METHODOLOGY

This chapter presented the methodology of the study. It includes the research
design, locale of the study, the respondent of the study, sample size and sampling
techniques, research instruments used, data gathering procedures, validation of
instrument, the statistical treatment for the analysis and interpretation of the data
gathered, and ethical consideration.
Research Design
The study used descriptive method design, to describe characteristics of a
population of being studied that will determine the quantitative research analysis on the
factors affecting speaking skills of the students.
Locale of the Study
The research study will be conducted inside the premises of Cotabato State
University (CotSU) located at Sinsuat Avenue, Cotabato City, Philippines.
Respondent of the Study
The respondent of this study will be the 1 st year college students particularly in
Bachelor of Secondary Education major in English that currently study in Cotabato State
University (CotSU) and are officially enrolled for academic year 2022-2023.
Sample Size and Sampling Technique
The study will take 40 1st year college students of Bachelor of Secondary
Education Major in English as the sample and will be selected through the use of
Simple Random Sampling. In selecting the sample, the researcher will not consider the
mental capacities; they will be selected based on chances and availability of the
respondents.
Research Instrument
The research will employ the use of constructed survey-checklist survey
questionnaires. The survey-checklist contains two parts; the demographic profile of the
respondents’ and the questions determined the impact of multilingualism on cognitive
development of the students.
Data Gathering Procedure/Administration of Instrument
For the data gathering we will be administrating the checklist-survey
questionnaire, the researcher made a process first, the researcher made and sent a
communication letter to the administration of Cotabato State University (CotSU) and
asked a permission to conduct a survey for the chosen respondent. After which, another
letter was sent to the teacher to know what is the population of the multilingual students
they are handling. Subsequently, the researcher will distribute copies of the survey
checklist to the Selected Second Year Student of Bachelor of Secondary Education
major in English.
Validation of Instrument
The constructed survey-checklist questionnaire is subject to the validation of the
instrument.
Statistical Tool/Data Analysis
The gathered data will be analyzed and interpreted through the use of descriptive
statistic. The frequency and percentage will be used to analyze the profile of the
respondents. By the means and standard deviation to analyze and determined the
impact of multilingualism on the cognitive development of the students.
The following ranges of means were used to determine the impact of
multilingualism on cognitive development of the students.
Range scale Description

4.50 above 5 Strongly agree

3.50 – 4.49 4 Agree
2.50 – 3.49 3 Moderately agree
1.50 – 2.49 2 Disagree
Below 1.50 1 Strongly disagree
Weighted mean used to measure the general response of survey sample
whether they agree with a given statement.
The formula in computing the weighted mean follows:
f- weight is given to each response
x- a number of response
fx- total number of respondents
Where,
Wm= ∑fx
N
Wm- Weighted mean
f- frequency of score
x- raw score
N- Total number of the respondent
Ethical Consideration
The researcher will apply the principles of ethical considerations developed by
Bryman and Bell (2007). In regards to the involvement to this study, the participants will
not be subjected to harm in any ways. Prior to the study, full consent will be obtained
from the participants, the students and teachers of Cotabato State University. In
addition, the protection of the privacy of research selected participants will be ensured.
Voluntary Participation of respondents in the research will be treated very important.
Moreover, they have rights to withdraw from the study at any stage if they wish to do so.
In handling the data, adequate level of confidentiality will be ensured. Any form of
misleading information, as well as representation of primary data findings in a biased
way will be avoided.
Further, the researchers will record and tabulate all the data in a professional
way. This is to provide genuine results for the research without any manipulation.
Besides that, the researcher will get permission from the school authority to conduct our
research with selected students of BSED major in English. There is a need to inform the
students' parents about their children's participation in the research conducted. This will
be done by providing a letter of permission to the parents and school board.