Call – Computer Assisted Language Learning

DEFINITION/MEANING
CALL – Computer Assisted Language Learning
 A method of learning that employs computer and computer-based resources.
 It entails the search for and investigation of applications in language teaching and
learning.
 It is intended to supplement face-to-face language instruction.
HISTORY
CALL's origins and development can be traced back to the 1960s, and it has since
consisted of a symbiotic relationship between technological and pedagogical
development. Its evolution can be broken down into three stages: BEHAVIORIST
CALL, COMMUNICATIVE CALL, AND INTEGRATIVE CALL.
1. Behaviorist Call
 The focuses on creating behavioristic approaches to language learning.

2. Communicative Call
 It focuses on using the language rather than analysis of the language, teaching
grammar implicitly.

3. Integrative/Explorative Call
 Integrating teaching of language skills into tasks or projects to provide direction
and coherence.

ADVANTAGES OF CALL

1. It Caters to the Individual

2. It Promotes Active Interaction and Use of Target Language
3. It Lets Students See Their Progress
4. It Breaks Down Complex Topics into Smaller Pieces
5. It’s Interesting and Engaging

DISADVANTAGES OF CALL

1. It Can Be Expensive
2. It Can Be Difficult for Teachers to Implement
3. CALL Activities Don’t Always Fit the Teacher’s Goals
4. It Can Lead to Isolation Among Students

MALL – Mobile Assisted Language Learning

DEFINITION/MEANING
MALL – Mobile Assisted Language Learning
  A popular learning method that uses smartphones and other devices to facilitate learning
and knowledge acquisition at any time and from any location.
 It employs handheld devices such as mobile phones, portable laptop computers, and other
portable devices.

FUNCTIONS OF MOBILE LEARNING

1. Supplement
Mobile learning can be used as a supplement. It means that students have the freedom to
choose whether or not to use mobile learning. Students who need to access material through
mobile learning can do so. Students will gain more knowledge if they use mobile learning.

2. Complement
When the material is programmed to complete the prior material that students have
received in class, mobile learning serves as a supplement. That is, mobile learning can be used as
reinforcement material for students during the traditional learning process.

3. Substitution
Some universities in advanced countries provide students with a variety of learning
models rather than just one. The goal is for students to be able to organize their activities in a
flexible manner.

VALUES AND AFFORDANCES OF MOBILE-ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING

1. Portability
Due to their small size and weight, mobile technologies can be taken anywhere and at any time of
day. When compared to computers, MALL devices are lighter and more portable, making them
more convenient and practical to use. These devices also allow for the introduction of new
technology both inside and outside of the classroom.

2. The Anytime-Anywhere Advantage

Mobile technologies allow us to learn when and where we want. Mobile learning is ideal for just-
in-time and place learning, as web browsing and applications can deliver instantaneous
information to a learner's fingertips in seconds.

3. Ubiquity
Mobile devices are widely available, and this new wave of technology is rapidly spreading
throughout the world due to the numerous functions that mobile devices provide.

4. Cost
Mobile devices are typically less expensive than computers and laptops, making them more
affordable for people who want to learn a language. This feature contributes to closing the digital
divide.

5. Interaction and Engagement

Learner interaction with teachers, administrators, and peers is facilitated by mobile learning.
MALL has the potential to increase learner engagement because it accommodates different
learning styles and allows learners to participate in learning activities.

6. Motivation
When students use new tools, they become more motivated. Because learners feel safe and
spontaneous, widespread ownership of various mobile devices increases commitment to using
and learning from them.

7. Collaboration
Learners can now work on collaboration with other students thanks to the communication
features of mobile devices. For example, multiple learners in different locations can now
 participate in the same activity. They can now share files, multimedia, apps, and other educational
resources.

8. Assistive Technologies
Learners with disabilities may benefit from mobile technologies. Various innovative technologies
can be incorporated into special educational needs. Despite the fact that mobile learning activities
vary depending on the learner's disability.

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CALL AND MALL

CALL – Computer Assisted Language Learning
It is a computer-assisted language learning method in which teachers use software,
computers, and laptops to facilitate language classes and allow students to interact with their
teachers via computer devices.

MALL – Mobile Assisted Language Learning

It is a mobile-assisted language learning system that uses digital devices to provide
connectivity and portability, allowing knowledge and learning to be brought anywhere and at any
time.