(Role of STS)  The relationship between science and

Lesson 1.1 technology and society can be described by

the example of rain falling on a mountain.
Relationship among Science,  Science can be considered to be the
Technology and Society foundation strength of society. However, this
foundation strength is not something that
 Science and technology are very significant in can be acquired in a single day or night, but
the growth of a modern society. instead requires a steady, continuous build-
up.

SCIENCE
 Derived from Latin word Scientia –
KNOWLEDGE.
 Systematic study of nature, of the material
and physical universe, based on observation,
experimentation and measurement as well as
the formulation of laws to explain these facts
in general terms.
 Study of knowledge which can be made into a
system, and usually depends on seeing and
testing facts and stating general laws.
TECHNOLOGY
 Body of knowledge devoted to creating tools,
processing actions and extracting of materials.
 We use it to accomplish various tasks in our
daily lives.
 Products and process used to simplify our
daily lives.
 Application in science used to solve problems.
 Infrastructure in society has actually grown
with the aid of science and technology.
 Modes of transportation lines were
understood and these really benefitted the
society.
Science and Technology are for
Society contributing to Society
through knowledge, creation and
utilization:
 Scientific and technological activities
o Refers to elucidation of unknown
phenomena, and to the creation of
new knowledge through the discovery
of new natural laws and principles,
and the new knowledge is then
utilized in the real society.
Science’s contribution to Human
Civilization (Societal significance of
science)
 Science originated from natural philosophy
and was supported by people’s intellectual
curiosity.
 The main objective of science has been
elucidation of how nature is put together and
operates, and it has developed as a separate
entity from technology.
 Science has moved away from being business
in the intellectual world, with scientific results
now pioneering the frontiers of human
activities in terms of both space and time, and
expanding the potential of human activities.
Science and Technology in Modern
Society
 Wind, water and animal power were replaced
by steam engine.
 Railroad made it possible to move things and
people quickly over great distances.
 The telegraph and telephone carried
communications across the country side.
 Electric lighting supplanted the glim glow of
candles, kerosene and gas lights.
 The automobile and the airplane changed not
only travel but nature of our cities and towns.
 Radio and hen television brought more of the
outside world into everyone’s home.
 Knowledge about the causes of disease
brought new treatments and preventive
measures.
 Computers appeared, and soon, the transistor
made them smaller, more powerful, more
accessible and cheaper.
  Deeper understanding of living organisms is merely provided is with more efficient means
leading toward cures of diseases once thought for going backwards.
untreatable.  Bertrand Russell (British Philosopher,
 Basic insights in material science enable the Mathematician and Historian)- Science may
development of structures that are lighter, set limits to knowledge, but should not set
stronger, and more durable than anything limits to imagination.
available before.  Don DeLillo (American Novelist, Essayist,
 The computer and novel modes of Writer)- This is the whole point of technology.
communication, such as optical fibers, bring It creates an appetite for immortality on the
new ways of working in turn speed the growth one hand. It threated universal extinction on
and dissemination of new knowledge. the other. Technology is lust removed from
nature.
 Carl Sagan (American Astronomer,
Quotes on Science and Technology Astrophysist and Cosmologist)- Science is a
way of thinking much more than it is a body of
 William James (American philosopher and knowledge.
Psychologist)- Science, like life feeds on its  Arthur C. Clarke (British Science Fiction
own decay. New facts burst old rules divined Writer)- Any sufficiently advance technology is
conceptions bind old and new together into a equivalent to magic.
reconciling law.  Brian Greene (American Theoretical
 Steve Jobs (American business magnate and Physicist)- Science is the process that takes us
Investor)- Technology is nothing. What’s from confusion to understanding.
important is that you have faith in people,  Larry Niven (American Science Fiction Writer)-
that they’re basically good and smart, and if Ethics change with technology.
you give them tools, they’ll do wonderful
things.
 Thomas Huxley (English Biologist)- The man of
science has learned to believe in justification,
not by faith, but by verification.
 Sydney J. Harris (American Journalist)- The
real danger is not computers will begin to
think like men, but men will begin to think like
computers.
 Hugh Walpole (English novelist)- In all
science, error preceded the truth, and it is
better it should go first than last.
 Elbert Hubbard (American Artist, Writer,
Philosopher)- One machine can do the work
of fifty ordinary men. No machine can do the
work of one extraordinary man.
 Abraham Flexner (American educator)-
Science in the very act of solving problems,
creates more of them.
 Albert Einstein (American Artist, Writer,
Philosopher)- It has become appallingly
obvious that our technology has exceeded our
humanity.
 Robert Green (American Writer and Orator)-
Reason, observation and experience; The holy
trinity of science.
 Aldous Huxley (English Writer and
Philosopher)- Technological progress has