Theory is a supposition or a system of ideas intended to explain something.

Greek Word- "Theoria" - Comtemplation or speculation.

Hearsey- "Chismis"
Demonological Theory - Geh sapian daw ug demon

Law
Anomie
Normless
Re-imbursement

School of thoughts

Classical School
Neoclassical School
Positivist School
POSITIVIST
1.Biological Approach/Theory - Cesare Lombroso

Classical theory
Cesare Beccaria - crime and punishment
Jeremy Bentham - Pain and Pleasure principle
Hedonism
Torture - Divine Intervention
Age of Enlightenment - 17th - 18th Century
-Social Contract - Band together

Classical School Theory

R.A 6975- Tri - Bureau
CJS
1.Law enforcement - prime mover
2.Prosecution
3.Court - Trial
4.Correction Therapeutic Modalities
5.Community

Restraint

Heritage of Classical School

A. Rationality - free will - choice nimo or kagustohan - consequence
B. Hedonism - Pleasure and Pain (Reward and Punishment) Hedonist
C. Punishment
D. Human rights - Cases self-defense
E. Due process

Winter Dyk - 4 general Principle

1.Equality - Equal Treatment and Fair need to be equality pantay² dapat.
2.Liberty - Protected from abused.
Retroactivity - Law should applied backward
Exemption - Favorable to the Accused.
3.Utilitarianism - Educate for goodness of all.
It is for everyone.
4.Humanitarianism - punishment should only fair and humane
Maka tao ang punishment

3 Principle of Punishment
●Swift effective
It is applicable for everyone. Not only on one person.
 ●Certain
Dapat kabalo ka kung unsa ka bug-anaton ang imong punishment.
●Severe
Lahi2 ug kabugatun.
Neoclassical Theory
-Circumstances that are impossible to exercise free will
Cryptomania
Pathology - uncontrollable
Incompetence - Bata na ni commit ug crime.
Insanity/Mental Disorder - Frustrated, Depression.

Lawrence Cohen and Marcus Felson

Routine Activity Theory / Lifestyle

3 Element
1.Available Target
- Victim
2.Motivated
- Criminal
3.Lack of Guardians
- walay mo alalay

2 Situational choice Theory

Opportunity, Cost, and Benefits

Critique of rational choice Theory

A. Just Dessert
- Criminal offender deserve their punishment
B. Deterrence.
- to Control
C. Capital punishment
- Death penalty
Positivist Theory
Let the punishment fits the criminal
Cesare Lombroso - Biological approach
Biological Theory
1.Constitutional Theory/Somatotyping (Ernest Kretschmer)
●Asthenic - tikig
●Pyknic - tambok
●Athletic - Bodybuild

William Sheldon
1.Endomorphic - Sociable
2.Mesomorphic - Aggressive
3.Ectomorphic - Introvert

Enrico Ferri - Law of Criminal Saturation

Raffaele Garofalo - Psychological approach

Physical feature and crime

1.Phrenology - "Skull"
2.Physiognomy - "Nose"
ASSIGNMENT:
Modern Biological Theory
1.Criminal Families
2.The XYY Supermale
3.Twin Studies and Heredity
4.Adoption Studies Genetic Theory
5.Weather and Crime
 6.Chemical and Environmental precursors of crime.

ADVANCE STUDY
PSYCHOLOGICAL and PSYCHIATRIC FOUNDATION OF CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR