ ng/ chấp nhậ n
32. dead silence - total lack of sound, voices - chết lặ ng
33. dead centre - the exact center of something. - trọ ng tâ m/ điểm chết
34. dead and gone - for a long time; long past and - xa xưa
forgotten
35. dead tired - very tired; completely exhausted - kiệt sứ c
36. dead ahead - right in front: just ahead - ngay phía trướ c
37. have an/no/little/some - to affect or influence someone or -có ít/ khô ng ảnh
effect (on) something hưở ng đến ai/cá i gì
38. come into effect - (of a law etc) to begin to operate - có hiệu lự c thi hà nh
39. put/bring sth into effect - to put (a law etc) into operation - đưa và o thự c hiện/
thự c thi
40. adverse/beneficial effect - an unexpected medical problem - tá c dụ ng phụ / có lợ i
that happens during treatment with
a drug or other therapy. Adverse
Effect
effects may be mild, moderate, or
severe
41. for effect - if you do something for effect, you - để đạ t hiệu quả
do it in order to impress people
42. in effect - used for giving a summary of what - trên thự c tế, có hiệu
you think the situation really is lự c
43. with effect from - used for saying when something - bắt đầ u từ
will start
Feel 44. get/have a feel for - to develop a good knowledge or - cả m nhậ n/nhận định
understanding of something về
45. feel free - to tell someone that there is no - đừ ng ngạ i/ thoải má i
reason to hesitate about doing là m gì
something
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46. feel like (doing) - to have the urge or desire to do - có ướ c muố n/ mong
something. muố n là m gì
47. feel as if/as though - to have the sensation (physical or - cả m thấ y như thể là …
mental) or feeling that
48. feel strongly about - to have a very strong, or passionate, - đam mê về
opinion about something
49. feel the effects/ benefits of - the result of a particular influence/ - chịu ả nh hưở ng/đượ c
the help that you get from it or the lợ i từ
advantage that results from it.
50. feel guilty - a feeling of shame or regret as a - dằ n vặ t/ tự trá ch bả n
result of bad conduct. thân
51. feel your way - to judge where you are going by - lầ n mò đườ ng đi, mò
touching with your hands instead of mẫ m
looking
52. feel at home - to feel comfortable and relaxed - cả m giá c thoả i má i
53. good/bad for your health - helping you to stay physically - tố t/gâ y hạ i cho sứ c
strong and not ill/ to harm your khỏ e
health or your body.
54. in good/poor health - the state of being vigorous and free - mạ nh khỏ e/ sứ c khỏ e
from bodily or mental disease/ yếu
unwell or indisposed
55. ill health - illness or a health condition that - ố m yếu
affects you for a long time
56. health and safety - the laws, rules, and principles that - luậ t sứ c khỏ e và an
are intended to keep people safe toà n (khi là m việc)
from injury or disease at work and in
public places
57. health hazard/risk - chemical, physical or biological - mố i nguy hạ i cho sứ c
Health factors in our environment that can khỏ e
have negative impacts on our short-
or long-term health
58. health centre - a building in which several doctors - trung tâ m y tế
have offices and where people go to
visit them
59. health club - a usually commercial establishment - câ u lạ c bộ thể dụ c
having members who pay a fee to
use its health and fitness facilities
and equipment
60. health food - a food promoted as highly - thự c phẩ m tự nhiên
conducive to health (tố t cho sứ c khỏ e)
61. health service - a public service that provides - dịch vụ y tế
medical treatment
62. fall/ be taken ill (with) - if you fall ill or are taken ill, you - ngã bệnh
suddenly become ill
ill
63. critically/ seriously/ - having a very serious illness that - că n bệnh nguy
terminally ill you will die from hiểm /bệnh nan y
Kind 64. kind of sb to do - the type of person or thing that - ai thậ t tố t bụ ng/tử tế
someone likes khi là m gì
65. respond in kind - you react to something that - đá p lạ i (mộ t cá ch tử
someone has done to you by doing tế)
the same thing to them.
66. kind(s) of - to a moderate degree/ in a way that - hơi/ đạ i loạ i
approximates
67. of some/any kind - an expression used when the - bất kì loạ i nà o
speaker is uncertain of what they are
describing.
68. of a/the kind - like or similar to what has been said - thuộ c loạ i
69. kind regards - an expression of affection or - thâ n mến
friendship, typically used
formulaically at the end of a letter,
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email
70. laugh at/about - to show that you think someone or - cườ i nhạ o
something is stupid
71. laugh in sb’s face - to make it obvious to someone that - chế giễu/ cườ i và o
you do not respect them mặ t ai
72. make sb laugh - to make someone laugh a lot - là m ai đó cườ i
73. have a good laugh - to laugh a lot (about, at something, - cườ i sả ng khoá i
someone)
74. have the last laugh - to finally get an advantage from an - cuố i cù ng vẫ n chiến
argument or disagreement, when it thắng
seemed that you would not
Laugh
75. don’t make me laugh - said to someone to show that you - đừ ng khiến tô i buồ n
cannot take their suggestion cườ i
seriously
76. for a laugh - if you do something for a laugh, you - chỉ để cho vui
do it for enjoyment
77. a laugh a minute - very funny, or enjoyable. This - rấ t hà i hướ c/buồ n
expression is usually used in a cườ i
humorous way to show that you
really think someone or something is
not funny or enjoyable
78. put sb’s life at risk - to do something very dangerous - liều mạ ng
that could result in sb's death
79. lose a life - to die suddenly because of an - mấ t mạ ng
accident or violent event
80. bring sth to life - to make something more real or - hồ i tỉnh, mang lạ i sứ c
exciting, or to become more real or số ng
exciting
81. come to life - to become very interesting, - châ n thự c và số ng
appealing, or exciting độ ng
82. not on your life - said as a way of strongly refusing - khô ng đờ i nà o/khô ng
Life someone's suggestion or request bao giờ
83. save sb’s life - to thank someone who has helped - cứ u mạ ng ai đó
you out of a difficult situation or
solved a problem for you
84. take your own life - to kill yourself - tự tử
85. that’s life - to say that something unpleasant or - đờ i là thế
difficult is a normal part of life
86. this is the life - the level of satisfaction and comfort - đâ y mớ i là cuộ c số ng
that a person or group enjoys (hà i lò ng vớ i thự c tạ i)
87. quality of life - the level of satisfaction and comfort - chấ t lượ ng cuộ c số ng
that a person or group enjoys
Live 88. live a life of crime/luxury - habitual breaking of the law/ to - số ng cuộ c số ng tù tộ i/
lead a life typified by some quality, xa hoa
condition, or style
89. live to the age of - to survive until one is a certain age - số ng đến tuổ i nà o đó
90. can live with - to accept a difficult or unpleasant - chấ p nhậ n tình huố ng
situation khó khă n, khô ng dễ
chịu
91. live and let live - said to mean that people should - số ng khoan dung
accept the way other people live and
behave, especially if they do things in
a different way
92. live and learn - to say that one has learned - số ng qua rồ i mớ i biết
something from an experience that is
surprising and usually unpleasant
93. live beyond/within your - to have a way of life in which you - tiêu xài phung phí/tiết
means spend more money than you earn/ kiệm
less money than you earn
94. live in hope - to be hopeful that something will - ô m ấ p hi vọ ng
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happen
95. live a lie - to spend your life hiding the truth - số ng giả tạ o/ số ng tự
about yourself or your feelings lừ a dố i
96. live to tell the tale - to deal successfully with a - vượ t qua khó khă n
dangerous or unpleasant experience
SYNONYM: carry off
97. take medicine - treatment using drugs. - uố ng thuố c
98. alternative/ - a range of treatments for medical - liều thuố c thay thế/
complementary/ conditions that people use instead of thả o dượ c
herbal medicine or with western medicine/ the use of
Medicine
plants to treat medical conditions
99. medicine cabinet - a small cupboard in a bathroom in - tủ thuố c, tủ đồ lặt vặ t
which you keep soap, toothpaste, trong nhà vệ sinh
medicine etc
100. polite to - polite behaves towards other - cư xử lịch sự vớ i
people in a pleasant way that follows
all the usual rules of society
101. polite of - behaving in a way that is socially - lịch sự / lễ phép
correct and shows understanding of
and care for other people's feelings
102. just/only being polite - saying something not because it is - chỉ tỏ ra lịch sự
true but in order not to offend
someone
103. polite conversation - conversation that is made with - trò chuyện mộ t cá ch
Polite someone because they are with you lịch sự
and not because you really want to
talk to them
104. polite company - among people who are considered - xã hộ i/ mô i trườ ng
to have a good education and correct lịch sự
social behaviour
105. polite society - used for talking about people of a - tầng lớ p có giá o dụ c
high social class, usually suggesting
that they pretend that things they
consider to be unpleasant do not
exist
106. react to - to behave in a particular way - phả n ứ ng vớ i
because of something that is
happening around you or something
that someone is doing to you
107. react by doing - react in a certain way in response - phả n ứ ng bằ ng cá ch
to something là m gì đó
108. react accordingly/ - you use accordingly to introduce a - phả n ứ ng/đá p trả lạ i
appropriately fact or situation which is a result or cho phù hợ p
React
consequence of something that you
have just referred to.
109. react with - to change in a physical or chemical - (hó a) tá c dụ ng vớ i
way when put with another
substance
110. react against - to do things that are opposed to - chố ng lạ i/ đố i phó lạ i
(something or someone that one
disagrees with)
Reaction 111. cause/produce/provoke/ - to initiate a reaction, to make it - gâ y ra/kích độ ng phả n
trigger a reaction (to) happen ứ ng
112. reaction against - to do things that are opposed to - chố ng lạ i
(something or someone that one
disagrees with)
113. adverse/gut/ - any unexpected or dangerous - phả n ứ ng phụ / trự c
immediate reaction reaction to a drug / something that giá c/ phả n ứ ng tứ c thì
you feel or believe strongly without
stopping to think about it / an
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WORD FORM
135. act /ækt/ (v) đó ng vai (kịch, bộ phim)
(n) hà nh độ ng, hà nh vi, cử chỉ
136. enact /ɪˈnækt/ (v) ban hà nh
137. react /riˈækt/ (v) phả n ứ ng lạ i
138. counteract /ˌkaʊntərˈækt/ (v) chố ng lại
139. interact /ˌɪntərˈækt/ (v) ảnh hưở ng đến nhau, tá c độ ng lẫ n nhau,
tương tá c
140. transact /trænˈzækt/ (v) giao dịch
141. overact /ˌəʊvərˈækt/ (v) cườ ng điệu
142. overreact /ˌəʊvəriˈækt/ (v) phản ứ ng thá i quá
143. deactivate /diːˈæktɪveɪt/ (v) là m khô ng hoạ t độ ng
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/ˈmɒnək/
25. prohibit (v) /prə - to stop something from being done or used Cấ m
ˈhɪbɪt/ especially by law
- (v) to rule as king, queen, emperor, etc. Cai trị
26. reign (v, n) /reɪn/ - (n) the period during which a king, queen, Triều đạ i
emperor, etc. rules
27. reinforce (v) /ˌriːɪn - to make a feeling, an idea, etc. stronger Củ ng cố
ˈfɔːs/
28. reluctant (adj) /rɪ - not willing to do something Miễn cưỡ ng
ˈlʌktənt/
- to fight back when attacked; to use force to stop Chố ng lạ i, khá ng cự
something from happening
29. resist (v) - to stop yourself from having something you like Cưỡ ng lạ i
or doing something you very much want to do
30. restrict (v) /rɪ - to limit the size, amount or range of something Giớ i hạ n, hạ n chế
ˈstrɪkt/
31. society (n) /sə - people in general, living together in communities Xã hộ i
ˈsaɪəti/
- (v) to make someone experience something Phả i chịu
unpleasant
- (n) a thing or person that is being discussed, Chủ đề
32. subject (v, n) described or deal with
/ˈsʌbdʒekt/ - (n) a person who belongs to a particular country,
especially one with a king or queen Thầ n dâ n
33. subjective (adj) - based on your own ideas or opinions rather than Chủ quan
/səbˈdʒektɪv/ facts
- to accept the authority, control or greater Phụ c tù ng
34. submit (v) /səb
strength of somebody/something; to agree to
ˈmɪt/
something because of this
35. summon (v) - to order somebody to appear in court Triệu tậ p
/ˈsʌmən/
36. superior (adj) /suː - better in quality than somebody/something else; Tố t hơn
ˈpɪəriə(r)/ greater than somebody/something else
- to make something, especially somebody’s Là m suy yếu
37. undermine (v)
confidence or authority, gradually weaker or less
/ˌʌndəˈmaɪn/
effective
38. unrest (n) /ʌn - a political situation in which people are angry and Bạ o độ ng
ˈrest/ likely to protest or fight
39. victimize (v) - to treat someone in a deliberately unfair way Bắ t nạ t, trù dập
/ˈvɪktɪmaɪz/
40. vulnerable (adj) - weak and easily hurt physically or emotionally Yếu đuố i, dễ bị tổ n thương
/ˈvʌlnərəbl/
8. convict (v, n) /kən - to decide and state officially in court that Kết án
ˈvɪkt/ somebody is guilty of a crime
9. corruption (n) /kə - dishonest or illegal behavior, especially of people Sự tham nhũ ng
ˈrʌpʃn/ in authority
10.deterrent (n) /dɪ - something that makes somebody less likely to do Thứ ngă n cả n ai là m gì
ˈterənt/ something (= that deters them)
- the history, traditions, buildings and objects that Di sả n
11.heritage (n) a country or society has had for many years and
/ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ that are considered an important part of its
character
- the process of coming to live permanently in a Sự nhậ p cư
12.immigration (n)
different country from the one you were born in;
/ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃn/
the number of people who do this
13.industrial action (n - action that workers take, especially stopping Sự đình cô ng
phr) /ɪnˌdʌstriəl work, to protest to their employers about
ˈækʃn/ something
- a large important organization that has a Cơ quan
14.institution (n)
particular purpose, for example a university or
/ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃn/
bank
15.legislation (n) - a law or a set of laws passed by a parliament Sự lậ p phá p
/ˌledʒɪsˈleɪʃn/
- an unreasonable dislike of or preference for a Thà nh kiến
16.prejudice (n)
person, group, custom, etc., especially when it is
/ˈpredʒədɪs/
based on their race, religion, sex, etc.
17.prison reform (n - changes instead to make the prison system fairer Cả i tạ o nhà tù
phr) or more active
18.privileged (adj) - having special rights or advantages that most Có đặ c quyền
/ˈprɪvəlɪdʒd/ people do not have
19.prosecute (v) - to officially charge somebody with a crime in Truy tố
/ˈprɒsɪkjuːt/ court
20.state (n) /steɪt/ - the government of a country Nhà nướ c, chính phủ
IDIOMS
Né trá nh tình huố ng xấ u và hi vọ ng
1. Bury your head in - ignore a problem or an unpleasant situation and
nó sẽ biến mấ t (tự lừ a dố i bả n thâ n
the sand hope that it will disappear.
rằ ng mọ i chuyện xấ u sẽ biến mấ t)
2. Gain/ get/ have/ Chiếm ưu thế
- gain/ get/ have/ take/ control or advantage over
take the upper
a person or situation
hand
3. Get/ have your Là m theo ý mình
- be allowed to have or do what you want
way
- used for saying that you should accept other Số ng dĩ hò a vi quý
4. Live and let live people’s belief and way of life, even if they are very
different from your own
- use your influence in order to get something you Gâ y sứ c ép
5. Pull (a few)
want or to help someone, especially when this is
strings
unfair
- official rules and processes that seem Qui tắ c, tiến trình khô ng cầ n thiết,
6. Red tape
unnecessary and delay results trì hoã n kết quả
- punish someone in your own way without Tự trừ ng phạ t ai theo cá ch củ a mình
7. Take the law into
involving the police or the courts, often by doing (dù ng “luậ t rừ ng”)
your own hands
something illegal yourself
8. The powers that Ngườ i có quyền lự c, ngườ i kiểm soá t
- the people who control situation
be tình hình
9. Throw the book Trừ ng phạ t, ră n dạ y
- punish someone very severely
at sb
10.Under sb’s thumb - completely controlled by someone else Bị ngườ i khá c điều khiển
crime
30. The scene of a - the place where a crime happened Hiện trườ ng vụ án
crime
- criminal organizations that plan and Phạ m tộ i có tổ chứ c
31. Organized crime commit crime, or the crimes that are
committed by such organizations
- is the attempt to reduce and determine Phò ng chố ng tộ i phạ m
crime and criminals. It is applied specifically
32. Crime prevention
to efforts made by governments to reduce
crime, enforce the law, and maintain
- the number of crimes that are committed Tỷ lệ phạ m tộ i
33. Crime rate
during a period of time in a particular place
34. Crime wave - a sudden increase in the number of crimes Là n só ng tộ i phạ m
- If you deny someone something that they Từ chố i cho ai cá i gì
35. Deny sb sth
need or want, you refuse to let them have it
36. Deny a request Từ chố i lờ i đề nghị
- to say that something is not true or does Phủ nhậ n điều gì
37. Deny that
not exist
Deny Phủ nhậ n là m gì
38. Deny doing
39. Deny having done Phủ nhậ n đã là m gì
- to say or show that you do not want to be Khô ng liên quan đồ ng
40. Deny (all)
involved with someone or something and thờ i từ chố i chịu trá ch
responsibility for
that you are not responsible for them. nhiệm cho ai/cá i gì
- to punish (a person who has done Phạ t ai để là m gương
41. Make an example
something wrong) as a way of warning other
of
people not to do the same thing
- to behave in a way that shows other people Là m gương tố t
42. Set an example
how to behave
43. Follow an - to do what someone else Là m theo ai đó , họ c
Example example theo gương ai đó
44. Give an example - Lấ y ví dụ
- a thing that is typical of or represents a Vậ t tiêu biểu hoặ c đạ i
45. An example of
particular group or set diện cho nhó m ngườ i
46. Classic/ prime - a very typical example of something Ví dụ điển hình
example
- to make somebody do something that they É p ai là m gì
47. Force sb to do
do not want to do
- to make someone do or accept something Bắ t ai chấp nhậ n cá i gì
48. Force sth on sb
even though they do not want to
49. Force your way - to move ahead by pushing and making Đẩ y ngườ i khá c ra để di
into/ through people move out of one's way chuyển
Force - to make yourself smile, laugh etc even Gượ ng cườ i
50. Force a smile
though you feel upset or annoyed
- physical strength, especially as shown Cố dù ng sứ c là m gì
51. With force
when something hits something else
52. Police force - the police in a country or area Lự c lượ ng cả nh sá t
- the combined military, naval, and air forces Lự c lượ ng vũ trang
53. Armed forces
of a nation
- to agree to give somebody what they ask Đồ ng ý vớ i ai vấ n đề họ
54. Grant sth to for, especially formal or legal permission to xin phép
do something
55. Grant sb - If someone who has authority over you Cho ai quyền là m gì
permission/ gives you permission to do something, they
Grant
authority say that they will allow you to do it.
- to agree to do, give, or allow (something Đồ ng ý là m gì
56. Grant a request
asked for or hoped for)
- make one’s wish come true Biến mơ ướ c củ a ai
57. Grant sb’s wish
thà nh sự thậ t
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WORD FOMATION
1. Aggression /əˈɡreʃn/ (n) thá i độ gâ y gổ , cuộ c xâ m lượ c
2. Aggressiveness /əˈɡresɪvnəs/ (n) tính hung hă ng
3. Aggressor /əˈɡresə(r)/ (n) kẻ xâ m lượ c
4. Aggressive /əˈɡresɪv/ (adj) hung hă ng
5. Aggressively /əˈɡresɪvli/ (adv) 1 cá ch hung hă ng
6. Argue /ˈɑːɡjuː/ (v) tranh luậ n, tranh cã i
7. Argument /ˈɑːɡjumənt/ (n) lý lẽ
8. Argumentative /ˌɑːɡjuˈmentətɪv/ (adj) có lý lẽ
9. Argumentatively /ˌɑːgjʊˈmɛntətɪvli/ (adv) 1 cá ch có lý lẽ
10. Arguable /ˈɑːɡjuəbl/ (adj) đá ng ngờ , đá ng tranh cã i
11. Unarguable /ʌnˈɑːɡjuəbl/ (adj) khô ng thể chố i cãi
12. Arguably /ˈɑːɡjuəbli/ (adv) có thể cho rằ ng
13. Charity /ˈtʃærəti/ (n) lò ng nhâ n hậ u, tổ chứ c từ thiện
14. Charitableness /ˈʧærɪtəblnəs/ (n) lò ng nhâ n đứ c
15. Charitable /ˈtʃærətəbl/ (adj) nhâ n hậ u
16. Uncharitable /ʌnˈtʃærɪtəbl/ (adj) khô ng nhâ n hậ u
17. Charitably /ˈtʃærətəbli/ (adv) nhâ n từ
18. Uncharitably /ʌnˈtʃærɪtəbli/ (adv) khô ng nhân từ
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46. curator (n) a person in charge of a museum, library, etc. Quả n đố c bả o tàng
/kjʊə'rətər/
47. fine art ( n phr) drawings, paintings, and sculptures that are Mỹ thuậ t
/ˌfaɪn ˈɑːt/ admired for their beauty and have no
practical use
48. installation (n) an occasion when equipment, furniture, or a Sự lắ p đặ t
/instə'lei∫n/ computer program is put into position or
made ready to use
49. lines (n pl) /lainz/ long, thin marks or shapes on the surface of Hình nét, hình dá ng
something
50. lyrics (n the words of a song Lờ i bà i há t
pl) /'liriks/
51. masterpiece a work of art such as a painting, film, or book Kiệt tá c
(n) /'mɑ:stəpi:s/ that is made with great skill
52. paperback a book with a cover made of thick paper Sá ch bìa mỏ ng
(n) /'peipəbæk/
53. period (n, a length of time; in school, a division of time Kỷ, thờ i kì, tiết họ c, chấ m hết
adj) /'piəriəd/ in the day when a subject is taught
54. priceless (adj) A priceless object has such a high value, Vô giá
/praislis/ especially because it is rare, that the price of
it cannot be calculated
55. recital (n) /ri'saitl/ a performance of music or poetry, usually Độ c tấ u, sự kể lạ i, ngâ m thơ
given by one person or a small group of
people
56. retrospective a show of the work an artist has done in their Hồ i tưở ng, nhìn về dĩ vã ng
(n,adj) life so far
/,retrə'spektiv/
57. score (n) /skɔ:r/ 20 or approximately 20; the number of Hai mươi, điểm số
points, goals, etc. achieved in a game or
competition
58. sketch (v, n) a simple, quickly-made drawing that does Phá c họ a, bứ c phá c họ a
/sket∫/ not have many details; to quickly make a
simple drawing
59. work of art (n phr) an object made by an artist of great skill, Tá c phẩ m nghệ thuậ t
/ˌwɜːk əv ˈɑːt/ especially a painting, drawing, or statue
60. worthless having no value in money Vô giá trị, vô dụ ng, khô ng ra gì
(adj) /'wɜ:θlis/
PHRASAL VERBS
state
13. (in) bad faith knowing that what you are Biết điều mình là m là
doing is wrong sai, ă n nă n
14. a bad apple one bad person who has a bad Ngườ i xấ u là m ả nh
effect on others in a group hưở ng tớ i ngườ i
khá c
15. bad blood feelings of hate between people Á c cả m
because of arguments in the
past
16. make the best of accept a bad or difficult Tậ n dụ ng cá i hay cá i
situation and do as well as you đẹp, chịu đự ng cá i gì
can
17. do your best Try your best Là m hết sứ c
best 18. (all) for the best used to say that although Điều xấ u xả y ra và
something appears bad or đén cuố i sẽ tố t hơn
unpleasant now, it will be good
in the end
19. at best used for saying what is the best Điều tố t nhấ t khi tình
opinion you can have of huố ng xấ u xả y ra
somebody/something, or the
best thing that can happen,
when the situation is bad
20. at your best to be as active or intelligent as Trở nên nă ng độ ng
you can be hoặ c nhanh trí nhấ t
có thể
21. to the best of my knowledge from what I know and Theo sự hểu biết củ a
understand from the bả n thân
information that I have
22. to the best of sb’s ability as well as you can Có thể là m
23. the best of both worlds a situation in which you can Tậ n hưở ng hai thứ
enjoy the advantages of two khá c nhau cù ng lú c
very different things at the
same time
24. best friend a friend who is good Bạ n tố t nhấ t
25. get better to improve Trở nên tố t hơn, cả i
thiện
26. get the better of sb to defeat someone in a Đá nh bại ai trong
competition trậ n đấ u
better 27. had better used to give advice or to make Tố t hơn hết
a threat
28. for the better If something changes for the Để tố t hơn
better, it improves
29. better than nothing having sth with bad quality is Có cò n hơn khô ng
worthier than having nothing
30. better luck next time used to encourage somebody Khuyến khích may
who has not been successful at mắ n lầ n sau
something
31. better off to have more money than you Già u có hơn trướ c
had in the past or more money
than most other people
32. better yet better Tố t hơn
33. better or (for) worse If you do something for better Chấ p nhậ n kết quả
or (for) worse, you accept the tố t hoặ c xấ u
bad results of the action as well
as the good ones
34. better half A person's better half is their Nử a cò n lại trong
husband, wife, or usual sexual mố i quan hệ
partner
35. come bottom in a basic way Cá ch cơ bả n nhấ t
36. get to the bottom of to discover the truth about a Phá t hiện ra sự thậ t
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situation
37. the bottom drops/falls out If the bottom drops out of the Ngừ ng mua cái gì
of market of a product, people
bottom stop buying it
38. at the bottom (of) at the bottom or top of a group Dướ i cù ng củ a cạnh
of competing things tranh
39. from the bottom of my very sincerely Thậ t lò ng
heart
40. bottom line the final line in the accounts of Lợ i ích, lợ i nhuậ n bị
a company or organization, mấ t
stating the total profit or loss
that has been made
41. give sth a (good) clean For something pure Cho mộ t cá i gì đó
trong sạ ch
42. make a clean breast of to tell the truth about Nó i sự thậ t về cá i gì
something
clean 43. a clean bill of health a decision by a doctor that Khỏ e mạ nh sau khi
someone is healthy khá m bá c sĩ
44. a clean slate/sheet a state in which you are Giấ y chứ ng nhậ n lí
starting an activity or process lịch trong sạ ch
again, not considering what
has happened in the past at all
45. clean sweep to clean something, especially a Quét sạ ch, vơ sạ ch
floor by using a brush to collect
the dirt into one place from
which it can be removed
46. make/get sth clear Make sth be clearer Là m choddieuef gì
đượ c hiểu rõ
47. make yourself clear Be clearer about yourself Là m cho bạ n rõ rà ng
48. (have) a clear conscience Good conscience Có lương tâ m trong
clear sá ng
49. clear in your mind (about) Clear in mind Rõ rà ng trong tâ m trí
củ a ai
50. clear as a bell very easy to hear Dễ nghe
51. clear as mud very difficult to understand Rấ t khó hiểu
52. clear case (of) Clear situation Trườ ng hợ p rõ rà ng
củ a
53. clear evidence/indication reasons for believing that Bằ ng chứ ng rõ rà ng
something is or is not true is
clear
54. do the dirty on to behave unfairly towards Hà nh xử khô ng tố t
someone, usually without their vớ i ai
knowledge
55. do sb’s dirty work to do something unpleasant or Là m điều gì khó
difficult for someone else who chịu/khó khă n cho
does not want to do it himself ngườ i khá c
dirty
or herself
56. get your hands dirty to do physical work Cô ng việc tay châ n
57. give sb a dirty look to look at somebody in a way Nhìn ai đó kiểu khó
that shows you are annoyed chịu
with them
58. dirty work an unpleasant or dishonest job, Cô ng việc bấ t lương,
esp. something that other cô ng việc khô ng dễ
people do not want to do chịu
59. dirty tricks dishonest activities intended to Trò gâ y hại cho đố i
harm someone you are thủ
competing against
60. cut it fine to allow very little time for Cho phép thờ i gian
fine something rấ t ít
61. fine by sb Be fined by Bị phạ t bở i
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1. a sight for sore eyes a way of saying that you are very ngườ i (vậ t) ưa nhìn, ngườ i (vậ t)
pleased to see someone or that you đem lại niềm vui
think someone is very attractive
2. Achilles’ heel a small problem or weakness in a Điểm dễ bị tổ n thương (gó t
person or system that can result in châ n A Sin)
failure
3. add fuel to the fire to make an argument or bad situation Thêm dầ u và o lử a
worse
4. below/under par Below the usual or expected standard Thấ p hơn giá trị mong đợ i
5. clean as a whistle extremely clean, completely honest or Cự c trong sạ ch, liêm khiết, hợ p
legal pháp, thà nh thật
6. draw the line (at) Say that you will definitely not allow or Khô ng bao giờ cho phép hoặ c
accept something chấ p nhậ n
7. last word in The newest and best type of sth Loạ i mớ i, tố t nhất
8. out of this world extremely good or impressive Cự c kì tố t, ấ n tượ ng
9. over the top More than what is considered Tớ i mứ c thổ i phô ng, quá đá ng
10. have/take pride of place to have the most important position in a Có vị trí quan trọ ng trong nhó m
group of things
11. steal the show to be the most popular or the best part Phầ n hay nhấ t, đượ c yêu thích
of an event or situation nhấ t
12. the edge over An advantage that makes someone or Ưu thế, là m cho ai/ cái gì đó
something more successful than other thà nh cô ng hơn ngườ i/ cá i gì
people or things. khá c
WORD FORMATION
50. foster (v) - to look after a child as part of your family for a - nuô i dưỡ ng, nuô i nấ ng
/ˈfɒstə(r)/ period of time because the child’s parents cannot
look after them
51. guardian (n) - someone who is legally responsible for another - ngườ i giá m hộ
/ˈɡɑː.di.ən/ person such as a child, whose parents have died
52. introvert (n) - someone who tends to concentrate on their - ngườ i hướ ng nộ i
/ˈɪn.trə.vɜːt/ own thoughts and feelings rather than
communicating with other people
53. partner (n) - someone that you do a particular activity with - cộ ng sự , đố i tá c, bạ n đồ ng hành
/ˈpɑːt.nər/ - someone that you live with and have a sexual - ngườ i bạ n đờ i
relationship with
54. peer (n) /pɪər/ - someone who is of the same age as another - ngườ i bằ ng tuổ i; ngườ i ngang hà ng
person
55. predecessor - the person who has a job or official position - ngườ i tiền nhiệm, ngườ i đả m nhiệm
(n) /ˈpriː.dɪˌses.ər/ before someone else trướ c, bậ c tiền bố i
56. sibling - your siblings are your brothers and sisters - anh chị em ruộ t
(n) /ˈsɪb.lɪŋ/
57. spouse (n) - a husband or wife - vợ /chồ ng
/spaʊs/
58. - someone’s stepmother/son/etc is their - mẹ kế/ con trai riêng…
stepmother/son/etc stepmother/son/etc because of a second
(n) /ˈstepˌmʌð.ər/ / marriage, not because of a biological connection
/sʌn/
59. successor - someone who has a position after someone else - ngườ i thừ a kế, ngườ i kế nghiệp,
(n) /səkˈses.ər/ ngườ i kế nhiệm
60. sympathise - to behave in a kind way and show that you - thô ng cả m, đồ ng tình
(v) /ˈsɪm.pə.θaɪz/ understand someone’s problems
PHRASAL VERBS
1. answer back - reply rudely to someone who has more - cã i lạ i
authority than you
2. ask out - invite someone to go with you to a cinema, - mờ i hẹn hò , rủ đi hẹn hò
restaurant, etc because you want to start a
romantic or sexual relationship with them
3. break up - if two people break up, they end their - chia tay
relationship; break something to make small - đậ p vụ n. đậ p nhỏ
pieces; if a meeting or other event breaks up, - sự giả i tá n (đá m đô ng)
or if you break it up, it ends and people leave
4. bring out - make someone or something show a quality - là m cho (mộ t phẩ m chấ t) đượ c thấ y
that they have; produce a new product and rõ ở ai đó
start to sell it - phá t hà nh, cô ng bố
5. bring together - create a situation in which people meet and - họ p lạ i, nhó m lạ i, gom lại
do something together, especially when they
would not usually do so
6. bump into - meet someone unexpectedly; accidentally hit - tình cờ gặ p ai đó
again something - tình cờ va/đụ ng và o ai đó
7. cancel out - stop something from having any effect - bà i trừ ; triệt tiêu
8. come between - cause a disagreement or argument between - gâ y ra bấ t đồ ng/ tranh cã i
people - can thiệp, xen và o
9. crowd around - move to a particular place at the same time as - đổ xô và o, vâ y quanh điều gì
a lot of other people
10. go together - if two or more things go together, they - hà i hò a, tương thích
frequently exist together; if two things go
together, they seem good, natural or attractive
in combination with each other
11. meet up - come together with someone, either - gặ p gỡ ai đó
unexpectedly or as planned
12. open up - talk more about your personal feelings and - cở i mở
experiences; open a locked door, container or - khai thô ng, mở cử a
building; make it easier to travel or do
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business in a country
13. pick on - keep treating someone badly or unfairly, - đố i xử tệ, khô ng cô ng bằ ng
especially by criticizing them
14. sound out - try to find out someone’s opinions, ideas, - thă m dò , kiểm tra xem ngườ i khá c
feelings, etc by talking to them nghĩ gì
15. take after - look or behave like an older relative - trô ng giố ng
16. take to - begin to like someone or something; start - bắ t đầ u thích ai đó hoặ c mộ t thứ gì
doing something as a habit đó
- bắ t đầ u thự c hiện mộ t thó i quen
IDIOMS
1. be born with a - to have a high social position and - sinh ra trong gia đình già u có và
silver spoon in your be rich from birth thà nh đạ t/ sinh ra đã ngậ m thìa và ng
mouth
2. be on the same - to think in a similar way and - hiểu nhau; đồ ng tình vì có chung
wavelength to understand each other well quan điểm hay sở thích/ cù ng tầng
số (hà m ý hiểu nhau)
3. get on like a house - If two people get on like a house on fire, they - có mố i quan hệ rấ t tố t vớ i ai đó ; là m
on fire like each other very much thâ n rấ t nhanh vớ i ai đó
and become friends very quickly
4. in sb’s bad/good - If you are in someone's good/bad books, they - mấ t lò ng/hà i lò ng ai đó
books are pleased/not pleased with you
5. like two peas in a -very similar, especially in appearance - trô ng giố ng nhau như đú c; có cù ng
pod mộ t ý kiến về nhiều vấ n đề
6. on good term - to have a good, friendly, relationship with - có mố i quan hệ tố t, thâ n thiết vớ i ai
(with) someone đó
7. put sth in - to clarify, appraise, or assess the true value, - là m sá ng tỏ , đá nh giá đú ng giá trị
perspective importance, or significance of something thự c và tầ m quan trọ ng củ a điều gì
8. sb is only human - used to say that someone should not - ai đó khô ng nên bị đổ lỗ i về nhữ ng
be blamed for what they have done gì họ đã là m/ cũ ng chỉ là con ngườ i
mà thô i
9. see eye to eye - If two people see eye to eye, they agree with - đồ ng ý vớ i ai
(with sb) each other
10. your flesh and - someone who is part of your family - ngườ i thân, má u mủ ruộ t thịt
blood
COLLOCATIONS
1. born to do - to be very suitable for a particular job, activity - phù hợ p vớ i mộ t cô ng
etc việc hay hoạ t độ ng nà o
đó
2. born on/in - If you are talking about the year, month or - born in: sinh ra (và o
season then it should be: Born in tháng, nă m hay mù a)
- If you are talking about day of the week or a - born on: sinh ra (và o
holiday then it should be Born on ngà y cuố i tuầ n hay ngà y
lễ)
3. born of - being a result of something else - kết quả củ a điều gì đó
4. born into - be born in a particular situation, type of family - sinh ra trong hoà n cả nh
etc cụ thể, kiểu gia đình…
Born 5. born and - born and having grown up in a particular place sinh ra là lớ n lên trong
bred and having the typical qualities of someone from mộ t nơi cụ thể vớ i mộ t
that place nền tả ng và giá o dụ c cụ
thể
6. born-again - someone who has become an evangelical - ngườ i theo đạ o Cơ đố c
Christian
7. newborn - newborn child/baby/son etc - mớ i sinh, sơ sinh; trẻ sơ
sinh
8. as a child - when one was a child - khi cò n nhỏ
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44. old friend - a person who has been one's friend for a long - bạn đã lâ u nă m
time
45. friend of - someone who knows the family well, often - ngườ i bạ n (ngườ i quen)
the family close or at least well acquainted with several or củ a gia đình
all members of the family
46. family - a person who has friendly relations with a - ngườ i có quan hệ thâ n
friend whole family thiết vớ i cả gia đình
47. circle of - A number of close friends who usually do - nhó m bạ n
friends things together as a group
48. friends - Having an amicable relationship with someone; - Có mố i quan hệ thân
with (being) a friend of someone thiện vớ i ai đó ; (là ) bạn
củ a ai đó .
49. the - people in society who are old/young - thế hệ già /thế hệ trẻ
older/younger
generation
50. generation a situation in which older and younger people do - khoả ng cá ch thế hệ
gap not understand each other because
of their different experiences, opinions, habits,
and behaviour
51. Generation - a way of referring to the group of people who - nhữ ng ngườ i sinh trong
X were born in the 1960s and 1970s nhữ ng nă m 1960 và
nhữ ng nă m 1970
52. future - Future generations refers to generations to - cá c thế hệ tương lai
generations come in the future, after the currently living
generations of humans
Human 53. human - is the potential and expressed capacity - hà nh vi con ngườ i
behavior (mentally, physically, and socially) of human
individuals or groups to respond to internal and
external stimuli throughout their life
54. human - human - loà i ngườ i, con ngườ i
being
55. human - the fact of making mistakes as a natural result - sai số do ngườ i; sai số
error of being human; mistakes of this kind chủ quan
79. mother - the first language that you learn when you are - tiếng mẹ đẻ
tongue a baby, rather than
a language learned at school or as an adult
National 80. in the - the interest of a nation as a whole held to be an - lợ i ích quố c gia
national independent entity separate from the interests
interest of subordinate areas or groups and also of other
nations or supranational groups
81. national - a country’s official song, played and/ or sung - quố c ca
anthem on public occasions
82. national - the clothes traditionally worn by people from a - trang phụ c dâ n tộ c,
costume/dress particular country, especially on special quố c phụ c
occasions or for formal ceremonies
83. national - the total amount of money that is owed by a - nợ quố c gia
debt country's government
84. national - a day when most people in a country do not - ngà y lễ quố c gia
holiday have to work
Native 85. go native - If a person who is in a foreign country goes - thích nghi; hò a nhậ p
native, they begin to live and/or dress like và o cộ ng đồ ng bả n xứ
the people who live there
86. native to - belonging originally to a particular place - có nguồ n gố c từ
87. a native of - someone who lives in a place all the time or has - ngườ i địa phương
lived there a long time
88. native - someone who - ngườ i bả n ngữ
speaker has spoken a particular language since they
were a baby, rather than having learned it as
a child or adult
89. non-native - someone who - khô ng phả i là ngườ i bả n
speaker has learned a particular language as ngữ
a child or adult rather than as a baby
90. native land - the country in which one was born - quê hương
91. native - a species that originated and developed in its - loà i bả n địa
species surrounding habitat and has adapted to living in
that particular environment
92. near to - almost doing something or almost in a - gầ n như (sắ p là m điều
Near (doing sth) particular state) gì đó )
93. the near - soon - sớ m; trong khoả ng thờ i
future gian ngắ n
94. from near - from a very wide area - khắ p nơi; rộ ng khắ p
and far
95. a near thing - if something you succeed in doing is - sá t nú t; suýt thua
a near thing, you manage to succeed but you
nearly failed;
96. the nearest - the thing you have that is most like a particular - gầ n giố ng nhấ t
thing to type of thing
97. your - your family, especially those that you live with - thà nh viên trong gia
nearest and or are very involved with đình
dearest
98. do sth in - to do something by going to - là m việc trự c tiếp
person a place or person rather than by
writing, telephoning, or sending someone else
Person 99. meet sb in - gặ p gỡ trự c tiếp
person
100. it’s (all) - used to say that something can be thought of in - chỉ là tương đố i
relative opposite ways depending on what one compares
it to
101. relative to - concerning, or in relation to - liên quan đến
102. close/near - a member of your family who has a - ngườ i thâ n
relative very close relationship to you, such as
a parent or sister
103. distant - họ hà ng xa
Relative relative
104. a relative - mộ t ngườ i thâ n củ a bạ n
of yours
105. relative - part of a sentence that - mệnh đề quan hệ/ đạ i
clause/pronou cannot exist independently and describes a noun từ quan hệ
n that comes before it in the main part of
the sentence/ a pronoun such as which, who,
or that, used to begin a relative clause
106. respect sb - a feeling of admiring someone or what they do, - ngưỡ ng mộ
for especially because of their personal qualities,
knowledge, or skills
107. respect sb - to have a feeling of deferential admiration, - ngưỡ ng mộ , quí trọ ng
as esteem, or appreciation for someone as a
particular kind of person
108. gain/lose - start to be respected/ no longer be respected - nhậ n đượ c sự tô n
sb’s respect by them) trọ ng/mấ t đi sự tô n
trọ ng từ ai
109. - be respected - đượ c tô n trọ ng
Respect command/dese
rve/ earn/win
respect
110. treat sb - đố i xử tô n trọ ng (ai đó )
with respect
111. with - about; concerning - về; đố i vớ i
respect to
112. in - in this/that matter - trong phạ m vi
this/that nà y/trong vấ n đề đó
respect
113. support - to say that you agree with an idea, group, or - hỗ trợ / giú p đỡ là m gì
doing sth person, and usually to help them because you
want them to succeed
114. support sb - hỗ trợ tà i chính cho ai
(financially) đó
115. support - hỗ trợ ý tưở ng
an idea
116. support a - hỗ trợ độ i nhó m
team
117. offer - đề nghị ủ ng hộ /giú p đỡ
Support support
118. in support - approval and encouragement for a person or - ủ ng hộ ; hỗ trợ
of group of people, or their ideas, plans etc
119. wedding - a celebration of a number of years since - lễ kỷ niêm ngà y cướ i
anniversary two people were married
120. wedding - bánh cướ i
cake
121. wedding - the social event at which the ceremony of - lễ cướ i, đá m cướ i
ceremony marriage is performed
122. wedding - a long dress, especially a white dress, worn at - á o cướ i
dress a traditional wedding
123. wedding - thiệp cướ i
invitation
Wedding
124. wedding - a ring, usually made of gold, worn to show that - nhẫ n cướ i
ring you are married
125. wedding - a present given to someone getting married - quà mừ ng cướ i
present
WORD FORMATION
126. appear /əˈpɪər/ (v) đến, xuấ t hiện, hiện ra
(v) hình như, có vẻ
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226. personality /ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti/ (n) nhâ n cá ch, tính cá ch; nhâ n phẩ m; nhâ n vậ t, ngườ i nổ i tiếng
(giớ i vă n nghệ; thể thao)
227. personnel /ˌpɜːsəˈnel/ (n) nhâ n viên, cô ng chứ c (cơ quan, nhà má y…)
(n)= human resources: phò ng nhâ n sự
228. interpersonal /ˌɪntəˈpɜːsənl/ (adj) giữ a cá nhâ n vớ i nhau
229. personalized /ˈpɜːsənəlaɪzd/ (adj) cá nhâ n hó a
230. personal /ˈpɜːsənl/ (adj) cá nhâ n; riêng
231. impersonal /ɪmˈpɜːsənl/ (adj) khô ng liên quan đến riêng ai; khá ch quan
232. personally /ˈpɜːsənəli/ (adv) đích thâ n; vớ i tư cá ch cá nhân
233. impersonally /ɪmˈpɜːsənəli/ (adv) khô ng nhằ m và o ai; bang quơ
234. race /reɪs/ (n) cuộ c đua,cuộ c chạ y đua
(n) dò ng giố ng, chủ ng tộ c (ngườ i)
235. racism /ˈreɪsɪzəm/ (n) phân biệt chủ ng tộ c
236. racist /ˈreɪsɪst/ (n) ngườ i phâ n biệt chủ ng tộ c; ngườ i theo chủ nghĩa phâ n biệt
chủ ng tộ c
237. interracial /ˌɪntəˈreɪʃl/ (adj) giữ a cá c chủ ng tộ c
238. racial /ˈreɪʃl/ (adj) đặ c trưng cho chủ ng tộ c; chủ ng tộ c
239. racially /ˈreɪʃəli/ (adv) đặ c trưng cho chủ ng tộ c; chủ ng tộ c
240. relate /rɪˈleɪt/ (v) liên hệ, liên kết; có quan hệ; có liên quan; kể lạ i, thuậ t lạ i
241. relation /rɪˈleɪʃn/ (n) sự liên lạ c; mố i quan hệ; mố i liên quan
242. relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ (n) mố i quan hệ; mố i liên hệ; mố i liên lạ c; tính họ hà ng
243. related /rɪˈleɪtɪd/ (adj) có liên quan; có quan hệ
245. unrelated /ˌʌnrɪˈleɪtɪd/ (adj) khô ng có liên quan; khô ng có quan hệ
246. relative /ˈrelətɪv/ (adj) có liên quan đến; tương đố i
(adj) (ngô n ngữ họ c) quan hệ, có liên quan đến (danh từ ,…)
247. relatively /ˈrelətɪvli/ (adv) tương đố i
248. self /self/ (n) bản thâ n; cá i tô i
249. selfishness /ˈselfɪʃnəs/ (n) tính ích kỷ
245. unselfishness /ʌnˈselfɪʃnəs/ (n) tính khô ng ích kỷ
246. selflessness /ˈselfləsnəs/ (n) tính khô ng ích kỷ; lò ng vị tha
247. selfish /ˈselfɪʃ/ (adj) ích kỷ; chỉ nghĩ đến lợ i ích bả n thân
248. selfishly /ˈselfɪʃli/ (adv) ích kỷ
249. unselfish /ʌnˈselfɪʃ/ (adj) khô ng ích kỷ; khô ng nghĩ đến lợ i ích bả n thâ n
250. unselfishly /ʌnˈselfɪʃli/ (adv) khô ng ích kỷ
251. selfless /ˈselfləs/ (adj) khô ng ích kỷ; vị tha
252. selflessly /ˈselfləsli/ (adv) khô ng ích kỷ; vị tha
253. separate /ˈseprət/ (v) rờ i ra, tá ch ra; riêng biệt
254. separation /ˌsepəˈreɪʃn/ (n) sự chia cắ t; sự ngăn cá ch; tình trạng chia cắt; sự ly thâ n
255. separable /ˈsepərəbl/ (adj) có thể tá ch rờ i đượ c; có thể phân ra
256. inseparable /ɪnˈseprəbl/ (adj) khô ng thể tá ch rờ i đượ c
257. separated /ˈsepəreɪtɪd/ (adj) ly thâ n
258. separately /ˈseprətli/ (adv) khô ng cù ng nhau, tá ch riêng ra
259. sympathy /ˈsɪmpəθi/ (n) sự thô ng cả m; sự đồ ng cả m; sự thấ u cả m; sự ủ ng hộ
260. sympathize /ˈsɪmpəθaɪz/ (v) có thiện cả m; đồ ng cả m; ủ ng hộ
261. sympathizer /ˈsɪmpəθaɪzə(r)/ (n) ngườ i đồ ng tình (vớ i ngườ i khá c)
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27. mundane (adj) - not interesting or exciting, especially because it - khô ng thú vị (vì quá bình thườ ng)
/mʌnˈdeɪn/ happens too regularly.
28. obsessed (adj) - considering someone or something as so - á m ả nh.
/əbˈsest/ important that you are always thinking about
them, in the way that seems extreme to other
people.
29. optional (adj) - that you can choose to do or have if you want to. - khô ng bắ t buộ c.
/ˈɑːpʃənl/
30. passion (n) /ˈpæʃn/ - a very strong feeling of love, hate, anger, - cả m xú c mạ nh mẽ, sự say mê.
enthusiasm, etc.
31. praise (v, n) - to express strong approval or admiration for - tán dương, ca ngợ i.
/preɪz/ someone or something, especially in public.
- an expression of strong approval or - sự tá n dương, sự ca ngợ i.
adminration.
32. resolve (v) /rɪ - to make a definite decision to do something. - quyết định.
ˈzɑːlv/
33. sacrifice (v, n) - to give up something that is important or - hy sinh.
/ˈsækrɪfaɪs/ valuable to you in order to get or do something
that seems more important for yourself or for
another person. - sự hy sinh.
- the fact of giving up something important or
valuable to you in order to get or do something
that seems more important; something that you
give up in this way.
34. strive (v) /straɪv/ - to try very hard to achieve something. - cố gắ ng, phấ n đấ u.
35. taste (n) - the ability to judge if something is good or bad in - khiếu thẩ m mỹ, sự tinh tế ý nhị.
/teɪst/ things like art, fashion and social behavior.
36. tempting (adj) - something that is attractive, and makes people - hấ p dẫ n, lô i cuố n.
/ˈtemptɪŋ/ want to have it, do it, etc
37. urge (v, n) /ɜːrdʒ/ - to advise or try hard to persuade somebody to - cố thuyết phụ c, nài nỉ.
do something. - sự thú c đẩ y mạ nh mẽ.
- a strong desire to do something.
38. welcome (v, adj) - to be pleased to receive or accept something. - vui mừ ng về cá i gì.
/ˈwelkəm/ - if you are welcome or a welcome visitor at a - đượ c đó n tiếp vớ i niềm vui thích.
place, people are pleased that you are there.
39. worthwhile (adj) - important, pleasant, interesting, etc.; worth - đá ng giá, quan trọ ng.
/ˌwɜːrθˈwaɪl/ spending time, money or effort on.
40. yearn (v) - to want something very much, especially when it - ao ướ c, mong mỏ i.
/jɜːrn/ is very difficult to get.
41. absorbing (adj) - interesting and fun and holding your attention - là m say sưa, hấ p dẫ n.
/əbˈzɔːrbɪŋ/ completely.
42. casual (adj) - relaxed and informal. - bình thườ ng, tự nhiên.
/ˈkæʒuəl/
43. exhilarating (adj) - very exciting and great fun - là m vui vẻ, là m hồ hở i.
/ɪɡˈzɪləreɪtɪŋ/
44. fatigue (n) - a feeling of being extremely tired, usually - sự mệt mỏ i, sự mệt nhọ c.
/fəˈtiːɡ/ because of hard work or exercise.
45. idle (adj) /ˈaɪdl/ - (of people) not working hard. - ă n khô ng ngồ i rồ i, lườ i nhá c.
SYNONYM: lazy
- (of people) without work. - khô ng có việc gì là m, thấ t nghiệp.
SYNONYM: unemployed
46. indulge (v) /ɪn - to allow yourself to have or do something that - thỏ a mã n.
ˈdʌldʒ/ you like, especially something that is considered
bad for you.
47. lifestyle (n) - the way in which a person or a group of people - lố i số ng, cá ch số ng.
/ˈlaɪfstaɪl/ lives and works.
48. leave (n) /liːv/ - a period of time when you are allowed to be - sự đượ c phép nghỉ.
away from work for a holiday or for a special
reason.
49. outing (n) /ˈaʊtɪŋ/ - a short journey that you take for enjoyment. - cuộ c đi chơi.
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50. pastime (n) - something that you enjoy doing in your free - trò tiêu khiển, trò giả i trí.
/ˈpæstaɪm/ time.
SYNONYM: hobby
51. pursue (v) /pər - (pursue sth) to do something or try to achieve - đeo đuổ i.
ˈsuː/ something over a period of time.
52. recreation (n) - things that you do to enjoy yourself. - sự tiêu khiển.
/ˌriːkriˈeɪʃn/
53. respite (n) - respite (from sth) a short break or escape from - sự nghỉ ngơi, sự giả i lao.
/ˈrespɪt/ something difficult or unpleasant.
54. sedentary (adj) - (of work, activities, etc.) in which you spend a - ngồ i nhiều (về cô ng việc).
/ˈsednteri/ lot of time sitting down.
55. socialise (v) - to spend time with other people socially. - hò a nhập xã hộ i.
/ˈsəʊʃəlaɪz/
56. solitude (n) - the state of being alone, especially when you - tình trạng ở mộ t mình, cuộ c số ng riêng
/ˈsɑːlətuːd/ find this pleasant. củ a cá nhâ n.
SYNONYM: privacy
57. tedious (adj) - lasting or taking too long and not interesting. - chá n ngắ t, tẻ nhạ t.
/ˈtiːdiəs/ SYNONYM: boring
58. trivial (adj) - not important or serious; not worth considering. - khô ng đá ng kể, ít quan trọ ng.
/ˈtrɪviəl/
59. unwind (v) /ˌʌn - to stop worrying or thinking about problems - thư giã n, nghỉ ngơi (sau mộ t thờ i gian
ˈwaɪnd/ and start to relax. lao độ ng căng thẳ ng).
60. venue (n) /ˈvenjuː/ - the place where an activity or event happens. - nơi gặ p gỡ .
PHRASAL VERBS
1. centre - if something centres around someone or something, - trung tâ m củ a sự chú ý.
around or you centre something around them, they are its
main subject of attention or interest.
2. get into - start enjoying something or become enthusiastic - quan tâ m hoặ c trở nên thích thú về cá i
about it. gì đó .
- if a train, plane, etc gets into a place; it arrives there - đi và o; đến (phương tiện)
- become involved in a bad situation. - bị cuố n và o mộ t tình huố ng xấ u.
COLLOCATIONS
1. make a choice - a decision to choose someone or something. - lự a chọ n, quyết định.
2. exercise choice - the opportunity or right to choose between - lự a chọ n giữ a nhiều cá i.
Choice different things.
3. have no choice - if you have no choice you have to do - khô ng cò n cá ch nà o khá c,
something. khô ng cò n sự lự a chọ n nà o khá c
ngoà i.
4. choice between - to choose one of (two choices). - lự a chọ n giữ a.
5. choice of - choice someone or something. - sự lự a chọ n cái gì đó
6. personal/ - the choice of individual. - sự lự a chọ n cá nhân.
parental/ - the choice of parents. - sự lự a chọ n củ a ba mẹ,
consumer choice - options among a range of products. - sự lự a chọ n củ a ngườ i tiêu
dù ng.
7. informed choice - a decision based on good information. - sự quyết định dự a trên sự hiểu
biết.
8. wide choice - a lot of thing to choose from - nhiều sự lự a chọ n.
9. obvious choice - someone or something that you would - sự lự a chọ n hiển nhiên.
expect everyone to choose.
10. choose from - choose from something. - lự a chọ n từ cái gì đó .
12. choose between - to choose one of two things (or people). - chọ n mộ t trong hai cá i.
13. choose sb/sth - to select someone to be something - chọ n ai/ cái gì để là m gì.
as
14. choose sb/st - to choose one thing from many things. - đượ c chọ n chỉ mộ t trong nhiều
out of thứ .
15. choose to do - to prefer or decide to do something. - lự a chọ n là m gì
Choose 16. pick and choose - to choose only those things that you like or - kén cá chọ n canh, kén chọ n.
want very much.
17. nothing/little to - there is very little difference between two or - có rấ t ít sự khá c nhau giữ a hai
choose between more things or people. hoặ c nhiều cái.
18. decide to do - decide to do something - quyết định là m gì.
19. decide against/ - to not choose someone or something. - khô ng chọ n ai hoặ c cái gì.
in favour of
20. decide that - decide something - quyết định rằ ng.
21. decide between - to make a choice from two choices. - quyết định chọ n giữ a.
Decide 22. decide for - make a choice yourself and not ask or allow - tự mình quyết định.
yourself someone else to do it for you.
23. decide on - to choose something from a number of - chọ n mộ t cái từ rấ t nhiều sự
possibilities lự a chọ n.
24. delight in doing - to get a lot of pleasure from something. - có nhiều niềm vui từ cá i gì đó .
25. take (great) - to enjoy something very much, especially - rấ t thích là m điều gì đó , nhấ t là
delight in doing something you should not do. nhữ ng việc khô ng nên là m.
Delight 26. to sb’s delight - causing someone to be very happy. - là m cho ai đó rấ t vui vẻ, hạ nh
phú c.
27. with/in delight - a feeling of extreme pleasure or satisfaction. - cả m giá c cự c kỳ vui vẻ và thỏ a
mã n.
28. eager to do - want to do something a lot. - rấ t ham là m việc gì đó .
29. eager for - want very much to get. - há o hứ c, mong muố n (có cá i
Eager gì).
30. only too eager - very keen to do something. - rấ t say mê là m gì đó .
to do
IDIOMS
1. at a loose end - with nothing in particular to do. - nhà n rỗ i, khô ng có việc gì là m.
2. couch potato - someone who spends a lot of time sitting at - ngườ i suố t ngà y xem tivi/ lườ i
home watching television. biếng
3. do sth on a whim - do because of a sudden feeling that you must - là m gì đó bố c đồ ng; là m việc gì đó
have or do something. mà khô ng suy nghĩ, khô ng có kết
hoạ ch.
4. have time on your - have more time available than you need. - có nhiều thờ i gian hơn cầ n thiết; có
hands nhiều thờ i gian rả nh rổ i.
5. let you hair down - relax and enjoy yourself because you are in a - thư giã n và nghỉ ngơi.
comfortable environment.
6. life and soul of the - someone who is very lively at social events. - linh hồ n củ a buổ i tiệc.
party
7. put your feet up - sit down and relax, especially with your feet - ngồ i xuố ng thư giã n.
raised off the ground.
8. recharge your - rest after being very busy, so that you will be - nghỉ ngơi lấ y lạ i sứ c.
batteries ready to start working again.
9. set your heart on - decide that you want something very much. - quyết định bạ n rấ t muố n gì.
10. variety is the spice - used for saying that different experiences and - nhữ ng trả i nghiệm và tình huố ng
of life situations make life enjoyable or interesting. khá c nhau là m cho cuộ c số ng trở nên
thú vị.
WORD FORMATION
1. available /ə'veiləbl/ (adj) có thể dù ng đượ c, có thể có đượ c.
(adj) rả nh (để có thể tiếp khá ch…).
2. availability /ə,veilə'biləti/ (n) khả nă ng có thể dù ng đượ c, khả năng có thể có đượ c.
(n) sự rả nh rỗ i.
3. unavailability /'ʌnəveilə'biliti/ (n) tính chất khô ng sẵ n sà ng để dù ng; tính chấ t khô ng dù ng đượ c.
(n) sự khô ng có giá trị (củ a vé xe...).
4. unavailable /'ʌnə'veiləbl/ (adj) khô ng sẵ n sà ng để dù ng; khô ng dù ng đượ c.
(adj) khô ng có giá trị (vé xe...).
5. choose /t∫u:z/ (v) (khô ng dù ng ở dạ ng bị độ ng) định; thích; muố n.
(v) chọ n.
6. chose /t∫əʊs/ (v) quá khứ đơn củ a choose.
7. chosen /'t∫əʊszn/ (v) quá khứ phâ n từ củ a choose.
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