THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBODIA

School of Foreign Languages

Presentation
Topic: How to Teach Reading
❑ Course: ENG409, English For Teacher of TEFL
❑ Lecturer: Huoth Peo
❑ Presented by: Mr.Thoem Pheara; Ms.Vorng Pisey; Ms.Chhoun KongAi; Ms.Has Sreynich
Ms.Sok Vandavy; Ms. Uon Narithprackphong; Mr.Chhin Korb;
Mr. Chhom Chhora
 Content
I. Introduction
II. Teaching Reading Skill
1. Oral language
2. Phonological and phonemic awareness
3. Fluency
4. Vocabulary
5. Prior knowledge
6. Comprehension
7. Motivation and purpose
8. Integrated reading and writing
9. Texts
10.Assessment
11.Cultural factors
12.Practice
III. Conclusion
I. Introduction
What is reading?
Reading is about understanding written texts.
it is a complex activity that involves both perception and
thought.

Reading consists of two related processes:

❖ Word recognition refers to the process of perceiving
how written symbols correspond to one’s spoken
language.
❖ Comprehension is the process of making sense of
words, sentences and connected text.
II. Teaching Reading Skill
 1. Oral Language
Oral language is the system through which we use spoken words to express,
knowledge, ideas, and feeling.
How to use oral language to obtain reading skill?
- Home is the place where young children develop language skill ins their
interaction which adults and other children
- Story telling from Teacher and Show-and-Tell activities.
- Children should be encouraged to use oral language to express themselves.
- Shared book reading to group of Students using Big Book
- Class dictated stoires by using Children’s stories.
 2. Phonological and Phonemic Awareness
Phonics focuses on how sound look in writing, while phonemic awareness is
understanding that each word is comprised of a series of sound. Consequently,
most phonics instruction is written, and most phonemic awareness lessons are
oral.

Why they are needed to improve reading skill?

- Phonics is based systematic teaching of sound and letter relationship, as well
as sound and spelling patterns.
For example, the sound k can be spelled as c, k. ck or ch. (Students are taught
to blind the sounds of letters together helps them decode unfamiliar or
unknown words by sound them out)
 2. Phonological and Phonemic Awareness (cont.)
Why they are needed to improve reading skill? (cont.)
- Teacher develop student’s phonological skill through a wide variety
of activities, Rhymes, alliteration, and poetry.
- Teachers focus on individual syllables and sounds in language in the
text of book reading.
 3. Fluency
★ Fluency is important because it is
closely related to comprehension.
★ Fluency in reading means being
able to read accurately, quickly and
with expression.
 3. Fluency (cont.)
Practical applications
★ Teaching word recognition skills is an important first step.
★ The second step is to ensure that students can develop speed and ease in
recognizing words and reading connected text.
★ Teachers need to listen to their students reading aloud, provide feedback
to the students about their reading, and they also need to determine how
much is understood.
 4. Vocabulary
★ Good readers have good vocabulary knowledge.
★ In order to understand a text, readers need to know the meanings of
individual words.
★ Vocabulary is crucial to reading comprehension.
 4. Vocabulary (cont.)
Practical applications
★ Vocabulary should be taught directly
and indirectly.
★ Repetition and multiple exposures to
vocabulary items are important.
★ Vocabulary learning should involve
active engagement in tasks.
★ Word definitions in texts aid vocabulary
development.
 5. Prior knowledge
What is prior knowledge?

It mean using what we already know and use it to helpus

understand something new.
 5.Prior knowledge (cont.)
Why is prior knowledge important?
•It’s really important because
prior knowledge can help us to
know some information about
the topic and prepare our
brains to read.
6.
 7. Motivation and purpose

Purpose of reading
● to understand the text
● to learn or to find out information
● to be entertained
 7.Motivation and purpose (cont.)

Practical Application
● Telling the students the different
purposes of reading
● Using different types of texts
● Making connection from reading
to student’s daily life
● Devoloping a love reading
 8. Integrated reading and writing

Reinforce reading and writing

● Writing and Spelling
 8.Integrated reading and writing (cont.)

Practical Application
● Language experience
● Children can be encouraged to
write down stories , myths and
tradition
● Adult can be encouraged by
reading and writing for specifics
purpose
● Allow working time
 9. Texts
Practical applications:
- Access the difficulty level of a text, it is important to
consider the language used, as well as its subject matter, interest
level and assumed cultural knowledge.
- Choose reading materials that utilize students’ local context.
- Use information texts that contain topics with which the students
are familiar.
- Introduce reading materials of different types (genres) and
topics. A lack of variety of materials leads to a limited reading
and language experience.
 10. Assessment
• Use assessment to find out how well students are reading, and also how to help
them read better.
• Choose a method of assessment appropriate for the level and type of student.
• When choosing materials for assessing non-native speakers, be mindful of words
and concepts that might be unfamiliar.
11. Cultural Factors

Practical applications

- Choosing reading materials

- sensitivity to cultural factors
- foreign-language teaching
12. Practice

Practical applications

- Access to plenty of books and

reading materials
- Sustained silent reading programmes
- Encourage students to read
- Teach students to choose books
- Develop students’ interest in reading
 III. Conclusion
● There are many considerations in teaching reading and it is also difficult to work. So, what teachers
need to do is use the right strategies to help the students get better at Reading. By, providing the right
levels, and making the reading activity more interesting, enjoyable, and fun.
● As teachers also need to understand the cultural factor that can affect reading comprehension. Topics
that are familiar and openly discussed in one culture ,but unacceptable in another.
● Reading is a skill that will empower everyone who learns it. The more you read the more you learn, lot
of benefits to your knowledge.
● It is also important to motivate your students to read more, to understand and learn from it.
● Practice is the key. We Learn to read and read to learn.
Thank You!