Solar Energy Calculation

Calculation and validation of incident solar of Summer Solstice for

Multan City
β=tilt angle=33◦

Latitude =ᵠ =30.1575 N
◦

Longitude= 71.5249◦E

Standard meridian=75◦ E =Lst

Summer solstice =S=23.45◦

Surface azimuth angle = ᵧ =0 ◦

(south facing)

Local Standard time= 12:16 PM

For Summer Solstice =n=172 days

Computing Equation of Time

E=229.2(0.000075+0.001868CosB-0.032077Sin β -0.014615Cos2 β -0.004089Sin2 β)

β =(n-1) 360/365

β =(172-1)* 360/365

β =168.657

E=-1.3246min

Solar Time= Standard Time +49Lst-Lloc)+E

Solar time= 12:16 +4(Lloc-Lst)+E

+12:16=4(71.5249-75)-1.3246

Solar Time=12:16 - _15.225 mim)

Solar Time = 12:00 = Tsolar

Solar Hour Angle

h= pi x (12-Tsolar)/12

h= 3,14 x (12-12)/12

h=0 rad

Solar Elevation Angle / Altitude Angle

Solar ds+ Sin ӨS=CoshCosSCosᶲ+SinSSinᶲ

h=0rad

S=23.45◦

Ө= 30.1575◦

SinӨS= 0.993155

ӨS= 83.29◦