ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY, ISLAMABAD

(Department of Environmental Science)

WARNING
1. PLAGIARISM OR HIRING OF GHOST WRITER(S) FOR SOLVING
THE ASSIGNMENT(S) WILL DEBAR THE STUDENT FROM AWARD
OF DEGREE/CERTIFICATE, IF FOUND AT ANY STAGE.
2. SUBMITTING ASSIGNMENTS BORROWED OR STOLEN FROM
OTHER(S) AS ONE’S OWN WILL BE PENALIZED AS DEFINED IN
“AIOU PLAGIARISM POLICY”.
06 Credit Hours Due Date 03 Credit Hours Due Date
Assignment-1 14-07-2023 09-08-2023
Assignment-1
Assignment-2 09-08-2023
Assignment-3 04-09-2023 29-09-2023
Assignment-2
Assignment-4 29-09-2023
Note: Tutorial Schedule and Rehnama-e-Tulba are available on AIOU website i.e.aiou.edu.pk
Course: Introduction to Environment (1421) Semester: Spring, 2023
Level: BA. Associate Degree
Please read the following instructions for writing your assignments. (SSC, HSSC &
BA Programs)
1. All questions are compulsory and carry equal marks but within a question the
marks are distributed according to its requirements.
Read the question carefully and then answer it according to the requirements of the question.
2.
3. Late submission of assignments will not be accepted.
4. Your own analysis and synthesis will be appreciated.
5. Avoid irrelevant discussion/information and reproducing from books, study guide
or allied material.

Total Marks: 100 Pass Marks (BA): 40

Pass Marks (AD):50
ASSIGNMENT No. 1
(Units 1–4)
Q. 1 a. Define the following terms in your own words. (20)
i. Ecofeminism
ii. Weathering
iii. Green House Effect
iv. Lithosphere
v. Topography
vi. Food Chain
vii. Soil Organic Matter
viii. Fragmentation of Habitat
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 ix. Infiltration
x. Ozone
b. Justify the following Statements: (10)
a. The increase in C02 in atmosphere can result in global warming.
b. Vegetation cover prevents soil erosion.
c. The top layer of soil is usually darker in color.
d. Most of the gases in the atmosphere are concentrated in the lower
atmosphere.
e. A food chain does not exceed more than 3-5 levels.
c. Write down five water conservation practices that you can adopt at
household levels to avoid wastage of water. (5)
d. Draw a well labeled diagram of a Hydrological cycle. (5)

Q. 2 What is the scope of Environmental Sciences as a discipline? What are the major
environmental concerns of Pakistan? (20)
Q. 3 In an ecosystem, organisms extensively interact with each other. Give a detailed
account of positive interactions among the organisms. (20)
Q. 4 With the help of a suitable diagram, explain the Structure of Atmosphere. (20)

Total Marks: 100 Pass Marks (BA): 40

Pass Marks (AD):50
ASSIGNMENT No. 2
(Units 5–8)
Q. 1 a. Differentiate between the following terms: (20)
i. Soil Texture and Soil structure
ii. Weather and climate
iii. Altitude and Latitude
iv. Erosion and Weathering
v. Ecofeminism and Ecocentrism
b. Justify the following Statements (Give Reasons): (10)
a. Fossil Fuels are said to be nonrenewable energy resources.
b. The ozone layer is formed in the stratosphere and not the troposphere.
c. By planting more trees we can reduce the impact of global warming.
d. The water in the oceans is not considered as available water.
e. Natural rain has an acidic pH.
c. Write down five energy conservation practices that you can adopt at
household levels to avoid wastage. (5)
d. Draw a well labeled diagram of a Rock cycle. (5)
Q.2 What is Carbon cycle? Explain with the help of a suitable diagram. (20)

Q.3 How soil is formed? What are the factors influencing soil formation. Explain the

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 soil profile with a suitable diagram. (20)

Q.4 What are the potential threats to biodiversity? Discuss. (20)