Remember I give my HEART to you.

Welcome to
Science class
The Skeletal System
What do you Why is it
think these important to
buildings have support
made of? and framework?
Do you have any
idea how many
bones your body
206 bones
has ?

All the bones of the body

make up the skeleton, your
body’s framework.
THE BONES

Marrow Soft tissue in the bone.

Fats are stored in yellow marrow

Red blood cells are produced in
the red marrow.
PARTS OF THE SKELETON

Axial Skeleton

It is the part of the skeleton that

consists of the bones of
the head and trunk of a vertebrate. In
the human skeleton, it consists of 80
bones .
 PARTS OF THE SKELETON

Appendicular skeleton

is composed of the collar

bones, shoulder blades, hip
bones and the bones of the
arms and legs. A total of
126 bones make up the
appendicular skeleton.
 PARTS OF THE SKELETON Axial Skeleton

The Skull
Has flat, thick, and very
strong bones.

Part of the skull that

Cranium
encloses and protect the
brain.
Protect the structures
Facial bones
connected to the eyes,
nose, mouth, and ears.
PARTS OF THE SKELETON
Spinal
column

It is made up of a series of
26 hollow bones called
vertebra. It supports the
head and the trunk.
 PARTS OF THE SKELETON Axial Skeleton

The rib cage

Is the wall of the chest that

encloses the heart and the
lungs. 12 pairs of
ribs

Sternum
Flat long bone found in
the middle of the chest.
 The Bones of the Arms and
Appendicular Skeleton
Legs

Clavicles and scapulae

Scapulae or
shoulder blades

these bones stabilize

the rib cage and
connect the shoulder
to the arm. Clavicles or collarbones
 The Bones of the Arms and
Appendicular Skeleton
Legs

Humerus
Humerus
upper arm bone

Ulna and radius

Lower arm bone

Radius Ulna
 The Bones of the Arms and
Appendicular Skeleton
Legs

Hip bone or pelvis

Supports the weight of the

body and connects the
backbone and the legs. It is
big and strong.
 The Bones of the Arms and
Legs

Femur

The leg bones are made up of an

upper leg bone called the femur.
It is the longest bone of the body.
The Bones of the Arms and
Legs

Patella or
Tibia fibula kneecap

They provide support to your body weight.

JOINTS

Connections between two

or more bones.
 JOINTS

Hinge joints
Movable joints

A joint that allows movement.

Hinge joints

Allow the bones to flex and extend but not

move from side to side. It moves like
hinge on a door.
 JOINTS Movable joints
Ball – and- socket joint

Ball – and- socket joint

A type of joint that allows

the connected bones to
move in many directions.
This allows circular
movement
JOINTS Movable joints
Ball – and- socket joint

Gliding joint

Joints responsible for

smooth and continuous
gliding movements.
JOINTS Movable joints

Pivot joint

Allows a bone to rotate

around another bone.
JOINTS Movable joints

Ball – and- socket joint

Fixed joint

Joints that do not allow

movements.
 THE BONES

Cartilage
Smooth and slippery
fibrous tissue that coated
the bones.
It produces a certain fluid
called the synovial fluid
that lubricates the bones.
 THE BONES

Ligaments

Tough bands of connective

tissues.
THE BONES

Tendon

Connective tissues that

connect muscles to bones.
Common Injuries, Diseases, and
Disorders of the Skeletal
System
Fracture A break or a cut in a bone

Two kinds of fracture

1. Simple or closed fracture

2. Compound or open fracture

 Common Injuries, Diseases, and
Disorders of the Skeletal
System
Joint Injuries

Three kinds of joint injuries

1. Sprain occurs when great pressure is exerted

on the tendons and ligaments around
an ankle joint, causing them to be
overstretched.
 Three kinds of sprain injuries

2. Dislocation Happens when the ends of the bone

are pulled out of the joint usually
accompanied by a torn ligament or
sometimes a bone fracture.

3. Torn cartilage Occurs when a joint experiences a

strong blow or impact from an
outside force often on knees of
athletes.
Care for the Skeletal System

1. Eat food rich in calcium like milk, cheese and other dairy
products.
2. Include food rich in vitamin D in your diet.
3. Exercise everyday to have healthy bones.
4. Observe these safety measure:
a. when driving a motorcycle or bicycle wear your helmet.
b. when engaging in sports use safety gear.
c. when inside a moving vehicle fasten your seatbelt.
Gold Mine

Be Careful with your Bones

As a child, you tend to be carefree and less cautious in your

physical movements. Be careful. Avoid daring acts and stunts
that will put your bones, especially your spinal column , at risk.
Damage to this part of your skeletal framework may render you
paralyzed for life.
An ounce preventions is better than a pound of rice.