1. What sources have helped us learn more about the pre-colonial 1.

1. When did Spanish colonization of the Philippines begin?

history of the Philippines? - 1565
- Literary pieces. 2. Who was the first Spanish Governor-General in the Philippines?
2. Before the arrival of the Spaniards, Filipinos had a civilization that - Miguel de Legazpi
partly came from which group of settlers? 3. What is the term used for literature in the Philippines during the
- Malay settlers. Spanish colonial period that can be classified as religious prose
3. What has allowed many customs, traditions, and ways of life to and poetry or secular prose and poetry?
survive in the Philippines despite Westernization and - Colonial literature
modernization? 4. What was the focus of literary themes during the early Spanish
- Their customs, traditions, and ways of life. colonial period in the Philippines?
4. What types of cultural elements affirm the ties between - Religious themes
pre-colonial Filipinos and their Southeast Asian neighbors? 5. What was the first published book in the Philippines, printed in
- Folk speeches, folk songs, folk narratives, indigenous 1593?
rituals, and mimetic dances. - Doctrina Christiana
5. What is the local term for a riddle in Cebuano? 6. Which literary form was the most popular during the Spanish
- Tigma. colonial period and was a long narrative poem about the passion
6. In a riddle, what is central to the challenge it presents to the and death of Christ?
solver? - Pasyon
- Metaphor (talinghaga). 7. What is the term for a dramatization of the passion and death of
7. Why is metaphor (talinghaga) important in riddles? Christ performed during Holy Week?
- It tests one's power of observation and wit. - Senakulo
8. What is the purpose of folk speeches, folk songs, and folk 8. Who is known as the master of traditional Tagalog poetry and is
narratives in pre-colonial Philippine society? famous for the work "Florante at Laura"?
- They serve as a way to preserve and pass on cultural -
knowledge and traditions. 9. Which Filipino writer is known for the first poetry collection in
9. What types of literary pieces existed in most ethnolinguistic Spanish, "Sampaguitas y poesias varias" (1880)?
groups of the Philippines before the colonial period? -
- Folk tales, epics, poems, and marathon chants. 10. Who is famous for the novels "Noli Me Tangere" and "El
10. How were pre-colonial literary pieces passed down from Filibusterismo," which portray the corruption and abuse of
generation to generation? Spanish officials and the clergy?
- Through word of mouth. - Jose Rizal
11. What are Philippine folk tales typically filled with? 11. Which Filipino writer is known as the "mother of Philippine
- Magical characters. women’s literature" and wrote poems in both Ilocano and
12. In Philippine folk tales, what do descriptions of mythical objects, Spanish?
persons, or specific places often entail? - Leona Florentino
- Descriptions of mostly mythical objects, persons, or 12. Who authored a 1704 rendition of the Pasyon, a famous poetic
specific places. narrative of the passion, death, and resurrection of Jesus, which
13. What do epics in pre-colonial Philippine literature often narrate? has circulated in many versions?
- Supernatural events and the bravery of community - Gaspar Aquino de Belen
heroes. 13. What term is used to describe the play on the passion and death
14. What is one of the key themes in pre-colonial Philippine epics? of Christ performed during the holy week?
- The bravery of community heroes. - Senakulo
15. Which term is used to describe a figure who possesses 14. Which Filipino poet and writer had an elevated style that
supernatural abilities in Philippine folk tales? distinguished his work from folk idioms and was known as the
- Supernatural abilities. foremost exponent of the Komedya during his time?
16. What do pre-colonial Philippine folk tales and epics often highlight - Jose de la Cruz
about community heroes? 15. What are the two popular narrative poem forms in Philippine
- Their bravery and heroism. literature that can be sung or chanted?
17. What is the significance of customs and ideologies in Philippine - Awit and Korido
folk tales? 16. What is the title of Jose Rizal's first novel, which is considered a
- They reflect the values and beliefs of the community. classic of Philippine literature?
18. Which Filipino languages have their own terms for riddles? - Noli Me Tangere
- Cebuano (tigma), Tagalog (bugtong), Ilongo (paktakon), 17. Who founded the Katipunan and wrote the poem "Pag-ibig sa
and Bicol (patototdon). Tinubuang Lupa"?
19. What is the primary purpose of a riddle? - Andres Bonifacio
- To present a challenge that requires creative thinking 18. Which book is considered the first published book in the
and problem-solving. Philippines?
20. How do pre-colonial narratives, speeches, and songs contribute to - Doctrina Christiana
preserving the cultural heritage of the Philippines?
- They help preserve the cultural heritage and traditions
of the Philippines.
21. What is the central element in a riddle?
- Metaphor
22. What do Philippine folk tales typically describe? 10
- Supernatural events
23. What do Pre-Colonial epics in the Philippines often narrate?
- The bravery of community heroes