A Detailed Lesson Plan

Grade Level: Grade 7

Subject: Science

Date:

I. Objective
At the end of the 60 minutes lesson, 85% of the students are expected to do the following
with 90% level of proficiency.
a. Learn to identify the two factors of ecosystem the biotic and abiotic factors.
b. Identify which of the things found in the environment are biotic and abiotic.
c. Learn how biotic and abiotic factors interact.
d. Share ideas on the benefits that we get from the ecosystem.

II. Subject Matter

Topic: The biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem

Reference: Science and Technology 7 by Lilia M. Rabago, pp. 154-157
Copyright Vibal Publishing House Inc.
Materials: book, visual aid, and chalks.

III. Learning Procedure

Teacher’s Activities Student’s Activities

a. Elicit (Access prior knowledge)
Good morning class! Good morning ma’am!
So before we start please arrange your chairs and pick up those paper (Students arrange their chair and
on the floor. pick up some paper on the floor)

Okay class that’s enough. So who wants to lead the prayer? (Students raise their hands)

Okay ______ please lead the prayer. (_____ lead the prayer)

So thank you _______, you may take your sit.

Student we are going to start a new lesson today and after this day Yes ma’am.
you’re going to answer a few question related to our topic so please
listen very carefully and understand okay?
b. Engage (Get the students’ minds focus on the topic (short
question or picture)
So before we start our lesson I prepared some interesting game. Yes ma’am!
Student are you familiar with game called pass the marker?
Okay so create 2 groups and line up in front of the board.
Each group will receiving words from me.

So, starting from the last person in the line, he/she whisper the words
that I’ve been given to the person next to him/her until the message
reach the first person in front of board and he/she write the message
on the board.

The first student who can write the word on the board and spell it
correctly will be the winner. Understood? Yes ma’am!

I will give you three minutes to finish this game. Your three minutes
starts now! (the students begins to play)

Students time is up! Now go back to your proper sit.

The group two finished the game first. Let me check if they really write
and spell the word that I’ve been given correctly.

Answer: Living things and nonliving things.

The group two wins. Let’s give them around of applause.

Here is your rewards. (Students clap)
Yes! Thank you ma’am .
c. Explore (Provide students with a common experience).
Okay same group. Let’s have another activity.

So, in this activity I’m going to ask a three question and I’ll be giving
you only two choices. Choose different members to answer every
question.

Rules:
No using gadget
No cheating

The group that has many points will be the winner. Understood?
Yes ma’am!
Given choices:
Biotic factors
Abiotic factors

First Question:
_______ are the nonliving components of an ecosystem. (______ group one member raise
her hand)
Okay _______ what is your answer?
That’s correct! Group one got one point. Ma’am the answer is abiotic
factors.
Answer: Abiotic factors.
Second question:
_______ are the living organisms in an ecosystem. (_______ group two member raise
his hand)
Okay _______ what is your answer?
Ma’am I think the answer is biotic
Answer: Biotic factors factors.

That’s correct! So both group has a equal point. Who do you think will
be the group winner in this activity? (Students yell, group one! group
two!)
Quiet! So let’s see. This is the last question.

What factors include bacteria, and protists?

(______ group one member raise
Yes _______, what is your answer? her hand)

Answer: Biotic factors Ma’am the answer is biotic factors

Okay that’s correct! So, we have our winner and the winner for this (Students clap)
activity was group one. Let’s give them around of applause.

Yes ______ why are you raising your hand? (_____ raise his hand)

Ma’am I think our topic for today is

Very good _______ that’s right! about biotic and abiotic
components of an ecosystem.

d. Explain (Teach the concept. Should include interaction

between teacher and students.)
For today’s lesson we will be discussing about biotic and abiotic
components of an ecosystem.

So first can you give me some example of biotic and abiotic factors? (Students raise their hands)

Ma’am for biotic factors it include

Very good! animals, plants and fungi while the
abiotic factors include water, soil
and air.
So now let’s discuss what is the components of ecosystem.

We all know that life Science has a many different levels. It can study
small things like cells and even a big things like group of animals. It can
also study the biosphere, which is any area in which organisms live.
Biosphere is part of ecology, the study of how living organisms interact
with each other and with their environment.

We all know that organisms have the ability to grow and reproduce.
Organisms must get materials and energy from the environment to
grow and to reproduce. We all know that all plants can obtain their
energy from the sun through photosynthesis, and animals can their
energy from other organisms. Either way, these plants and animals, as
well as the bacteria and fungi, are constantly interacting with other
species as well as the non-living parts of their ecosystem.

So again what are the two factors of ecosystem? (Students raise their hands)

Very good that’s correct! Base on our activity earlier the two
factors of ecosystem are biotic and
abiotic factors.
An organism’s environment includes two types of factors:

1. Abiotic factors refer to non-living physical and chemical elements

in the ecosystem. Abiotic resources are usually obtained from the
lithosphere, atmosphere, and hydrosphere. Abiotic factors are the
parts of the environment that are not living, such as sunlight,
climate, soil, water, and air.

2. Biotic factors are living or once-living organisms in the ecosystem.

These are obtained from the biosphere and are capable of
reproduction. Biotic factors are the parts of the environment that
are alive, or were alive and then died, such as plants, animals, and
their remains. Biotic factors also include bacteria, fungi and
protists.

It is a branch of biology that study the interaction between biotic and (Students raise their hands)
abiotic factors?

Yes _____ what is your answer? Ma’am my answer is ecology

because as far as I know ecology
study of how organisms interact
That’s correct! with one another and with their
physical environment.

Ecology studies the interactions between biotic factors, such as

organisms like plants and animals, and abiotic factors. For example, all
animals (biotic factors) breathe in oxygen (abiotic factor). All plants
(biotic factor) absorb carbon dioxide (abiotic factor) and need water
(abiotic factor) to survive.

Ecological relationships exist because of niches. A niche is an

organism’s role in an ecosystem. A niche includes the physical space
an organism occupies and how that organism interacts with other
organisms in that space. A niche is also determined by the place the
organism has in the food chain.
Yes ma’am .
Student are you still listening.
(Students raise their hands)
So good, again how ecological relationship exist?

Yes _________. Because of niches ma’am.

Very good.
Now we are going to know the types of ecological relationships. There
are five types of ecological relationships. Competition it is the contest
between organisms for food, space, mates and other resources.
Predation it is when one organism feeds on another organism.
Commensalism, mutualism and parasitism this are the other types of
ecological relationships as well.

So again what are the five types of ecological relationships?

Okay _________ please stand up. (Students raise their hands)

Very good! I’m so happy class that you are still listening to me. Competition, Predation,
Commensalism, Mutualism and
Parasitism ma’am.
So, those five mentioned relationships are forms of symbiosis.
Symbiosis is a close and long term interaction between organisms.
e. Elaborate (Students apply the information learned.)
I hope everyone learned about our discussion today. I have a bowl of
knowledge here and I’m going to pick a name here in my other bowl to Yes ma’am.
answer my question understood?

Please stand up ________. So here is the question.

So what are the basic components of ecosystem? Ma’am according to our topic today
I understand that the basic
Very good _____ please take your sit. components of an ecosystem are
the biotic and abiotic factors.
Next one please stand up _________.

How do the biotic and abiotic components of an ecosystem interact? Ma’am, because they both benefits
from each other. For example:
Sunlight provides energy that
plants utilize to grow, which
What a great answer comes from my students well that’s right _____. ultimately holds up the whole
biotic community of an ecosystem.
Air also interacts with plants,
helping them grow by providing a
source of carbon (CO2) and other
nutrients.
Here is the last question for _______. Okay please stand up.

Do you agree that without abiotic factors, all biotic factors can’t Yes ma’am, because biotic can’t
survive? Explain. stand by itself. A biotic factor is a
living thing that has an impact on
another population of living things
or on the environment. Abiotic
factors do the same thing, but they
That’s correct! Very good explanation please take your sit. are non-living. Together, biotic and
abiotic factors make up an
I’m so happy now class because it seems like you’ve listened and ecosystem. To survive, biotic
learned a lot from me. factors need abiotic factors.

Do you have any question class?

None ma’am.
f. Evaluate (How will you know the students have learned the
concept.)
Quiz: ½ crosswise
Direction: Write the letter of your answer.

1. A feeding relationship where one organism hunts and one is

hunted.
a. Commensalism
b. Decomposition
c. Mutualism
d. Predator-Prey

2. An animal that feeds on what another animal has killed is

known as a:
a. Decomposer
b. Mutualist
c. Parasite
d. Scavenger

3. The organism that is hunted and eaten in a particular feeding

relationship is known as:
a. Autotroph
b. Decomposer
c. Predator
d. Prey

4. What is the term used to describe ALL of the populations of

ALL the species of living organisms within a particular habitat?
a. Community
b. Ecosystem
c. Habitat
 d. Wildlife

5. A relationship that describe a close interaction between two

different species is known as what?
a. Biodiversity
b. Emigration
c. Predation
d. Symbiosis
6. This term describes a consumer that feeds only on other
consumers – in other words, the ‘opposite’ of vegan…
a. Autotroph
b. Carnivore
c. Mutualism
d. Niche

7. What would you call an ecological symbiotic relationship that

is helpful to both organisms involved?
a. Habitat
b. Niche
c. Mutualism
d. Parasitism

8. This is known as a relationship in which one organism benefits,

while the other is unaffected.
a. Commensalism
b. Immigration
c. Mutualism
d. Parasitism

9. This is known as a relationship in which both organisms

involved benefit.
a. Commensalism
b. Decomposition
c. Mutualism
d. Predator-Prey

10. This animal that hunts and consumes other organisms is

known as a:
a. Commensalism
b. Decomposer
c. Predator
d. Prey

g. Extend (Deepen conceptual understanding through use in new

context.)
Assignment:
Make an advance reading about ecological relationships (symbiotic
and non-symbiotic) and transfer of energy through trophic levels to be
discussed next meeting.