Qatar

Coordinates: 25°30′N 51°15′E

Qatar (UK: /ˈkætɑːr, ˈkʌt-, ˈɡæt-, ˈɡʌt-, kæˈtɑːr, ɡæ-, kə-/,

US: /ˈkɑːtɑːr, kəˈtɑːr/;[a] Arabic: ‫قطر‬, romanized: Qaṭar State of Qatar
[ˈqɑtˤɑr]; local vernacular pronunciation: ‫( دولة قطر‬Arabic)
[ˈɡɪtˤɑr]), [13][14][15][16] officially the State of Qatar,[b] is a Dawlat Qaṭar
country in West Asia. It occupies the Qatar Peninsula on the
northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in the Middle
East; it shares its sole land border with Saudi Arabia to the
south, with the rest of its territory surrounded by the Persian
Gulf. The Gulf of Bahrain, an inlet of the Persian Gulf,
separates Qatar from nearby Bahrain. The capital is Doha, Flag
Emblem
home to over 80% of the country's inhabitants, and the land
area is mostly made up of flat, low-lying desert. Motto: ‫هللا الوطن الأمير‬
God, Nation, Emir
Qatar has been ruled as a hereditary monarchy by the House
of Thani since Mohammed bin Thani signed a treaty with the Anthem: ‫السلام الأميري‬
British in 1868 that recognised its separate status. Following As-Salām al-ʾAmīrī
"Peace to the Emir"
Ottoman rule, Qatar became a British protectorate in 1916,
and gained independence in 1971. The current emir is Tamim 1:27
bin Hamad Al Thani, who holds nearly all executive and
legislative authority under the Constitution of Qatar, as well as
controlling the judiciary.[17] He appoints the prime minister
and cabinet. The partially-elected Consultative Assembly can
block legislation and has a limited ability to dismiss ministers.

In early 2017, the total population of Qatar was 2.6 million,

with 313,000 of them Qatari citizens and 2.3 million
expatriates.[18] Its official religion is Islam.[19] In terms of
income, the country has the fourth-highest GDP (PPP) per
capita in the world,[20] and the eleventh-highest GNI per
capita (Atlas method).[21] Qatar ranks 42nd in the Human
Development Index, the third-highest HDI in the Arab
world.[22] It is a high-income economy, backed by the world's
third-largest natural gas reserves and oil reserves.[23] Qatar is Location and extent of Qatar (dark
one of the world's largest exporters of liquefied natural gas,[24] green) on the Arabian Peninsula
and the world's largest emitter of carbon dioxide per Capital Doha
capita.[25] and largest city 25°18′N 51°31′E

In the 21st century, Qatar emerged as a middle power in the Official languages Arabic[1]
Arab world through its resource-wealth,[26][27] as well as its Common languages English
globally expanding media group, Al Jazeera Media Network,
and reportedly supporting several rebel groups financially Ethnic groups 40% Arab
(2019)[3]
during the Arab Spring.[28][29][30] Qatar forms part of the Gulf 36% South
Cooperation Council. Qatar is a Dialogue partner of the Asian[2]
Shanghai Cooperation Organization. Qatar's human rights 21% Indian
12.5%
record has been regarded by academics and non-governmental Bangladeshi
organisations as being generally poor, with restrictions on civil 4.5%
liberties such as the freedoms of association, expression and Pakistani
4.3% Sri
Lankan