ASM- SOCIAL SCIENCE

UNIT-IV

2022-23
 SOCIAL SCIENCE
CLASS- VII
(2022- 23)

UNIT-IV

CHAPTER NO NAME
HISTORY
10 th
18 Century Political Formations
POLITICAL SCIENCE
8 A Shirt in the Market
9 Struggles for Equality
GEOGRAPHY
6 Natural Vegetation and Wildlife
 Chapter-8 A Shirt in the Market (Political Science)
Section A
Choose the correct answer:
1. The amount that is left or gained from earnings after deducting all the costs.
a) Profit c) Expenditure
b) Income d) Revenue
2. Weaver’s __________ are one way to reduce the dependence on the merchant and to earn a
higher income for the weavers.
a) Traders
b) Company
c) Cooperatives
d) Partnership
3. Putting out system is prevalent in the__________ industry in most region of India.
a) Ginning
b) Weaving
c) Spinning
d) Irrigation
4. What promise did Swapna make to the traders?
a) To give high rate of interest
b) To work in his shop
c) To sell her all cotton to him
d) None of these
5. Who all gained in the market?
a) Workers in the factory
b) Cotton farmer
c) Weavers
d) Garment exporter
6. Assertion: Weavers cooperative are one way to reduce the dependence on the merchant and to
earn a higher income for the weavers.
Reason: In a weavers cooperative weavers form a group and take up certain activities collectively.
a) Both Assertion and reason are true, and reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
b) Both Assertion and reason are true but reason is not the correct explanation of the
assertion.
c) Assertion is true but reason is false
d) Assertion is false but reason is true.
Section B
1. What are the conditions of work and employment in the garment export factory?
2. What are the demands foreign buyers make on the garment exporters? Why do the garment
exporters agree to these demands?
3. Make a list of people who profit from the market and who do not gain from it.
4. Explain “putting –out system” prevalent in the weaving industry in most parts of India. Also state
the advantages and disadvantages of the system for the weavers.
5. What was the objective of setting up of Weaver’s cooperatives? How the government supports the
cooperatives?

Chapter 9: Struggles for Equality (Political Science)

(ACTIVITY BASED)

The Indian Constitution recognises all Indians as equal before the law and states that no person can be
discriminated against because of their religion, sex, caste or whether they are rich or poor.
Factors why people are treated unequally in India
Some of these factors are:
 1. Poverty and the lack of resources.
2. Discrimination on the basis of a person’s religion, caste and sex.
Struggles for equality
In India, there are several struggles in which people have come together to fight for a variety of issues.
Some of the famous struggles are women’s movement to raise issues of equality, Tawa Matsya Sangh in
Madhya Pradesh etc. Beedi workers, fisherfolk, agricultural labourers, slum dwellers and each group is
struggling for justice, in its own way.
Tawa Matsya Sangh
Tawa Matsya Sangh (TMS) is a federation of Fisherworker’s cooperatives, an organisation fighting for the
rights of the displaced forest dwellers of the Satpura forest in Madhya Pradesh. TMS organised rallies and a
chakka jam (road blockade), demanding their right to continue fishing for their livelihood. In response to
their protests, in 1996, the Madhya Pradesh government decided to give to the people displaced by the
Tawa dam the fishing rights for the reservoir.
The Indian Constitution as a living document
The Indian Constitution recognises the equality of all persons. Movements and struggles for equality in
India continuously refer to the Indian Constitution to make their point about equality and justice for all. By
constantly referring to the Constitution, people use it as a ‘living document’ i.e., something that has real
meaning in our lives.

Read the following case study and answer the questions that follow:

Tawa Matsya Sangh – a federation of Fisherworker’s cooperatives – an organisation fighting for the rights
of the displaced forest dwellers of the Satpura forest in Madhya Pradesh. In Hoshangabad the Tawa dam
began to be built in 1958 and was completed in 1978. It submerged large areas of forest and agricultural
land. The forest dwellers were left with nothing. Some of the displaced people settled around the reservoir
and apart from their meagre farms found a livelihood in fishing. They earned very little. In 1994, the
government gave the rights for fishing in the Tawa reservoir to private contractors. These contractors
drove the local people away and got cheap labour from outside. The contractors began to threaten the
villagers, who did not want to leave, by bringing in hoodlums. The villagers stood united and decided that it
was time to set up an organisation and do something to protect their rights. The newly formed Tawa
Matsya Sangh (TMS) organised rallies and a chakka jam (road blockade), demanding their right to continue
fishing for their livelihood. In response to their protests, the government created a committee to assess the
issue. The committee recommended that fishing rights be granted to the villagers for their livelihood. In
1996, the Madhya Pradesh government decided to give to the people displaced by the Tawa dam the
fishing rights for the reservoir.

DISCUSS THE FOLLOWING-

1. How were the people of Hoshangabad affected by the building of the Tawa dam?
2. Why was the organisation ‘Tawa Matsya Sangh’ organised?
3. Do you think the struggle organised by TMS was a success? How?

Chapter-10 Eighteen Century Political Formations (History)

Section A
Choose the correct answer:
1. He was the founder of Hyderabad state.
a) Sawai Raja Jai Singh
b) Raja Ajit singh
c) Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah
d) Murshid Quli Khan
2. The system introduced by Sikh community for the protection of cultivators.
 a) Rakhi system
b) Chauth
c) Sardeshmukhi
d) Watan jagirs
3. Who were the telugu warrior chiefs?
a) Deshmukhs
b) Nayakas
c) Misls
d) Rajputs
4. Sawai Raja Jai Singh founded his new capital at ------------
a) Malwa
b) Jodhpur
c) Jaipur
d) Amber

Identify the following:

1. He was appointed the subadar of Awadh in 1722.
2. He was appointed as the naib, deputy to the governor of the province of Bengal.
3. The groups that had served under the Mughals but enjoyed considerable autonomy in their watan
jagirs.
4. The system introduced by Sikh community for the protection of cultivators.
5. The powerful warrior families that supported Shivaji.

Section B
1. What were the causes of decline of the Mughal empire?
2. Explain the three groups formed by independent states of the 18th century.
3. How did Asaf Jah gain his position in Hyderabad?
4. Who was the founder of Awadh and how did he decrease the Mughal influence in the State?
5. Discuss the revenue system of Awadh.
6. Who was Murshid Quli Khan? How did he control revenue system in Bengal?
7. Discuss three common features among Hyderabad, Awadh and Bengal.
8. Explain the two kinds of taxes levied in Deccan Peninsula.

Chapter 6: Natural Vegetation and Wild Life (Geography)

(ACTIVITY BASED)
The growth of vegetation depends on temperature and moisture. It also depends on factors like slope and
thickness of soil. The type and thickness of natural vegetation varies from place to place because of the
variation in these factors.
Forests
Tropical Evergreen Forests
Tropical Evergreen forests are also called tropical rainforests. These thick forests occur in the regions near
the equator and close to the tropics. These regions are hot and receive heavy rainfall throughout the year.
As there is no dry season, the trees do not shed their leaves. This is the reason they are called evergreen.
Tropical Deciduous Forests
Tropical deciduous are the monsoon forests found in the large part of India, northern Australia and in
Central America. These regions experience seasonal changes. Trees shed their leaves in the dry season to
conserve water.
Temperate Evergreen Forests
The temperate evergreen forests are located in the mid latitudinal coastal region. They are commonly
found along the eastern margin of the continents, e.g., In south-east USA, South China and in South-East
Brazil. They comprise both hard and softwood trees like oak, pine, eucalyptus, etc.
Temperate Deciduous Forests
Temperate Deciduous forests are found towards higher latitudes. These are found in the north-eastern
part of USA, China, New Zealand, Chile and also found in the coastal regions of Western Europe. They shed
their leaves in the dry season.
Mediterranean Vegetation
The west and south-west margins of the continents are covered with Mediterranean vegetation. It is
mostly found in the areas around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia. Citrus fruits such as
oranges, figs, olives and grapes are commonly cultivated here.
Coniferous Forests
In the higher latitudes of Northern hemisphere, the spectacular Coniferous forests are found. These are
also called Taiga. These forests are also seen in the higher altitudes.
Grasslands
Tropical grasslands: These occur on either side of the equator and extend till the tropics. This vegetation
grows in the areas of moderate to low amount of rainfall. The grass can grow very tall, about 3 to 4 metres
in height. Savannah grasslands of Africa are of this type. Elephants, zebras, giraffes, deer, leopards are
common in tropical grasslands.
Temperate grasslands: These are found in the mid latitudinal zones and in the interior part of the
continents. Usually, grass here is short and nutritious. Wild buffaloes, bisons, antelopes are common in the
temperate region.
Thorny bushes: These are found in the dry desert-like regions. Tropical deserts are located on the western
margins of the continents. The vegetation cover is scarce here because of scanty rain and scorching heat.
In the polar region, the growth of natural vegetation is very limited. Only mosses, lichens and very small
shrubs are found here. It grows during the very short summer. This is called Tundra type of vegetation.

Read the following information and answer the questions that follow:
The conservation of wildlife and natural vegetation is very necessary. Forests provide many types of
wildlife with a suitable environment. The main factors that affect natural or man-made forest cover are
erosion, soil degradation, building construction, forest fires, tsunamis and landslides.
We need biodiversity and wildlife to be protected because
 The only source of ambient oxygen required for our breathing is natural vegetation.
 Natural forest is also the environment of numerous species of wildlife.
 Because of these significant natural vegetation benefits, the protection of natural vegetation is
quite valuable.
DISCUSS THE FOLLOWING-
1. State any four factors affecting natural forests.
2. Why do we need to protect biodiversity and wildlife?