INTERNAL THREAT
THREAT TO NATIONAL
SECURITY
“Threat”
• Literally means the expression of an intention
to inflict injury to another.
• Intention - either declared or indicated to
inflict injury.
• Force - or the means with which to carry the
intention.
Threat to National Security
- is defined as an intention, declared or indicated to
jeopardize, prejudice, or in any way endanger by the
use of force.
Classification of Threat to National Security
• The Source
✓ Can either be internal or external.
✓ Internal threat - threat generated
from within the territorial limits of the
country
✓ External threat - A threat from
outside the country
• The Form
✓ Military threat
- is the intention to use military force
to attain objectives.
✓ Non-military threat
- refers to acts, methods, forms, and
techniques designed to weaken or
destroy the military, political,
economic, and social structure of the
nation.
• The Existence
✓ can be either actual or potential.
✓ Potential threat
- literally means existing in possibilities
but not in actuality; becoming as
distinguished from being possible or in
the making.
- intention exists without the force
- merely a possibility
✓ Actual Threat
- force or the means to carry out the
intention.
• Local Communists
✓ Communist Party of the Philippines
(CPP)
- Overthrow the established
government through violent means.
✓ New People’s Army (NPA)
- is the “military arm of the
Communist Party of the Philippines.
✓ CPP/NPA/NDF
- remain to be the most serious
threat to the security of the country as
it sustained its armed struggle to
achieve its ultimate goal of toppling
the government and supplanting it
with a communist form of
government.
• Secessionist Movement
✓ Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF)
- Is composed of people who take
part in complete withdrawal from an
association and/or federation,
especially from a political group.
✓ create an independent Bangsa Moro
comprising the whole or part of
Mindanao, Palawan, Sulu, Basilan, and
Tawi-Tawi.
• Ultra-Rightist Group
✓ This group is composed of former
military personnel, Marcos loyalist,
former politicians, business tycoons
and other big wigs who are critical of
the present set-up of government.
• Superpower Build-up in the Indian Ocean
✓ The proximity of the United States and
Russian forces stationed in the area
could trigger an armed confrontation.
EXTERNAL THREAT
• Maritime Claims/Disputes
✓ The unresolved maritime disputes in
the West Philippine Sea continue to be
a tension and conflict.
• Chinese Naval Presence in the West Philippine
Sea
✓ The increasing presence and build-up
of Chinese Naval forces in the area as
evidenced by their continued naval
patrol along the West Philippine Sea
and their reported construction of a
logistic base at Spratly Island expose
 the country to Chinese political and
intelligence maneuverings.
ANTI & COUNTER
International Terrorism
• involves groups or individuals who are foreign
based or directed by countries or groups
outside the Philippine territory

TERRORISM TERRORIST’S TARGETS

Non-combatant target
The key to defeating terrorists is awareness,
• Persons
education, and intelligence in order to deny,
• Diplomat as symbol of government
deter, delay, and detect terrorist acts.
• business executive as symbol of economic
Terrorism imperialism
• foreign/political leaders
• is the unlawful use of force or violence against
• innocent civilian
individuals or property
Facilities
Terrorist Incident
• Communication facilities/installation
• is a violent act dangerous to human life in
• power plants/lines
violation of the criminal laws of the
• roads, buildings, trees, forests, rivers, bridges,
Philippines
railroads.
Terrorist
Negative Facts
• an individual who uses violence, terror, and
• absence of any conditions, materials, or
intimidation to achieve a result.
objects which might reasonably be expected
Broad Goal on the scene in view of the nature and
circumstances of the incident
• To project uncertainty and instability in
economic, social, and political arenas. STRATEGY TO COMBAT TERRORISM

TERRORIST ACTIVITIES Prediction

• Bombings/Explosive • Combating terrorism requires intensive

• Arson knowledge of the goals, intentions, and
• Skyjacking/Hijacking capabilities of the terrorists.
• Seajacking/Marjacking • Active Intelligence program exploiting military,
• Ambush civilian, and foreign information.
• Kidnapping • Inter-agencies' coordination and corporation
• Hostage-taking Prevention
• Robbery and Extortion
• Assassination • Physical Security
• International Narcotic ✓ preventing unauthorized access to
• Support equipment facilities, materials, and
• Thefts documents in offices, quarters, and
installations.
Domestic Terrorism ✓ regular conduct of physical survey
• involves groups or individuals who are based • Personnel Security
and operate within the territorial jurisdiction ✓ measures taken to reduce the
of the Philippine Island vulnerability of an individual to attack
✓ Awareness and strict compliance with
SOPs is going to high-risk places alone.
✓ Total public cooperation – immediate
reporting of sightings of suspicious
persons and activities.
Deterrence

• Strict and hardline policies/laws against

terrorism
• Sanctions to be imposed on states sponsoring
terrorism.
• Quick and effective tracking worldwide of
terrorists through good inter-agencies
cooperation and coordination