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Bone is living tissue that makes up the body's skeleton. There are 3 types of bone
tissue, including the following:
The tough, thin outer membrane covering the bones is called the periosteum.
Beneath the hard outer shell of the periosteum are tunnels and canals through
which blood and lymphatic vessels run to carry nourishment for the bone.
Muscles, ligaments, and tendons may attach to the periosteum.
Bones are classified by their shape—as long, short, flat, and irregular. Primarily,
they are referred to as long or short.
There are 206 bones in the human skeleton, not including teeth and sesamoid
bones (small bones found within cartilage):
80 axial bones. This includes the head, facial, hyoid, auditory, trunk, ribs,
and sternum.
126 appendicular bones. This includes arms, shoulders, wrists, hands,
legs, hips, ankles, and feet.
Osteoblast. Found within the bone, its function is to form new bone tissue.
Osteoclast. A very large cell formed in bone marrow, its function is to
absorb and remove unwanted tissue.
Osteocyte. Found within the bone, its function is to help maintain bone as
living tissue.
Hematopoietic. Found in bone marrow, its function is to produce red
blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.