FAIDAR, ALSHADAF R.

BSA - 1
GE-Ethics

Learning Journal 1
Lesson 1.1

1. Identify a list of: (a) Obligations we are expected to fulfill, (b) prohibitions we are required to
respect, and (c) ideals we are encouraged to meet. Discuss whether these are ethical in nature
or not.

Obligations we are expected to fulfill:

We have obligations to meet. Humans have different responsibilities based on the tasks that
are expected of them. That is to say, if you are a parent, for instance, it is your responsibility to
care for your children, lead them as they mature, teach them the proper values and decent
manners, etc. In general, a person has a duty to exist and to play a useful part in his or her
community. Both ourselves and other individuals are subject to our commitments. But those
commitments must promote humanity rather than personal gain.

Prohibitions we are required to respect:

Everyone is obliged to respect others' beliefs, possessions, morals, tastes, etc.

In addition, we must obey the law. In order to sustain positive and wholesome relationships
with everyone, we should adhere to and put into practice what the law expects of us.

Ideals we are encouraged to meet:

We are urged to always uphold moral principles and behave honorably.

This is done to emphasize how crucial it is to value the richness of humanity. Honesty, love for
others, service, and charitable giving are some of the values we should live by.

2. Explain the differences between Subjectivism, Psychological Egoism and Ethical Egoism

There are three theories about ethics that center on the self namely: subjectivism,
psychological egoism, and ethical egoism. Subjectivism is the understanding that the individual,
reflective mind (the subjective) is thecenter of all moral judgments. Psychological egoism,
humans are inherently self centered, thus our every behavior is already driven by our own self-
interest. In contrast to psychological egoism, ethical egoism does not assume that all of our
activities are unavoidably self-serving. Rather, ethical egoism advises that we should pursue our
own goals. Interests as the lone paramount consideration. We should only operate in a way
that benefits others if it is in their best interests. Finally serve our needs.
Lesson 1.2 What is Philosophy?

1. Why is it that Ethics is considered to be part of the Value Theory?

In Philosophy, though, Ethics isn't just a code of what's right and what's wrong. It's the study
of how humans should live with each other. Rather than just sitting around judging people,
Ethics involves posing questions like, how should I live? Is there any reason that I should treat,
say, strangers differently than the people I love? And, for that matter, do I owe anything to
myself? What about animals or the Earth? And if I do have any of these obligations at all, where
do they come from? Who says? Ultimately, whatever system you use to decide what's good or
evil, as human behavior goes, is determined by your values. That's why Ethics is considered part
of Value Theory.

2. What do think we have to Study Ethics?

Ethics is a central component of any happy, healthy, and mature life. But some critics still
question the value of studying ethics and living an ethical life. After all, if you ignore ethics, you
can just focus on yourself, right? Not so fast. But some great reasons to resist those critics
include the following: Ethics allows you to live an authentic life, ethics makes you more
successful, ethics allows you to cultivate inner peace, ethics provides for a stable society, ethics
may help out in the afterlife.