THE HUMAN BODY ORGAN

SYSTEM

SKELETAL
SYSTEM
Skeletal System

The skeletal system works as a

support structure for your body. It
gives the body its shape, allows
movement, makes blood cells,
provides protection for organs and
stores minerals. The skeletal system
is also called the musculoskeletal
system.
What are the parts of the skeletal system?
The skeletal system is a network of many
different parts that work together to help you
move. The main part of your skeletal system
consists of your bones, hard structures that
create your body’s framework — the skeleton.
There are 206 bones in an adult human
skeleton. Each bone has three main layers:

Periosteum: The periosteum is a tough

membrane that covers and protects the outside
of the bone.
Compact bone: Below the periosteum,
compact bone is white, hard, and smooth.
It provides structural support and
protection.

Spongy bone: The core, inner layer of

the bone is softer than compact bone. It
has small holes called pores to store
marrow.
The other components of your skeletal system include:

Cartilage: This smooth and flexible substance

covers the tips of your bones where they meet.
It enables bones to move without friction
(rubbing against each other).

Joints: A joint is where two or more bones in

the body come together. There are three
different joint types. The types of joints are:

Immovable joints: Immovable joints don’t let

the bones move at all, like the joints between
your skull bones.
 Partly movable joints: These joints allow
limited movement. The joints in your rib cage
are partly movable joints.

Movable joints: Movable joints allow a wide

range of motion. Your elbow, shoulder, and
knee are movable joints.

Ligaments: Bands of strong connective tissue

called ligaments hold bones together.

Tendons: Tendons are bands of tissue that

connect the ends of a muscle to your bone.
What are some common conditions that can
affect the skeletal system?
Many conditions can affect the bones, joints, and
tissues that make up the skeletal system. Some
happen as a result of disease or injury. Others
develop due to wear and tear as you get older.
Conditions that may affect the skeletal system
can include:

Arthritis: Age, injury, and medical

conditions can lead to arthritis.

Fracture: Disease, a tumor, or trauma can put

stress on a bone, causing it to break.
Osteoporosis: Bone loss caused by not
getting enough calcium can lead to fragile
and brittle bones, known as osteoporosis.

Sprains and tears: Age, disease and trauma

can cause connective tissue to overstretch
and tear.
How can I keep my skeletal system healthy?

To keep your skeletal system strong and healthy,

you should:
-Get plenty of vitamin D and calcium in your diet
(try milk, yogurt or almonds) to keep bones
strong.
-Drink plenty of water to help keep tissues
healthy.
-Exercise regularly to strengthen bones and
joints.
-Stay at a healthy weight to avoid putting extra
pressure on your bones and cartilage.
-Wear protective gear during contact sports such
as football and hockey.
What happens when you break a bone?
Your healthcare provider will classify a fracture
based on the way the bone breaks. Types of
fractures include:
Stable (closed): The ends of the broken bones
line up.
Stress fracture: Overuse causes a crack in the
bone.
Open (compound): The broken bone breaks the
skin.
If you break a bone, you’ll need an imaging test
called an X-ray so your doctor can identify the
type of fracture. Depending on the severity of the
break, you’ll need to immobilize it (prevent it from
moving) in a cast or brace for three to eight
weeks. Broken bones can take several months to
heal completely.
THANK YOU AND GOOD
DAY!

GREGGO N. LEGASPI, LPT

Course Instructor