FLUID KINEMATICS

1. Given a velocity field ⃗ ^

V =10 x 2 y i+15 yz ^j−( 3 xy−25 t ) k^ , find the acceleration of a fluid
element at (1, 2, -1) at time t=0.5. identify the local and convective accelerations in each of
the 3 directions.
2. An incompressible fluid flows past a solid flat plate. The x and y coordinates are measured
from the leading edge and surface of the plate. If u=x2 y 2+ 2 xy find the velocity field ⃗V and
acceleration a⃗ at (2,1).

3. 2x
In a 2-D incompressible flow, the x velocity is given by u= 2
⃗
2 . Evaluate V if v=0 at y=0.
x +y
Find the direction of streamline with respect to x axis at (2,3).
4. The stream function in a 2 D flow is given by ψ=6 x−4 y +7 xy . Verify whether the flow is
irrotational. Estimate the acceleration of a fluid element and the direction of the streamline at
(1, -1).
xy ^j+(2 zy +3 t) k^ . Find the
2 ^
5. The velocity field in a fluid medium is given by ⃗ V =3 x y i+2
magnitudes and direction of (i) translational velocity, (ii) rotational velocity, (iii) acceleration,
and (iv) vorticity of a fluid element at (1, 2, 1) at t=3.
6. Find the acceleration of a fluid particle at r=2a, θ=π/2 for a 2D flow given by,

[ ] [ ]
2 2
a a
v r=−u 1− 2
cos θ , vθ =u 1+ 2
sin θ
r r

( )
7. 2x ^
For a steady flow through a nozzle, the field is given by ⃗
V =u 0 1+ i, where x is the
L
distance along the axis of the nozzle from its inlet plane and L is the length of the nozzle. Find,
(a) an expression for acceleration of a particle in the flow field, and (b) the time taken by a
fluid particle to travel from the inlet tot the exit of the nozzle.
8. The x component of velocity in a 2D incompressible flow field is prescribed as u=B y 3− A x 4 ,
where A and B are constant. Assume that for all values of x, v=0 at y=0. Check if the flow is
irrotational.
9. The velocity field for a steady 2D flow is given by ⃗ V =by i^ −ax ^j, where a, b are constants.
1 1
Find the equation of the streamline passing through the point ( , ).
√2 a √ 2 b
( )
10 ∂ ui ∂ u j
. Viscous stress in a Newtonian fluid is related with strain rate τ ij =μ + as Consider a
∂ y j ∂ xi
x ^j−2 zy k^ . Find the force due to viscous stresses at a
2 ^
velocity field given by ⃗ V =x y i+2
point (x,y,z) on an area ⃗ ^ ^j+ k^ .
A=2 i+3
11 Consider sphere of radius R immersed in a
. uniform stream of flow with velocity U0 as shown
in the figure. The fluid velocity along AB is given

as: Find the position of

maximum acceleration along the line AB.

12
.
A velocity field is given by . Check whether the flow is
incompressible and irrotational.
13
.

14
. Consider low field with a=1/4 s-2 and b=1/3 m/s. Coordinates are measured
in meters. Find the equations for the streamline and the pathline.

15 Consider a flow with velocity components

.

Is this a one, two- or three-dimensional flow? Is this an incompressible flow? Derive the
stream functions and comment whether they will represent a family of streamlines.

16 The stream function of a flow field is ψ= A x 3 +B ( x y 2 + x2 − y 2 ), where ψ, A, B, x and y are all

.
dimensionless. Find the relation between A and B for this to be an irrotational flow. Find the
velocity potential.

17 An incompressible two-dimensional flow is described by the velocity field:

.
Here a,b are non-zero constants. Find the angular velocity of a fluid particle at a point in this
field. Draw a graph of the streamlines for the case a=b=1.

18
A two-dimensional flow is described by the velocity field . Find the equation of
.
the streamline passing through the point (1,1).
19 Consider the velocity field, in normalized coordinates, given by: v=( x 2− y 2 + x ) i−(2 xy + y) j
.
.
(i) From the description of the velocity field, is it possible to conclude whether such velocity
field is physically realistic or not? Justify your answer.
(ii) What is the total derivative of the density at a point (x, y) in the above flow field?
(iii) Find the component of acceleration of flow along the line x = y.

20 A flow field is defined by the following velocity components, where a and b are dimensional
.
constants: , , .
(ii) Obtain an expression for the stream function, if it exists.
(iii) Obtain an expression for the velocity potential if it exists, for (i) , (ii) .
(iv) Sketch the deformed configuration of a rectangular fluid element that was having its edges
originally parallel to the y and z axes, respectively, for the cases (i) , (ii) .