CHAPTER II

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study is designed as a quantitative analysis, aiming to determine and

understand the relationship between clean home environment and learner’s

academic performances in Barangay Tetuan, Zamboanga City. Researchers

employ correlational research designs to define and measure the degree of

association between two or more variables or sets of scores. When we want to

see if there is a correlation between variables or predict a result (Creswell, 2012).

This research employs the quantitative - non-experimental design utilizing

correlational technique. Quantitative research design is a formal, objective,

systematic process in which numerical data are used to obtain information about

the variables. It is used to describe and examine relationships between and

among variables (Lamar, 2005). Correlational research is a quantitative method

of research in which you have two or more quantitative variables from the same

group of subjects. This design will be used since the main purpose of the study is

to determine on how the clean environment affects the learning academic

performances of students in Barangay Tetuan, Zamboanga City.

Research Locale
 The study took place mostly in Barangay Tetuan located in the City of

Zamboanga, Philippines 7000.

This study will be conducted virtually through face-to-face survey

questionnaires which will be disseminated by the researchers. This will be

specifically for students from Tetuan who are enrolled during 1st and 2nd

semesters of school year 2022-2023.

Population and Sampling Design

The researcher used a total of thirty respondents in the study. The

samples were stratified into three categories namely; students with good living

conditions, students with poor living conditions, and students who neutral living

conditions

To collect and gather these student participants, a simple random

sampling technique was applied. The breakdown of participants is shown in

Table 1.

Table 1: Distribution of respondents

Living Status Sample drawn from the population

Students with good living conditions 10

Students with neutral living conditions 10

Students with poor living conditions 10

 Total: 30

Research Instruments

The research instrument will consist of a structured questionnaire

designed to gather data on the cleanliness and organization of the home

environment, as well as the academic performance of the learners. The

questionnaire will be divided into three sections

Section 1: Demographic Information

Gender: Male / Female

Age: ________
Grade Level: ________
How many siblings do you have? ________
Do you have a separate study area at home? Yes / No
If yes, describe your study area: ___________________________

How often does your family engage in cleaning activities at home?

Daily / Weekly / Monthly / Rarely

Do you feel distracted by clutter or mess in your home during study time?

Yes / No

Section 2: Clean Home Environment

Please rate the following statements based on your household environment
using a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 represents strongly disagree and 5 represents
strongly agree.

1- 2- 3 - Neutral 4 - Agree 5-
Strongly Disagree Strongly
disagree agree
The
cleanliness
of my home
environment
is maintained
regularly.

There is a
designated
area in my
home for
storing
school
supplies and
materials.

The noise
level in my
home is
minimal
during study
time.

My home
provides a
conducive
atmosphere
for studying.

Section 3: Student’s Behavior

1- 2- 3 - Neutral 4 - Agree 5-
Strongly Disagree Strongly
Disagree Agree

Overall
academic
performance
Ability to
concentrate
and focus
during
classes and
study
sessions

Completion
of homework
and
assignments
on time

Performance
in
examinations
and tests

Please indicate your current academic performance based on the following

criteria using a scale of 1 to 5, where 1 represents poor performance and 5
represents excellent performance.

Data Gathering Tool

The researchers used a variety of techniques and equipment to collect

data on the academic performance and household cleanliness of students from

Tetuan, Zamboanga City.

Survey-Questionnaire - This was the primary method of data collection in

this study. The researchers were conscious of the tool's inherent shortcomings,

which included the installation of values of sincerity and truthfulness alongside

the survey.
 The researchers created the survey questionnaire for this study, and the

tool was evaluated by an expert adviser. When at least two of the experts rated

an item as appropriate for the variables under study and it was judged

appropriate.

Validity and Reliability of the Instrument

In order to find valid and trustworthy results in performing this research

study, this research has passed a number of reviews in terms of methodology

and validity ethics, as well as the reliability measurement instrument.

The thesis adviser and subject instructor analyzed and approved the

questionnaire's reliability and validity, with validators analyzing and confirming

the questionnaire's reliability and validity. Cronbach's Alpha was employed by the

researchers to quantify and estimate the internal consistency or average

correlation of the items in the survey instrument in order to assess its reliability.

Ethical Consideration

The researchers maintained the utmost secrecy in handling any subject

material because human beings were included as responders, the researchers

followed fundamental ethical standards in research during the study's conduct.

The respondents were neither physically nor psychologically harmed. The

assumptions of keeping the identity and conclusions of the study anonymous

strictly adhered too. Respondents asked to sign a permission form to confirm that

their participation in the study was entirely voluntary. The researchers recognized

that the participants have the right to make decisions based on their values and

beliefs, thus they gave complete autonomy. To guarantee that the

aforementioned ethical principles are properly addressed, a number of members

of the Ethics Review Committee presented as members of the panel during the

research defense. Moreover, this study used informed consent, which seeks to

provide enough information to a possible participant in a language that he or she

can understand, so that he or she can make an informed decision about whether

or not to join in the research study. It allowed potential research participants to

freely volunteer their involvement in the study without fear of reprisal or

excessive pressure.

Data Gathering Procedure

A letter of request to conduct the study was prepared. The researcher

created a questionnaire checklist, had it approved by the subject professor, and

then distributed the checklists. The researcher conducts the research in Tetuan,

Zamboanga City through survey, because of the advantages of this survey

method. The respondent's value to the study is explained by the researcher. The

researcher explains certain phrases to the respondents so that they can

complete the questionnaire fully aware of their role as the study's subject. The

respondents were asked to answer completely truthfully by the researcher.

 Each respondent was furnished a set of instruments with the appropriate

instruction for accomplishment. The questionnaire was distributed through an

online process and researchers used Google forms in interpreting and handling

the survey questionnaires to the respondents with the assistance of the adviser

and teachers. After gathering, the data was processed using SPSS for the data

analysis and these were analyzed and interpreted by the researcher. To ensure

participants anonymity, they will have the option to not use their names.

Statistical Tools

The following statistical tools were used in the study to treat the data and

interpret it:

Simple Random Sampling, this approach was used to get the total

number of sample respondents in Tetuan, Zamboanga City.

Frequency count and percentage, these were used in order to know the

respondents’ profile in terms of age; gender; ethnicity;; as well as their grade

level.

Arithmetic Weighted Mean, this was utilized in the problem statement of

this research that seeks to determine the student’s academic performance and

the household cleanliness of respondents from Tetuan, Zamboanga City.

 Pearson Correlation was employed to identify the correlation between

the academic performance of the student’s and their level of household

cleanliness when grouped in accordance to their age and gender.