Assessment of sanitation prioritization in urban policies, strategies, legislations

Name Status Sanitation Priorities Key provisions that have bearing to Opportunity window
Outreach CWIS programming for mainstreaming
CWIS functions
Urban Draft Sanitation, as such, Requires development of urban plans, High
Development Bill (2021) remains unmentioned defines responsible agency for preparation
and approval at the federal, provincial and
National, Multi- local levels. Secretary, Ministry of Water
sectoral Supply is a member in national urban
development steering committee

National Urban Approved Part of integrated, Requires facilitating integrated High

Development (2017) sustainable and resilient infrastructure and urban services,
Strategy urban infrastructure and developing urban Infrastructure condition
services index, promoting private sector, co-
National, Multi- financing in wastewater development,
sectoral Sewerage with treatment promotion of circular economy, and
where feasible and the rest institutional strengthening
on-site treatment
National Urban Approved While it includes both solid Requires separate planning approaches in Outdated, but
Policy (2007) and liquid waste urban areas incl for informal settlements, opportunity during
management, the priority coordination between national government formulation of a new
National, Multi- tends to be around the and local bodies, environment and social urban development
sectoral former assessments, private sector participation policy
National Building Approved Guidelines for collection It is Municipality responsibility to ensure High. For its
Code (2003) and disposal of wastewater new house and commercial establishments enforcement, legal
and storm water from comply with the standards mentioned in the backing is required for
National, Multi- households and toilets Code which Municipality
sectoral can prepare sanitation
regulation/by-laws
Local Governance Approved Basic sanitation services is Requires formulation of policy, Act, High by all means
Operation Act (2017) a core Municipal standards, tariff on basic sanitation
responsibility including enhancing coordination, public-
Local, Multi-sectoral partnership, and ensuring new house
construction has septic tanks
 Assessment of sanitation prioritization in water and sanitation policies, strategies and
legislations
Name Status Sanitation priorities Key provisions that Opportunity window
Outreach have bearing to CWIS for mainstreaming
programming CWIS functions
Policy
Water and Draft (2018) Replacing the outdated the rural All priorities High
Sanitation (2004) and urban WASH (2009)
Policy policies, it sheds priorities both on SS
and NSS, mapping and strategies for
National underserved areas, standards and
guidelines, PPP, capacity building,
and circular economy
Legislation
Water Supply Draft (2018) Legal measures to operationalize All priorities. Two issues High
and Sanitation safe water and sanitation services as merit special attention
Bill fundamental right. Emphasis on for redress: NSS
licensed service provider, provides for lumped under
National service regulator and wastewater wastewater, missing
testing and surveillance MoUD representation in
Steering Committee
Plan
Capital Approved Programming, investment and Some CWIS principles High
Investment and (2021) institutional planning for both sewered embedded in non-
Asset and non-sewered sanitation to sewered sanitation
Management address sanitation requirements for component as part of
Plan for Kathmandu Valley upto 2050 Sewerage Master Plan
Kathmandu
Valley

Subnational
Water, Draft (2018) Visions urban areas as eco-friendly All priorities High
Sanitation and green cities whereby wastes
Hygiene Sector produced are recycled, recovered
Development and reused. Functioning sewer
Plan system and septic tanks with fecal
sludge management and reaching
National vulnerable population is a priority
Regulation and Guidelines
CWIS Draft (2021) Enabling Municipalities to develop a Largely focuses around High. Unique
Guidelines CWIS Plan, developing knowledge for procedural aspects for opportunity for
the policy makers and practitioners preparing CWIS Plan embedding functions
National and outcomes
Total Sanitation Approved Two-staged strategy: (a) Requires equity and High
Guidelines (2016) sustainability of basic sanitation inclusion, multi-
services, and (b) proper solid and stakeholders
National liquid waste management. Circular engagement in planning
economy and PPP are integral part and implementation
NS-ISO 24521 Approved Design and construction of basic on- Requires dedicated High
Guidelines on (2020) site domestic wastewater systems responsibility,
management of and its management both from users accountability and
domestic and operators perspectives resource planning at the
wastewater local levels
services

National
FSM Approved Roles and responsibilities, and Requires municipalities High. Municipalities
Institutional and (2017) regulation across sanitation service to take a leading role on can develop their
Regulatory chain planning and own policies and
Framework management regulation

National