Nama : Bela Yohana

NIM : 21058003

Prodi : Pendidikan Sosiologi

Matkul : Bahasa Inggris

PERTEMUAN 1
Exercise 1
Fill in the blank space with the correct word (am, is or are).
1. She is in the classroom.
2. Where are your friends?
3. Is Mike and Tina your classmates?
4. We are totally independent.
5. When is your birthday?
6. She is not shy and quiet.
7. They are really impatient.
8. The problem is complicated.
9. The rooms is messy.
10. Am he a humorous person?
Exercise 2
Match the words in column A to the words in column B.

Column A Column B

Are Suzie Mark diligent? No, she isn‟t.

Are you diligent? Yes, we are.

Is Bob dependent Yes, it is.

Is your book new? No, they aren‟t.

Is Martha shy and quiet? No, he isn‟t.

Exercise 3
Look at the houses below then complete the sentences by using there (is) or there (are). The first
two sentences are examples for you to follow.
There are four houses in total. There is one tree in front of the first house. Downstairs there
(is) one window and there (are) two French doors. Upstairs there (is) a balcony. There (are) two
trees in front of the second house. There (are) also two French doors and there (is) a window
downstairs and a balcony upstairs. There (are) three sets of windows in the third house, there (is)
one door and there (is) a garage. In the last house there (is) one door and there (are) two identical
windows downstairs. There (is) a very small window upstairs.

WRITING
Write a couple of sentences describe your house.
My house is like a house in a village in general, which is simple but comfortable to live in. On
the front of my house there is a courtyard close to the road while on the inside there is a
television room, living room, dining room and bedroom.

Exercise 4
Look at the following sentences. Write down what you think the words in bold print mean?
Guess, then use a dictionary.
1. A negative characteristic of only children is they are often unforgiving : the bad character of
only childern is that they are difficult to forgive others, all their wishes must be followed, so they
become very selfish and only selfish people.
2. Some are nurturers/caregivers : babysitter loves to play with small children very much.
3. Their motto might be ‘peace at any price’ : if we want to live in peace then never interfere in
other people‟s affairs.
4. They are extrovert : people who are extrovert are usually sociable, have lots of friends and
like crowded places.
5. They are fearful of rejection : people who are afraid of rejection are usually not easy to open
up to others because they are afraid of being judged

WRITING
Write a short paragraph about your personality
Hi everyone
My name is Bella Yohana, people usually call me Bella, I am the 5th child 0f 6 siblings, I am
currently 20 years old. I live in Riau, I can be extrovert and an introvert, I really like reading
books and me time besides that I also like watching Korean dramas and K-Pop.

PERTEMUAN 3
Exercise 1
1. Joe learns English on Tuesdays.

2. They like reading books while listening to music.

3. My dad washes his car every morning.

4. Anne and Pat go to the library twice a week.

5. The students meet their advisors every Saturday.

6. Liz cleans her garden once a month.

7. The sun sets in the west.

8. Cows don‟t eat meat.

9. Some childern don‟t like sweets.

10. I usually eat a lot at noon.
Exercise 2
1. how are your classes this semester?
2. why does he hit the dog?
3. we come to the wrong class
4. do you like that book?
5. she does not meet the doctor
6. do you know her name?
7. we study english every tuesday.
8. this class starts at seven.
9. is it your bag?
10. isn‟t this test easy?

Exercise 3
1. Mr. Jones does want to give any money to the poor. He is very stingy.
2. My friend and his family are not in this town. They are in Pekanbaru.
3. This is not my rabbit. Mine is gray.
4. Do you see my wallet? I think I left it here.
5. What does Helene do in the office?
6. We are very disappointed.
7. Amie and her brother don‟t go to university, but they work in a big company.
8. When does your sister perform the dance?
9. My room is dark
10. Where are our teacher?

SPEAKING

Ask your partner the way he/she learns. What questions can you ask? Then report back to the
class.
1. How does he/she learn best?
2. When does he/she feel eager to learn, and when does he/she feel too lazy to study?
3. What makes him/her feel demotivated or what makes him/her feel enthusiastic?

WRITING
Write a report about the information you got from your partner.
My colleague is name Malik, the way he learns well is when the lecturer explains he will
listen carefully and record important things then he will review them at home so that he
understands better, apart from that Malik also reads books to add to his knowledge. Malik can‟t
explain when he feels like studying, sometimes he studies when he wants but what is clear is that
during exams he will study and if he feels lazy then he will not force himself to study. Malik says
he will lose motivation when he is tired but he will feel enthusiastic again after he rests.

PERTEMUAN 4
1. Instruksi: Tentukan Apakah subject berikut termasuk orang pertama-atau ketiga. No 1 contoh
pengerjaannya. Silahkan langsung diisi pada word ini, atau jika ingin ditulis tangan,
disilahkan.

No Subject Subject Pengganti dan alasan S1/S3

1 A book It (karena bukunya satu, dan kita tidak bisa menentukan S3
buku itu laki-laki atau perempuan)
2 A teacher She/He (karena guru merupakan kalimat orang ketiga, S3
dan biasanya guru hanya memiliki dua jenis kelamin yaitu
laki-laki atau perempuan)
3 Teachers They (apabila akhiran kalimatnya ada imbuhan ‘s’ maka S1
kita bisa menentukan bahwa itu lebih dari satu)
4 A girl She (karena akhiran kalimatnya tidak ada ‘s’, dan kita bisa S3
menentukan bahwa kalimat itu adalah untuk yang
berjenis kelamin perempuan
5 Girls They (karena perempuannya lebih dari satu) S1
6 The students They (karena muridnya lebih dari satu) S1
7 The student She/He (karena tidak ada akhiran ‘s’, dan biasanya murid S3
hanya memiliki dua jenis kelamin yaitu laki-laki atau
perempuan)
8 My pen It (karena penanya satu, dan kita tidak bisa menentukan S3
pena itu laki-laki atau perempuan)
9 My pens It (karena pena merupakan kata benda, dan lebih dari S3
satu)
10 Budi and I We (karena Budi dan saya merupakan kalimat orang S1
 pertama, dan lebih dari satu orang)
11 Budi and my brother They (karena Budi dan saudara laki-laki saya merupakan S1
kalimat orang ketiga, dan lebih dari satu orang)
12 My sister She (karena kita bisa menentukan bahwa saudari S3
perempuan saya itu adalah berjenis kelamin perempuan)
13 My sisters They (karena saudari perempuan saya lebih dari satu) S1
14 My sisters and my Mother They (karena saudari perempuan saya dan ibu saya S1
merupakan kalimat orang ketiga, dan lebih dari satu
orang)
15 The table It (karena mejanya satu, dan kita tidak bisa menentukan S3
meja itu laki-laki atau perempuan)
16 The tables It (karena meja merupakan kata benda) S3
17 Computers It (karena komputer itu merupakan kata benda) S3
18 Lamps It (karena lampu itu merupakan kata benda) S3
19 Buildings It (karena bangunan itu merupakan kata benda) S3
20 My diary It (karena buku diari itu merupakan kata benda) S3

2. TULIS KALIMAT POSITIF MENGGUNAKAN S1 (No 1 itu contoh)

No Kalimat Positif dengan S1

1. I drive my car to campus
2. I go to the library every Friday
3. They want to look elegant at the wedding
4. They want to look elegant at the wedding
5. You loves pizza
6. You like movie

3. TULIS KALIMAT POSITIF MENGGUNAKAN S3 (No 1 itu contoh)

No Kalimat Positif dengan S3

1. My mother makes cookies for breakfast
2. Dani likes burgers
3. My friends buys a cat
4. Mary need a dictionary
5. My Father play chess in the evenings
6. Bimo live in bandung

4. TULIS KALIMAT NEGATIF DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN S1 (no 1 itu contoh)

No Kalimat Negatif dengan S1

1. I do not drive my car to campus
2. I do not go to the library every Friday
3. They do not want to look elegant at the wedding
4. They do not want to look elegant at the wedding
 5. You do not loves pizza
6. You do not like movie

5. TULIS KALIMAT NEGATIF DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN S3 (no 1 itu contoh)

No Kalimat Negatif dengan S1

1. My mother does not make cookies for breakfast
2. Dani does not like burgers
3. My friends does not buy a cat
4. Mary does not need a dictionary
5. My Father does not play chess in the evenings
6. Bimo does not lives in bandung

PERTEMUAN 5
Exercise 1
Answer the following questions by referring to the text above.
1. What does Matthew do?
Answer: matthew is an athlete. he is a swimmer. many swimming enthusiasts who really like
it. He always participates in swimming competitions such as the Olympics.
2. What time does he usually get up?
Answer: at 5.30 a.m.
3. How does he usually go to work?
Answer: by bus.
4. Why is he driving to work today?
Answer: Because he‟s late.
5. What time does he arrive at work every day?
Answer: at 6.00 a.m.
6. When does he always have his lunch?
Answer: 12.00 o‟clock.
7. What is he doing at 12.00 today?
Answer: He‟s still swimming.
8. Why does he usually watch TV at 7.30?
Answer: Because his favorite program starts at the time
9. What time does he go to bed?
Answer: at 10.00 p.m.
10. What time is he going to bed now?
Answer: at 10.00 p.m. He always goes to bed at 10.00 p.m.

Exercise 2
Find 5 V-ing from the reading text.
a. Wiliam is watching TV.
b. We are jogging.
c. He is swimming.
d. I am running.
e. Matthew is having dinner.

Exercise 3
Find 5 sentences that include Present Continuous from the reading text.
1. Kate and her sister are exercising. They are jogging.
2. I am just watching TV.
3. Matthew is having dinner at 8.30 p.m.
4. Matthew goes to swimming practice by bus.
5. Matthew is watching her favorite TV program at 7.30 p.m.

Exercise 4
Fill in the blanks with “is” or “are”.
1. Kate is cooking a turkey for dinner.
2. Mom is setting the table.
3. John is making coffee.
4. The boys is watching TV.
5. It is snowing outside.
6. The baby is laughing.
7. The girls is painting Easter eggs.
8. We are eating turkey.
9. The dog is barking.
10.They are celebrating Easter.

Exercise 5
Write the correct “ing” verb in the blank.
1. Kate is preparing dinner (prepare).
2. They are hunting for Easter eggs (hunt).
3. We are eating turkey (eat).
4. The Easter Bunny is coming (come).
5. I am making Easter eggs (make).
6. The children are eating candy (eat).
7. You are singing a nice song (sing).
8. The dog is chasing the cat (chase).
9. The cat is running (run).
10.He is drinking coffee (drink).

Exercise 6
Fill in the blanks in these questions with “be” and “ing” verb.
1. Am I Cooking dinner? (cook)
2. Is Jack baking pie? (bake)
3. Are the girls eating (eat)
4. Is it raining? (rain)
5. Are they making Easter eggs? (make)
6. Are you coming ? (come)
7. Is the dog barking ? (bark)
8. Is she talking? (talk)
9. Is he laughing ? (laugh)

READING
Every March or April Kate‟s family celebrates Easter, a Christian holiday. She boils eggs and
her children color them. She and her husband hide them in the garden. After a special meal for
lunch, they have an Easter egg hunt. The children look everywhere and compete to find the most
eggs.
Change the reading above into the Present Continuous tense.
Today,
1. Kate‟s family is celebrating Easter, a Christian holiday.
2. She is boiling eggs and her children are coloring them.
3. She and her husband are hiding them in the garden
4. After a special meal for lunch, they are having an Easter egg hunt.
5. The children are looking everywhere and competing to find the most eggs.

WRITING
The annual celebration that is quite familiar, namely Valentine's Day, on February 14th, is
known as Valentine's Day. Some people celebrate Valentine's Day, they say that Valentine's Day
is the day of love, so most people who have lovers mostly celebrate Valentine's Day. Even
though many say that Valentine's Day is a western culture, not Indonesian culture, every year
more and more Indonesians, especially young people who are still dating, join in celebrating this
Valentine's Day.
 PERTEMUAN 6

Tugas 1: Lengkapi kalimat dengan verb yang sudah disediakan. Apakah perlu
ditambahkan s/es?

1. Please be quiet. I am trying (try) to read my book.

2. I am not using (not/use) the computer at the moment so you can use it.
3. Mary is ill so Sue is teaching (teach) her 1essons today.
4. Excuse me, I am looking (look) for a hotel.
5. Jack, you are very careless. You are always forgetting (always/forget) to do
your homework!
6. The cost of living is rising (rise) very fast. Every year things are more
expensive.
7. The neighbours are so noisy! They are always arguing (always/argue)
1oudly
8. She a1ways remembers (remember) my birthday.
9. Mr Brown works (work) in a supermarket.
10.I am working (work) in this factory until I find a better job.
11.Look! It snowing (snow).
12.We never go (never/go) to work by tube. It is too busy.

Tugas 2: Tuliskan kalimat menggunakan tobe (is, am, are)

Kalimat positif menggunakan (is, am, are)

1. My friend is handsome
2. We are late to go to school this morning
3. Minah is a nurse in that hospital
4. They are going to the cinema today
5. The are from the same class
 Kalimat Negatif menggunakan (is, am, are)
1. My friend is not handsome
2. We are not late to go to school this morning
3. Minah is not a nurse in that hospital
4. They are not going to the cinema today
5. The are not from the same class

PERTEMUAN 7

Exercise 1

List the unfamiliar words that you get from the text above. Try to guess the meaning and write
the possible meaning of each in the following table.

No New Vocabulary Possible Meaning

1 Guest Tamu
2 Wedding Pernikahan
3 Groom Pengantin pria
4 Bride Pengantin perempuan
5 Bridesmaids Pengiring pengantin
6 Ring Cincin
7 Gift Hadiah
8 Bouquet Buket
9 Bridel wear Pakaian pengantin
10 Haneymoon Bulan madu

Exercise 2

Read the following statements. Check if they are true or false for modern times.

No Statements True False No Information Given

1 Parents are fully responsible for the 
wedding reception.
2 A bride and a groom usually pay for 
their own wedding expenses.
3 The wedding is held in a ballroom. 
4 The wedding is usually attended by 
family and relatives.

Exercise 3
Find 5 past events from the reading text.

1. In the past at weddings, four people would be selected to make the guest list. They then create
a master guest list: the bride, it the groom, the mother of the bride (or family) and the groom's
mother (or family).

2. In the past at weddings, the bride‟s family hosted the wedding. They paid for the invitations,
decorations, food and drink, even the wardrobe for the bride.

3. In the past, it was the groom who paid for the marriage certificate, rings, gifts for the bride,
bouquets and planned and arranged the honeymoon

4. In the past at weddings, the bride went with the groom when he bought the wedding ring. It
was because he had to make sure that the ring would fit.

5. In the past at weddings, bride‟s family was responsible for purchasing the bride‟s wardrobe
such as wedding gown, nightgown and more.

Exercise 4

Find and write 10 past tense verbs.

1. Bride

2. Groom

3.Bridesmaids

4. Wedding ring

5. Bouquet

6. Guests

7. Wedding invitation

8. Groom‟s mother

9. Gift

10. Wedding gown

Exercise 5
Write down the pronoun of each word and its past auxiliary.

Word Pronoun Past Word Pronoun Past

Auxiliary Auxiliary
Bride She Was Parents They Were
Groom He Was Love It Was
Wedding It Was Invitations It Was
Family They Were Boxes It Was
Bridesmaids They Were Letters It Was
Ring It Was Drink It Was
Vow It Was Food It Was
Gift It Was Table It Was

Exercise 6

Write down the verb II of each word below. Some are regular and some are irregular. Use a
dictionary.

Propose - Proposed
Invite Invited Try Tried
Phone Phoned Love Loves
Buy Bbought Speak Spoke
Send Sended Drive Drove
Promise Promised Write Wrote
Recevie Recedied Bring Brought
Meet Meeted Drink Drank
Spend Spended Tell Told

Exercise 7

What did you do last weekend? Did you have fun? Write down 10 activities that you did.

Last weekend I did a lot of activities, and I had quite a lot of fun on the weekend. 10 activities
that I did last weekend.

1. Read a book in the library.

2. Attend meetings.

3. Watch your favorite movie.

4. play with friends.

5. listen to music.
6. Playing social media.

7. Read romantic novels.

9. Doing college assignments.

10. Sleep to your heart's content.

Exercise 8

Write the sentences in Simple Past; Positive, Negative and Interrogative

Tommy is responsible for returning the library books.

+ Tommy is responsible for returning the library books.
- Tommy did not responsible for returning the library books.
? Did Tommy responsible for returning the library books?
Jessica is late today because she missed the last bus.
+ Jessica is late today because she missed the last bus.
- Jessica did not late today because she missed the last bus.
? Did Jessica late today because she missed the last bus?
The students write some articles for their teachers.
+ The students write some articles for their teachers.
- The students did not write some articles for their teachers.
? Did the students write some articles for their teachers?
English is a compulsory subject for all university students.
+ English is a compulsory subject for all university students.
- English did not a compulsory subject for all university students.
? Did english a compulsory subject for all university students?
Tiara presents her research proposal
+ Tiara presents her research proposal
- Tiara did not presents her research proposal
? Did Tiara presents her research proposal?
The teacher does not believe the result of the school questionnaire.
+ The teacher believe the result of the school questionnaire.
- The teacher did not believe the result of the school questionnaire.
? Did the teacher believe the result of the school questionnaire?
Many Sports faculty students take part in the Mayor’s Cup.
+ Many Sports faculty students take part in the Mayor‟s Cup.
- Many Sports faculty students did not take part in the Mayor‟s Cup.
? Did Many Sports faculty students take part in the Mayor‟s Cup?

PERTEMUAN 8 (UTS)
Soal :

Hello everyone,
So far, you already learn sentences in English.
Therefore, for your mid-semester exam, I would like you to
write me a three paragraphs compocition. You can
Choose one of the topics:
1. Your life as a university student
2. Your hobby
3. Your dream career
You can either type or write the composition. Please
Submit it in PDF form. You have one week to finish the
project! Good luck!

Jawaban :

1. Your life as a university student

my name is bella yohana, people used to call me bella. I am a student at Padang State
University, I am very grateful because I can be a student because I know that not everyone
can continue their studies in higher education.

My activities as a student are of course studying hard, by being a student I get a lot of new
things like getting good friends, good lecturers, and useful knowledge.

I know that university life will not run smoothly, of course there will be various kinds of
problems that I will face, but I will consider these problems as the spices of life as long as I
am a student and I am sure that I will be able to pass through various kinds of obstacles that
will come.

PERTEMUAN 9 (KUIS)
PERTEMUAN 10
Change the sentences in Bahasa Indonesia into English

1 S1+V1 Kami belajar Matematika We study Math everyday

setiap hari

2 S1 + don’t + V1 Mereka tidak menyukai guru They don't like the new teacher
baru itu

3 S3 + Vs/es Ayah saya bekerja dari pukul My dad works from 8 to 5

8 hingga pukul 5
4 S3 + doesn’t + V1 Anna tidak mengirimkan Anna doesn’t send letters to
surat kepada siapapun anyone

5 S1/3 + is/am/are + . . . Tina dan Saya adalah Tina and I are students
mahasiswa

6 S1/3 + is/am/are + . . . Tina tidak lapar Tina is not hungry

7 Do/does + S1/3 +V1 Apakah Tina menyelesaikan Does Tina complete her
tugasnya? assignment?

8 Is/am/are + S1/3 + . . . Apakah Jack baik-baik saja? Is Jack all right?

9 whQ + do/does + S1/3 + V1 Dimanakah Jack membeli Where do Jack buy the book?
buku itu?

10 whQ + is/am/are + S1/3 + . . . Kenapa Jack sedih? Why is jack sad?

Write your own sentences

1 S1+V1 Kami belajar Matematika We study Math everyday

setiap hari

2 S1 + don’t + V1 Mereka tidak menyukai They don't like the new friend
friend baru itu

3 S3 + Vs/es Ibu saya bekerja dari pukul 9 My mom works from 9 to 4

hingga pukul 4

4 S3 + doesn’t + V1 Sarah tidak mengirimkan Tiara doesn’t send

bunga kepada siapapun flowers to anyone

5 S1/3 + Is/am/are + . . . Sarah dan Saya adalah atlet Tiara and I are swimming athletes
renang
 6 S1/3 + Is/am/are + . . . Sarah tidak semangat Tiara is not to have excited

7 Do/does + S1/3 +V1 Apakah Sarah menyelesaikan Does Tiara complete her
tugasnya? assignment?

8 Is/am/are + S1/3 + . . . Apakah Dimas baik-baik Is Dimas all right?

saja?
9 whQ + do/does + S1/3 + V1 Dimanakah Dimas membeli Where do Jack buy the bag?
tas itu?

10 whQ + is/am/are + S1/3 + . . . Kenapa Dimas sedih? Why is Dimas sad?

PERTEMUAN 11

Exercise 1

List the present participle (verb ending in –ing) words that you find in the text above. Try to
guess one possible meaning for each vocabulary item, and write them in the following table.

No New Vocabulary Possible Meaning

1 reading understand the content of the text
2 dripping falling water
3 asking how to ask something
4 making create a masterpiece
5 sleepwalking walk but his eyes are closed

Exercise 2

Read the following statements. Check if they are true or false.

Stateements True False

Nikita was reading 'The Fault in Our Stars' in the bathroom. 
The boy was wearing a navy blue sweater, sweatpants and red boots. 
The boy was crying. 
Nikita thought that the boy was happy 
The floor was dry 
Exercise 3

Write down 8 sentences from the reading text that use Past Continuous.

1. He was wearing a navy blue sweater, sweatpants, anda red boots.

2. He was crying.

3. Nilkita was about to turn off the light to go upstairs, when somebodytapped her shoulder.

4. Nikita was reading „The Faul in Our Stars‟ in her bedroom.

5. Nikita was asking him why he was crying but he gave no response.

6. She was halfway throught the book when she heard a knock on the door.

7. While she was pouring the water, she heard the door closing.

8. He was dripping wet because it was raining heavily outside.

Exercise 4

Decide on the auxiliary verb for each subject.

1. She was dancing on the rain.

2. Carlos was taking his medication.

3. He and she were driving.

4. You and I were arguing.

5. They were attending a meeting.

6. Costa Rica was expanding its economy.

7. A priest was leading the service.

8. My brother was skipping class yesterday.

9. Many people were witnessing the Royal Wedding.

10.Everybody were changing.

11.Diego was going through some stuff.

12.Her hair was growing rapidly.

13.Mice was invading the kitchen.

14.The horses were kicking each other.

15.Louie was crying all night.

16.We were singing along to the music.

17.Wilson was hiking in Griffith Park.

18.April was posing for Harper Bazaar.

19.Jose and Maria were tying the knot in Alberta.

20.My teacher was explaining the lesson.

Exercise 5

Complete these sentences using Past Continuous.

1. Margo and her parents were sleeping (sleep).

2. The students were reading (read) a book.

3. You were clapping (clap) your hands.

4. The boy was running (run) around the room.

5. The choir was singing (sing) a hymn.

6. The dog was jumping (jump) up and down.

7. The teacher was drawing (draw) on the board.

WRITING

Describe the picture at the beginning of the unit using Past Continuous.

they were busy with their own activities, some was watching tv and some are playing
tts, the activities they are doing look fun. Usually they do these activities before going to bed
 PERTEMUAN 12

Exercise 1

1. Who cooked dinner? Father

2. What did the girl notice about her father‟s cooking? His father overly added salt and added
some pumpkin

3. Did her father like his own pizza? The pizza tastes delicious but his father doesn‟t like his own
pizza

4. How did the girl know that her father did not like the pizza? From the look on his father face

5. What did they end up eating for dinner? Instant noodles

Exercise 2

Put nomber 1-10 following the steps of making pizza above.

(3) (9)

(1) (10)

(4) (5)
 (2) (8)

(6) (7)

Exercise 3

Study the table and write the answer of the following questions.

2 cups = 1 pint 4 quarts = 1 galon

2 tablespoons = 1 ounce fluid 2 pints = 1 quart

8 ounces fluid = 1 cup 8 fluid ounces =

16 tablespoons = 1 cup

3 teaspoons = 1 tablespoon

Exercise 4

Have you ever watched the movie “Imagine That” starring by Eddie Murphy? In the movie, he
and his daughter made pancakes. Now, fill in each blank with one of the following quantifiers in
the box, describing what they did in the movie.

a cup of a couple of a lot of a little plenty of

Large number of plenty of plenty of plenty of a lot of
To make the pancakes, Eddie and his daughter poured a cup of flour,

and a couple of eggs into a bowl.

They left a lot of flour all over the kitchen table.

 They melted a little butter and fried a lot of pancakes.

She poured plenty of chocolate syrup, plenty of hot sauce, plenty of ketchup, and plenty of
mustrad on the pancakes.
 Finnaly, she charged him large number of money for the pancakes.

PERTEMUAN 13

Exercise 1

1. Where are most developing countries located in the world? Africa and Asia, in addition to
several countries in the South and Central America are also referred to as „developing
countries‟.

2. What is the basis of these countries‟ economy? Industries, banks and the energy sector

3. Which countries became developed countries between the 1960s and the 1990s? South Korea,
Singapore, Hong Kong and Taiwan

4. What countries are considered to be in-between developing countries and developed

countries? China, Brazil, India and Mexico.

5. How much is the GDP of most developing countries? Countries with a GDP per capita of
under $US 4,000 are referred to as 'developing countries'.

Exercise 2

1. How much/How many money do we have now? = How much money do we have now?

2. Where is/are my new workers? = Where are my new workers?

3. I do not agree on some/any investment in agriculture sector. = I do agree on some investment
in agriculture sector.

4. Singapore has few/little unemployment so it does not have a problem with poverty. =
Singapore has little unemployment so it does not have a problem with poverty.

5. I have found the coffee but I can‟t find a/some cup. = I have found the coffee but I can‟t find a
cup.

6. How much/many sleep do you need for every night? = How many sleep do you need for
every night?

7. We have a few/little problems with our studies. = We have a few problems with our studies.

Exercise 3

Make your own sentences using each of these words/phrases.

Count Sentences
There is …… There is a new movies in the cinema
There are …… There are colleges in jakarta
Some …… Some building materials have run out
Any …… You can come and ask for my help any time
Many …… My brother has many toys
A lot of …… We brought a lot of food
Lots of …… there are lots of people waiting in line in this hospitals
Few …… We have a few problems with our workers
Article „a‟ or „an‟ I have found the cake but I can't find a plate

Noncount Sentences
There is …… There is public transportation in every city
Some …… I have some friends who want to investment in the
agricultural sector
Any …… Are there any tomatoes in the fridge
Much …… I put too much sugar in your coffee
A lot of …… She has visited a lot of places
Lots of …… Rina usually reads lots of novels in her spare time
Little …… My mother just gave me a little money
 PERTEMUAN 14

Exercise 1

Please answer the following questions based on what you have read and discuss them with your
friends.

1. What does Africa's economy rely heavily on? Africa is heavily dependent on agricultural and
mineral products as a source of income.

2. What staple crops does Africa produce? Corn, Sorghum, Rice, Wheat, fruit and vegetables.

3. Why do critical food shortages happen in many African countries? Because as most of the
countries African, their food production cannot keep up with population levels. This is what
causes critical food shortages, besides that most African countries do not process their own
raw materials but instead export them to developed countries.

4. What do most African countries use their livestock for? Most of the livestock in African
countries such as sheep, goats, camels, pigs and other animals are kept for their food supply,
besides the skins of these animals are used to cultivate the land and provide larger animals as
a means of transportation

5. What kinds of minerals/raw materials are produced in South Africa? cocoa, bananas and
coffee.

6. Where do most tourists go on safari in Africa? Most tourists visit the ancient historical sites of
Egypt, other than going to the mountains in east Africa or on a safari in one of the game areas
in Kenya or Tanzania.

Exercise 2

Complete the following sentences with the correct form of verb and preposition of place.

1. 90% of Indonesian school children spent two hours watching TV in their homes last night.

2. I made my assignment last night and I put it inside my bag. Now I cannot find it.

3. Mr. Jones lives in the unit in front of my unit so I see him every day.

Exercise 3

Please choose 5 more regular verbs and 5 irregular verbs then make complete sentences with
each of them in simple past and present perfect forms.
 Verb Simple Past Sentence Present Perfect Sentence
(regular)
Voted Jack voted in the election two years Jack has voted since he turned 18
ago years old.
Waited The students waited for the bus this The students have waited for the bus
morning. for 1 hour
Needed My sister-in-law needed to learn moreMy sister-in-law has needed to learn
English last year more English since she moved to the
United States.
Invited You invited me to your house last You have invited me to your house
Saturday. every Saturday since we met.
Hated My friend hated the cold winter last My friend has hated the cold winters
year. in Minnesota since he moved here
from Miami.
Rented Julia and her husband rented a new Julia and her husband have just
apartment last year. rented a new apartment.

Verb Simple Past Sentence Present Perfect Sentence

(irregular)
Became/ My sister became a U.S. citizen last My sister has just become a U.S.
become month. citizen.
Began/begun We began class at 8:30am yesterday We have just begun class

Broke/broken The dishwasher broke a couple of The dishwasher has broken three
glasses today. glasses this week.
Chose/chosen You chose to take classes at this You have already chosen to take
school last month. classes at this school.
Did/done You did your laundry last weekend. You have done your laundry every
weekend since you moved to
Minnesota.
Drank/drunk I drank orange juice for breakfast I have drunk orange juice for many
yesterday. years.

PERTEMUAN 15

Exercise 1

Read the following statements. Check if they are true or false.

No Statements True Flase

1 Pollution can be caused by human activities. 
2 Walking does not impact the decreasing of emissions. 
3 The transportation involved in food miles increases the 
carbon emission.
 4 By buying local foods, we indirectly help in decreasing 
air pollution.
5 Imported food needs time to be transported to the 
supermarket.

Exercise 2

Complete the sentences with the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets.

1. English is spoken in many countries.

2. The post is delivered at about 7 o‟clock every morning.

3. How often the Olympic Games held?

4. My car was repaired last week.

5. The original building was pulled down in 1965.

6. Those machines are used to copy the files.

7. The restaurant is renovating today.

8. The students are informed that the examination cancelled

9. The thief were caught by the police.

10.The fish was eaten by those cats.

Exercise 3

Choose the correct form of the verbs in brackets to complete the paragraph below.

Fiat

Fiat was started by a group of Italian businessmen in 1899. In 1903, Fiat, produced 132
cars. Some of these cars were exported by the company to the United States and Britain. In
1920, Fiat started making cars at a new factory at Lingotto, near Turin. There was a track on the
roof where the cars were tested by technicians. In 1936, Fiat launched the Fiat 500. This car was
called the Topolino – the Italian name for Mickey Mouse. The company grew, and in 1963 Fiat
exported more than 300,000 vehicles. Today, Fiat is based in Turin, and its cars are sold all
over the world.
Exercise 4

No Active sentences Passive sentences

1 Someone built this house 200 years ago.
2 A thief stole my purse.
3 The police will arrest the robbers.
4 They produce cars in this factory.
5 They serve breakfast at eight o‟clock
every day.
6 I drink green tea.
7 He invents this machine in Japan.
8 Jane sells her products in every
market.
9 Cows eat grass a lot.
10 My little brother washes all the
dishes.
This house was built by someone 200 years
ago.
My purse was stolen by a thief.
The robbers will be arrested be the police.
The cars are produced in this factory by
them.
Breakfast is served at eight o,clock every
day.
I drink green tea.
He created this machine in Japan.
Jane sells her products at each
market.
Cows eat a lot of grass.
My little brother washes all
dishwasher.

PERTEMUAN 16

Exercise 1

Answer the following questions.

1. When was the wheel probably first used? evidence suggests that the wheel created around
3500 B.C Mesopotamia to help potters move their pots. 300 years later, they used for trains,
carriages or wagons for carry goods or people faster and easily.

2. What could be done to rotate the wheel? namely by turning the wheel.

3. Describe briefly how the wheel was invented and changed over time in your own words!
Homo Sapiens realized that spherical objects could easily be moved by rolling. Later, this
rolling technique was used for the transportation of large objects cylinder logs. Over time,
people created the initial shape of the wheel made of stones connected by shafts or shafts.
They put a load on it and use some livestock to pull it. When the axle is pulled or pushed, the
wheel starts rotating and the load is transferred.

4. Mention some types of vehicles that use wheels! cars, motorcycles, airplanes, electric
motorbikes, rickshaws and bicycles.

5. Do you think that wheel will change in the future? Explain! I think the wheel may change in
the future but the wheel will not become extinct because nowadays the wheel is really needed
Exercise 2

Write down at least 10 unfamiliar words you found in the text above. Then consult a dictionary
to find their meaning. One example is given for you.

Unfamiliar Words Possible Meaning

Invention Creating a new thing
B.C Before the birth of Jesus
Trasnport Movement of people from place to place
Figure Images of human figures with various characters
Homo Sapiens Ancient human
Objects Something that can be researched
Medical researches Research in the field of medicine
Indispensible Something needed
Electric Energy that can be channeled through a conductor in the
form of a cable
Wheels Rotating device