UGONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

1011 C. DE LEON ST. BOUNDARY OF UGONG AND GEN.T DE LEON, VALENZUELA CITY

A PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECT OF SMART PHONE ADDICTION

OF GRADE 8-10 JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN JUSTICE ELIEZER

DELOS SANTOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

A RESEARCH PAPER PRESENTED TO THE

FACULTY OF UGONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

BY

JOANA ROSE L. MATEO

SHENA MAE C. ENOJO

SHELLA MAE C. LLENO

EARL JONES M. NADALA

MICHAELA P. CAYAMPAT

2023
 UGONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
1011 C. DE LEON ST. BOUNDARY OF UGONG AND GEN.T DE LEON, VALENZUELA CITY

CHAPTER 1

THE PROBLEM AND IT’S BACKGROUND

Introduction

Research has been done on smart phone usage and its impact on all students

from so many years. Many studies have been done using different human behavior as

dependent and independent variable. Some researchers examined students's physical

health or educational performance with smart phone addition and others analyze

psychological behavior and social relationships with mobile phone addiction to teenagers.

The use of smartphones and other technologies has been increasing in digitods aged 14–17

years old. To further explain this relationship and explore the gap in research, this paper

will appraise the available evidence regarding the relationship digital technology use and

psychological/emotional outcomes and report on the strength of the associations observed

between these variables. According to the study's findings, the psychological effects of

social media use among students include depression, stress, anxiety, emotional isolation,

low self-esteem, memory loss, and self-harm.

Technology has proliferated society. Although it has many benefits, there are also

risks, particularly for students. Excessive smart phone use can negatively impact the

physical, mental, emotional and social health of students. This can result in pathological

behaviors such as phone addiction. The intent is to increase awareness of issues that may

occur with technology use in teens and students, particularly those from low income
 UGONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
1011 C. DE LEON ST. BOUNDARY OF UGONG AND GEN.T DE LEON, VALENZUELA CITY

households, who report more technology use overall. It has become more advanced in the

modern world and it has become so beneficial for society but there are lots of side effects of

technology when it comes to the field of education. For students, e-learning has a negative

impact physically, mentally, emotionally, socially, and also on health. This can be noticed in

students' behavior such as technology using e-learning becoming an addiction for students

and today's youths. A smart phone is one of most important tools a students need to

communicate with you and experience the world for themselves, so you need to choose the

devise that will be the most effective for them also. Explain to them the dangers of modern

technology to showing them how to use safely their phones.

Statement Of The Problem

The main problem of this study will investigate the possible problem. It will seek to
answer the following questions.

1. What are the profile of respondents in terms of the following?

1.1 age
1.2 gender
1.3 grade Level

2. To what extent are the smart phone addiction to the grade 8-10 junior high school

students in Justice Eliezer Delos Santos National High School.

2.1 depression
2.2 anxiety
 UGONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
1011 C. DE LEON ST. BOUNDARY OF UGONG AND GEN.T DE LEON, VALENZUELA CITY

2.3 sleeping Pattern

2.4 eating Habits

3.What information program may be proposed to help the students who are experiencing

smart phone addiction?

Significance of the study

This study will benefit the following:

Students - It can reduce stress, why? both your brain and your body need to recover from your

day at work. Take time to reconnect with yourself by unplugging from work related technology

after work hours.

Teen/kids - Its advantages include the ability to be avoided or used properly in order to prevent

receiving bogus news or developing mental instability as a result of what is read. The proper use of

a smartphone is also possible, for instance, when conducting research for an assignment or project.

For their own safety, they can also get in touch with their parents.

In General - When someone uses social media on their phone, negative emotions like jealousy,

envy, and unhappiness can arise and fester. It's crucial to stop comparing yourself to others and

instead concentrate on feeling appreciative for what you have. Also, it's a good idea to understand

that what appears on social media is not necessarily an actual reflection of a person's life and that

comparing yourself to others and your posts to them is unhealthy.

 UGONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
1011 C. DE LEON ST. BOUNDARY OF UGONG AND GEN.T DE LEON, VALENZUELA CITY

Scope and Delimitation

The study will look at how students are affected by Technology. Students in Justice
Eliezer Delos Santos National High School will be the main participants in this research
study. The respondents ages will be restricted to those between 14 and 17.
 UGONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
1011 C. DE LEON ST. BOUNDARY OF UGONG AND GEN.T DE LEON, VALENZUELA CITY

CHAPTER 2

THEORETICAL THEORY

Relevant Theory

The study is anchored from the theoretical suppport of the model on the effects of

problematic use of smartphones and the internet by Moretta Et Al. It was suggested to

theoretically integrate smartphone-related problematic behaviors with internet

problematic behaviors as, in this way, behavior can be focused on and not the device itself.

In line with this, the first author who proposed a cognitive-behavioral model of

pathological or problematic internet use (PIU) was Davis. In his model, there are two

components that act: one is distal, namely the individual’s psychopathology, and the other

is proximal, i.e., maladaptive cognitions associated with internet usage. Caplan later

proposed a revision of Davis’ model and included some cognitive/behavioral variables, such

as the preference for online social interactions, related to negative outcomes associated with

internet and smartphone use. Specifically, he found that communicating through a device

reduces the distress triggered by face-to-face social interactions but led to defective self-

regulation. Such poor self-regulation would in turn generate negative consequences in the

lives of people. After this model, Brand et al. proposed that impaired functioning of
 UGONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
1011 C. DE LEON ST. BOUNDARY OF UGONG AND GEN.T DE LEON, VALENZUELA CITY

prefrontal control mechanisms would be associated with defective self-regulation and

coping strategies, which would lead individuals to turn to the online world.

Review Of Related Literature

The smartphone for a long period or continuously might affect a person health.

The person might experience headache and frequent messages and calls lead to

interruption on students concentration and focus on completing their coursework

which will effect negatively on their academic. Study by Samaha and Hawi (2016)

reported that the risk of smartphone addiction can be associated to life satisfaction

via academic performance and perceived stress. It shows that students that achieve

low academic performance will likely experience less life satisfaction and more likely

prone to smartphone addiction. Although academic stress is a well-known risk factor for

students’ depression, little is known about the possible psychological mechanisms

underlying this association. In this study, we investigated the prevalence of depression

and sleep disturbance , examined the relationship between perceived academic stress

and depression, considered if mobile phone addiction and sleep quality is a mediator of

this relationship, and tested if mobile phone addiction and sleep quality together play a

serial mediating role in the influence of perceived academic stress on depression.

Therefore, this study developed and tested a model of teacher-student. Smartphone

addiction has become an urgent problem for the students. Student relationships are

important factors affecting smartphone addiction, but the mechanism is not clear, and
 UGONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
1011 C. DE LEON ST. BOUNDARY OF UGONG AND GEN.T DE LEON, VALENZUELA CITY

the subjects of the most existing studies are primary and secondary school students.

Relationships and smartphone addiction of students. It further investigated the

mediating effect of achievement goal orientation and the moderating effect of

psychological. Smartphone has impacted students life in various areas. Smartphone use

for education purposes introduce students to world of knowledge as students are able

to obtain various information by a click. Smartphone equipped with internet

enabled feature provide students the ability to be connected always and is easier for

them to obtain academic related materials online anytime. Stated the positive impact

of smartphones in education context, it enables society access various learning

resources and provide opportunities for individuals to continue their education by

distance learning.

Conceptual Framework

Depression
Smart Phone Psychological
Addiction Effect Anxiety

Figure 1: Conceptual Framework

Figure 1: Presents the conceptual framework of the study. It consists the two variable,

smart phone addiction as an independent variable and high school students as the

dependent variables.
 UGONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
1011 C. DE LEON ST. BOUNDARY OF UGONG AND GEN.T DE LEON, VALENZUELA CITY

In figure 1: Smart Phone Addiction as independent variables pertains smart phone,

tablet, or computer can be a hugely productive tool, compulsive use of these devices

can interpreter with work, school, and relationships. When you spend more time of

social media or playing games than you do interacting with real people, or you can

stop your self repeatedly checking texts, emails or apps even when it has negative

consequences in your life it may be time to reassess your technology use.

Another variable, psychological effect refers to ability smart phone use can often

be symptomatic of other underlying problems such as stress, anxiety and depression

or loneliness. At the same time, it can also exacerbate these problems. If you use your

smartphone as a “security blanket” to relieve feelings of anxiety, loneliness,

or awkwardness in social situations, for example, you'll succeed only in cutting

yourself off further from people around you. Staring at your phone will deny you the

face-to-face interactions that can help to meaningfully connect you to others, alleviate

anxiety, and boost your mood. In other words, the remedy you're choosing for your

anxiety

Review Of Related Studies

The purpose of this study was to carry out a review of observational studies that

consider links between mobile phone use and mental health from a psychological or

behavioral perspective. Systematic literature searches in PubMed and PsycINFO for

 UGONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
1011 C. DE LEON ST. BOUNDARY OF UGONG AND GEN.T DE LEON, VALENZUELA CITY

articles published until 2017 were done. Exclusion criteria included: papers that

considered radiofrequency fields, attention, safety, relational consequences, sexual

behavior, cyberbullying, and reviews, qualitative, and case or experimental studies.

Hypothesis Of the Study:

SOP:

Is there a significance differences between the students who's using smart phone and the
students that is not using smart phone?

The following null hypothesis was tested in this study:

There is no significant different between the students who's using smart phone and the
students that is not using smart phone.
 UGONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
1011 C. DE LEON ST. BOUNDARY OF UGONG AND GEN.T DE LEON, VALENZUELA CITY

CHAPTER III

METHODS OF RESEARCH

This chapter included the research, research design, population and samples, the

intruments, and statistical treatment that helped the researchers interpret on how to obtain

the data in "Psychological Effect Of smart phone" factors of students in Justice Eliezer

Delos Santos

Methods amd techniques

The researcher will employ the quantitative method and use description design in

determined the effects on psychological of using smart phone to the grade 8-10 in junior

high school students in Justice Eliezer Delos Santos National High School. This method will

use to gather the data varying effect and its undertaken when the investigator is after

probing exploring areas where little is known about the research problem. Also, the bench

marking method, will employ to collect, analyze and summarize the psychological affect of

smart phone. Thus, the descriptive quantitative research design which is quantitative

research methods attempts to collect quantifiable information for statistical analysis of the

population sample.

This data aims to know the extent to which different condition can be obtained among

these studies. It allows the gatherings and collecting of information and statistical anlysis of

numerical to assess the psychological effect of smart phone to Grade 8-10 in junior high

school in Justice Eliezer Delos Santos National High School.

 UGONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
1011 C. DE LEON ST. BOUNDARY OF UGONG AND GEN.T DE LEON, VALENZUELA CITY

Population and Sample

This study will be concluded on the Grade 8-10 junior high school students in Justice

Eliezer Delos Santos National High School during the school year of 2022-2023.

The respondents of the study were the Grade 8-10 junior high school students in Justice

Eliezer Delos Santos National High School as follows.

Number of Students

MALE FEMALE AGE

Instrument of the study

The researcher will use the survey questioner design. Also, use to gather data and

information to identity of the psychological effect of the students in Grade 8-10 junior high

school students in Justice Eliezer Delos Santos National High with the use of table as

shown.

Data Gathering Procedure

Once the permit to conduct the study is granted by the school superintendent, a letter of

request will be forwarded to the principal of the survey questioner. The questioner will be

distributed to the respondents.

Meanwhile, the accomplish survey questioner will be retrieve to ensure the accurancy of
 UGONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
1011 C. DE LEON ST. BOUNDARY OF UGONG AND GEN.T DE LEON, VALENZUELA CITY

responses and a high percentage of retrieval. The results of the study will be analyze

statistically.

Statistical Treatment of Data

The statistical tool to be used to analyze and interpret the results of the study the mean to

determine the psychological effect of smartphone on Grade 8-10 junior high school

students in Justice Eliezer Delos Santos National High School.

1.The mean – This will be use to determine the average of responses to psychological effect
of smart phone in Grade 8-10 junior high school students in Justice Eliezer Delos Santos
National High School.

Mean= N

Where: N- number of responses

 UGONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL
1011 C. DE LEON ST. BOUNDARY OF UGONG AND GEN.T DE LEON, VALENZUELA CITY

QUESTIONER

A.
ALWAYS OFTEN SOMETIMES RARELY NEVER

1. Does your use of

a smartphone boost
or lower your self-
esteem?

2. Do positive or
negative
reinforcements
from your
smartphone cause
you to continue to
use it when you
know you should
stop?

3. Do you lose time

from school because
of your use of a
smartphone?

4. Do you try to
schedule or control
the use of your
smartphone but
find that you really
cannot?

5. Do you feel an
obsessive urge to
use your
smartphone to
escape feelings of
boredom or
loneliness?