Similar Polygons

and Triangles
Mathematics 9
Objectives
• identify the corresponding parts of similar polygons
• determine the scale factor of similar polygons
• determine if two triangles are similar using AA similarity
postulate, SSS theorem, or SAS theorem
• solve for the missing sides of two similar triangles
• solve worded problems involving similar triangles
 Table of Contents
01 03
Similar Polygons Drills
Corresponding parts and Answer problems on your own and
correspondence rule. earn recitation points.

02 04
Similar Triangles Reminders
Theorems and postulate that prove Lesson requirements and
triangle similarity. schedule.
 01
Similar Polygons
Corresponding Parts and Correspondence Rule
Corresponding Parts of Similar Polygons
9 V
O
6 P
A

6 9
4 6

L 3 E H 2 Y

Quadrilateral LOVE ~ Quadrilateral HAPY

For the angles:
Corresponding angles are angles that are
is similar to congruent or have the same measure.

L  H In the example, L and H are

V  P
corresponding angles since they are
O  A E  Y congruent.
Corresponding Parts of Similar Polygons
9 V
O
6 P
A

6 9
4 6

L 3 E H 2 Y

Quadrilateral LOVE ~ Quadrilateral HAPY

For the sides:
6 9 9 3 Corresponding sides are sides that follow
the scale factor or constant ratio.

In the example, LO and HA are

4 6 6 2
corresponding sides since their
scale factor ratio is 3/2.
Correspondence Rule
Since similarity is a correspondence between figures, the vertices in a similarity
statement must be listed in corresponding order.
V
O P
A

H Y
L E

Given: Quadrilateral LOVE ~ Quadrilateral HAPY

Quadrilateral EVOL ~ Quadrilateral YPAH ✓

Quadrilateral LOVE ~ Quadrilateral AHYP ✘
L corresponds to H. Since L was written first in LOVE, H must also be written first.
 Example
Given: Pentagon ABCDE ~ Pentagon RSTUV
C 9 D
x 130º T v U
2 zo
B S 100º
w+2 8
y 6
130º
R 4 V
A 18 E

1. 3. What is the scale factor of Pentagon ACBDE

UV to Pentagon RSTUV?
AE 18 𝟗
=¿ ¿
T
2. C  ___ RV 4 𝟐
 Example
Given: Pentagon ABCDE ~ Pentagon RSTUV
C 9 D
x 130º T v U
2 zo
B S 100º
w+2 8
y 6
130º
R 4 V
A 18 E

4. Determine the values of v, w, x, y, and z.

v=2

w = 34
 Example
Given: Pentagon ABCDE ~ Pentagon RSTUV
C 9 D
x 130º T v U
2 zo
B S 100º
w+2 8
y 6
130º
R 4 V
A 18 E

4. Determine the values of v, w, x, y, and z.

x=9

y = 27 z = 130
 Example
Given: Pentagon ABCDE ~ Pentagon RSTUV
C 9 D
x 130º T v U
2 zo
B S 100º
w+2 8
y 6
130º
R 4 V
A 18 E

5. Determine the perimeter of Pentagon ABCDE and Pentagon

RSTUV.
Perimeter of ABCDE = AB + BC + CD + DE + EA
= 27 + 9 + 9 + 36 + 18 = 99

Perimeter of RSTUV = RS + ST + TU + UV + VR
= 6 + 2 + 2 + 8 + 4 = 22
 Example
Given: Pentagon ABCDE ~ Pentagon RSTUV
C 9 D
x 130º T v U
2 zo
B S 100º
w+2 8
y 6
130º
R 4 V
A 18 E

6. What is the ratio of the perimeters of the two polygons?

Perimeter of ABCDE 99 𝟗
=¿ ¿
Perimeter of RSTUV 22 𝟐
Theorem
If two polygons are similar, then the ratio of their perimeters is the
same as the scale factor of the similarity for the sides.

Given: Pentagon ABCDE ~ Pentagon RSTUV

C 9 D
9 T 2 U
2
B S Perimeter of ABCDE 9
36 8 =¿
27
6 Perimeter of RSTUV 2
R 4 V
A 18 E
SCALE DRAWINGS and BLUEPRINTS
Scale drawings are often used to
represent something that is too large or
too small to be drawn at actual size.

Contractors use scale drawings called

blueprints to represent the floor plan
of a house to be constructed. The
blueprints and the floor plans are
similar.
SCALE DRAWINGS and BLUEPRINTS

Why is a building blueprint

important in the context of
conservation of natural resources
and safety?
TUTORIAL YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/6gLW8LBaw6g
 02
Similar Triangles
Theorems and Postulate that Prove Triangle Similarity
AA Similarity Postulate
If two angles of one triangle are congruent to two angles of another
triangle, then the triangles are similar.

B I

A G P
D

If A  D and B  I, then BAG ~ IDP.

Don’t forget to follow the correspondence rule in writing the similarity statement
SSS Theorem
If the corresponding lengths of sides of two triangles are in
proportion, then the triangles are similar.

follows the scale factor Q

N

3 4 6
2

M O P R
4 8

If , then MNO ~ PQR.

SAS Theorem
If an angle of one triangle is congruent to an angle of another triangle, and
the lengths of the sides including those angles are in proportion, then the
triangles are similar.
H K

3 2

G I J L
9 6

If G  J and , then GHI ~ JKL.

 Example
Determine if the given triangles are similar. If they are similar, identify the postulate
or theorem and write a similarity statement to prove that the triangles are similar.

O A

L
50o
50 o

G
W

AA Similarity Postulate The triangles are similar since

W  G and OLW 
GLA ~ WLO ALG.
 Example
Determine if the given triangles are similar. If they are similar, identify the postulate
or theorem and write a similarity statement to prove that the triangles are similar.

J A
D 60 O

60O
K I
M

SAS Theorem The triangles are similar since K

 A and
DKI ~ MAJ KI KD
=
AJ AM
.
 Example
Determine if the given triangles are similar. If they are similar, identify the postulate
or theorem and write a similarity statement to prove that the triangles are similar.

T
D
20 10
4 2

O G C A
3 15

SSS Theorem The triangles are

similar since
TAC ~ DGO TA AC CT
=
DG GO OD
= .
 Example
Determine if the given triangles are similar. If they are similar, identify the postulate
or theorem and write a similarity statement to prove that the triangles are similar.

D J A

K I
M

Not Similar Only TWO pairs of sides are congruent.

There is no SS Theorem.
due to insufficient information
 Example
Determine the values of x and y.

C
12
E
x y
A 5
3
D
9 B
 Example
Solution: C
12 Note that:
E If ADE  ABC and The angles are
congruent since
x y AEC  ACB, they are CA in
parallel lines cut by
A 5 then ADE ~ ABC a transversal.
by AA Sim. Postulate.
3
D 9 B

AD AE ED AB is 12 since we need to add AD

= = and DB (3 + 9)
AB AC CB while AC is x + 12 since we need to
add AE and EC.
 Example
Solution: C
12 Solving for x:
E
x y
A 5
3 x=4
D 9 B Solving for y:

y = 20
 Example
Determine the values of x and y.

A
65o y+2

8 x+2 D
35o 35o
C 65o
4
3x + 1 y–1
B E
 Example
Solution:

Note that:
If ACB  DCE and
ABC  CDE, then
ACB ~ ECD
by AA Sim. Postulate.

AB BC AC
= =
ED DC EC
 Example
Solution:
Solving for x:

x=3

Solving for y:

y=4
 Application
Mary wants to determine the height a tree by using their shadows.
On a level ground, Mary’s shadow is 2 ft. long while the tree’s
shadow is 7 ft. long. If Mary is 5-ft tall, what is the height of the
tree?
 Application
Mary wants to determine the height a tree by using their shadows. On a level
ground, Mary’s shadow is 2 ft. long while the tree’s shadow is 7 ft. long. If Mary
is 5-ft tall, what is the height of the tree?

Mary’s height Mary’s shadow

=
Tree’s height Tree’s shadow
This solution is possible because we can assume that the sun rays are parallel. This is
safe to assume since the Earth is so far away from the sun, all of its rays are parallel.
http://earthguide.ucsd.edu/eoc/special_topics/teach/sp_climate_change/p_sunlight_parallel.html
 Application
Mary wants to determine the height a tree by using their shadows. On a level
ground, Mary’s shadow is 2 ft. long while the tree’s shadow is 7 ft. long. If Mary
is 5-ft tall, what is the height of the tree?
Mary’s height Mary’s shadow
=
Tree’s height Tree’s shadow

5 2
=
x 7
x = 17.5
The height of the
tree is 17.5 feet.
TUTORIAL VIDEO YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/gcOzJiacc0M

1
TUTORIAL VIDEO YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/YiFwvAFk-xs

2
TUTORIAL VIDEO YouTube Link: https://youtu.be/GZjsyundMMQ

3
 03
Drills
Answer problems on your own and earn
recitation points.
INSTRUCTIONS:
1. Read the instructions carefully and supply what is
being asked.
2. Check your answers using the answers provided in
each item.
3. Give yourself ONE recitation point for each correct
answer.
4. Take note of your total recitation points and update
your PMS.
A. Determine if the given triangles are similar. If they are similar, identify the
postulate or theorem and write a similarity statement to prove that the triangles
are similar.

O A
15 12

6 4
G
W
A. Determine if the given triangles are similar. If they are similar, identify the
postulate or theorem and write a similarity statement to prove that the triangles
are similar.

I T

G S
A. Determine if the given triangles are similar. If they are similar, identify the
postulate or theorem and write a similarity statement to prove that the triangles
are similar.

W
H

15 9

A C
10 T 6
B. Determine the values of x and y.

3y – 5 2(x + 1)
B C
8
y–1 4x – 5
D E
12
 ANSWER KEY
A. Determine if the given triangles are similar. If they are similar, identify the
postulate or theorem and write a similarity statement to prove that the triangles
are similar.

O A
15 12

6 4
G
W

Not Similar There is no scale factor or constant

ratio in the given measures of
sides.
due to sides are not proportional
 ANSWER KEY
A. Determine if the given triangles are similar. If they are similar, identify the
postulate or theorem and write a similarity statement to prove that the triangles
are similar.

FIT ~ FGS
AA Sim. Postulate
I T
The triangles are similar since FIT 
FGS and FTI  FSG.

G S
 ANSWER KEY
A. Determine if the given triangles are similar. If they are similar, identify the
postulate or theorem and write a similarity statement to prove that the triangles
are similar.

W
H
WAT ~ HTC

9
SAS Theorem
15

The triangles are similar since

WAT  HTC and
.
A C
10 T 6
WAT  HTC since they are CA in parallel
lines cut by a transversal.
 ANSWER KEY

B. Determine the values of x and y.

A
Note that:
3y – 5 2(x + 1) If ABC  ADE
and A  A,
B C then ABC ~ ADE
8 by AA Sim. Postulate
y–1 4x – 5
D E
12
BC AC AB
= =
DE AE AD
 ANSWER KEY

Solving for x:
Solution:

x=2
Solving for y:

y=3
 04
Reminders
Lesson requirements and schedule.
 Lesson Requirements and Schedule

Practice Exercise #2 Problem Set #1

Access the Google Forms link and Answer the given worksheet and
submit your responses. submit in PDF format.

Quiz #1 Schedule
A Google Forms link will be posted in our Refer to the calendar posted in our
Google Classroom. Google Classroom.
 Thank you!
Do you have any questions?
Send an email to your teacher. 

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