KVPY-2018 (Mathematics)-Stream (SA)

PQ2 + Q2R p + r
=
PQ2 r

 r 
PQ2 =   PR  {PQ2 + Q2R = PR}
r+p
But r < p (given)
1
PQ2< PR
2
Comparison between altitude and angle bisector
 QPQ2+ PQ2Q + PQQ2 = RQQ2 + QQ2R + QRQ2
 PQQ2 = RQQ2 {Since angle bisector}
QPQ2 + PQ2Q = QQ2R + QRQ2
 PQ < QR then QPQ2>QRQ2
Hence QQ2P <QQ2R
But QQ2P + QQ2R = 180°
Hence QQ2P < 90° &QQ2R > 90°
 foot from Q to side PR lies inside PQQ2
 PQ1< PQ2< PQ3

15. (a)
(a –8)2 – (b – 7)2 = 5 (given)
Let a – 8 = x &b –7 = y
 x2 – y2 = 5 {using A2 – B2 = (A – B) (A + B); where A = x, B = y
 (x – y) (x + y) = 5
Cases -
x–y x+y
5 1
1 5
–5 –1
–1 –5
Case I
x–y=5 & x+y=1
on solving
 x=3 & y = –2  a – 8 = x; b – 7 = y
 a–8=3 & b–7 = –2
 a = 11 & b=5
Case II
x–y=1 & x+y=5

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