Musculoskeletal system

RIZKE, NAJWA ABDELALIM A

Musculoskeletal system
Is one of the body systems that
provides support, stability, shape, and
movement to the body.
The musculoskeletal system is a
combination of 2 systems (muscular
and skeletal systems) that are working
together to support and move the
body.
Musculoskeletal system
It consists of the body's bones,
muscles, tendons, ligaments, joints,
cartilage, and other connective tissue.
Musculoskeletal system
The bones of the skeletal system
serve to protect the body's organs,
support the weight of the body, and
give the body shape.
The muscles of the muscular system
attach to these bones, pulling on them
to allow for movement of the body.
Human skeleton
The skeletal system includes all of the
bones and joints in the body.
It protects the internal organs, supports
and gives shape to the body and allows
for movement.
It also the site of blood cell production,
which occurs in the marrow of some
bones.
 Bones
The Bone is the substance that forms the
skeleton of the body bones are what gives
the body its shape.
The Babies body have more than 300
bones and adults have 206 bones.
Bones types

Irregular bones Flat bones Short bones Long bones

 Bones
Long bones are bones longer than they
are wide, most of the bones of the upper
and lower limbs are long bone.

Short bones are bones approximately

as wide as they are long, examples of
that are the wrist and ankle bones
 Bones
Flat bones have a relatively thin
flattened shape example of that are the
certain skull bones, rids, and shoulder
Irregular bones include the vertebrae
and facial bones
Human skeleton
The human skeleton is divided into two
parts:
A. the axial skeleton and
.B. appendicular skeleton
Human skeleton
The axial skeleton consists of:
a. the skull, which protects the brain and
supports facial structure
b. The spine, which surrounds and
protects the spinal cord and support the
head
c. the rib cage, which surrounds and
protects the organs within the chest
(including heart and lungs)
Human skeleton
The appendicular skeleton consists of:
the shoulders, upper and lower limbs
(arms and legs), the pelvic (hip bones)
 Muscular system
Its system of the body that gives an individual
the ability to move using their muscular and
skeletal systems.
Type of muscle:
◦ Skeletal muscle
◦ Smooth muscle
◦ Cardiac muscle
 Type of muscle
Skeletal muscle: is part of what contain the musculoskeletal
system, which connects muscles and bones for voluntary body
movements. Attached to both ends of a bone by the tendons.

Smooth muscle: Involved in involuntary motion, eyes, stomach and

bladder muscle

Cardiac muscle: Makes up the thick, inner layer of the heart, enables
the heart muscle to pump continuously and involuntarily without resting.
Joints, Cartilage, Ligaments, and
Tendons
Joints the point at which two or more bones
connect, can be fixed, slightly movable, or
freely movable; They allow body to move. The
configuration of a joint determines the degree
and direction of possible motion. The joint
ends of the bones are covered with cartilage
Cartilage acts as a shock absorber to reduce
friction.
Joints, Cartilage, Ligaments, and
Tendons
Ligaments Tough fibrous connective tissue which
attaches bone to bone, ligaments surround joints and
bind them together, help stabilize the joint, keeping it
from moving outside of its intended range of motion.
Tendons Fibrous connective tissue which connect the
skeletal system to the muscular system by attaching
muscle to bone. When muscle contracts, the tendon
acts on the bone, causing movement.