Observation of preformation occurs ; 18th
Century
When Aristotle considered the development of
animals and plants, he noticed two concepts called
preformation and epigenesis. Preformation suggests
that an animal or plant is already present in a tiny
form within a sperm or another cell, and it will
grow into its full size when appropriately triggered.
First microscope is created ; November 6, 1590
Zacharias Janssen invents the initial compound
microscope, enabling the observation of cells.
Discrete gasses are recognized ; November 10,
1640
Discrete gasses were identified by Jon Baptist van
Helmont. He discovered carbon dioxide.
Cells are identified ; November 6, 1665
Robert Hooke observed cells when examining a
cork under a microscope. He was the first person to
refer to tiny formations as "cells."
Rejecting the theory of spontaneous creation ;
November 7, 1668
Francesco Redi conducted an experiment to
determine whether rotting meat could transform
into flies. In order to refute the hypothesis of
spontaneous generation, he found that only flies
could reproduce.
Viewing several kinds of cell under a
microscope ; November 7, 1674
Using a microscope, Anton Van Leeuwenhoek saw
pond creatures, bacteria, and blood cells.
The existence of a life force in all inorganic
things is theorized ; November 7, 1745
In a broth that had been exposed to the air, John
Needham found that there were microbes present.
He postulated the existence of a life force that
might trigger spontaneous production in all
inorganic materials, including air and oxygen
Microorganisms enter soup through the air ;
November 7, 1765
The microorganisms that arose in the broth that
was exposed to the air were not present in soup that
was kept sealed, according to Lazzaro Spallanzani.
He came to the conclusion that airborne
microorganisms enter the broth.
Cells are the building blocks of all living
things ; November 10, 1805
Cells are the building blocks of all living things,
according to Lorenz Oken.
A cell's nucleus is discovered ; November 7,
1831
Robert Brown finds the cell's nucleus. He
emphasizes how crucial it is for fertilization.
Cell theory is developed ; November 7, 1839
Cell theory is developed by Matthias Schleiden and
Theodor Schwann. According to the notion, every
living entity is composed of one or more cells. In
order to definitively refute spontaneous genesis,
Schwann undertakes tests.
Sperm and eggs are also cells ; November 10,
1840
Sperm and eggs are also cells, according to Albrecht
von Roelliker.
“Cellula e cellula” is written and published ;
November 10, 1855
Rudolf Virchow writes and publishes his aphorism
omnis "cellula e cellula". This means every cell stems
from another cell. He theorized that all forms of
disease come from changes in normal cells
Gregor Mendel conducts experiments with pea
plants ; November 10, 1856
Because of his work identifying genetic information
in peas, Mendel became recognized as the father of
genetics.
Virchow supports the idea that cell division
contributes to disease ; November 10, 1857
Cell division and its involvement in disease are
strongly supported by Rudolf Virchow.
The publication of The Origin of Species ;
November 10, 1859
The Origin of Species, written and published by
Charles Darwin, describes heredity and the
differences between various species.
Germ theory of disease is proven ; November
10, 1881
Pasteur, a French scientist and biologist, developed
the pasteurization technique and established the
germ hypothesis of disease.
Walter Feming uses dyes to stain cells ;
November 10, 1882
He discovers rods inside these cells, which he refers
to as chromosomes.