Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region VII, Central Visayas
Division of Bohol
DISCIPLINES AND IDEAS IN APPLIED SOCIAL SCIENCES
FIRST QUARTER: WEEK 4
Competency :  Describe clientele of counseling (HUMSS_DIASS 12 – Id – 11)
 Illustrate the different processes and methods involved in counselling.
(HUMSS_DIASS 12 – Id – 14)
 Distinguish the needs of individuals, groups, organizations, and communities.
(HUMSS_DIASS 12 – Id – 15)

Reference : PHINMA Southern University Teacher/Facilitator Lesson Plan

Copyright For classroom use only

LESSON 1: Clientele of Counseling

Clientele and Audiences in Counseling:
1. Individual Counseling

This is the most common scenario that we see in movies or read in books. You maybe even watched
one that has this scene. Individual therapy is also known as psychotherapy or counseling. This is a process of a
client interacting one-on-one with a trained therapist in a safe, caring, and confidential environment to explore
their feelings, beliefs, and behaviors. They work through challenging or influential memories, identify the aspect
of life that the client wants to change. This makes the client better understands himself and others, establish
personal goals, and achieve his desired change.

2. Groups and Organizations Counseling

This type of clientele is especially helpful for people who have concerns about their relationships. This
can also be known as “Group Sharing”. Group members share their experiences about loneliness or isolation,
shyness, dependence in relationships, superficial relationships and/or a lack of intimacy, frequent disagreements
with others, discomfort in social situations, difficulty trusting others, being easily hurt or offended, needing a lot
of reassurance from others, and fear of being left or abandoned. The group is usually accompanied by two
counselors to help them with regards to their said experiences.
3. Community Counseling

As we all understand on our previous discussions, it is not only on hospitals can we find counselors. We
can see them almost anywhere and that is our third clientele.
Community counseling services take a wide variety of forms, and that means they may very well
transcend the typical private practice or “doctor’s office” feeling that many people wrongly associate with the
profession. While a large number of community counseling centers are set up in this way, a large number of
community services are offered on location, or in existing health centers with a slightly different focus than the
traditional hospital. Community clientele are the people in the community that need counseling. Just as what
Sienn says, there are common venues for this clientele where counselors are available and ready to help!
ACTIVITY 1
In this activity, you will need to identify the kind of clientele being described. Write I if it is individual
counseling, G for group and C for community.
1. A couple of drug addicted youth.

2. Diego, in the Piitan ng Lungsod ng Laguna.

3. Edna and Jun, retirees of CELCOR.

LESSON 2: Processes and Methods involved in Counselling

THE FOUR STAGES OF COUNSELING PROCESS
1. Identify the Need for Counseling.
Before we start doing something we shall always have our goal and purpose for what we do This applies
as well to counseling. Before a counselor starts working with his counselee, he has to identify first the need for
counseling his client, otherwise the counseling will not work. In this stage, the counselor must first identify the
problem, difficulty, or struggle of the counselee to things that bother him. Some of the examples of the problems
are anxiety, stress, job loss, rehabilitation etc. After identifying the problem, the counselor may move on to the
next stage.
2. Prepare the Counseling.
After successfully achieving the first stage, the counselor may now enter the second phase which is all
about preparing and planning. In every course of action, a person shall be prepared and has plans otherwise he
will have higher chances of failing in his task. This also applies in counseling. The counselor must first plan his
actions for the entire course of counseling. After planning he must prepare all the materials that he needs for the
counseling. He must also prepare himself and the client for the entire counseling to succeed. After preparing and
careful planning the counselor can now move on to the next stage.
3. Conduct Counseling.
This is the stage of counseling that is considered to be the heart of the entire process. In this stage, the
counselor now applies his action plan and his entire preparation. Of course, we all know that there are different
kinds of people, right? And because of that the counselors use different methods and techniques to help himself
and the client to perform the counseling in the easiest, friendliest, and most open process for the therapy to be
successful.
4. Follow Up.
Being in a process to improvement, there is always a need to record the progress. Why do we need to
record the progress of the client? Simply because the counselor needs to assess if his client is not failing the
counseling. Follow up means recording the progress and ensuring that failure never exist in the entire course of
counseling. Another reason for follow up is for the counselor to know whether or not he can help his client or
there is a need to transfer his client to another.
TOOLS IN COUNSELING
1. Individual Counseling - Interview is a give and take of views between the interviewer and the interviewee. It
consists of consultation, mutual interchange of opinions and deliberating together. It can be used to get
information, to give information and to change behavior. Its purpose, is three-fold---it involves gathering all
available pertinent facts, making a diagnosis on the basis of all the evidence and formulating an appropriate plan
of action.
2. Group Counseling - Group counseling is a relatively a new way of working to help people. It’s particularly a
useful way of helping adolescents for whom peer group values are important. The setting group counseling
meets the optimal condition for learning” It is a safe environment; it is an understanding environment; it is a
caring environment; it is a participating environment, and it is an approving environment.”
ACTIVITY 2
Here we go! This is your first activity for today’s lesson. You will be needing to apply the things you
learned so far from our topics in this activity, illustrate the 2nd stage of counseling process by doing a plan.
Below are 2 boxes, each has its own name. Fill out the box by answering the question on it. Give 5 statements
for each box. The results will be your own course of action for Carl, a kid suffering from a broken family. Good
luck!

Step 1. How will you get to know Carl as his Step 2. What will be your plan on helping Carl
counselor? What will you ask him? about coping up with his broken family?

Answer: Answer:
I will tell him to introduce himself to me. 1. I will research on broken family set ups.
I will introduce myself to him. 2.
I will ask him to tell me his problems and how he 3.
feels about it. I will ask him what kind of help does
4.
he want.
5.
I will ask him if he wants me to help him.

The Needs of Individuals, Groups,

LESSON 3:
Organizations, and Communities
Social Justice
Every individual shall have fair access to social justice. Everyone shall be free and have access to all the
fundamental rights like education, human rights, due process, and equal protection clause. There shall be no
person be neglected for everyone has an access to these.
Empowerment
The citizenry, which is basically us, need empowering. "Empowerment is viewed as a process: the
mechanism by which people, organizations, and communities gain mastery over their lives." This is the ability
of the people to ensure their success by doing various activities that guarantee progress and development. This
also covers empowerment of individuals and communities that have been marginalized by society.
Diversity
Since our community is composed of different sets of individuals, people need understand to respect
other people and their ways. Ethnocentrism is no place for a community. We must value and accept other
communities regardless of ethnicity, culture, sexual orientation, disability status, socioeconomic status, gender
and age.
Individual Wellness
Individual wellness is the physical and psychological wellbeing of all people. People is the core of every
society and reaching the goal of making every individual healthy in every aspect is in need of utmost importance
to reach the best productivity and community participation.
Citizen Participation
Citizen participation refers to the ability of individuals to have a voice in decision-making, defining, and
addressing problems, and the distribution of information gathered on them. There are different values of
participation and these are: building support for governmental planning, raising political consciousness, and
furthering democratic values, all of which benefit every single citizen.
Collaboration and Community Strengths
To maximize the potential of community to reach its different goals, there must be a collaboration of
people within the community. Shared knowledge concerning different aspects of societies’ needs, plans, and
necessities including wants and needs, makes the collaboration easy and therefore results to community
strengths.
Sense of Community
Being part of the community and working not just for oneself but rather for the benefit of the entire
community, is an obligation of all the people within a society. Through this, we can be adapted to study and
understand other communities as well, including the workplace, schools, religious communities, communities of
interest, etc. making them better and more developed. This therefore result to a better understanding of our
society.
Empirical Grounding
In order to acquire all the different needs of every individual in a society, requires a great deal of effort.
If the community help one another, there is no way that they cannot achieve the progress they expect of. But,
that does not mean that they may stop once they obtain the said goals. They must continue doing and
experimenting to be not stagnant of the present technology and ways, but rather to continue and still strive for
the best.

ACTIVITY 3

Directions: Identify what kind of need of individuals, groups, organizations, and communities are the statements
below.

1. Since our community is composed of different sets of individuals, people need understand to respect other
people and their ways.
2. It is the physical and psychological well-being of all people.
3. The ability of individuals to have a voice in decision-making, defining, and addressing problems, and the
distribution of information gathered on them.
 ASSESSMENT
1. The social worker must bring the most updated and appropriate knowledge in assisting the client. He or
she must also recognize and address ethical issues and explain their implications to the clients. The
principle that guides social work activities being described is that the social worker should ___________.
A. observe normalization
B. consider the clients’ individual characteristics
C. engage in knowledge- and value-guided practice
D. continuously assess his or he work with the client

2. The issue addressed by individual counselling is _____________.

A. separation from a close friend
B. children traumatized by typhoon
C. irreconcilable differences with a co-worker
D. raising a child with special needs among couples

3. Jane implemented livelihood programs in her community to alleviate the poverty experienced by the
people. The social work’s value shown in the given situation is ______________.
A. integrity B. service C. social justice D. importance of human relationships

4. Counselors can make-up stories to protect the interest of his or her profession. The statement is___.
A. false B. opinionated C. true D. unverifiable

5. A form of therapy which posits that individuals benefit from shared experiences.
A. Community counselling C. Individual counselling
B. Group counselling D. Organization counselling

6. Individual clients are usually those who are handicapped in their ____________.
A. financial B. personal C. social relationships D. all of these

7. Community clients may also refer to senior citizens who need help in making the most out of their
retirement. The statement is __________________.
A. false B. opinionated C. true D. unverifiable

8. Claire helped the informal settlers who migrated from Negros who facing unemployment find jobs.
These clients belong to ______________.
A. communities B. groups or organization C. individual client D. None of the above

9. Social justice as one of the core values in counselling means ______________.

A. no imposition of advices
B. accepting of the diversity of clients
C. reflection of honesty and truthfulness
D. respecting the potential of every human being to change

10. Ben treats each and every patient as unique and respect his problem as well. What principle of
counselling did Ben adhere to?
A. Principle of empathy
B. Principle of acceptance
C. Principle of individuality
D. Principle of non-judgmental attitude