Social science

1. Write short note on Battle of Plassey

Ans:  It is a battle fought between the East India Company
force headed by Robert Clive and Siraj-Ud-Daulah (Nawab
of Bengal). The rampant misuse by EIC officials of trade
privileges infuriated Siraj. The continuing misconduct by EIC
against Siraj-Ud-Daulah led to the battle of Plassey in 1757.
2. Give short account on Tipu Sultan.
Ans: Tipu Sultan (born Sultan Fateh Ali Sahab Tipu, 1
December 1751 – 4 May 1799), also known as the Tiger of
Mysore, was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore based in
South India. He was a pioneer of rocket artillery.
3. Define subsidiary alliance system.
Ans: The Subsidiary Alliance system compelled Indian rulers to
accept the East India Company’s dominance over themselves in
return for the Company’s promises to protect them against others.
The first ruler of the Subsidiary Alliance was the Nizam of Hyderabad
4.Elaborate the new system of justice established by the East India
company
Ans: (i)Each district was to have two courts – a criminal court
( faujdari adalat ) and a civil court (diwani adalat).

(ii)Maulvis and Hindu pandits interpreted Indian laws for the

European district collectors who presided over civil courts.

(iii)The criminal courts were still under a qazi and a mufti but
 under the supervision of the collectors.

(iv)To bring about uniformity, in 1775 eleven pandits were asked

to compile a digest of Hindu laws. By 1778 a code of Muslim laws
was also compiled for the benefit of European judges.

(v)Under the Regulating Act of 1773, a new Supreme Court was

established, while a court of appeal – the Sadar Nizamat Adalat –
was also set up at Calcutta.
4. Define the ideals of Narayana Guru.
Ans: One Caste, One Religion and One God for human beings was
the basic idea of Sri Narayana Guru. He believed that education is
the only path to achieve this. He built temples for the backward
communities as they were denied entry into temples
5. What is Young Bengal Movement.
Ans: The Young Bengal was a group of Bengali free thinkers
emerging from Hindu College, Calcutta. They were also known as
Derozians, after their firebrand teacher at Hindu College, Henry
Louis Vivian Derozio. During 1820’s and late 1830
6. Describe the Self Respect Movement of Periyar.
Ans: The self-respect movement was founded by E.V. Ramaswamy
Naicker, commonly known as Periyar. It was a dynamic social
movement aimed at destroying the contemporary Hindu social
order in its totality and creating a new, rational society without
caste, religion and god.

7. What did Ambedhkar want to achieve through the temple entry

movement
Ans:In 1927, Ambedkar started a temple entry movement, in
which his Mahar caste followers participated. Brahman priests
 were outraged when the Dalits used water from the temple tank.
His aim was to make everyone see the power of caste prejudices
within society.
8. Describe about Swadeshi Movement.
Ans: In response the Swadeshi movement was formally started from
Town Hall at Calcutta on 7 August 1905 to curb foreign goods by
relying on domestic production. Mahatma Gandhi described it as the
soul of swaraj (self-rule).
10.Give short note on Non cooperation movement
Ans: The Non-cooperation movement was based on boycotting the
British Institutes and commodities like government schools,
government offices, courts and foreign goods. During the visit of the
prince of Wales in 1921, people went on hartal and closed their shops in
protest.

11.Who were Moderates?

Ans: Between 1885 to 1907, the Early Nationalists, sometimes known
as the Moderates, were a group of Indian political leaders. Their
appearance signalled the start of India's organised national movement.
Pherozeshah Mehta and Dadabhai Naoroji were two notable moderate
leaders
12. Enlist the reasons for dissatisfaction with British rule intensified
in 1870s and 1880s
Ans:
(i) The Arms Act was passed in 1878, disallowing Indians from possessing
arms. 
(ii) In the same year the Vernacular Press Act was also enacted in an effort
to silence those who were critical of the government. The Act allowed the
government to confiscate the assets of news- papers published anything
that was found objectionable
13. Explain the classification of industries based on ownership
Ans: Based on ownership, industries can be classified as public
sector, private sector, or joint sector. Public industries are owned
and run by the government, whereas private industries are run and
owned by private enterprises. Joint sectors are run as a
collaboration between the government and private parties.
14.Enlist few industrial regions in India.

Ans:
1. Mumbai-Pune Industrial Region 
2. Hugli Industrial Region. 
3. Bangalore-Tamil Nadu Industrial Region 
4. Gujarat Industrial Region 
5. Chotanagpur Industrial Region 
6. Vishakhapatnam-Guntur Industrial Region 
7. Gurgaon-Delhi-Meerut Industrial Region 
8. Kolfam-Thiruvananthapuram Industrial Region. 

15.Give a short note on Jamshedpur.

Ans: Well known as the steel city of India, Jamshedpur derives its name
from its founder Jamshedji Tata who had the vision of a bright future in
making it a well planned industrial city. His son Dorabji Tata set up
India’s first iron and steel company here during the British Raj.
Jamshedpur is also known by its fascinating nicknames of Tatanagar
Steel City or simply Tata.

16. Enlist some industries you heard in nearby location

Ans:

 Match box Industry

 Sugarcane Industry
 Snacks Industry
 Furniture Industry

17. List two Fundamental rights in the Constitution that dalits can
draw upon to insist that they be treated with dignity and as equals.

Ans: Two Fundamental Rights that Dalits can draw upon to insist that
they be treated with dignity and as equals are: Right to Equality and the
Right to Freedom.

18. Give a note on Article 21

Ans: According to Article 21: “Protection of Life and Personal

Liberty: No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except
according to procedure established by law.” This fundamental right is
available to every person, citizens and foreigners alike

19. What are the 3 organs of government?

Ans: Every government has three organs: the Legislature, the

Executive, and the Judiciary. These branches of the government make
laws, ensure their execution and implementation, and interpret them
while upholding the spirit of the Constitution.

20. Give short note on Bhopal tragedy

Ans: The Bhopal disaster occurred when about 45 tons of the gas
methyl isocyanate escaped from a plant owned by a subsidiary of the
U.S.-based Union Carbide Corporation. Investigations later established
that substandard operating and safety procedures at the understaffed
plant had led to the catastrophe.

21. Write on your own about difficulties faced by the workers

Ans: 1) workers working in unorgansied sector get few wages.

2) There is no provision for over time, paid leave, holidays, leave due to
sickness etc. 
3) Employment is a subject to high degree of insecurity. 
4) it is largely outside the control of government
5) The child labor is the most exploited among the employees in an
unorganised sector. 
6) Lastly, the work in the unorgansied sector is not fixed, it depends on
various factor so in search of the job the labourers have to move fromone
place to another. The expensed spent on migration pose a threat to their
livelihood.

22. Mention some innovative way to address water scarcity

Ans: Desalination: Converting salt water into fresh water, is another

way people can solve water scarcity. The process is called desalination,
and it is a huge step towards ending water scarcity. The process may
take a lot of energy to conduct but there are affordable ways to do so.

23. Do you accept spending on education and health by Government

is useful? If yes mention your reasons

Ans: Investments in education and health result in an improved quality

of life for citizens. This will increase the productivity of the workforce.
Improved productivity helps to generate more income.

24.Enumerate the public facilities

Ans: Public Facilities are essential facilities that need to be provided to
everyone. Some of the examples of essential public facilities are given
below:

 Health facilities
 Sanitation facilities
 Educational institutions
 Public transport
 Electricity

25. What do you understand by the term ‘Marginalisation’?

Ans: When a group of people or communities are excluded from the

majority because of their language, customs, or religion, it is called
Marginalisation.

26. Enlist some real incidents of marginalization.

Ans: Examples of marginalization

Denying professional opportunities because of aspects of someone's

identity (racism, sexism, ableism) Not providing equal access to
resources because of someone's identity. Derogatory language or
bullying. Assuming someone got where they are only because they
“check a diversity box”

27. Define population pyramid.

Ans: The population pyramid represents the breakdown of the

population by gender and age at a given point in time. It consists of
two histograms, one for each gender (by convention, men on the left
and women on the right) where the numbers are shown horizontally
and the ages vertically.

28. Define population growth

Ans: The population pyramid represents the breakdown of the
population by gender and age at a given point in time. It consists of
two histograms, one for each gender (by convention, men on the left
and women on the right) where the numbers are shown horizontally
and the ages vertically.

29. What is human recource

Ans: Human Resources (HR) is the department within a business or

organization responsible for managing its employees. HR is
responsible for hiring, firing, and managing employee benefits, payroll,
and other staffing needs.

30. What are the advantages to foreign companies in setting up

production in India?

Ans: Foreign companies gain many advantages in setting up production

in India. Foremost amongst these is cheap labour. The population
boom in India has led to large scale unemployment, as a result, a
worker's worth in India is lesser because one worker can easily replace
another. This also accounts for lower wages.