Slide 1: Title

 Title: Fundamental Properties of Atoms

 Subtitle: Atomic Number and Atomic Mass

Slide 2: Introduction to Atoms

 Atoms are the fundamental building blocks of all matter and consist of a nucleus
(center) containing protons and neutrons, surrounded by electrons in electron
shells.

Important Figures:
Isotopes:
 Atoms of the same element can have different numbers of neutrons, leading to
isotopes.
 Isotopes have the same atomic number but different atomic masses.
 For example, carbon-12 (12C) and carbon-14 (14C) are isotopes of carbon.

Periodic Table:
 The periodic table organizes elements by increasing atomic number.
 Elements in the same column (group) share similar chemical properties due to
their electron configurations.

Periodic Trends:
 Atomic number affects periodic trends like atomic size, ionization energy, and
electronegativity.
 As you move across a period (from left to right), atomic number and protons
increase, impacting these trends.

Slide 3: Atomic Number

 Atomic Number is defined as the number of protons found in the nucleus of an
atom. It's represented by the symbol "Z".
 This property is crucial for identifying elements because each element on the
periodic table has a unique atomic number. For example, Hydrogen has an atomic
number of 1, and Oxygen has an atomic number of 8. Knowing the atomic number
allows scientists to distinguish one element from another.

Slide 4: How to Find Atomic Number

 To find the Atomic Number on the Periodic Table, you simply look at the whole
numbers listed above each element's symbol. These whole numbers are the atomic
numbers.
 For instance, Hydrogen (H), the first element, has an atomic number of 1, while
Oxygen (O), the eighth element, has an atomic number of 8

Slide 5: Atomic Mass

  Atomic Mass refers to the average mass of the atoms in a naturally occurring
sample of an element. It's represented by the symbol "A".
 In the context of chemistry, Atomic Mass is essential because it helps chemists
understand how much of a substance they have and how it will behave in chemical
reactions.

Slide 6: Atomic Mass Unit (AMU)

 Atomic Mass Unit (AMU) is a unit used to measure the mass of atoms. It's defined
relative to the mass of a carbon-12 atom, where 1 AMU is equal to 1/12th the
mass of a carbon-12 atom.
 This relationship between AMU and Atomic Mass (A) allows scientists to express
atomic masses in a convenient unit for atomic-scale calculations.

Slide 7: Determining Atomic Mass

 Determining Atomic Mass involves calculating a weighted average of the masses
of an element's naturally occurring isotopes, where the weights are the relative
abundances of each isotope.
 For example, Chlorine has two common isotopes, Chlorine-35 and Chlorine-37,
with different masses and abundances. To find the atomic mass of Chlorine, you'd
use a weighted average calculation.

Measuring Atomic Mass

 Atomic Mass Unit (AMU): The unit for measuring atom mass.
 Definition: 1/12th the mass of a carbon-12 atom, approximately 1.66 x 10^-24
grams.
 Components: Atomic mass combines nucleus and electron masses.
 Note: AMU isn't exactly the same as proton or neutron mass.

Calculating Atomic Mass:

 To calculate atomic mass, multiply the mass of each isotope by its relative
abundance, then sum the results.
 Atomic mass = (Isotope1 mass × Abundance1) + (Isotope2 mass × Abundance2) +
...

Slide 8: Atomic Number vs. Atomic Mass

 Atomic Number represents the count of protons in an atom, providing the
element's identity.
 Atomic Mass represents the average mass of an atom in a sample. It's influenced
by the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in an atom.
 These two properties serve different roles in element identification: Atomic
Number identifies the element itself, while Atomic Mass helps quantify and
predict the behavior of a substance in chemical reactions.
Simplified Ver. of Atomic Mass vs. Mass Number:
 Atomic mass is a weighted average of all the naturally occurring isotopes of an
element.
 Mass number (A) is the sum of protons and neutrons in a specific isotope.

Slide 9: Real-world Applications

 Atomic Number and Atomic Mass have numerous real-world applications.
For instance:
 In chemical reactions, Atomic Number helps predict how elements will
combine and form compounds.
 In nuclear medicine, understanding isotopes with specific Atomic Numbers
is crucial for diagnostics and treatments.
 In isotopic dating, scientists use the ratios of isotopes with different Atomic
Masses to determine the age of geological and archaeological samples.

Slide 10: Conclusion

 Summarization of Key Points:
 Atomic number and atomic mass are fundamental properties of atoms.
 They play a key role in understanding the structure, behavior, and classification of
elements.
 Remember, atomic number defines the element, while atomic mass provides
insights into its isotopic composition. These concepts are essential for chemistry
and our understanding of the natural world.