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4, alternative (n, adj) - a thing that you can choose to do or have out of two or - thay thế
/ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/ more possibilities - khác
- different from the usual or conventional
5, amend (v) /əˈmend/ - to change a law, document, statement, etc. slightly in - sửa đổi
order to correct a mistake or to improve it
6, conservative (adj) - opposed to great or sudden social change; showing that - bảo thủ
/kənˈsɜːvətɪv/ you prefer traditional styles and values
7, convert (v, n) - to change to a new religion, belief, opinion, etc., or to - biến đổi tôn giáo
/kənˈvɜːt/ make someone do this - người cải đạo
-someone who changes their beliefs, habits, or way of
living
8, decay (v, n)/dɪˈkeɪ/ - to become gradually damaged, worse, or less; to cause - Suy tàn , đổ nát
something to do this - sự suy tàn, đổ nát, thối rữa
- the process or result of being destroyed by natural
causes or by not being cared for (= of decaying)
9, deteriorate (v) - to become worse - làm xấu đi,trở nên tệ hơn
/dɪˈtɪəriəreɪt/
10, distort (v) /dɪˈstɔːt/ - to change the shape of something so that it looks - bóp méo, xuyên tạc, vặn vẹo
strange or unnatural
11, dynamic (adj) - having a lot of energy and a strong personality - năng động
/daɪˈnæmɪk/
12, endure (v)/ɪnˈdjʊə(r)/ - to experience and deal with something that is painful - chịu đựng
or unpleasant without giving up
13, evolve (v) /ɪˈvɒlv/ - to develop gradually, especially from a simple to a - tiến hóa
more complicated form; to develop something in this
way
14, influence (v, n) - to affect or alter by indirect or intangible means - làm ảnh hưởng
/ˈɪnfluəns/ - the effect that somebody/something has on the way a - ảnh hưởng
person thinks or behaves or on the way that something
works or develops
15, innovation (n) - the introduction of new things, ideas or ways of doing - sự đổi mới
/ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/ something
16, innovative (adj) - introducing or using new ideas, ways of doing - đổi mới
/ˈɪnəveɪtɪv/ something, etc.
17, last (v) /lɑːst/ - to continue being good or suitable - bền, kéo dài
18, maintain (v) - to express firmly your belief that something is true - duy trì , giữ vững
/meɪnˈteɪn/
19, mature (v, adj) - to become more developed mentally and emotionally - trưởng thành
/məˈtʊr/ and behave in a responsible way - chín chắn, trưởng thành
- mentally and emotionally well-developed, and
therefore responsible
20, modify (v)/ˈmɒdɪfaɪ/ - to change something such as a plan, opinion, law, or - sửa đổi ( để dễ được chấp nhận)
way of behaviour slightly, usually to improve it or make
it more acceptable
21, novel (adj) /ˈnɒvl/ - new and not resembling something formerly known or - mới lạ
used
22, persist (v) /pəˈsɪst/ in - to continue to do something despite difficulties or - kiên trì
opposition, in a way that can seem unreasonable
23, potential (n, adj) - something that can develop or become actual - Tiềm năng
/pəˈtenʃl/ - that can be developed in the future - có tiềm năng
24, progress (v, n) - to develop to a higher, better, or more advanced stage - tiến triển
/ˈprəʊɡres/ - a forward or onward movement (as to an objective or - Sự tiến triển
to a goal); advance
25, radical (adj) /ˈrædɪkl/ - relating to the most basic and important parts of - căn nguyên, phần cơ bản nhất, quan
something; complete and detailed tọng nhất, hoàn toàn và chi tiết
26, refine (v) /rɪˈfaɪn/ - to make a substance pure by taking other substances - lọc
out of it
27, reform (v, n) /rɪˈfɔːm/ - change that is made to a social system, an - cải cách
organization, etc. in order to improve or correct it - sự cải cách
- an improvement, especially in a person's behaviour or
in the structure of something
28, remain (v) /rɪˈmeɪn/ - to continue to exist when other parts or other things no - sống sót, còn lại
longer exist
29, revise (v) /rɪˈvaɪz/ - to look at or consider again an idea, piece of writing, - xem lại, sửa lại, duyệt lại, ôn lại
etc. in order to correct or improve it
30, revolution (n) - an attempt, by a large number of people, to change the - Cuộc cách mạng
/ˌrevəˈluːʃn/ government of a country, especially by violent action
31, shift (v, n) /ʃɪft/ - to exchange for or replace by another - đổi chỗ, chuyển giao
- a period of time worked by a group of workers who - ca làm việc
start work as another group finishes
32, spoil (v) /spɔɪl/ - to allow a child to do or have everything that it wants - chiều hư/ làm cho hư hỏng
to, usually so that it expects to get everything it wants
and does not show respect to other people
33, status quo (n phr) - the situation as it is now, or as it was before a recent - hiện trạng
/ˌsteɪtəs ˈkwəʊ/ change
34, steady (v, adj)/ˈstedi/ - to make something stop shaking or moving - làm cho vững chắc
- happening in a smooth, gradual, and regular way, not - ổn định
suddenly or unexpectedly
35, substitute (v, n) - to use something or someone instead of another thing - thay thế
/ˈsʌbstɪtjuːt/ or person - người, vật thay thế
- a person or thing that you use or have instead of the
one you normally use or have
36, sustain (v)/səˈsteɪn/ - to provide enough of what somebody/something needs - tiếp sức, duy trì
in order to live or exist
- to cause or allow something to continue for a period of
time
37, switch (v, n) /swɪtʃ/ - to change or make something change from one thing to - chuyển
another - công tắc
- a device that controls an electric current and turns it on
or off
38, transform (v) - to change the form of something; to change in form - biến đổi
/trænsˈfɔːm/
39, trend (n) /trend/ - a general development or change in a situation or in - xu hướng
the way that people are behaving
40, uniform (adj) - the same; not changing or different in any way - đồng dạng, cùng kiểu, đồng phục
/ˈjuːnɪfɔːm/
41, breakthrough (n) - an important discovery or event that helps to improve a - đột phá
/ˈbreɪkθruː/ situation or provide an answer to a problem
Web: Gritcenter.edu.vn cho các bài thi Tiếng Anh
Destination C1,2 PAGE: GRIT- ENGLISH CENTER
42, broadband (adj, n) - capable of carrying sound, pictures and video that are - băng thông rộng
/ˈbrɔːdbænd/ sent at high speeds
- a way of connecting to the internet that allows you to
receive information, including pictures, etc., very
quickly and that is always active (so that the user does
not have to connect each time)
43, click (v) /klɪk/ - to make a short, sharp sound, or to make something do - kêu lẻng xẻng, tiếng click chuột…
this
44, complex (adj) - made of many different things or parts that are - phức tạp
/ˈkɒmpleks/ connected; difficult to understand (n) quần thể
45, consumer electronics - electronic devices such as televisions, computers and - điện tử dân dụng
(n phr) consumer smartphones bought by individual customers rather than
electronics by businesses
/kənˌsjuːmər ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪks/
46, craft (v, n) /krɑːft/ - to make objects, especially in a skilled way - làm thủ công ( bằng tay)
- an activity involving a special skill at making things - thủ công
with your hands
47, data (n) /ˈdeɪtə/ - facts or information, especially when examined and - dữ liệu
used to find out things or to make decisions
48, download (v, n) - to copy or move programs or information into a - tải xuống
computer's memory, especially from the internet or a - bản tải xuống
larger computer, or to be moved in this way
- a computer program or information that has been or
can be copied into a computer's memory
49, file (n) /faɪl/ - a collection of information stored together in a - tập tin
computer, under a particular name - cái giũa
- a thin, flat or rounded metal tool with rough surfaces
for rubbing wooden or metal objects to make them
smooth or to change their shape
50, (games) console ( n - a console game is a form of video game, consisting of - trò chơi điều khiển
phr) manipulable images (and usually sounds) generated by a
/kənˈsəʊl/ video game console and displayed on a television or
similar audio-video system
51, manual ( adj, n) - involving using the hands or physical strength - làm bằng tay
/ˈmænjuəl/ - a book that gives you practical instructions on how to - cẩm nang
do something or how to use something, such as a
machine
52, network (v, n) - to connect computers together so that they can share - nối mạng
/ˈnetwɜːk/ information - mạng lưới
- a group formed from parts that are connected together
52, nuclear (adj) - using, producing or resulting from nuclear energy - (thuộc) hạt nhân
/ˈnuːkliər/
54, offline (adj, adv) - using a computer, but not connected to the Internet - ngoại tuyến
/ˌɔːfˈlaɪn/ - not directly controlled by or connected to a computer
or to the internet
55, online (adj, adv) - on the internet - trực tuyến
/ˌɒnˈlaɪn/ - available on or done using the internet or other
computer network
56, primitive ( adj) - belonging to a simple way of life that existed in the - nguyên thủy
/ˈprɪmətɪv/ past and does not have modern industries and machines
57, programmer (n) - a person whose job is writing computer programs - lập trình viên
/ˈprəʊɡræmə(r)/
58, resource (n) - something that gives help, support etc when needed; a - nguồn
/rɪˈsɔːs/ supply; a means
59, technique (n) - a particular way of doing something, especially one in - kỹ thuật,
/tekˈniːk/ which you have to learn special skills
60, upload (v) /ˌʌpˈləʊd/ - to transfer programs or data from a smaller computer - tải lên
4. change your tune - to start saying something different about a - đổi ý kiến, thái độ hoặc hành động
subject or situation, or to start behaving in a về điều gì đó cụ thể
different way
5. a change of heart - if you have a change of heart, you change your - sự thay đổi trong quan điểm và cảm
opinion or feelings about something. xúc trước một vấn đề.
6. know sth inside out - to know everything about something - biết ngọn ngành, hiểu tường tận về
vấn đề gì đó
7. reinvent the wheel - waste time creating something that already exists - lãng phí thời gian để tạo ra cái gì đã
and works well tồn tại trước đó.
8. stick to your guns - to continue to have your beliefs or continue with - giữ vững quan điểm, kiên định lập
a plan of action, even if other people disagree with trường sự thay đổi trong quan điểm
you và cảm xúc trước một vấn đề.
9. a tool of the trade - the skills and equipment that you need in order to - những công cụ, kỹ năng cho một
do your job công việc cụ thể.
10. turn over a new leaf - to start behaving in a better way - thay đổi hành vi theo chiều hướng
tốt lên, tích cực hơn
COLLOCATIONS
1.(have/gain/provide) access to - get permission to go to a place - được quyền xâm nhập vào,
tiếp cận vào
Access 2. internet access - access to the internet for a computer or other -truy cập Internet
device
3. wheelchair access - a method by which someone can enter or leave - lối đi dành riêng cho xe lăn
a place in a wheelchair
4. break a habit - to stop doing something that is a habit, - loại bỏ thói quen xấu
especially something bad or harmful
5. break with tradition - To do something in a new, different, or unique - phá vỡ truyền thống
way.
Break 6. make the break (from) - To run away from someone or stop doing - chấm dứt (quan hệ, công
something) việc...)
7. take, have, need a break - to stop doing something for a short period of - nghỉ một lát, nghỉ giải lao
time : to rest
8. a welcome break from - a pleasant surprise - được mong đợi, chào mừng,
1 điều gây ngạc nhiên
9. lunch/tea/coffee break - a short pause from work in the middle of the - nghỉ ngữa giờ làm việc để ăn
morning or afternoon for a drink, a rest etc uống nhẹ, bữa trà chiều
10. change from sth to - to change or be different according to the - chyển từ cái gì sang cái khác
person, situation, time etc involved
11.change sth into - to stop being in one state, condition, or form - trở thành, biến đổi thành
and start being in another, or to make something
do this
12. change sth for - transform one thing into another / make a - đổi cái gì sang cái gì khác/
difference to someone đổi cái gì cho ai đó
13. change for the better/worse - an improvement in situation or state of affairs -thay đổi tiến bộ lên
Change over what was - thay đổi tệ đi, lạc hậu đi
- a worsening of a situation or state of affairs
from what was
14. change your mind - to change your decision, plan, or opinion about - đổi ý
something
15. change the subject - to start talking about something different - đổi chủ đề, đánh trống lảng
16. make a change - used for saying that something is different from - thay đổi, sửa đổi tốt hơn
and better than usual bình thường
17. undergo a change - to go through a change - trải qua sự thay đổi
18. set a clock - to change the change your mind time on a clock - ấn định thời gian, (cài đặt
to a later time trong đồng hồ)
19. watch the clock - to keep looking at the time on a clock or a - nhìn thời gian trôi
watch because you are bored or you want
something to end
20. against the clock - If you do something against the clock, you do it - chạy đua với thời gian
Clock as fast as possible and try to finish it before a
certain time
22. around the clock - all day and all night without stopping - làm việc gì đó cả ngày
không ngừng nghỉ
23. clockwise - (moving around) in the same direction as the - theo chiều kim đồng hồ.
pointers of a clock or watch
24. clockwork - a system of springs and wheels that you wind - bộ máy đồng hồ
(= turn) with a key or handle to make some - đều đặn, máy móc như một
clocks, toys, and other devices operate cái máy; như bộ máy đồng hồ
- Something that is like clockwork runs easily,
automatically, and always in the same way
25. date from - to have been made in or to have come into - xuất hiện, ra đời từ một thời
being in (a certain time in the past) điểm cụ thể
26. date back to - to have existed for a particular length of time or - đã có, tồn tại từ (xưa, lâu)
Date since a particular time
27. keep (sth) up to date - To ensure something is the most current - cập nhật cái gì đó phiên bản
version available. (Often used in reference to mới nhất
technology.)
28. set/fix a date - to agree on a date (a time and place for a - đặt ngày hẹn
meeting) - sửa ngày hẹn
- to decide on a particular time etc when
something will happen
29. go on / make a date (with - to arrange to meet someone on a particular day - hẹn hò
sb)
30. at a later/future date - at some time in the future - vào một ngày nào đó trong
tương lai
31. to date - up to now - cho tới nay
32. demand sth from sb - to insist that someone do, provide, or relinquish - yêu cầu một cái gì đó từ một
something. ai đó
33. meet/satisfy a demand - to do something that someone wants, needs, or - đáp ứng nhu cầu
expects you to do or be as good as they need,
expect etc
Demand 34. make demand - If someone or something makes demands on - đòi hỏi, yêu sách
you, they require you to do things which need a
lot of time, energy, or money
35. the demand for - in need of - yêu cầu, nhu cầu về …
36. in demand - to be wanted by a lot of people - được ưa chuộng
37. on demand - at any time that someone wants or needs - theo yêu cầu.
something
- involved in or relating to providing services
when a customer wants or asks for them
38. have/lack the energy to do - not having enough energy to do - có/ không còn đủ năng
lượng để làm gì
39. put/throw your energy into - to start doing an activity with a lot of effort and - dành sức vào việc gì
energy
40. nuclear energy - energy released by reactions within atomic - năng lượng hạt nhân
nuclei, as in nuclear fission or fusion.
Energy 50. source of energy - A source of usable energy that may be collected - nguồn năng lượng
or recovered directly or through a conversion or
transformation process (e.g. solid fuels, liquid
fuels, solar energy, biomass, etc.)
51. energy needs - the amount of food energy needed to balance - nhu cầu năng lượng
energy expenditure in order to maintain body
size, body composition and a level of necessary
and desirable physical activity consistent with
long-term good health
52. energy crisis - a lack of energy or a break in the supply of - khủng hoảng năng lượng
energy
53. form an impression of - to use available information to develop or reach - nhận định, hình thành một
an opinion or idea ấn tượng về
54. take/assume the form of - assume sth/sb has the shape of sb/st else - được cho là, giả định là hình
thức, giả dạng hình dạng của
Form người/vật nào đó
55. fill in/out a form - to give written information, esp. by completing - điền vào một biểu mẫu
a form
- to fill in the form is to supply information as
required and to fill out the form is to complete it
56. in the form of - having the shape, character, style etc of - dưới hình thức
57. in good/bad form - if you say that someone is in good form, you - sung sức; vui vẻ
mean that they seem healthy and cheerful
- It is in a bad form if the behaviors or actions - cư xử không đúng
that are considered socially inappropriate,
distasteful, or rude
58. application form - a form to be filled in when applying for job, - mẫu đăng ký; mẫu đơn xin
grant etc việc
59. good (for sb) to do - should do something to bring good things - điều nên làm
60. a good deal - a lot - nhiều, một thoả thuận tốt
- a good agreement
61. a good many/few - a fairly large number of things or people - nhiều
Good 62. good of sb to do - judging someone's behaviour good - đánh giá tốt hành vi của ai
đó
63. for sb's own good - being or done for the benefit of oneself - vì lợi ích của chính ai đó
64. no good - morally bad - không đàng hoàng, tử tế
65. it's no good doing - used to say that an action will not achieve what - chẳng có ích lợi gì, vô ích
it is intended to achieve
66. know (sth) about - to be knowledgeable about, familiar with, or - biết, hiểu rõ về gì đó
skilled at something
67. know sb/sth to be/do - if something or someone is known to be or do - biết điều gì xảy ra
something, people know that it is true or - biết ai đó làm gì
happens, or that someone is or does something - biết ai đó là ai
68. know better - to know or understand more than other people - biết rõ hơn
Know - to be smart or sensible enough not to do
something - làm gì tốt hơn
69. get/come to know - to start to be familiar with someone or - làm quen
something
70. let sb know - to tell someone something - cho ai biết điều gì đó
71. in the know - if you are in the know about something, - am tường, biết rõ
especially something that is not known about or
understood by many people, you have
information about it
72. know-how - knowledge, practical ability, or skill to do - bí quyết
something
73. lead sb into - to guide or direct someone or something into - dẫn vào cái gì hoặc nơi nào
something or some place. In this usage, a noun or đó
77. lead to/down/through - to begin a process that causes something to - dẫn đến
happen - dẫn dắt, đánh lừa
- to deceive (someone) - đi ngang qua, vượt qua
- go through, pass through
78. take/hold the lead - to be in the winning position in a race or - giữ vị trí dẫn đầu
competition
79. follow sb's lead - to do the same thing that someone else has - làm theo ai đó
done
in the lead - in a position that is ahead of others - dẫn đầu
- leading or ahead in a competition - dẫn trước
80. link to - to have a connection with someone or - liên kết với
something
Link 81. link sth/sb to/with - to create or establish a connection between one - liên hệ, liên kết với
person or thing and someone or something else.
In this usage, a noun or pronoun is used between
"link" and "with."
82. click on/follow a link - if you click on a link, it takes you to a website, - nhấp chuột vào một đường
social media post, video, etc. on the internet dẫn liên kết
83. (find/prove/establish) a link - to find or establish a relationship between two - tìm ra, thiết lập mối liên hệ
between things or situations
84. change/swap places with - to take someone’s position while they take - đổi chỗ
yours
85. take the place of - to replace (someone or something) - thay thế vị trí
86. take sb's place - If one thing or person takes the place of another - thế chân, thế chỗ
or takes another's place, they replace the other
thing or person
Place 87. put sth in(to) place - to implement (a new policy), to establish - áp dụng, thiết lập, đưa ra
điều gì đó
88. in place of - instead of someone or something else - thay vì
89. out of place - if someone feels out of place or is out of place, - lạc lõng
they feel uncomfortable in a particular situation - không đúng chỗ
or place, or they do not belong there
- not in the correct place
90. place of work - the area where you work/have your business/ - chỗ làm việc
live
91. no place for - used to say that someone or something does not - không phải chỗ cho người/
belong in a particular place, situation, etc vật nào đó
92. the process of - a series of actions that you take in order to - tiến trình, quy trình
achieve a result .
Process 93. in the process of doing - If you are in the process of doing something, - đang thực hiện một nhiệm
you have started to do it and are still doing it. vụ nào đó
94. peace process - a series of discussions to try to find a peaceful - tiến trình hoà bình
solution to a war or to political violence
95. a process of elimination the act of considering and rejecting each possible - quá trình loại trừ
choice until only one is left
96 serve a purpose - To fit or satisfy the necessary requirements; to - có ích, phục vụ cho mục
be useful for or fit to achieve some aim, goal, or đích
purpose
Purpose
97. the purpose of doing - When you do something with purpose, you do - mục đích của việc làm gì
it with determination. When your activities have
a purpose, you have an aim or intention in mind
98. sb's purpose in doing - a person's motivation for accomplishing - mục tiêu, mục đích của ai đó
anything khi làm việc làm gì
99. a sense of purpose - the quality of having a definite purpose - mục đích
100. on purpose - if you do something on purpose, you do it - cố ý
intentionally
101. escape from reality - a defensive reaction involving the use of - trốn tránh thực tại
fantasy as a means of avoiding conflicts and
problems of daily living
102. face (up to) reality - to deal directly with (something unwanted or - đối diện với thực tế
Reality unpleasant) in the actual world
103. become a reality - You say that something has become a reality - trở thành hiện thực
when it actually exists or is actually happening
104. in reality - used for saying that the true situation is - trên thực tế
different from what has been said or thought
105. virtual reality - the use of computer technology to create a - thực tế ảo
simulated environment
106. reality TV - television programmes about ordinary people - truyền hình thực tế
who are filmed in real situations, rather than
actors
107. a tool for (doing) - a device for accomplishing a task - một công cụ để làm việc gì
đó
108. a tool of - something you need to use to do your job - một công cụ
109. toolbar - on a computer screen, a row of icons (= small - thanh công cụ
Tool pictures that you choose in order to make the
computer do something)
110. tool kit - a set of tools that are used for making or - bộ dụng cụ
repairing something
111. tool box - a container in which you keep and carry small - hộp đồ nghề
tools, especially those used in the house or for
repairing a car
112. use sth for (doing) - to put something to use for a certain purpose - dùng cái gì để làm gì
113. use sth to do - to make use of something for a certain purpose - dùng cái gì để làm gì
114. use sth as - to make use of a thing's function as if it were a - dùng cái gì đó như là
thing
Use 115. use sth properly - if something is used properly , it is used in a - dùng đúng cách
correct and satisfactory way
116. have many uses - be useful in many situations or ways - có nhiều công dụng, lợi ích
117. in use - being used - được sử dụng
118. of (no) use - to be useless - không có ích lợi gì
119. it's/there's no use doing - the thing someone tries cannot be or was not - làm gì đó vô ích
successful
120. what's the use of doing? - what reason is there (to do something); why - có ích gi?; có tác dụng gì?;
should I bother (doing something)? tại sao phải làm (việc gì đó)
121. surf the Web - To navigate through the World Wide Web or - lướt mạng
126. webmaster - someone whose job is to manage a website - người quản trị web(trang
mạng)
127. weblog (blog) - A website that allows users to reflect, share - nhật ký trực tuyến
opinions, and discuss various topics in the form
of an online journal while readers may comment
on posts
128. take the wheel - To take or assume control (of something) - Kiểm soát/quản lý cái gì
- start to drive a car, replacing somebody else - cầm lái
129. at/behind the wheel - by extension, in charge; acting the leader (of - phụ trách, lãnh đạo
something) - lái (phương tiện giao thông)
- driving a vehicle (and thus literally sitting
Wheel behind the steering wheel)
130. on wheels - Literally, on or via a vehicle with wheels, such - di chuyển trên phương tiện
as an automobile, bicycle, or motorcycle có bánh xe
- Very smoothly; without difficulty, problems, or - trơn tru, trôi chảy
hindrances
131. wheel of fortune - used for referring to the fact that situations can -vòng quay may mắn/ bánh xe
change very quickly from good to bad or from số phận; sự may mắn, bước
bad to good ngoặt cuộc đời.
WORD FORM
132. adapt /əˈdæpt/ (v) sửa lại cho hợp
(v) thích nghi với
133. adaptation /ˌædæpˈteɪʃn/ (n) sự thích nghi
134. adaptor /əˈdæptə(r)/ (n) thiết bị tiếp hợp
(n) người phóng tác, người cải biên
135. adaptable /ə'dæptəbl/ (adj) có thể thích nghi
136. adjust /ə'dʒʌst/ (v) sửa lại cho đúng, hiệu chỉnh
137. readjust /ri:ə'dʒʌst/ (v) thích nghi lại, điều chỉnh lại
138. adjustment /ə'dʒʌstmənt/ (n) sự hiệu chỉnh, sự điều chỉnh
139. adjustable /ə'dʒʌstəbl/ (adj) có thể hiệu chỉnh, có thể điều chỉnh
140. alter /'ɔ:ltər/ (v) thay đổi, đổi
141. alteration /,ɔ:ltə'rei∫n/ (n) sự thay đổi; điều thay đổi
142. unalterable /ʌn'ɔ:ltərəbl/ (adj) không thể thay đổi được, không thể sửa đổi
được
143. unaltered /'ʌn'ɔ:ltəd/ (adj) còn nguyên, không thay đổi