byjusexamprep.

com

1
byjusexamprep.com

GATE 2023 Engineering Sciences (XE): Major Highlights

➢ Overall Difficulty Level: Moderate

➢ MSQ Weightage: 4 Qs.
➢ NAT Weightage: 39 Qs.
➢ MCQ Weightage: 22 Qs.
➢ Thermodynamics was easy to moderate.
➢ Few questions from PYQs of XE and ME.
➢ Fluid Mechanics: 22 Qs. (1 Mark - 9 Qs., 2 Marks - 13 Qs.)
➢ Strength of Materials: 22 Qs. (1 Mark - 9 Qs., 2 Marks - 13 Qs.)
➢ Engineering Mathematics: 15 Qs. (1 Mark - 7 Qs., 2 Marks - 4 Qs.)

GATE 2023 Engineering Sciences (XE): Marking Scheme

Subject Total Marks

General Aptitude 15

Engineering Mathematics (XE-A) 15

XE-B/C/D/E/F/G/H (Any-One) 35

XE-B/C/D/E/F/G/H (Any-One) 35

Total 100

GATE 2023 Engg. Sciences (XE): Last 3 Year's Comparison

GATE XE 2023 2022 2021 2020

MCQ 39 45 51 52
MSQ 4 6 1 0
NAT 22 36 35 35

2
byjusexamprep.com

GATE 2023 Engg. Sciences (XE): Exam Pattern & Marking Scheme

Total Total
Subjects/Sections 1 Mark Qs. 2 Mark Qs.
Qs. Marks

General Aptitude 5 (1 to 5) 5 (6 to 10) 10 15 Compulsory

Engineering Mathematics (XE-A) 7 (11 to 17) 4 (18 to 21) 11 15 Compulsory

Fluid Mechanics (XE-B) 9 (22 to 30) 13 (31 to 43) 22 35

Material Science (XE-C) 9 (44 to 52) 13 (53 to 65) 22 35

Solid Mechanics (XE-D) 9 (66 to 74) 13 (75 to 87) 22 35

Thermodynamics (XE-E) 9 (88 to 96) 13 (97 to 109) 22 35

Any Two
Subjects
Polymer Science and Engineering
9 (110 to 118) 13 (119 to 131) 22 35
(XE-F)

Food Technology (XE-G) 9 (132 to 140) 13 (141 to 153) 22 35

Atmospheric and Ocean Science

9 (154 to 162) 13 (163 to 175) 22 35
(XE-H)

3
byjusexamprep.com

General Aptitude

1. The village was nested in a green spot C. The mean is at least as large as the
______ the ocean and hills median
A. through B. in D. Almost half the candidates have a score
C. between D. at that is larger than the median
[MCQ - 1 Mark] [MCQ - 2 Marks]
Ans. C Ans. D
Sol. between Sol. 1. Mean can be greater, equal to or less
than the median. So, statements (a) and
2. A frabjous number is 3 digit number with (c) are not accurate.
all odd digits, and no two (adjacent) digits 2. Mean is the average of the values
being the same. For e.g., 137 is frabjous given (in this case, scores of candidates)
and 133 is not frabjous. How many 3. Median is the middle value among the
frabjous numbers exist? given set of values (scores of candidates)
A. 125 B. 720 obtained by arranging the values in
C. 60 D. 80 ascending or descending order and
[MCQ - 1 Mark] choosing the middle value.
Ans. D Therefore, almost half the candidates
Sol. Odd digits = 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 have a score larger than the median
Total odd digits = 5 (since it is the middle value)
Let the 3 digit numbers be abc Option (D) is correct.
→ a can be any of the 5 choices.
Since adjacent digits do not repeat 5. Ankita has to climb 5 stairs starting at the
→ b can be any of the remaining 4 choices. ground while respecting the following
→ c can be any of the remaining 4 choices. rules
Note: Numbers such as 757 will also be 1. At any stage, Ankita can move either
frabjous since the criteria is that only one or two stairs up.
adjacent digits are not same. Alternate 2. At any stage Ankita cannot move to a
digits (a and c) can be same. lower step.
∴ Total frabjous numbers = 5 × 4 × 4 = 80 Let F(N) denote the number of possible
ways in which Ankita can reach Nth stair.
3. Disagree: Protest :: Agree : ___ (By word F(1) = 1, F(2) = 2, F(3) = 3 then F(5) =
meaning) A. 8 B. 5
A. Pretext B. Refuse C. 6 D. 7
C. Refute D. Recommend [MCQ - 2 Marks]
[MCQ - 1 Mark] Ans. A
Ans. D Sol. According to the rules, number of
Sol. Pretext means an excuse. possible ways for Ankita to climb 5
Refuse means to reject. stairs-
Refute means to disprove. 1+1+1+1+1
Recommend means to suggest. 2+1+1+1
4. Which among the following statements 1+2+1+1
must be TRUE about the mean and the 1+1+2+1
median of the scores of all candidates 1+1+1+2
appearing for GATE 2023? 2+2+1
A. The median is at least as large as the 2+1+2
mean. 1+2+2
B. Almost half the candidates have a score Note: Number denotes the total number
that is larger than the mean. of stairs climbed in one go.
Total possible ways = 8

4
byjusexamprep.com

Engineering Mathematics (XE-A)

4 Hence,
6. P (telling truth) = . An unbiased dice is
6 B(λ1 = 1) = A2 + 2A + I = 4
thrown by the same person twice and the B(λ2 = 2) = A2 + 2A + I = 9
person reports the number appeared in B(λ3 = 3) = A2 + 2A + I = 16
both the throws are same probability rat So eigen value of B is 4, 9, 16
actual number appeared in both the
throws are same ________ . 8. The value of vector field
[NAT - 2 Marks] F(x, y) = (4xmy2 = 2xy m )iˆ + (2x 4 y − 3x 2 y 2 )j
Ans. 0.285 is a conservative vector field ______.
4 2 [NAT]
Sol. P(truth) = =
6 3
2 1 Ans. 3
P(lie) = =
6 3 Sol. F(x, y) = (4xmy2 = 2xy m )iˆ + (2x 4 y − 3x 2 y 2 )j
Now two condition exist on tossing the For conservative field
dice twice
ˆi ˆj ˆ
k
1. getting same outcome
6 1   
P(same) = = =0
36 6 x y z
2. getting different outcome (4xmy2 − 2xym ) (2x 4 y − 3x2 y2 ) 0
30 5 ˆ
ˆi[0] − ˆj[0 − 0] + k[(8x 3
y − 6xy2 ) − (8xmy − 2mxym−1 )]
P(different) = =
36 6
8x3y – 6xy2 = 8xmy – 2mxym–1
So, m = 3.

9. If the quadrature formula

1 1 1 
−1 f(x)dx = 9  C1f(−1) + C2f  2  + C3f(1) 
is exact for all polynomial degree less
than or equal 2 then.
P(of getting same) = P(same when C2
C
reported truth) + P(different when A. C1 + 2 + C3 = 4 B. C1 + + C3 = 6
3 4
reported lie)
C
1 2 5 1 7 C. C1 + 2 + C3 = 2 D. C1 + C2 + C3 = 5
=  +  = 2
6 3 6 3 18
[MCQ]
Now,
Ans. B
1 2
 Sol. Let, f(x) = a + bx + cx2
2
P(actual same) = 6 3 = = 0.285 1
7 7 −1
f(x)dx
18
1  b c 
= c1(a − b + c) + c2 a + +  + C3(a + b + c)
9  2 4 
7. Let A(3 × 3) eigen value 1, 2 and 3, B =
A2 + 2A + I eigen value of B 2c 1   c2 
2a + = (c1 + c2 + c3 )a +  −c1 + + c3  b +
A. 1, 2, 3 B. 4, 16, 25 3 9  2 
C. 1, 4, 9 D. 4, 9, 16  c2  
Ans. D  c1 + + c3  c 
 4  
Sol. λ1 = 1
λ2 = 2 Comparing both side
λ3 = 3 C1 + C2 + C3 1 C2  2
=2  C1 + + C3  =
Given B = A2 + 2A + I 9 9 4  3
A = 3 × 3 matrix C2
Eigen value of A will be satisfying equation C1 + + C3 = 6
4
B as well
5
byjusexamprep.com

Fluid Mechanics (XE-B)

10. A water jet (ρ = 1000 kg/m3) is 11. Axial velocity profile u(r) for an
approaching a vertical plate, having an axisymmetric flow through circular tube of
orifice at centre as shown. While a part of radius R is given as
the jet passes through orifice and u (r )
 r
1/n
= 1 − 
remainder flow along the plate. Neglect U  R
friction and assume both the inlet and
where U is centerline velocity. If V refers
exits jet to have circular cross section. If
to area averaged velocity (vol. flow rate
V = 5 m/sec, D = 100 mm, d = 25 mm,
per unit area) then the ratio of V/U for n
magnitude of horizontal force required to
= 1 is _____
hold the plate in its position is
[NAT - 2 Marks]

u (r )
 r
1/n
Sol. = 1 − 
U  R
U → Umaximum → centerline velocity
Now,
R
Discharge Q = R2Vavg =  u (r ) 2rdr
0

R
1/n
[NAT- 2 Marks] R2 Vavg = 2  U (1 − r / R ) rdr
Ans. 184.07 N 0

Sol. R 1/n 
R2 Vavg = 2U   (1 − r / R ) rdr 
 0 

As n = 1 given
R R 2
r 
R2 Vavg = 2U   rdr −  dr 
 0 0
R 

 R2 R3 
= 2U  − 
 2 3R 


Given,  R2 
R2 Vavg = 2U  
Diameter, D = 100 mm  6 
 
d = 25 mm
Vavg 1
Velocity, V = 5 m/s =
U 3
Density of water ρ = 100 kg/m3
Force = change in lines momentum
12. In steady 2D incompressible flow, u and v
F = ρQ1V – ρQ2V
are x and y component of flow velocity
 2
= V 2
D − d2  and ρ is density. Among the following pair
4 
of relations, which one satisfies definition

= 1000  5   0.12 – 0.0252 
2
of stream function ()
4  
[MSQ - 2 Marks]
= 184.07 N

6
byjusexamprep.com
  14. Water (ρ = 1000 kg/m3) and alcohol (G =
A. u = − and v =
y x 0.7) enter Y shaped channel at a Q of 0.2
  m3/sec and 0.3 m3/sec. Their mix leaves
B. u = and v = − through other end of channel as shown
y x
average density of mix is _____
 
C. u = and v = − [NAT - 2 Marks]
y x
 
D. u = − and v = −
x y
[MSQ - 2 Marks]
Ans. A, B, C
Sol. Given, steady 2D incompressible flow
Stream function is defined for 2-D Sol.
incompressible flow such that,
 
1. u = and v = −
y x
 
2. u = − and v =
y x
 
3. u = − and v =
y x Applying mass conversation
  m1 + m2 = m3
4. u = and v = −
y x 1Q1 + 2Q2 = avg  (Q1 + Q2 )
1000 × 0.2 + 700 × 0.3 = ρavg × (0.2 +
13. The momentum thickness expressed as 0.3)
[MCQ - 1 Mark] avg = 820 kg/m3

u
A.  u dy 15. For a potential flow, the fluid velocity is
0
given by

 u 
B.  1 − u  dy V ( x, y ) = ui + v j
0
Slope of potential line at (x, y) is

u  2
[MCQ - 2 Marks]
C.  1 −  dy
 u2  u v
0   A. B. −

v u
u  u 
D.  u 1 − u  dy C.
v
D. −
u
0 u v
Ans. D Ans. D
Sol. Momentum thickness: It is the distance Sol. Potential function = 
perpendicular to the boundary layer of the 
u=−
body over which flow occurs by which the x
boundary should be displaced to 
v=−
compensate for the reduction in the y
momentum of the flowing fluid due to  
d = dx + dy
boundary layer formation. x y
It is given by For equipotential line d = 0

u  u  0 = –udx – vdy
=  u 1 − u  dy dy u
0 =−
dx v
7
byjusexamprep.com
16. Consider steady fully developed Ans. 2.28
incompressible flow of Newtonian fluid Sol.
between two infinite parallel plate. The
plate moves in the opposite direction as
shown. In absence of body force and
pressure grad ratio of 𝛕top/𝛕bottom?

0.5
FH = ρg (0.5 × 1) × = 1.226 kN
2
[MCQ - 2 Marks] 1 2
FV = ρg ×     ( 0.5)  = 1.926 kN
A. U1 + U2 B. U1/2  4 
U1 − U2
C. D. 1 Fn = FH2 + FV2
U2
= 2.28 kN/n
Ans. D
Sol.
18. Water flow around a thin flat (0.25 m
long, 2 m wide) with U∞ = 1 m/sec.
Consider linear velocity profile (U/U∞ =
y/δ) for which the laminar boundary layer
Relative velocity = U1 + U2 thick is expressed as  = 3.5x / Rex . For
Shear stress water (⍴ = 1000 kg/m3) and µ = 0.001
du kg/m sec. Net drag force acting on plate,
=
dy Neglecting the end effects is
[U1 + U2 ]
= = constant
H
top
=1
bottom
[NAT - 2 Marks]
17. A stationary circular pipe of radius R = 0.5 Sol. Given,
m is half filled with water (ρ = 1000 Length, L = 0.25 m,
kg/m3) whereas upper half is filled with air Wide, b = 2 m
at atmospheric pressure as shown. g = Velocity, U∞ = 1 m/s
9.81 m/sec2. Magnitude of force per unit
length (in kN/m) applied by water on pipe
section AB is

Given,
3.5x
=
Rex
3.5L
=
ReL
UL 103  1  0.25
ReL = = = 250000
 10−3
3.5  0.25
= = 1.75  10–3
[NAT - 2 Marks] 250000
8
byjusexamprep.com
0 d  
We know, = …(i) 1000  0.052  8 1 1 
U2
dx =  −
 0.1 4
2
( ) (0.2 )4 
 U  U   y y  2
=  0 U
1 −

 dy =
U  
0
 − 2  dy
   =
1000  9375  0.052  8
2
  
= − = ΔP = 18997.72 N/m2Pa
2 3 6
= 18.9 kPa
From eq. (i)
1 d
0 = U2 20. Consider steady incompressible flow of a
6 dx
Newtonian fluid over a horizontal flat plate
1 d
FD =  0  bdx = 6
U2
dx
 bdx Boundary Layer Theory is proportional to
[MCQ - 2 Marks]
1
= U2b A. x 1/2
B. x–1/2
6
C. x2 D. x1/4
1
FD =  103  12  2  0.00175 Ans. A
6
Sol. Boundary layer thickness is given by
= 0.583 N
5x
=
Rex
19. Water (⍴ = 1000 kg/m3) flow steadily with
Q = 0.05 m3/s through venturimeter U x
Re x =

having d = 100 mm. The pipe diameter D
= 200 mm, and losses are negligible, 
=5 x
pressure drop between an upstream U
location in pipe and the throat is (kPa)   x
______
[NAT - 2 Marks]
21. Which is true
Ans. (18.8 to 19.2)
(i) Conservation of mass for an unsteady
Sol. Using Bernoulli’s equation
incompressible flow can be represented as
P1 V12 P V2
+ + Z1 = 2 + 2 + Z2   v = 0.
pg 2g pg 2g
upstream throat
(ii) Circulation is defined as the line
integral of vorticity about a closed loop
As, Q = 0.005 m3/sec = Q1 = Q2
(iii) For some fluids,  can be nonlinear
Pipe diameter ⇒ d1 = 200 mm
function of shear strain rate.
Throat diameter ⇒ d2 = 100 mm
(iv) Integration of Euler’s along a
Losses are negligible.
streamline under steady state leads to
 V2 V2 
P = P1 − P2 = P  2 − 1  Bernoulli’s equation
 2 2 
 A. (i), (ii) and (iii) B. (i) and (ii)
 Q2 Q2  C. (i), (ii) and (iv) D. (iii) and (iv)
= P 2 − 1  [MSQ]
 2A2 2A2 
 2 1 
Ans. D
PQ2  16  1 1  Sol. (iii) and (iv) are true.
=  − 
2    d2 d14 
2  4
Integration of Euler’s along a streamline
under steady state leads to Bernoulli’s
PQ2  8  1 1 
( P ) =  − 
 d4 d4  equation.
2  2 1 

9
byjusexamprep.com
22. Among shear stress versus shear strain Sol. Equation of streamline
rate curves, which one corresponds to dx dy
=
shear thinning fluids. u v
y = −xi + yj
As  
u v
dx dy
− =
x y
–lnx = lny + lnc
[MCQ]
ln(x) + ln(y) = ln(c)
Sol. Pseudoplastic (R) → corresponds to shear
ln(xy) = lnc
thinning fluids (n less than 1).
xy = c
At point (2,1) and (5, p)
23. A stationary objective fully subject in a
2×1=5×p
static fluid. Which statement is correct?
Or p = 2/5
25.

A. object is in neutral equation if yCG = yCB

A. Bernoulli equation cannot be applied in
B. Unstable equation if yCG = yCB
Region I
C. stable equation if yCG < yCB
B. Bernoulli equation can be applied in
D. stable equation if yCG > yCB
Region I only along streamline.
[MSQ]
C. Bernoulli equation cannot be applied in
Ans. A and D
Region I
Sol. Stable → CB should be above CG
D. Bernoulli equation can be applied in
Unstable → CB should be below CG
Region I between any two arbitrary
Neutral → CB should coincide CG
points.
24. For a 2D flow field given as V = −xi + yj , a [MCQ]
streamline passes through points (2, 1) Ans. B
and (5, p), value of p is Sol. Bernoulli equation can be applied in
A. 5 B. 5/2 Region I only along streamline.
C. 2 D. 2/5
[MCQ]
Ans. B

10
byjusexamprep.com

Solid Mechanics (XE-D)

26. A this walled, closed cylinder vessel of

inside diameter d and wall thickness t 28. A block of mass m = 10 kg is lying on
coteries fluid under pressure p. fig shows inclined plane PQ. The mass is restrained

part of cylindrical vessel perpendicular to from sliding down by a force F. Coefficient

of friction between block and plane is 0.3.
axis of cylinder σ1 and σ2 are
The minimum force F required is ____ N.
Take g = 10 m/sec2.

A. σ1 = pd/t σ2 = pd/2t
B. σ1 = pd/2t, σ2 = pd/4t
C. σ1 = pd/4t, σ2 = pd/2t [MCQ - 2 Marks]
D. σ1 = pd/2t, σ2 = 0 Ans. (23 to 25)
[MCQ - 2 Marks] Sol. Free body diagram of block,
Ans. B
Sol. s2 = parallel to longitudinal axis
s2 = Longitudinal stress
pd
=
4t
Pd
1 = Hoop stress =
2t
F + FF – mg sin30 = 0
27. State of strain at point in machine
F = mg sin30 – μ N
component is ϵxx = 2.5 x 10–4, ϵyy = 20 ×
F = mg (sin 30 – μ cos 30)
10–4 ϵzz = -1.5 × 10–4, ϵxy = 2.5 × 10–4, ϵyz
1 3
= –0.5 × 10–4, ϵyz = –1 × 10–4 volumetric F = 10  10  − 0.3  
 2 2 
strain is _____
F = 24.01 N
A. 3 × 10–4 B. –5 × 10–4
C. –3 × 10–4 D. 4 × 10–4 29. Consider a solid cylindrical shaft & a
[MCQ - 2 Marks] hollow cylinder shaft. Both shafts are
Ans. A axisymmetric & elastic. Both shafts have
Sol. Given, same cross section. Hollow shaft has
 xx = 2.5  10−4  yy = 2.0  10 −4 Doutside = 150 mm and Dinside = 120 mm.
When both shafts twisted by same
zz = −1.5  10−4
twisting moment, then ratio of hollow max/
−4 −4
 xy = 2.5  10 yz = −0.5  10 solid max is _____.
[NAT - 2 Marks]
zx = −1  10−4
Ans. (0.30 to 0.40)
Volumetric strain Sol. Given a solid cylindrical shaft and a
ev = exx + eyy + ezz hollow cylindrical shaft have same cross-
= 2.5 × 10 –4
+ 2 × 10 –4
– 1.5 × 10 –4
section area and same elastic properties.
ev = 3 × 10 –4
Hollow → Do = 150 mm

11
byjusexamprep.com
Di = 120 mm Ans. (1.8 to 2.2)
AH = AS Sol. Applying bending equation

4
(
 2 
D0 – Di2 = D2S
4
) 
y
=
E
R
1502 – 1202 = DS2  y
DS = 90 mm =
E R
Applying torsional equation d
ϵ= …(i)
T  2R
= max
J R
Both shafts are twisted by same twisting
moment hence
1
max 
zp


H,max ( zP )S  D3s
= = 16
S,max ( zP )H   Do – Di 
4 4
 
16  Do  from the properties of the chord of a circle
L2
H, max 903  150 δ(2R – δ) =
Or, = = 0.365 4
S, max (150 4
– 1204 ) L2
2Rδ – δ =
4
30. For a plane stress problem, the principal Neglecting δ2 term as compared to 2Rδ
stresses are 100 MPa and 50 MPa. The
L2
magnitude of maximum shear stress in 2Rδ =
4
the material is ______.
L2
2R = …(ii)
4
[NAT - 1 Mark]
From equations (i) and (ii)
Ans. (50 to 50)
d 4d 4  0.01  0.05
Sol. Given principal stresses, ϵ= = =
2
2R L 12
σ1 = 100 MPa σ2 = 50 MPa
ϵ = 2 × 10–3
Maximum shear stress in the material,
1 100
abs. max = = = 50 MPa
2 2 32. A uniform cantilever beam has flexural
rigidity EI and length L. It is subjected to
31. A slender uniform elastic rod of length 1 a concentrated force F & moment M = 2FL
m and of solid circular cross section of at free end as shown. δ at free end is
diameter D = 50 mm is originally straight.
It is then loaded by equal and opposite
end moments as shown. The resulting
lateral displacement of mid point of the 4 FL3 7 FL3
A. B.
rod is 100 mm. The maximum longitude 3EI 6 EI

strain in the rod is p × 10–3, p = ? 11FL3 8 FL3

C. D.
12 EI 9 EI
[MCQ - 2 Marks]
Ans. A
[NAT - 2 Marks]
12
byjusexamprep.com
Sol. V = 0
FPS sin  = RP
 L  F
FPS  =
 L2 + (2L)2  2
 
δ = δdue to F + δdue to M 1 F
FPS  =
5 2
FL3 (2FL ) L
2
FL3 ML2
= + = +
3EI 2EI 3EI 2EI 5
FPS = F (comp)
3
4 FL 2
=
3 EI
34. A steel ball of m = 10 kg is suspended
33. A plane truss is simply supported at P and from the ceiling of a moving carriage by 2
R as shown. A downward force F is applied inextensible strings making 60° angle
at hinge Q. The axis force developed in from horizontal. The carriage has
member PS is acceleration (a) such that the tension in
the string on the right is double the
tension in string on left, g = 10 m/sec2.
a=?

5 5
A. F (comp.) B. F (Tensile)
2 2
C. 5 F (comp.) D. 5 F (Tensile)
[MCQ - 2 Marks]
[MCQ - 2 Marks]
Ans. A
Sol. RP and RR consider as reaction forces at Ans. (1.75 to 2.05)
support. Sol.
Taking moment of R.
F × L = RP × 2L
RP = F/2

V = 0
T sin 60° +2T sin 60° = mg
3 T sin 60° = Mg …(i)
As per Newton’s second law in horizontal
direction
Free body diagram of point P
2T cos 60° – T cos 60° = ma
T cos 60° = Ma …(ii)
Divide equation (i) by (ii)
3 tan 60° = g/a
g
a=
3  tan 60
10
a= = 1.92 m/s2
3 3

13
byjusexamprep.com
35. A massless rigid rod OP of length L is These in no External force in horizontal
hinged frictionlessly at O. A concentrated direction, so momentum will be conserved
mass m is attached to end P of the road. in horizontal direct so
Initially rod OP is horizontal. Then it mv cos 60° = mu cos
released from the rest. There is gravity as 1
2 = u cos 
shown. The rod acquires an angular 2
velocity as it swings. The CW angular u cos = 1 …(ii)
velocity of the rod when it first reaches Equations (1) divide by (2)
the vertical position as shown. sin 
= 0.9 3
g g cos 
A. 2 B.
L L tan a = 1.558
2g 1 g a = 57.32°
C. D.
L 2 L
37. Two equivalent descriptions of state of
[MCQ - 2 Marks]
stress at critical point are shown in figure.
Ans. C
The normal stresses σ1 and σ2 as shown
Sol. As per conservation law of energy
on the right figure must be, respectively.
[(P.E) + K.E]1 = [P.E + K.E]2
1 2
(MgL + 0) = 0 + I
2
1
MgL =  ML2 2
2
2g −0 0
= A. –t0 and t0 B. and
L 2 2
0 0
C. and − D. 0 and − 0
36. A spherical rigid ball of mass 10 kg 2 2
moving with V = 2 m/s in the direction as
[MCQ - 2 Marks]
shown in figure. Ball collides with a rigid
Ans. D
frictionless wall and rebound at an angle
Sol. AB plane is diagonal of initial plane state
α with a speed u as shown. Coefficient of
of stress.
restitution is 0.9.  = ?
Initial plane state of stress is of pure shear
stress condition. Hence Its diagonal gives
principal stresses.

[MCQ - 2 Marks]
Ans. (56.5 to 58.5)
Sol. Given
Initial velocity of ball, V = 2 m/s
Mass of ball, m = 10 kg 2
x + y  x − y  2
Coefficient of restitution 1,2 =    + xy
2  2 
u sin 
e = 0.9 =
V sin 60 x = y = 0, xy = 0
u sin  0+0
0.9 = 1,2 =  0 + 20
3 2
2
2 1,2 =  0
u sin  = 0.9 3 …(i) = ( 0 , −0 )

14
byjusexamprep.com
38. A simply supported beam of length 3 m is
shown is figure. Shear force at mid point
of beam is _____ kN.

[MCQ - 2 Marks]
Ans. (4.99 to 5.01)
Sol. Taking moment about A [MCQ - 2 Marks]
MA = 0 Ans. (80 to 80)
Sol. Given xx =120 MPa
30  1 − 10 + (10  1)  2.5 = R D  3
zz = 0
RD = 15 kN
zz = –3 x 10–4
E = 200 GPa
zz  yy 
zz = −   xx + 
E  E E 

0.3
−3  10−4 = 0 −
200  103
(
120 + yy )
For force equilibrium
yy = 80 MPa
V = 0
30 + 10 = RA + RD
40. A composite rod made of steel and copper
40 = RA + 15
is fixed immovably at its end as shown in
RA = 25 kN
figure. The cross section of both portion is
Shear force at mid point of beam
same, Es = 200 GPa, EC = 100 GPa, s =
(x = 1.5 m) 12 × 10–6/°C, c = 18 × 10–6/°C.
Composite rods are initially stress free.
Then, the temp is increased by 100°C.
The magnitude of axial stress developed
in Rod (in MPa)

[MCQ - 2 Marks]
Ans. (198 to 202)
Sol. Given
FV = RA – 30
ES = 200 GPa
FV = 25 – 30 E = 100 GPa
FV = – 5 kN s = 12 × 10–6/°C
FV = 5 kN upward c = 18 × 10–6/°C
T = 100°C
39. A thin steel plate is loaded in the x-y
plane. Take Poisson ratio μ = 0.3, E = 200
GPa. Strain along the z direction is Ezz = Total strain in composite rod is zero
–3 x 10–4 × syy = ? st + cu = 0

15
byjusexamprep.com
L
 R   R  F2  x3  F2L2
 St T −  +  Cu T − =0 =   + (x)2L
 AESt   AEcu  2EI  3 0 2EI
0

R F2L3 2F2L3 7 E2I3

 = stress =  U= + =
A 6EI 2EI 6 EI
 −6   U
12  10  100 − 9  =
 200  10  F
  
+ 18  10−6  100 − 9 
=0 14 FL3 7 Fl3
 100  10  = =
6 EI 3 EI
 1 1 
30  10−4 =   9
+ 9 
 200  10 100  10  42. A solid uniform rigid disk of mass m and
 = 20  10 Pa7
radius R without slipping along a
 = 200 MPa horizontal surface PQ. Speed of centre of
disk is V. Then disk sticks to a hurdle of
41. Consider an electric pole with dimensions height 3R/20 at point S. During the
as shown. Let the end R be subjected to a impact, there is no rebound or slip at S
vertical force F. The flexural rigidity of and no impulse from the surface PQ.
both vertical & horizontal bars is EI. Magnitude of velocity of centre of disk
Neglect axial deflection of vertical bar and immediately after impact is
all effects of self-weight. The vertical
deflection at end R is ______.

A. 0.1 V B. 0.7 V
C. 0.3 V D. 0.9 V
[MCQ - 2 Marks]
Ans. D
Sol. Conservation law of angular momentum
r × MV + Iω1 = I2ω2
A. 10 FL3/3EI B. 7 FL3/3EI
 3R  MR
2  MR2 
C. 5FL3/3EI D. 8FL3/3EI MV  R − +  =  + MR2  2

20  2 1  2 
[MCQ - 2 Marks]   
Ans. B 17R MR2 3MR2
MV  + 1 = 2
Sol. Apply strain energy theorem, 20 2 2
U = UQR + UPQ 17V V 3
+ = V2
20 2 2
27V 3
= V2
20 2
V2 = 0.9 V

43. The state of stress at the critical location

in a structure is xx = 420 MPa yy = 100
Neglecting axial load condition
MPa, zz = yz = zx = xy = 0. The yield
L 2 2L 2
(Fx) dx (FL) dx stress of the material in uniaxial tension is
U=  2EI
+  2EI
0 0 400 MPa. Which statement is correct?

16
byjusexamprep.com
A. Structure is safe by both Tresca (max) 1 y

theory and Von-mises (Distortion energy) 2 2N
B. Structure is unsafe by Tresca (max) & 420 400

safe by Von-mises (Distortion energy) 2 2N
C. Structure is safe by Tresca (max) & 400
N<
unsafe by Von-mises (Distortion energy) 420
D. Structure in unsafe by both N<1
Ans. B ⇒ Hence, structure is not safe.
Sol. The state of stress at the critical location MDET
σxx = 420 MPa σyt = 100 MPa
1 ( 1 − 2 )
 2
  
2

 1  y 
σyy = 100 MPa 12G  + (  −  ) + (  −  )  6G  N
2 2
 2 3 3 1  
There is no shear stress, σxx and σyy are
2
principal stresses. 1 (420 − 100)   400 
2

 2

σ1 = 420 MPa σ2 = 100 MPa 2  +(420 − 0) + (100 − 0)   N 
2

MSST 400
N N1
y 380
max <
2 Hence structure is safe.
 1 – 2 1 – 3 2 – 3  y
max  , , 
 2 2 2  2N

17
byjusexamprep.com

Thermodynamics (XE-E)

44. (COP)actual = 60% (COP)maximum 46. For same compression ratio,

Wactual A. ηotto > ηdiesel
Ratio of ?
Wmax imum B. ηotto = ηdiesel
C. ηotto < ηdiesel
D. None of these
Ans. A
1
Sol. otto = 1 −
(r ) −1
1   − 1 
Diesel = 1 −  
(r ) −1   (  − 1) 

  − 1 
Ans. (1.6 to 1.7) Because the term   , the value of
  (  − 1) 
Sol. Given,
(COP)actual = 60% (COP)maximum 1   − 1  1
  will be more than .
TH (r ) −1   (  − 1)  (r ) −1
(COP)HP =
TH − TL For the same compression ratio, the
300 300 efficiency of an Otto cycle is higher than
(COP)ideal = = = 15
300 − 280 20 that of the diesel cycle.
(COP)actual = 15 × 0.6 = 9 ηotto ≫ ηDiesel
Q1
Wactual =
(COP )actual 47. cV = a + bT + cT2 at T1 = 400 K and
Q1 T2 = 600 K, Find (ΔU) internal energy (in
Wmin =
(COP )ideal kJ/kmol)

(COP )ideal a, b, c is given as

Wactual
= a = 19.650, b =0.002, c = 5 × 10–6
Wminimum ( COP )actual
Ans. (4389 to 4391)
Wactual 15
= = 1.67 Sol. Given, cV = a + bT + cT2
Wminimum 9
Temperature, T1 = 400 K
T2 = 600 K,
45. Which among the following is extensive
a = 19.686 kJ/kmol
property
b = 0.002
A. Total mass
c = 5 × 10–6
B. Density
internal energy (ΔU) =?
C. Pressure
T2
D. Temperature
Ans. A
 du =  CV dT
T1
Sol. Extensive property: The extensive T2

 ( a + bT + cT ) dT
2
properties are defined as the properties U =
which depends on the amount of matter T1

present.
Ex. → Volume, mass.
= a(T2 – T1) + b
1 2
(
T − T12
2 2
) + 3c ( T
3
2 − T13 )
18
byjusexamprep.com
= 19.686 (600 – 400) 49. Match the column.
0.002 List-I List-II
+ (6002 – 4002)
2 Helmholtz  dP  hg − hf
−6 A. I.  dT  =
+
5  10
3
(600 3
− 4003 ) function  sat RT2
Gibs
= 3937.2 + 200 + 253.33 B. II. u – Ts
function
= 4390.53 kJ/kmol
Tds
C. III. h – Ts
equation
48. For diesel cycle cut off ratio = 1.5, r = 20,
Clausius
T1 = 25°C. Calculate Wnet(kJ/kg) =?
D. Clapeyron IV. Tds = dh – vdp
Ans. (331 to 331.5)
equation
Sol. Given,
Cut-off ratio, ρ = 1.5
Sol.
Compression ratio, r = 20
Temperature T1 = 25°C = 298 K List-I List-II
Pressure, P1 = 100 kPa Helmholtz function u-Ts
γ = 1.4, cP = 1.005 kJ/kgK
Gibs function h-Ts
  
1  − 1
diesel =1− Tds equation dh – vdP
r  −1   (  − 1) 
Clausius Clapeyron  dP  hg − hf
1.51.4 − 1  dT  =
1   = 67.06% equation  sat RT2
diesel = 1 −
20 1.4 −1 1.4 (0.5) 
 P 
50. In one question   = 3579 Pa / k at
 T sat
100°C. Calculate the value of hg – hf. In
the question value of 𝜈g – 𝜈f was given.
Ans. *
Sol. Classius – Clayepron Equation
 dP  hg − hf
 dT  =
T2  sat T(g −  f )
= r  −1 = 201.4 −1
T1 Put the value of ( g −  f ) and get the
T2 = 3.314 × 298 = 987.70 K value of hg – hf.
V T
Cut-off ratio,  = 3 = 3
V2 T2 51. A block of mass 5 kg (c = 0.5 kJ/kgK) is
T3 = ρT2 = 1.5 × 987.7 = 1481.56 K at a temperature of 373 K is dropped in
water of mass 10 kg (c = 4.2 kJ/kgk) at a
Heat supplied, Qs = cP (T3 – T2)
temperature of 293 K. Calculate entropy
= 1.005[1481.56 – 987.70]
change of the system (kJ/K).
= 493.86 kJ/kg
Ans. (0.070 to 0.075)
Wnet Sol.
diesel =
Qs
Wnet
0.6706 =
493.86
Wnet = 331.18 kJ/kg

19
byjusexamprep.com
Let final temperature of block and water 373 – Tf = 16.8 Tf – 16.8 × 293
is Tf, Tf = 297.49 K
as per conservation of energy Entropy
Q = Wnet + dU (ds)sys = (ds)block + (ds)water

heat transfer and work transfer is zero. Tf T

= mbcb ln + mwcw ln f
Tb Tw
( du)block + ( du)water =0
297.49 297.49
mbcb (Tf -373) + mwTw (Tf – 293) = 5  0.5ln + 10  4.2ln
373 293
5 × 0.5 (Tf -373) + 10 × 4.2 (Tf – 293)
= 0.07324 kJ/K

****

20
byjusexamprep.com

GATE 2023 Engineering Sciences (XE) Expected Cut-Off

Category 2021 2022 Expected 2023

General 37 40.3 42

OBC 33.3 36.2 37

SC/ST 24.6 26.8 28

21
byjusexamprep.com

22
byjusexamprep.com

23
byjusexamprep.com

24