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UNIVERSITY OF CAPE TOWN

PHY1012F - CLASS TEST 02
Tuesday 01 June 2021

Time: 85 minutes Total marks: 42

Full marks: 42
Paper set by: Mr D Geduld

INSTRUCTIONS:

1. Complete your details at the top of the page.

2. Answer all questions in the spaces provided on the question paper neatly and legibly.
3. Use blank sheets on question paper for all calculations and or rough work.

4. A list of constants and formulae is available on the last two pages.

5. Prescribed calculators are allowed.

6. Use a pen to complete your answers.

7. Hand in your question paper at the end of the test.

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Question 1

a) You are standing perfectly still and then take a step forward. Before the step, your
momentum was zero, but afterward you have some momentum. Is the principle of
conservation of momentum violated in this case? Explain. [3]

b) An estimated force–time curve for a baseball struck by a bat is shown.

i. Determine the magnitude of the impulse delivered to the ball. [2]

ii. Determine the magnitude of the average force exerted on the ball. [1]

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Question 1…continued

c) A force platform is a tool used to analyze the performance of athletes by measuring the
vertical force the athlete exerts on the ground as a function of time. Starting from rest, a
65.0 kg athlete jumps down onto the platform from a height of 0.600 m. While she is in
contact with the platform during the time interval 0 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 0.800 s, the force she
exerts on it is described by the function

𝐹 (𝑡) = 9200𝑡 − 11500𝑡 2

Where 𝐹 is in newtons and 𝑡 is in seconds.

With what speed does she leave the platform? [4]

PHY1012F Class Test 02 2021-drg

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Question 2

a) An 6.0 kg crate is pulled 5.0 m up a 30° incline by a rope angled 18° above the incline. The
tension in the rope is 120 N, and the crate’s coefficient of kinetic friction (𝜇𝑘 ) on the incline
is 0.27.

i. How much work is done

by the rope? [1]

30°

ii. How much work is done by gravity? [1]

iii. How much work is done by the normal force? [1]

iv. What is the increase in thermal energy of the crate and the incline? [3]

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Question 2…continued

b) A 75 kg acrobat supported by a 5.8 m rope swings along a circular path from rest at position
A as shown. The rope hangs from the end of a uniform rigid beam of mass 49 kg. Find the
tension in the beam support cable as the acrobat passes the lowest point, position B. [5]

A
A
5.8 m

5.8 m

BB

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Question 3

a) A hoop of mass 8.7 g, with inner radius 𝑟1 = 8.00 cm and outer radius 𝑟2 = 8.50 cm rolls on
a horizontal surface at 15 m/s and then rolls up a 35° incline. If friction losses are negligible,
at what height above the horizontal surface will the hoop stop before rolling back down?
[3]

b) A 3.5 kg object is suspended by a string and moves in a horizontal circle of radius 0.60 m.
The tension in the string is 36 N. What is the period of revolution of the object? [3]

𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐢𝐧𝐠

𝟑. 𝟓 𝐤𝐠

𝒓 = 𝟎. 𝟔𝟎 𝐦

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Question 3…continued

c) A small sphere of radius 𝑟0 = 1.5 cm rolls without slipping on the track shown whose radius
is 𝑅0 = 26.0 cm. The sphere starts rolling at a height 𝑅0 above the bottom of the track. At
what distance D from the base of the track will the sphere hit the ground? [6]

[The thickness of the track itself may be ignored]

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Question 4

a) The figure shows a tank filled with water. Five horizontal surfaces, top and bottom are
indicated, a, b, c, d and e. All these surfaces have the same area and are located at distances
L, 2L and 3L below the top of the tank. Rank in order, greatest to smallest, the magnitude of
the forces on these surfaces due to the water. [3]

b) A solid plastic ball, radius 2.61 cm, is held in place by a piece of string fixed to the bottom of
a container filled with water. The density of the plastic ball is 840 kg/m3

i. What is the tension in the string? [3]

ii. Suppose that the container is accelerated upwards at 𝑎 = 0.250𝑔 m/s2 .

What is the tension in the string now? [3]

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Physical constants and useful formulae

Speed of light c 3.00 × 108 𝑚/𝑠
Acceleration due to gravity (Earth) g 9.80 𝑚/𝑠 2
Density of water 𝝆𝒘 1000 kg/m3

𝒅 𝒏 𝒙𝒏+𝟏
𝒙 = 𝒏𝒙𝒏−𝟏 ∫ 𝒙𝒏 𝒅𝒙 = +𝒄
𝒅𝒙 𝒏+𝟏
𝒙𝒇
𝒙
𝒏
𝒙𝒏+𝟏 𝒇 𝒙𝒏+𝟏
𝒇 𝒙𝒏+𝟏
𝒊
∫(𝒇(𝒙) + 𝒈(𝒙))𝒅𝒙 = ∫ 𝒇(𝒙)𝒅𝒙 + ∫ 𝒈(𝒙)𝒅𝒙 ∫ 𝒙 𝒅𝒙 = ] =[ ]−[ ]
𝒏+𝟏 𝒙 𝒏+𝟏 𝒏+𝟏
𝒙𝒊 𝒊

𝟏
𝒙(𝒕) = 𝒙𝒐 + 𝒗𝒐𝒙 𝒕 + 𝒂𝒙 𝒕𝟐 𝒗𝒙 (𝒕) = 𝒗𝒐𝒙 + 𝒂𝒙 𝒕
𝟐
𝟏
𝒚(𝒕) = 𝒚𝒐 + 𝒗𝒐𝒚 𝒕 + 𝒂𝒚 𝒕𝟐 𝒗𝒚 (𝒕) = 𝒗𝒐𝒚 + 𝒂𝒚 𝒕
𝟐

⃑ 𝒏𝒆𝒕 = 𝑚𝒂
𝑭 ⃑ 𝒇𝒔 (𝒎𝒂𝒙) = 𝝁𝒔 𝑵 𝒇𝒌 = 𝝁𝒌 𝑵

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𝒅𝜽 𝒅𝝎 𝟐𝝅𝒓 𝟐𝝅
𝝎= 𝜶= 𝒔 = 𝒓𝜽 𝑻= =
𝒅𝒕 𝒅𝒕 𝒗 𝝎
𝒗𝟐
𝒗𝒕 = 𝝎𝒓 𝒂𝒓 = = 𝝎𝟐 𝒓 𝒂𝒕 = 𝜶𝒓
𝒓

𝟏
𝜽𝒇 = 𝜽𝒊 + 𝝎𝒊 ∆𝒕 + 𝜶(∆𝒕)𝟐
𝟐

𝝎𝒇 = 𝝎𝒊 + 𝜶∆𝒕

𝝎𝟐𝒇 = 𝝎𝟐𝒊 + 𝟐𝜶∆𝜽

⃑
𝒅𝒑
⃑𝒇=𝒑
𝒑 ⃑𝒊 ⃑ =
𝑭
𝒅𝒕
𝒕𝒇
⃑ =𝑱
∆𝒑 𝑱 = ∫ ⃑𝑭 (𝒕)𝒅𝒕
𝒕𝒊

𝒔𝒇
⃑ 𝒔 𝒅𝒔
𝑾=∫ 𝑭 ⃑ ∙ ∆𝒔
𝑾=𝑭 ⃑ = 𝑭∆𝒔 𝒄𝒐𝒔 𝜽
𝒔𝒊

𝟏 𝒅𝑼
𝑼𝒔𝒑 = 𝒌(∆𝒔)𝟐 𝑭𝒔 = −
𝟐 𝒅𝒔

∆𝑬𝒔𝒚𝒔 = ∆𝑲 + ∆𝑼 + ∆𝑬𝒕𝒉 = 𝑾𝒆𝒙𝒕 𝑾𝑵𝑪 = ∆𝑲 + ∆𝑼

𝑲𝒊 + 𝑼𝒊 + 𝑾𝒆𝒙𝒕 = 𝑲𝒇 + 𝑼𝒇 + ∆𝑬𝒕𝒉

⃑ =𝒓
𝝉 ⃑
⃑ ×𝑭 𝝉 = 𝒓𝑭 𝒔𝒊𝒏 𝝓 = 𝒓𝑭𝒕 = 𝒅𝑭

𝝉𝒏𝒆𝒕 = 𝑰𝜶 𝑰 = ∑ 𝒎𝒊 𝒓𝟐𝒊 = ∫ 𝒓𝟐 𝒅𝒎
𝒊

⃑
𝒅𝑳
⃑𝑳 = 𝒓
⃑ ×𝒑
⃑ ⃑𝑳 = 𝑰𝝎
⃑⃑⃑ ⃑ 𝒏𝒆𝒕 =
𝝉
𝒅𝒕

𝟏 𝟐
𝑬(𝒑𝒖𝒓𝒆 𝒓𝒐𝒕𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏) = 𝑲𝒓𝒐𝒕 + 𝑼𝑮 = 𝑰𝝎 + 𝑴𝒈𝒚𝒄𝒎
𝟐

𝟏 𝟐 𝟏
𝑬(𝒓𝒐𝒍𝒍𝒊𝒏𝒈) = 𝑲𝒓𝒐𝒕 + 𝑲𝒄𝒎 + 𝑼𝑮 = 𝑰𝝎 + 𝑴𝒗𝟐𝒄𝒎 + 𝑴𝒈𝒚𝒄𝒎
𝟐 𝟐

𝑭
𝒑= 𝒑 = 𝒑𝟎 + 𝝆𝒈𝒉 𝑭𝑩 = 𝝆𝒇 𝑽𝒇 𝒈
𝑨

PHY1012F Class Test 02 2021-drg