TYPES OF METHOds

SURVEY RESEARCH
- Provides numerical description of trends,
attitudes, or opinions of a population by studying
a sample population. This strategy requires the
use of questionnaires or structured interviews for
collecting of data and it can be employed in both
cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. In this
strategy a number of people or respondents are
usually asked about their behavior, attitudes,
beliefs and opinions on a particular issue or
problem, characteristics, expectations, self-
classification and knowledge
STEPS IN CONDUCTING A SURVEY
RESEARCH

Step 1: Identify the hypothesis and survey

format
Step 2: Plan and test the survey instrument
Step 3: Identify the target population and
sample size
Step 4: Conduct survey
Step 5: Record the data
Step 6: Analyze the data results
TYPES OF SURVEY
QUESTIONS

1. OPEN-ENDED QUESTION
2. CLOSE-ENDED
QUESTION
Creswell gives several questions that a researcher must
address when explaining the survey research as a
methodology in a research design:
1. Is the goal or objective of the survey clearly stated?
2. Did you mention the reasons for choosing the method?
3. Did you mention the nature of the survey?
4. Did you mention the population and size of the survey
respondents?
5. How many people or respondents are part of the study?
6. How were the respondents chosen?
7. What instruments will be used in the survey?
8. What are the content areas discussed in the survey?
9. What is the time frame of the survey?
10.What are the variables of the study?
11.How are the variables related to the research questions
and to the survey items?
 EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
- The researcher does something to one group
and none to another group and then examines
the difference the outcomes. This form of
methodology is usually employed in the natural
sciences and related fields like agriculture
engineering and medicine in the social sciences
like psychology education, journalism,
marketing, nursing, political science, social
work, and sociology.
CONTENT ANALYSIS
- Is a technique for gathering and analyzing the content of a
text. Text refers to anything written, or in visual or oral form
that serves as a medium of communication. It also allows
the researcher to unravel and analyze the content of a
particular source of communication.
The Aims of Content Analysis
1. Describe the characteristics or nature of the content of the
subject/material under study
2. Provide interferences regarding the causes of the content
3. Develop interferences about the outcome of the content

- Content analysis can be used to analyze any form of writing

or event that is recorded. The text of a content is usually
coded into manageable categories or groups like words, word
sense, phrases, sentences or theme.
Example:
For instance, the researcher hypothesized
that his or her favorite writer often writes
about hunger. By doing conceptual
analysis he or she may find out how
many times the words “hunger”,
“hungry”, “famished”, and starving
appear in the writers body of works.
FIELD RESEARCH
- Also called ethnography or participant-
observation research, wherein the researcher
directly interacts and observes in a small-
scale social setting in the present time and
in the researcher’s own culture. With this
research method, the researcher studies a
particular cultural group in their own
natural setting over a certain period of time;
in the process, the researcher collects data
through participant observation and
interviews.
CASE STUDIES
- Researcher conducts an up-close or in-depth study of an
individual, an organization, a behavioral condition, an event or a
contemporary phenomenon on it social context. In a case study,
the researchers study the different features of a few key cases of a
specific problem or issue in a particular period of a time using very
detailed, varied and extensive forms of data that were gathered in
qualitative form. Some of the technique used in case studies are
the observation of an informant’s physical traits, social traits,
behavior and attitude; the interview of the informant or the
subject, his or her relatives and friends and other people related to
him or her; the use of questionnaire and psychological tests; the
analysis of recorded data from documents, records and other
primary evidence.
2 Approaches to Conduct a Case Study
1. The analytical approach
2. Problem- oriented approach
HISTORICAL RESEARCH
- Refers to the reconstruction and re-creation
of the past through the use of primary and
secondary sources. It is also called archival
research.
Steps in doing a Historical Research
1.Identify the research topic and problem
2.Gather primary and secondary sources
3.Examine the authenticity and credibility of
sources
4.Extract the data from the sources
5.Interpret the data
6.Write and publish the historical approach
EXAMPLE OF CHAPTER 3
TITLE: Korean Dramas Engagement, It’s Relation
to Academic Performance of Students

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter covers the methods and procedures
the researchers use to make this research. This
focuses also on the discussion on the research
design, locale of the study, the respondents,
sampling procedures, the research instrument,
data gathering procedures and analysis of data.
 RESEARCH DESIGN

This study had utilized the

quantitative research design to explore
the relationship between engagement
of Korean dramas, academic
performances and profile variables of
the students.
 LOCALE OF THE STUDY

This research was conducted at Saint

Paul School of Aparri during the school
year 2017-2018. The school is cited at
eastern town of Aparri Cagayan. It is one
of the private school that is located in
Aparri Cagayan. Along the Magsaysay
Street, San Antonio Aparri Cagayan
 RESPONDENTS AND SAMPLING PROCEDURES

The respondents of this study was the Junior high

school students of St. Paul School of Aparri. The
researcher used the stratified sampling technique. The
respondents are 100 students who participated and
represented the junior high school of the said school.
The researcher chose from grade 7 to 10 of the junior
high school to be the respondents of this research study.
The researcher conducted the survey distributing survey
forms to the students present at the school who are
randomly chosen to complete the number of students
needed. This study was made and done during the
duration of the school year 2017-2018.
 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT

Data will be gathered through a questionnaire.

The questionnaires were made by the researcher
and the questionnaire is divided in the following
section: profile of the respondents, consumption
and engagement, academic performance.
Meanwhile the following section will help this
study to determine the relationship of k dramas
engagement to the academic performance of the
students.
 DATA GATHERING PROCEDURES

A written permission is being submitted to the office

of the principal of St. Paul School of Aparri in order
to obtain full cooperation from the students. When
the permission is granted, the researcher had
arranged appointments with the respondents
covered in the study. When everything is in order
the questionnaires had be plotted and will be given
to the respondents after which the researcher had
analyzed and total of the research.
 STATISTICAL TREATMENT

For the descriptive part of the study, frequency

counts, percentile, mean, standard deviations
and weighted mean had used. Pearson product
had been used to determine the relationship
between the Korean drama engagement of
students and their profile variables, academic
performances and all hypothesis will be tested
at 0.5 level of significance.
TITLE: Digital Usage and Its Relation to the
Academic Performance of Junior and Senior High
School Students of Saint Paul School of Aparri

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This part of research presents the research
instrument to be used for conducting the
research gathering procedure and the statistical
treatment. Particularly, the research method and
techniques use in how the subject chosen.
 RESEARCH DESIGN

This study is conducted to know the

correlation of the dependent variable
and the independent variable. It will
be observed in the use of data
gathering to know the relation of the
digital usage in their academic
performance.
 LOCALE OF THE STUDY

The study is conducted inside the

Saint Paul located at Aparri
Cagayan. The observation will be
held at the Junior High School
building.
 DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE
First step, researcher made a letter for the
principal containing letter for approval to conduct
a study on the chosen school the Saint Paul
School of Aparri then the questionnaires that will
serve as basis on investigating the relation of the
digital inequality to the academic performance of
the chosen respondents from junior high school
students. These questionnaires will be floated to
the respondents based on random sample to
gather relevant material data.
 RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
The instrument used was a survey
questionnaires made to gather the needed data
for the Students Profile. The draft of the
questionnaires were drawn out based on the
researcher previous studies. The questionnaires
were given to the Junior high school students of
Saint Paul School of Aparri to further investigate
the relationship between Academic Performance
of students to the digital usage.
 STATISTICAL TREATMENT
The response in the questionnaire by the Junior
high school students of Saint Paul School of
Aparri were statistically analyzed with data
requirements of the study. Data were collected,
categorized, tallied, tabulated proper
computation was done and these were interpret
and analyzed. Descriptive statistics such as
frequency count, mean, percent and rank are
considered. To know if there is a correlation
between the dependent variable and independent
variablr.