CBSE 2021

MATHEMATICIA
Class 12 By O.P. GUPTA

MATHEMATICS
CASE STUDY QUESTIONS
.

(For CBSE 2021 Board Examinations)

By

O.P. GUPTA
Maths (H.), E & C Engineering
INDIRA Award Winner

THEOPGUPTA.COM
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 CASE STUDY IN MATHS
Class 12
Session 2020-21
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Following units are covered in MAIN FILE (Full Version – PAID) :

 Relations & Functions – Case Study based Questions
 Matrices & Determinants – Case Study based Questions
 Calculus – Case Study based Questions
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 Probability – Case Study based Questions

.Full
Version – PAID file contains 31 Case Study Based.
.Questions with DETAILED SOLUTION.

Q01. In two different societies, there are some school going students - including girls as well as boys.
Satish forms two sets with these students, as his college project.
Let A  a1 , a 2 , a 3 , a 4 , a 5  and B  b1 , b2 , b3 , b4  where a i ’s and bi ’s are the school going
students of first and second society respectively.

Satish decides to explore these sets for various types of relations and functions.
Using the information given above, answer the following :
(i) Satish wishes to know the number of reflexive relations defined on set A. How many
such relations are possible?
(a) 0

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CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS for CBSE XII Maths (2020-21)
5
(b) 2
10
(c) 2
20
(d) 2
(ii) Let R : A  A, R  (x, y) : x and y are students of same sex . Then relation R is
(a) reflexive only
(b) reflexive and symmetric but not transitive
(c) reflexive and transitive but not symmetric
(d) an equivalence relation
(iii) Satish and his friend Rajat are interested to know the number of symmetric relations
defined on both the sets A and B, separately. Satish decides to find the symmetric
relation on set A, while Rajat decides to find the symmetric relation on set B. What is
difference between their results?
(a) 1024
(b) 210 (15)
(c) 210 (31)
(d) 210 (63)
(iv) Let R : A  B , R  (a1 , b1 ), (a1 , b2 ), (a 2 , b1 ), (a 3 , b3 ), (a 4 , b2 ), (a 5 , b2 ) , then R is
(a) neither one-one nor onto
(b) one-one but, not onto
(c) only onto, but not one-one
(d) not a function
(v) To help Satish in his project, Rajat decides to form onto function from set A to B. How
many such functions are possible?
(a) 342
(b) 240
(c) 729
(d) 1024

n (n 1)
Sol. (i) (d) No. of Reflexive relations defined on a set of n elements  2 .
54 20
Therefore, no. of reflexive relations defined on set A having 5 elements  2  2 .
(ii) (d) As (x, x)  R for all x  A , when x is either boy or girl.
So, R is reflexive.
Let (x, y)  R that is, x and y are of same sex.
That means, y and x are also of same sex.
This implies, (y, x)  R .
So, R is symmetric.
Also let (x, y)  R and (y, z)  R .
That means, x and y are of same sex; y and z are same sex. Clearly, x and z will also be
of same sex. That implies, (x, z)  R .
So, R is transitive.
Therefore, R is equivalence relation.
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 CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS for CBSE XII Maths (2020-21)
n(n 1)
2
(iii) (c) No. of Symmetric relations defined on a set of n elements  2 .
56
Therefore, no. of symmetric relations defined on set A having 5 elements  2 2
 215
54
Therefore, no. of symmetric relations defined on set B having 4 elements  2 2
 210
15 10 10
Hence, the required difference is  2  2  2 (31) .
(iv) (d) For the element a1  A , we have different images under R as, (a1 , b1 ), (a1 , b 2 )  R .
So, R is not a function.
(v) (b) If A and B are two sets having m and n elements respectively such that m  n , then
n
total no. of onto functions from set A to set B is   (1) r  n C r  (n  r)m .
r0
Here n(A)  5, n(B)  4 .
4
So, the number of onto functions from set A to set B   (1)r  4Cr  (4  r)5
r 0

  (1)  C0  (4  0)  (1)  C1  (4  1)5  (1) 2  4 C2  (4  2)5

0 4 5 1 4

 (1)3  4 C3  (4  3)5  (1)4  4 C 4  (4  4)5

  1 1 (4)5  (1)  4  (3)5  1 6  (2)5  (1)  4  1  1 1 0
  1024  972  192  4  240 .

Q02. Manjit wants to donate a rectangular plot of land for a school in his village. When he was asked
to give dimensions of the plot, he told that if its length is decreased by 50 m and breadth is
increased by 50 m, then its area will remain same, but if length is decreased by 10 m and breadth
is decreased by 20 m, then its area will decrease by 5300 m2.

Based on the information given above, answer the following questions :

(i) The equations in terms of x and y are
(a) x  y  50, 2x  y  550
(b) x  y  50, 2x  y  550
(c) x  y  50, 2x  y  550
(d) x  y  50, 2x  y  550
(ii) Which of the following matrix equation represents the information given above?
 1 1  x   50 
(a)      
 2 1   y   550 

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CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS for CBSE XII Maths (2020-21)

 1 1  x   50 
(b)      
 2 1  y   550 
 1 1   x   50 
(c)      
 2 1  y   550 
 1 1 x   50 
(d)      
 2 1 y   550 
(iii) The value of x (length of rectangular field), is
(a) 150 m
(b) 400 m
(c) 200 m
(d) 320 m
(iv) The value of y (breadth of rectangular field), is
(a) 150 m
(b) 200 m
(c) 430 m
(d) 350 m
(v) How much is the area of rectangular field?
(a) 60000 Sq. m
(b) 30000 Sq. m
(c) 30000 m
(d) 3000 m

Q03. There is a local printing press - Printing Solutions, whose owner is given a bulk order for
printing of a magazine by a school of the same locality. He shows variety of pages to the school
administration.
Following is the pictorial description for a particular page, selected by school administration.

The total area of the page is 150 cm2.

The combined width of the margin at the top and bottom is 3 cm and the side 2 cm.
Using the information given above, answer the following :
(i) The relation between x and y is given by
(a) (x  3)y  150
(b) xy  150
(c) x(y  2)  150
(d) (x  2)(y  3)  150
(ii) The area of page where printing can be done, is given by
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 CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS for CBSE XII Maths (2020-21)

(a) xy
(b) (x  3)(y  2)
(c) (x  3)(y  2)
(d) (x  3)(y  2)
(iii) The area of the printable region of the page, in terms of x, is
450
(a) 156  2x 
x
 150 
(b) 156  2x  3  
 x 
3
(c) 156  2x  15  
x
 150 
(d) 156  2x  3  
 x 
(iv) For what value of ‘x’, the printable area of the page is maximum?
(a) 15 cm
(b) 10 cm
(c) 12 cm
(d) 15 units
(v) What should be dimension of the page so that it has maximum area to be printed?
(a) Length  1 cm, width  15 cm
(b) Length  15 cm, width  10 cm
(c) Length  15 cm, width  12 cm
(d) Length  150 cm, width  1 cm

Q04. A butterfly is moving in a straight path in the space.

x 1 2  y z  3
Let this path be denoted by a line l whose equation is   say.
2 3 4
Using the information given above, answer the following with reference to the line l :

(i) The position vector of the point on the line is

(a) ˆi  2ˆj  3kˆ
(b) ˆi  2ˆj  kˆ
(c) 2iˆ  3jˆ  4kˆ

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CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS for CBSE XII Maths (2020-21)

(d) 2iˆ  3jˆ  4kˆ

(ii) What are the direction ratios of the line?
(a) 2, 3, 4
(b) –2, 3, 4
(c) 2, –3, 4
(d) 2, 3, –4
(iii) If the z-coordinate of a point on this line is 11, then the x-coordinate of the same point on
this line, is
(a) –5
(b) 5
(c) 0
(d) 1
(iv) The vector equation of the given line is

(a) r  ˆi  2ˆj  3kˆ  (2iˆ  3jˆ  4k)
ˆ

(b) r  ˆi  2ˆj  3kˆ  (2iˆ  3jˆ  4k)
ˆ

(c) r  ˆi  2ˆj  3kˆ   (2iˆ  3jˆ  4k)
ˆ

(d) r  ˆi  2ˆj  3kˆ   (2iˆ  3jˆ  4k)
ˆ
(v) The unit vector in the direction of the vector parallel to the given line, is
ˆi  2ˆj  3kˆ
(a)
14
2iˆ  3jˆ  4kˆ
(b)
29
ˆi  2jˆ  3kˆ
(c)
14
2iˆ  3jˆ  4kˆ
(d)
29

Q05. As a normal practice, once the school education is over, students have to take admission in the
college for higher education.

Let X denotes the no. of colleges where you will apply after your results and P(X  x) denotes
your probability of getting admission in x number of colleges. It is given that
kx, if x  0 or 1

2kx, if x  2
P(X  x)   , where k is a positive constant.
k(5  x), if x  3 or 4
0, if x  4
Based on the above information answer the following :
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 CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS for CBSE XII Maths (2020-21)

(i) The value of k is

(a) 1
1
(b)
3
1
(c)
7
1
(d)
8
(ii) The probability that you will get admission in exactly one college, is
1
(a)
2
1
(b)
3
1
(c)
8
1
(d)
5
(iii) The probability that you will get admission in at most two colleges, is
7
(a)
12
5
(b)
8
5
(c)
21
8
(d)
17
(iv) What is the probability that you will get admission in at least 2 colleges?
1
(a)
3
2
(b)
7
3
(c)
8
7
(d)
8
(v) What is the probability that you will get admission in more than 4 colleges?
(a) 0
(b) 1
1
(c)
2
1
(d)
8

i 4
Sol. (i) (d) As  P(X )  1
i 0
i

So, P(X 0 )  P(X1 )  P(X 2 )  P(X 3 )  P(X 4 )  1

 k  0  k  1  2k  2  5k  k  3  5k  k  4  1

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CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS for CBSE XII Maths (2020-21)

 8k  1
1
k  .
8
1
(ii) (c) P(x  1)  k  1  .
8
(iii) (b) P(x  2)  P(x  0)  P(x  1)  P(x  2)
  k  0  k  1  2k  2
  5k
5
  .
8
(iv) (d) P(x  2)  1  P(x  2)
  1  P(x  0)  P(x  1)
  1  k  0  k  1
  1 k
1
  1
8
7
  .
8
(v) (a) Observe that, when x  4 then, P(X  x)  0 .
So, P(x  4)  0 .

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 CASE STUDY BASED QUESTIONS for CBSE XII Maths (2020-21)

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