Name : Raysha Salsabila

NIM : 22018156
Class : K5
Subject : Morphology and Syntax

EXERCISE 1
After each word write a number showing how many morphemes it contains.
1. play : 1 morpheme (“play”)
2. replay : 2 morphemes (“re- “and “play”)
3. date : 1 morpheme (“date”)
4. antedate : 3 morphemes (“ante-“, “date”, and “-ed”)
5. hygiene : 2 morphemes (“hygiene”)
6. weak : 1 morpheme (“weak”)
7. weaken : 2 morphemes (“weaken”)
8. man : 1 morpheme (“man”)
9. manly : 2 morphemes (“man” and “-ly”)
10. keep : 1 morpheme (“keep”)
11. keeper : 2 morphemes (“keep” and “-er”)
12. able : 2 morphemes (“able”)
13. unable : 3 morphemes (“un-“, “able”, and “-ed”)
14. mahogany : 3 morphemes (“mahog-“, “an”, and “-y”)
15. rain : 1 morpheme (“rain”)
16. rainy : 2 morphemes (“rain” and “-y”)
17. cheap : 1 morpheme (“cheap”)
18. cheaply : 2 morphemes (“cheap” and “-ly”)
19. Cheaper : 2 morphemes (“cheap” and “-er”)
20. Capsize : 2 morphemes (“cap” and “size”)
EXERCISE 2
Write the meaning of the italicized morphemes.
1. antedate : “ante- “means “before” or “prior to,” so “antedate” means to
date something earlier than the current date or to precede in time.
2. replay : “re- “often indicates “again” or “back,” so “replay” means to
play something again or to repeat.
3. manly : “-ly” is a suffix that can be added to nouns or adjectives to
form adverbs. In this case, “manly” means in a manner that is characteristic of a man or
possessing qualities traditionally associated with men.
4. keeper : “keeper” is a noun referring to someone or something that
keeps, maintains, or takes care of something.
5. unable : “un- “is a prefix that means “not,” so “unable” means not able
or incapable.
6. rainy : “rainy” describes something that is characterized by rain or
related to rain.
7. cheapest : “-est” is a suffix used to form the superlative degree of
adjectives. “Cheapest” means the most inexpensive or lowest in price.
8. inactive : “in- “is a prefix that can mean “not” or “lack of,” so “inactive”
means not active
Or not engaged in action.
9. impossible : “im- “is a prefix that means “not,” so “impossible” means not
possible or unable to be done.
10. malfunction (noun) : “mal-“ is a prefix that means “bad” or “wrong,” so
“malfunction” is a noun referring to a failure or problem in the functioning of something,
indicating that it is not working correctly or as intended.

EXERCISE 3
All but one of the following Persian words consists of more than one morpheme. (Note:
There is no overt morpheme for the third person singular pronoun ‘he’, so the word [xarid]
contains only one morpheme.)
a) [xaridam] ‘I bought’
b) [xaridi] ‘you (sg.) bought’
c) [xarid] ‘(he) bought’
d) [naxaridam]‘I did not buy’
e) [namixaridand] ‘they were not buying’ f) [naxaridim] ‘we did not buy’
g) [mixarid] ‘(he) was buying’
h) [mixaridid] ‘you (pl) were buying’
1) Try to match each of the following notions with a morpheme in the Persian data.
a) I
b) you (sg)
c) we
d) you (pl)
Answer:
a) I – [xaridam]
b) you (sg) – [xaridi]
c) we – [naxaridim]
d) you (pl) – [mixaridid] e) they – [namixaridand]
e) they
f) not
g) was/were + -ing (continuous) h) buy
f) not – [naxaridam], [namixaridand], [naxaridim]
g) was/were + -ing (continuous) – [mixarid], [mixaridid] h) buy – [xarid], [mixarid]
2) How would you say the followings in Persian?
a) They were buying.
b) You (sg) did not buy.
c) You (sg) were buying.
Answer:
Translations into Persian:

a) They were buying. – [namixaridand]

b) b) You (sg) did not buy. – [xaridinam]
c) c) You (sg) were buying. – [xaridi]b