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This chapter is going to show you:

how to calculate with integers and

decimals
how to round numbers to a given number
of significant figures
how to work out and recognise multiples,
factors, prime numbers and squares,
cubes and their roots
how to find the prime factors of a number
how to work out lowest common
multiples (LCM)
how to work out highest common factors
(HCF)
how to calculate with negative numbers.

You should already know:

how to add, subtract, multiply and divide

with integers
what multiples, factors, square numbers
and prime numbers are
the BIDMAS/BODMAS rule and how to
substitute values into simple algebraic
expressions.

About this chapter

Most jobs require some knowledge of

mathematics. For any job, you should be
competent in the basic number skills of
addition, subtraction, multiplication and
division, using whole numbers, fractions
and decimals. You should know when it
is sensible to use estimation or
approximation and when it is important
to have exact answers.

You need to be able to identify the skills

required when questions are set in real-
life situations, in preparation for the
world of work. Here are some examples
of mathematical problems faced in a
range of jobs: cashiers need to know
what coins to give in change; pilots need
to work out how much fuel they need
and what direction to fly the plane;
delivery drivers need to work out their
best route to save time and fuel; doctors
need to know how much medicine to
prescribe for different ages and weights
of patients.

How many other jobs can you think of

that require mathematics?

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