EAF

Prepared by Dr. Eric Alcuezar Fernandez Submitted to Mr. Fouad Hussain Alawi
Senior English Instructor II English Head Instructor
Learning Targets
• Identify and read short vowel sounds
• Identify and read long vowel patterns with a and e
• Identify and read long vowel patterns with i and o
• Identify and read long vowel patterns with u
 Lesson A
Identify and Read Short
Vowel Sounds
Short a
The following words have short a sound.

absorb burnt gas cooling fan crankshaft fasteners

fuel tank matchmarks manifold packing shaft (axle)

Practice Drills
Practice the following words with short a sound.

at bad bat brat chat cad cat clad dad fat

had hat mad mat pad pat rat sad that tag

am can clap gap ham jam nap pan plan ran

slam swam than tan tap trap van vat yam zap

ax back black brass cab cast class fast grab hack

ham hand jack lack pack rack sand shack stand strand
Sentences with short a sound.
1. Burnt gas comes out from the pipe.
2. Fasteners are important in technical jobs.
3. This shaft is damaged.
4. The man is mad.
5. It is a cat.
6. Did you see my hat?
7. He used the pan.
8. Buy a new mat.
9. I have Google map.
Short e
The following words have short e sound.

choke lever cleaning solvent cylinder head engine computer injector

nest net pen send ten

Exercise
Practice the following words with short e sound.

bed beg bet bled den dent fed get jet hen

let men met net pet set shed shred Ted wet

bell bend bent blend cent deck dell dwell end fell

hell hem jell lend lent red rent sell shell tent

belt best check chest felt fleck left melt mess nest

pest quest rest smell smelt spell test vest west zest
Sentences with short e sound.
1. There are ten men.
2. There is a nest on the tree.
3. I need a fish net.
4. The lions live in a den.
5. Ali has a black pen.
6. Send the message.
7. Can you bend it?
8. The hen lays eggs.
9. The bell rings.
Short i
The following words have short i sound.

activity chips difficult dirt fill up

hidden inside spill out shift signal

Exercise
Practice the following words with short i sound.

bill bit chill disk fill gist hill ill is it

Jill kill mill mint pill pin pit quit sit tilt

bin chin chip dip flip gin hint his kin little

miss nip rip sip thrill tin tip trip will win

bid birth bliss chick dirt flirt girl hid irk ish

him kiss lick pick print sick sink thick thing tick
Sentences with short i sound.
1. The king can swim.
2. I have 1000 Riyals bill.
3. Drop this into the bin.
4. Put it on the dish.
5. Drink enough water.
6. The fin of the fish is big.
7. Give me that pin.
8. I like a gold ring.
9. It is a good food.
Short o
The following words have short o sound.

combustion confirm cylinder block drop fan cover

hollow power button shop stop top

Exercise
Practice the following words with short o sound.

bond boss bot brother cop chop clog crop dog dot

drop flop got hop hot job mop not pop ton

block blog clock dock flock fog frog lock mock nod

pot sock soft stock thong toll tomcod top toss wonton

blond born bottom box cross goblin hobbit hobby jackpot

moss long loss lost robin roll rotten song spot troll
Sentences with short o sound.
1. Don’t drop the pot.
2. The phone costs much.
3. He plays the top.
4. It is just a dot.
5. Use the mop.
6. His son is absent.
7. He takes a flu shot.
8. Kids hop.
9. I got it from the shop.
Short u
The following words have short u sound.

bug bus club cup drug

gum hub hummus mug sum

Exercise
Practice the following words with short u sound.

bun but chunk cut duck dump dusk fun gun hump

hunk husk jump luck much mud nut plug plum plus

pub rub run rush shut such sun swum thus tub

album back-up bluff bunch cactus clutch discuss drum dull

dumb dust fudge fungus grudge hunt judge just numb null

pickup skull status tantrum thumb trunk trust up understand

Sentences with short u sound.
1. I hope you understand.
2. I watch football matches, but I don’t play.
3. It is fun in Saudi Arabia.
4. I wish you good luck.
5. It is such an amazing story.
6. The sun rises in the east.
7. This plum is delicious.
8. Please plug it in.
9. This bath tub is very big.
Reading Practice
Record a video while reading the following sentences with short vowel sound
words. Turn in your output in WhatsApp as private message attachment.
1. Burnt gas comes out from the pipe.
2. Fasteners are important in technical jobs.
3. This shaft is damaged.
4. The lions live in a den.
5. Ali has a black pen.
6. Send the message.
7. Give me that pin.
8. I like a gold ring.
9. It is a good food.
 Lesson B
Identify and Read Long
Vowel Patterns with a and e
Long Vowel Sound Patterns
Long a spelling patterns:

a_e ai ay eigh
We played by the gate and found eight nails.

Long e spelling patterns:

ee ea -e -y -ey ie
We saw three silly thieves stealing money.
She saw a monkey named Katie in a leafy tree.
The chief likes turkey and gravy, but he likes green beans best.
long (a) spelling pattern: (a_e) and (-ay)
The “e” at the end of the word cake is silent. It is a signal that sits at
the end of a word. It tells the first vowel to say its name. This rule is
known as the magic "e" rule.
ape cake came chase
game grade late made
place race same skate
snake take trade whale
The vowels are a-e-i-o-u and sometimes y.
In the combination ay, y serves as a vowel.
When two vowels are adjacent, the first usually has its long sound
while the second is silent. There's an easy rule for the combination of
two vowels next to each other: When two vowels go walking, the first
one does the talking, the second does the walking. The first vowel
says its name, the second vowel is silent.
day clay gray hay lay
may pay play pray say
spray stay stray tray way
Read the sentences below:
I came to the game late.
Did you see the ape chase the snake?
May the stray dog stay and play?
Is Jake in the same grade as Kate?
May I play on the bale of hay?
Did Kate make a cake?
I will trade this fake snake for a spade.
Ray, Kate, and Jake like to sway.
Kate put the clay on the gray tray.
Dale will have an x-ray today.
Is it okay to play in a skatepark?
Exercises
A. What are the two long (a) vowel patterns in the words listed in previous slide?
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Can you think of some more words that use the (a_e) or (-ay) pattern? Write them.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
C. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (a_e, -ay) words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
D. Write two sentences. Use words that have the spelling patterns (a_e), (-ay) in each
sentence.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
E. Please illustrate one of your sentences.
long (a) spelling pattern: (ai) and (eigh)
Remember this long vowel rule: When two vowels go walking, the first
one does the talking, the second does the walking.
In the word train, “ai” are adjacent (walking side by side). The first
vowel “a” is talking (says it’s name – as in the alphabet), the “I” is
walking (is silent).
aim brain chain drain
fail gain jail mail
paid pail pain pain
paint plain quail raid
rail sail snail sprain
stain tail trail train
trait vain wail wait
(eigh) says a
eight sleigh neighbor weight
(Height and sleight are exceptions to the rule.)
Read the sentences below:
I mailed eighteen boxes. I had to wait until the waitress brought
The snail made an eight-inch trail. the main dish.
I had to wait in the rain for the train. I got my neighbor’s mail today.
Jake ate eight plain pancakes in jail. The mail train sails along the rails.
Did the maid paint the rail? She waits in vain to see the sails.
My neighbor’s horse says, “neigh.” The rain in Spain falls on the plain.
It was raining when I sprained my hand on a rail. A trail of theft will land you in jail.
I see a snail in the rain under the sleigh.
He failed to paint the plain wood chair.
The train whistle sings and sings in my brain.
I laid my dog's chain on my neighbor's steps.
I saw eight quail on a trail at Torrey Pines.
The train has lots of freight cars.
Exercises
A. What are the two long (a) vowel patterns in the words listed in previous slide?
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Can you think of some more words that use the (ai) or (eigh) pattern? Write them.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
C. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (ai, eigh) words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
D. Create your own sentence, include one or more words that have the long a spelling pattern
(ai) or (eigh). Your writing should reflect good penmanship, proper spacing, and correct
usage of upper and lowercase letters. Do not mix upper and lowercase letters. Remember
all sentences begin with a capital letter and end with a period (.), question mark (?),
or exclamation point (!).
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
E. Please illustrate one of your sentences.
long (e) spelling pattern: (-ee) and (e)
Long vowel rule: When two vowels go walking the first one does the
talking, (it says its name) the second vowel does the walking, (it is
silent).
bee beef beep beet beetle bleed
cheek creek creep deed deep feed
fee feel feet fleet free glee
green heed heel jeep keep meet
need peek peel peep peewee queen
reed reef reel see seed seek
seem seen seep sheep sheet sleep
steel street sweep sweet teen teeth
thee three week wheel
When a one syllable short word ends with a vowel, it has a long vowel
sound.
be he me she we
Read the sentences below:
He fell into a deep sleep. The jeep crossed the creek on steel
wheels.
Will the queen feed her three sheep?
The queen peeled back her green
The queen seeks sweet beeswax.
sheets to go to sleep.
I will meet you next to the tree.
She lost three teeth in the creek.
Maybe we will see you at the reef.
We may need to sweep the street.
I feel sick and want to go to sleep.
I like to keep my feet under the sheet.
The heels of my feet itch a lot.
The bee is chasing me up the tree.
Exercises
A. Write the two long spelling patterns used in the words from previous slide?
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Can you think of some more words that use the (-ee) or (e) pattern? Write them.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
C. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (-ee, e) words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
D. Write two sentences. You must include words that have the long (e) spelling pattern,(ee) or
(-e). Your writing should reflect good penmanship, proper spacing, and correct usage of
upper and lowercase letters. Remember all sentences begin with a capital letter and end
with a period (.), question mark (?), or exclamation point (!).
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
E. Please illustrate one of your sentences.
long (e) spelling pattern: (ea)
Long vowel rule: When two vowels go walking the first (vowel) does
the talking,the second (vowel) does the walking.
In the word "teach" - “e” (says its name), “a” (is silent).
beach beagle cheat clean
cream dream each eat
feast flea heal jeans
leaf lean least mean
meat neat peach peanut
reach read reap scream
sea seal seat speak
teach teapot treat weak
Read the sentences below:
My neighbor teaches at the beach.
I like to be clean and neat.
Peanuts are a good treat.
The seal screeched a mean scream.
I feel weak and must sneak a peach.
Will the beetle eat the leaf?
My teacher is on sick leave.
I will eat meat at the feast.
I can see a seal swimming in the sea.
Can you heal the eagle and set him free?
The cat had to flee from the mean flea.
Jean cleaned and bleached her
jeans.
The least bit of cream on the seat
must be cleaned.
The teacher reached each student
by speaking to them.
When will the teacher wear the
beads I gave her?
Does a beaver eat a heap of beans?
Our speaker at the assembly was
Least Heat Moon.
I have read all the stories the
teacher is reading to us.
Exercises
A. What is the long (e) spelling pattern in the words listed in the previous slide?
______________________________
B. Can you think of any more words that have this (ea) spelling pattern? List them.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
C. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (ea) words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
D. Create two sentences. Please include words that have the long (e) spelling pattern (ea).
Remember all sentences begin with a capital letter and end with a period (.), question
mark (?), or exclamation point (!). Be attentive to penmanship. Do not mix upper and
lowercase letters.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
E. Make a simple illustration of your favorite sentence.
long (e) spelling pattern: (-y)
The vowels are: a-e-i-o-u- and sometimes y.
When y functions as a vowel it:
a) concludes a word which has no other vowel (my)
b) concludes words of more than one syllable (happy)
c) immediately follows another vowel (may, monkey).
Read the words listed below. Note spelling pattern (-y) at the end of each word. When (-y)
appears at the end of a word that has at least two syllables, it usually has the long (e)
sound.
baby belly bunny candy
Carly creepy daddy easy
envy filly foggy funny
golly happy hungry jelly
jolly Kelly lady lilly
lucky mommy party penny
puppy rusty silly skinny
study tally ugly windy
Read the sentences below:
The lady washed the sticky baby.
My dog, Lucky, is funny and lazy.
My silly puppy wants a meaty treat.
My baggy jeans are really messy.
Mommy and daddy went to a party.
My crazy kitty eats smelly tuna.
Did you get a lucky penny at the party?
Is that puny, skinny cat hungry?
The fussy baby wants my sticky candy.
I have a rusty, dusty, musty penny.
I have a silly bunny named Polly.
A filly, Happy-Go-Lucky, will race in
the Kentucky Derby.
Sally can count to 15 using tally marks.
Sally and I met a jolly crowd at the
rally.
Don’t sully my friend’s name by
calling him an ugly bully.
Kelly has a pretty lilly in her hand.
Bobby and his puppy went to the
party at the pet shop.
I The jockey and the filly had to run
on a muddy track.
My study of creepy, crawly insects w
as fun and easy.
The lady was lucky to get to the
party on such a foggy day.
Exercises
A. Can you think of some additional two syllable words that end with the letter “-y” that have
the long “e” sound.
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (-y) words with a long (e) sound.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
C. Create some sentences of your own. Write two sentences; please include words
that have the (-y) long (e) spelling pattern. Remember all sentences begin with a
capital letter and end with a period (.), question mark (?), or exclamation
point (!). Do not mix upper and lowercase letters.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Please illustrate one of your sentences.
long (e) spelling patterns (-ey) and (ie)
The vowels are: a-e-i-o-u- and sometimes y.
When y functions as a vowel it:
a) concludes a word which has no other vowel (my)
b) concludes words of more than one syllable (happy)
c) immediately follows another vowel (turkey)
Vowel rule: When two vowels go walking, the first one does the
talking. In the word monkey - “e” says its name, as in the alphabet.
The second one does the walking; the “y” is silent.
alley chimney chutney donkey
galley hockey honey jockey
key kidney Mickey money
monkey parsley valley volley
The pattern (ie) is an irregular long (e) spelling pattern. It is often used
in names, ex. Katie. This pattern does not follow the long vowel rule,
(When two vowels go walking, the first one does the talking.) We
sometimes refer to these (ie) pattern words as
“jail” words because they don’t follow the rule! It may be best to
remember the old spelling rule: i before e, except after c.
Angie baggie beanie belief believe
Bonnie brie brief chief cookie

field fiend frieze genie grief

niece piece shield siege thief
Read the sentences below:
Did the thief take the key?
Do you want a piece of bread and honey?
Did you see the jockey on the donkey?
The chief sees the thief in the valley.
I need some money to go on the trolley.
The monkey ran across the hockey field.
Did Natalie eat lunch with Katie?
The alley cat left prints on my windshield.
Charlie and Leslie are playing volleyball.
I have a black alley cat named Sadie.
I believe the siege of the valley will end soon.
I bought a cookie and a piece of
brie in the galley.
Eating parsley on chutney gave my
stomach grief.
Mickey took off his beanie and put
it in the baggie.
The fiend siezed the fiefdom from
the king.
The thief got three years in the
pokey for stealing money.
A piece of the frieze fell off and hit
my niece.
Exercises
A. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (-ey, ie) words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Write a sentence. Please use one or more words that have the (-ey) & (ie) spelling patterns.
Do not mix upper and lowercase letters. Remember all sentences begin with a capital
letter and end with a period (.), (?), or (!). Please be attentive to good penmanship.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Please illustrate your sentence or one of the sentences in this lesson.
 Lesson C
Identify and Read Long Vowel
Patterns with i and o
Long i spelling patterns:
i_e ie igh -y ind ild
Mike was kind of frightened by the wild fly on his pie.
My kind child hides ties and sighs.
Long o spelling patterns:
o_e oe oa ow -o old ost
The old ghost broke his toe and floats so slow.
Joe told the host there was no soap in the stone bowl.
long (i) spelling patterns: (i_e) and (ie)
The “e” at the end of hike is silent; it is a signal that sits at the end of a word. It tells the first
vowel to say its name.
It is known as the magic "e" rule.
bike bite bribe crime dike
dive drive file fine five
glide gripe hide hive jibe
jive kite life like lime
line mile mine pike pile
pipe pride prize quite ride
rife ripe size slime smile
spike spine strife strike stripe
thrive time tribe vine while
whine white wide wife wipe
Recall long vowel rule: When two vowels go walking, the first one does the talking (it says
its name), the second one does the walking (it is a silent listener).
die died lie pie tie tied
Read the sentences below:
I can hike five miles uphill to the pine trees. Can you dive in the Nile at its widest part?
Did you tie the kite to your bike? They dined on ripe limes and white wine
Do you want a bite of this fine pie? from the vine.
I got the prize consisting of nine dimes. If you strike the swine, they might bite.
The deer did not die in the forest fire. Mike could not wipe the grime off his striped
I have five white tires stacked in a pile. tie.
Can you hide a pile of limes in a hive? We could hear the chimes from the shrine's
spire.
I can bide my time until the fish bite.
My cats like to lie in the sunshine.
Mike can not ride his bike for a while.
The bribe cost him a fine for his crime.
My wife drives nine miles to dine on tripe.
Mom said, “Rise and shine, waste no time.”
She was quite white from fright when she saw the crime.
Exercises
A. Write the two long (i) patterns used in the words from previous slide.
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (i_e, ie) words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
C. Create your own sentences. You must include words that have the long (i) spelling patterns
(i_e) & (ie). Remember all sentences begin with a capital letter and end
with a period (.), question mark (?), or exclamation point (!). Please be attentive to good
penmanship.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Illustrate your favorite sentences.
long (i) spelling patterns: (igh) and (-y)
Both of these patterns have the sound of long (i).
The vowel (i) followed by (gh), usually has a long (i) sound.

blight bright candlelight copyright

daylight delight enlighten fight
flight flighty frighten high
highjack highness insight light
lightning midnight might night
plight right sigh sight
slight thigh tight tonight
As you recall (-y) at the end of 2 syllable words, has a long (e) sound as in (any);
(-y) at the end of 1 syllable words, has a long (i) sound as in (try).

by cry dry fly fry guy

my shy sky sly try why
Read the sentences below:
The flight was a bit frightening. He read the copyright in the candlelight.
It is not right to fight. The headlights on the road frightened the
I saw a bright light in the sky last night. deer.
He fell off the tightrope and broke his
Why did you cry last night?
thighbone.
Why did the sly spy try to hide? The tightwad will count his money tonight.
Why is this lid so tight?
Did the fish fly into the frying pan?
Will my kite fly high at night?
Why is Skylar so shy?
He stopped by my shop to buy gum.
I might see the fight tonight.
I keep a flashlight inside my car.
The guy was delighted to win the fight.
My mouth went dry at sight of the bullfight.
Exercises
A. Write the two long (i) vowel spelling patterns used in this lesson.
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Can you think of any more words that have the long (i) spelling pattern (igh) & (-y). Write
them.
______________________________ ______________________________
C. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (igh, -y) words with the long (i) sound.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
D. Write one or two sentences, include words that have the (igh) or (-y) spelling pattern.
Remember all sentences begin with a capital letter and end with a period (.), question
mark (?), or exclamation point (!). Do not mix upper and lowercase letters. Please be
attentive to good penmanship.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
E. Illustrate your favorite sentences.
long (i) spelling patterns: (-ind) and (-ild)
These patterns (-ind) and (-ild) are irregular long vowel patterns.
Usually words with just one vowel have a short vowel sound.
However, these two spelling patterns are exceptions.
Both (-ind, -ild) have a long (i) vowel sound.

behind bind blind find

grind hind hindsight humankind
kind mankind mastermind mind
mindset remind rind spellbind
unbind unkind wind windup

child grandchild mild semiwild stepchild wild wildcat wildfire wildlife

Read the sentences below:
The child will hide behind the tree. Can the blind man set the time and wind the
Keep in mind to be kind to the blind. clock?
Do you mind if I get mild salsa? Can the blind man set the time and wind the
clock?
I must find the wild winding path.
The teacher was so spellbinding I won't
Did the blind child grind the nuts?
forget her words.
What did you find behind the door?
We can relax and unwind after we are finished.
Find the book with the bad binding.
Will the wild animals survive the unkind oil
A wild blind cat scraped her hind leg.
spill?
Do you mind if I grind the coffee?
My child likes lemon rind in his tea.
Be kind when you play Blind Man’s Bluff.
The schoolchild had to rebind his book.
Let me remind you to rewind the clock.
Who was the mastermind behind this plot?
Exercises
A. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (-ind) and (-ild) words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Write a sentence. Please include one or more words that have the (ind) and (ild) spelling
patterns. You may want to add a suffix to the base word. Ex: I am the kindest child. Please
be mindful of correct punctuation and penmanship skills. Please illustrate your sentence on
the back of your paper.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
long (o) spelling patterns: (o_e) and (oe)
The “e” at the end of home is silent; it is a signal that sits at the end of the word. It tells the
first vowel to say its name.
It is known as the magic "e" rule.
bone choke close cone
globe grove hole home
hope nose note pole
rode rode rope rose
slope smoke stone stove
those tone vote zone

Recall the long vowel rule: When two vowels go walking, the first one does the talking (it
says its name), the second one does the walking (it is silent).
doe foe Joe hoe
roe tiptoe toe woe
Read the sentences below:
Did you hoe those roses? Mom tiptoed to the stove to check the
Did Moe poke a hole in the note? smoked ham.
I do not like to be at home alone. The stovepipe helped the smoke go up the
chimney.
Will the doe go home if we leave it alone?
He tied his robe with a rose rope.
I rode my bike and fell in a hole.
I hope my home will not slide down the slope.
I fell and poked my nose on a stone.
Oh woe! Poor Moe hacked his toe with a
My dad drove home from his work.
hoe.
Woe is me. The smoke chokes me.
I stepped in a hole and broke a bone.
I have an aloe plant at my home.
Can you play those notes on an oboe?
Joe broke a bone in his big toe.
I will taste the roe and drink pekoe tea.
I played tic-tac-toe with Joe.
Exercises
A. Write the two long (o) spelling patterns in the words from previous slide.
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Can you think of some additional words with the spelling patterns (o_e, oe)? Write them.
______________________________ ______________________________
C. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (o_e, oe) words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
D. Create two or more sentences. Include some words that have the spelling pattern
(o_e, oe). Illustrate one of your sentences on the back of the paper.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
Check your sentences. Did you begin each sentence with a capital letter? Did you add a
period (.), question mark (?), or exclamation point (!) at the end of each sentence? Is your
penmanship neat?
A number of frequently used words do not follow the general vowel rules, particularly
o_e (o consonant e words). I’m listing a few of these. These words are known as Sight
Words.
come done dove glove gone love none some

One cannot “sound out” sight words according to their visual pattern. The word “come”
appears to be a “magic e” word, therefore the “o” would have a long vowel sound. If
pronounced according to the rule, it would sound like “comb” The common phonic
generalizations (rules) learned in beginning reading cannot be applied to the
pronunciation of sight words.
long (o) spelling patterns: (oa) and (-o)
Review long vowel rule: When two vowels go walking, the first one does the talking (it says
its name), the second one does the walking (it is silent).

boat cloak coach coal

coast coat float foam
goat goat load loaf
loam loan oak oat
oath road roast soak
soap throat toad toast

If a one syllable word ends with a vowel, the vowel is usually long.

go no so
Read the sentences below:
Is Joe taking a nap in his boat? I hope to see an oak tree when I go up the
Did you go home after lunch? coast.
Did the goat eat the soap? The freeloading cockroach ate all of the
oatmeal.
I had a sore throat so I stayed home.
They were unloading the load of coal on the
Did you see the toad on the road? railroad.
Will this boat float to the kelp beds? The toad on the road puffed its throat at the
No, I did not reach the goal. goat.
I will slice this loaf and make toast. The pot roast on toast made my stomach
I left my coat on the boat. bloat.
Can you hear the toad croak?
The coach likes oatmeal and toast.
An armload of charcoal fell on my toe.
The coach gave us pot roast on toast.
Did the oil soaked dolphins float to the coast?
Exercises
A. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (oa, -o) words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Create two or more sentences. Please include words with the spelling pattern (oa, -o).
Remember all sentences begin with a capital letter and end with a period (.), question
mark (?), or exclamation point (!). Do not mix upper and lower case letters. Please be
attentive to good penmanship.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Please illustrate your favorite sentence.
long (o) spelling pattern: (ow)
The combination (ow) has two sounds.
This lesson concentrates on (ow) as in row.
(The variant vowel pattern (ow) as in cow will be introduced in another slide.)

bellow billow blow borrow bow

bowl bowler bungalow crow elbow
fellow flow glow grow low
meadow mellow mow owe own
pillow row shadow show slow
snow sow throw tow yellow
Read the sentences below:
Do you bend your elbow when you throw things? I laid my pillow in the shadow of the
You owe me a dime if you want to see the show. yellow bungalow.
Why did you throw the pillow? That bowler was a show-off until
he hurt his elbow.
I will put the snow in a bowl.
A crow walked slowly in the shadow of
How low can a crow fly? my snowman.
Can you follow the shadow of the crow?
I see a yellow bow on the snowman.
I sat in the shadow of a willow tree.
The tow truck towed my car home.
Can a blowfish blow bubbles?
It is freezing in the blowing snow.
Do you see the glow in the window?
The stowaway on the ship was a mellow fellow.
I will sow these seeds in a row and hope they grow.
Exercises
A. Can you think of any more long (o) words that have the (ow) spelling pattern? Please write
them or you may choose to add a suffix (ending) ing, ed to a base word that shows
action, as in “growing.”
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (ow) long (o)words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
C. Create two or more sentences; include words that have the long (o) spelling pattern (ow)
as in “row”. Be attentive to neat penmanship and proper spacing.
Remember all sentences begin with a capital letter and end with a period (.), (?), or (!).
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Please illustrate one of your sentences.
long (o) spelling patterns: (-old) and (-ost)
(old): This pattern has a single vowel, though a long (o) sound.

bold billfold cold fold gold

hold mold old sold scold
told

(ost): The letter combination (ost) may have either a long (o) or short (o) sound.
long "o" (ost) words
ghost* host hostess most post
postcard poster postman postmark

*The “h” is silent in the word ghost.

(ost): short "o" (ost) words

cost frost lost nostril

Read the sentences below:
I will fold this gold poster.
I see mold on this old apple.
The bold hostess scolded the child.
I told the host I was cold.
I will tie the old goat to the post.
Please hold my cold hand.
I sold the frame on my old gold poster.
Most of the ghosts are invisible.
Most of the cheese has mold on it.
Dad sold the old gold candle.
Did the postman fold the postcard?
I sold the gold for more than it cost.
I lost most of my toast when the hostess dropped the plate.
Exercises
A. What are the two spelling patterns in the words listed in the previous slide?
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (-old, -ost) long (o) words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
C. Create one or two sentences. Please include words that have the long (o) spelling pattern
(-old, -ost) in each sentence. Remember all sentences begin with a capital letter, end with
a period (.), question mark (?) or exclamation point (!). Your penmanship should be neat
and you should leave a little space between the words you write.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Please illustrate one of your sentences.
Spelling Pattern: (or)
A vowel o followed by the letter “r” results in a blended sound which is neither the short nor
long sound of the vowel.

absorb abnormal accord bighorn born

conform contort cord cork corn
corncob corpse corset deform discord
distort dorm dormant dorsal endorse
escort extort firestorm for fork
form formal horn horse mortal
normal north or order scorch
short stork storm thorn torch
Read the sentences below:
The leghorn wants corn, not a corncob. She made an ornate cork border for the
You did not order a morsel of food! artist's frame.
The resort is north of the border. The porcupine made a nest
for her newborn.
The normal mortal conforms to the rules.
His retort about my short shorts was in
I saw storm clouds forming in the sky. bad form.
The storks flew north to escape the storm.
The horn and organ played a forlorn song.
I experienced some discord with my landlord.
Can you order a cord of wood for the stove?
My pig snorts in the morning when he wants an acorn.
The bighorn sheep went around the thorns.
The hornets orbited their scorched nest.
The orphans were escorted into the dorm.
The foghorn and the torches in the storm saved the ship.
Exercises
A. What spelling pattern do you see in each of the words listed in the previous slide?
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (or) words as in stork.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
C. Create one or more sentences, include at least one word in each sentence that has the
spelling pattern (or) as in stork.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Please illustrate one of your sentences on a piece of paper.
Spelling/reading pattern: long double (oo) sound as heard in "moon"
This spelling/reading pattern (oo) has two sounds long, and short.
The short sound of (oo) will be introduced in the next lesson.
balloon broom choose cool
food fool loose moon
noon pool roof room
rooster root school scoop
scooter shoot smooth spooky
spoon too tooth zoo
Sight words that have the same vowel sound.
coupon do group route shoe
soup through to toucan true
truth two who wound you
Read the sentences below:
Did you see the cool balloon at the zoo?
The tile on the roof is loose.
Bring a spoon to my classroom at noon.
Did you lose your tooth at school?
Can the root hold the plant in loose soil?
Which balloon did you choose?
Oh gloom, I must clean my room by noon.
The water in the pool is cool.
My tooth is too loose; I will lose it soon.
I gave my pooch a cool smooch.
Do gooseneck barnacles live in tidepools?
I shampooed my poodle in the afternoon.
Does the goofy spook have cooties?
The school kids went to the tidepool.
Exercises
A. Dictation/Spelling Practice for long double (oo) words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Write one or two original sentences, include at least one word in each sentence that has
the long double (oo) spelling pattern. Remember all sentences begin with a capital letter
and end with a period (.), question mark (?), or exclamation point (!).
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Please illustrate your favorite sentence on a piece of paper.
Spelling/reading pattern: short double (oo) sound as heard in "foot"
This spelling/reading pattern (oo) has two sounds long, and short.
Long double (oo) was introduced in the previous lesson.
Short double (oo)/(u) has two spelling patterns.
"u" as in put or pull; "oo" as in foot or book - not the same sound as short "u" in duck.
book brook cook cookie cookout
crook fishhook foot football good
goodbye hood hoodie hoof hook
look nook plywood rook rookie
shook soot sooty stood took
unhook wood woodpecker woof wool
bull bulletin bullion bully
bush butcher butcher pit bull
pull pulley push put
Sight words that have the same vowel sound.
could pussyfoot should sugar wolf woman would
There are a few (oo) words which are neither long (oo) nor short (oo).
Can you read these sight words: blood, door, flood, floor
Read the sentences below:
The cook looked at the book.
I understood the story in the book.
The bush is full of thorns.
I gave the swing a good push.
Did I put the book in the bookcase?
The crook wore a black hood.
My lunch was good and I’m too full.
The pit bull took a look at the crook.
I stood on one foot and hopped over the wood.
The bully pushed me then pulled my wool sweater off.
They found many fishhooks as they stood by the brook.
The rookie football player looked pretty good.
The bully took all of our sugar cookies.
We're on the lookout for the crook who took the bullion.
She shook soot from her hood after a walk in the woods.
I said goodbye to the cook as we left the cookout.
Should we put the woofer above the nook?
Exercises
A. Dictation/Spelling Practice for short (oo) words.
Spelling pattern short double (oo) and (u) as in put.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Write two or more original sentences. Include at least one word in each sentence that has
the spelling pattern (oo)/(u) as in foot and put. Remember all sentences begin with a
capital letter and end with a period (.), question mark (?), or exclamation point (!). Please
illustrate one of your sentences on the back of your paper.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Please illustrate your favorite sentence on a piece of paper.
Spelling/reading letter patterns: (ow) and (ou) same sound as heard in cow
This is not the long (o) sound heard in snow, although it is spelled exactly the same.
This sound has two spelling patterns, (ow) (ou). These vowel combinations (ow, ou) are
diphthongs when they have the variant vowel sound as heard in cow and house.
brown clown cow crowd crown
down flower frown how now
owl shower towel town vowel
about cloud couch count flour
found hour house loud mouth
ouch our out round shout
Read the sentences below:
I found a flower by my house. A stout clown had a sour apple in his mouth.
I must go to town to buy some flour. The owl found a mouse by my house.
Can you count the brown cows for me? How far can you count aloud in an hour?
The owl flew around my house. I see a cow by the trout pond south of here.
Do you want to go outside now? I saw a clown upside down make a frown.
How loud can you shout the vowel sounds?
Exercises
A. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (ow, ou) words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Write two original sentences. Please include one or more (ow, ou) words in each of your
sentences. Your writing should reflect good penmanship and proper spacing. Remember all
sentences begin with a capital letter and end with a period (.), question mark (?), or an
exclamation point (!).
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
C. Please illustrate your favorite sentence on a piece of paper.
Spelling/ reading pattern: (aw, au, al, all)
The letters (aw, au) have the same sound as short (o).
The sound of (al) varies. It has either the short (o) sound as in talk, or may include the sound
of “l” as in salt.
(all) has a short (o) sound plus “l” as in ball.
awful claw crawl draw jaw
law lawn paw raw yawn
applause August Austin author because
fault haul Paul sauce sausage
almost alright also always chalk
malt salt stalk talk walk
all ball call fall hall
mall small stall tall wall
Read the sentences below:
Did the ball hit your jaw?
Are you as tall as Austin?
I like to walk and talk to Austin.
Please walk down the hallway.
Did you haul the old stall away?
The tall, bald man paused to pet a fawn.
Paul took a walk and saw a falling rock.
It was your fault that I added too much salt.
Claude used the chalk to draw on the wall.
Last August I saw the author of this neat book, “How to Draw”. All of us liked it.
There is no need to put sauce on the sausage.
We almost always applaud a good show.
We could also go to the mall for a malt.
I was surprised to see a stalk of corn growing on the lawn.
His jaw was so raw he could hardly talk.
The law was awful because of all the pain it caused.
Exercises
A. Can you think of some other words that have these (aw, au, al, all) spelling patterns? Write
them.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (aw, au, al, all) words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
C. Write two or more original sentences. Please include one or more words with the
spelling/reading pattern (aw, au, al, all) in each of your sentences. Your writing should
reflect good penmanship, proper spacing and correct usage of upper and lower case
letters. Remember all sentences begin with a capital letter and end with a period (.),
question mark (?), or an exclamation point (!).
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Please illustrate your favorite sentence.
Reading/spelling pattern: (oy, oi): (oy) as in boy, (oi) as in oil
The diphthongs (oy, oi) have two adjacent vowels in a single syllable, each of which
contribute to the sound heard. (boy = boi; boil = boil)
annoy boy corduroy decoy destroy
employ enjoy joy joyful oyster
royal royalty soybean toy voyage
The diphthongs oi and oy have the same sound (boy= boi; boil=boil).
appointment avoid avoid broil coil
coin disappoint doily foil hoist
join joint moist moisture noise
noisy oil oink ointment pinpoint
point poison rejoice soil spoil
toilet trapezoid turquoise voice voiceless
Read the sentences below:
The boy is wearing corduroy jeans.
Roy enjoyed dining on oysters.
I have buttons made of oyster shells.
Please do not destroy Floyd’s toy!
Hunters use decoys to attract ducks.
I hope your voyage will be joyful.
Are you employed at the toyshop?
The cowboy ate a boysenberry.
Lloyd is annoying Boyd’s friend.
The cowboy has a loyal sheepdog.
What destroyed our field of soybeans?
Mom says that I’m a tomboy.
Troy enjoys his work as a busboy.
My body is buoyant when I float.
I enjoyed the broiled oysters.
The employees are noisy.
My turquoise pencil has a sharp point.
Do you avoid making bad choices?
Please join our coin-collecting club.
Does the soil feel moist?
Did you wrap the moist cake in foil?
Where’s the poison ivy ointment?
Does a trapezoid have four points?
I rejoice when I recognize mom’s voice.
The new toilets have a noisy flush.
Exercises
A. Can you think of some additional words that have the (oy, oi) spelling pattern? Write them.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (oy, oi) words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
C. Write two or more original sentences. Please include one or more words with the
spelling/reading pattern (oy, oi) in each of your sentences. Your writing should reflect good
penmanship, proper spacing and correct usage of upper and lower case letters.
Remember all sentences begin with a capital letter and end with a period (.), question
mark (?), or an exclamation point (!).
________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Please illustrate your favorite sentence.
 Lesson D
Identify and Read Long
Vowel Patterns with u
Long u spelling patterns:
u_e ue ui ew
I saw a funny mule wearing a new blue suit.
The cute fruit fly flew into the glue.
long (u) spelling patterns: (u_e) and (ue)
Recall the magic “e” rule. The “e” at the end of the word mule is a signal that means the
previous vowel (usually the first vowel) is long. The (u) in the word mule, has a long sound
because it ends with the magic “e” signal.
Long (u) has two sounds;
long (u) as in mule and (oo) as rude
brute chute cube cure cute duke flute (oo) mule
mute perfume prune (oo) rude (oo) rule (oo) tube tune use
Recall the long vowel rule: When two vowels go walking, the first one does the talking (it
says its name). The second one does the walking (it’s silent).
argue blue (oo) clue (oo) cue due glue (oo)
rescue statue sue (oo) tissue true (oo) Tuesday
Read the sentences below:
Is your blue book due on Tuesday? June is cute and follows the rules.
Give me a clue regarding the rules. It is rude to pass crude notes.
Will Sue hide inside a hollow tube? The mule was a big brute but needed to be
Follow the rules and do not be rude. rescued.
We rescued the mule on the cliff.
Do not argue about the rules.
May Duke use your glue stick?
Do you like to use perfume?
Please nuke the barbecue and serve it hot.
Duke is upset. Will a happy tune cure him?
Luke plays a cute tune on a steel tube.
Do you pursue your work with a good attitude?
If you are mute, are you speechless?
Can June mute her flute?
Exercises
A. What are the two long (u) spelling patterns in the words listed in the previous slide?
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (u_e, ue) words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
C. Create two or more sentences. Please include words that have the long (u) spelling
patterns (u_e, ue).
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Make a simple illustration of your favorite sentence. Feel free to use any paper.
long (u) spelling patterns: (ew) and (ui)
Remember: Long (u) has two sounds (u) and (oo)
Long (u) has four spelling patterns: u-e, ue, ew, ui.
Long (u) has two sounds, u as in mule
and long double sound oo as in moon.

blew brew chew crew

dew drew few flew
grew knew new pew
screw stew thew view
The vowel pattern (ui) is used infrequently
as long (u), in this case it is mostly limited to
the oo sound as in fruit.
bruise cruise fluid fruit
juice ruin suit suitcase
Read the sentences below:
The crew made stew. I will brew a few cups of coffee and bring
The stew is hard to chew. some fresh fruit for the crew.
The skunk sat on the new pew in church. I want a few pieces of fruit and some stew in
Duke said "Phew, I smell a skunk!" my new bowl.
Just a few of our seeds grew.
Dad laid his new suit in the suitcase.
The wind blew our cruise ship.
I threw some fruit to the sea gull.
I have a good view of the cruiser.
I drew a picture of a few crewmen.
The fruit is covered with dewdrops.
I need a suitable suit for the cruise.
Lewis wants a few pieces of fruit.
I grew two inches on the cruise.
Exercises
A. What are the two long (u) spelling patterns in the words listed in the previous slide?
______________________________ ______________________________
B. Dictation/Spelling Practice for (-ew, ui) words.
______________________________ ______________________________
______________________________ ______________________________
C. Create two original sentences. Please be attentive to good handwriting. Include words that
have the long (u) spelling patterns (-ew, ui) in each sentence.
_________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________________
D. Make a simple illustration of your favorite sentence. Feel free to use any paper.
Carly’s Family
Carly has a large family. She lives with
four people. Carly has also two pets. Carly’s
mom is a doctor. Carly’s mom works at the
hospital. Carly’s mom helps people who are
sick. Carly’s dad works at home. Carly’s dad
cooks for the family. Carly’s dad drives the
kids to soccer practice. Carly has two
brothers. James is ten years old. Scott is
fourteen years old. Carly has two pets. Jinx is
a small, black cat. Diego is a large, brown
dog. Carly loves her family.
After reading the passage – Carly’s Family, accomplish this. On a sheet of paper, write the numbers
1 to 15. Answer the questions. Turn in your output to your teacher for your performance task.

1. How many people are in Carly’s family?

A. four B. five C. six
2. Carly’s mom works at the
A. restaurant B. mall C. hospital
3. This passage is mostly about Carly’s
A. pets B. family C. soccer
4. Which of the following is true?
A. Carly’s mom coaches the soccer team. B. James is the best soccer player in the family.
C. Jinx and Diego are Carly’s pets.
5. The oldest brother in Carly’s family is
A. James B. Scott C. Diego
6. Carly has a large family. Which word is the same as “large”?
A. small B. big C. little
7. Which of the statements is wrong?
A. Carly has a dog. B. Carly has a snake. C. Carly has a cat.
8. Who cooks for the family?
A. Carly’s youngest brother B. Carly’s dad C. Carly’s mom
9. Which of the following is true?
A. Carly’s mom is a teacher. B. Carly’s mom is a doctor. C. Carly’s mom is a cook.
10. What is the color of Carly’s dog?
A. white B. black C. brown
11. What is the name of Carly’s cat?
A. Jinx B. Ginx C. Jhinx
12. What sport is mentioned in the selection?
A. volleyball B. golf C. soccer
13. Which of the following is a proper noun?
A. dad B. Carly C. mom
14. Which of the following is a common noun?
A. pets B. Carly C. Diego
15. Which of the following has three syllables?
A. hospital B. people C. fourteen
Complete the paragraph below:
Carly has a _____________ family. She lives with _____________. Carly has
also two _____________. Carly’s mom is a _____________. Carly’s mom
works at the _____________. Carly’s mom helps people who are
_____________. Carly’s dad _____________ at home. Carly’s dad cooks for
the _____________. Carly’s dad drives the kids to _____________ practice.
Carly has two _____________. James is ten years old. Scott is
_____________ years old. Carly has two pets. _____________ is a small,
black cat. _____________ is a large, _____________ dog. Carly loves her
_____________.
Speaking

Talk about your family. Record a one-minute video about this

and turn in your output via WhatsApp private message to your
teacher. This exercise is 25 points.
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Self Evaluation

Hit like and comment on this video. What have you learned so
far? A one-sentence comment is enough.
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