Leon National High School

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Leon, Iloilo

The Daily Expenses of Grade-11 Ampere

A Research Proposal
Presented To:
Mrs. Imelda C. Gatilogo

In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Subject
Practical Research 1

Presented By:
Christian Cabuctolan
Derrick Neil Calves
Harry Caniban
Jerecho Octaviano
Jay Panelo
Nicco Ceasar Rapita
Niño Angelo Dela Rosa
Rey Mark Cabaya
 Leon National High School

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Leon, Iloilo

Certificate of approval

The research proposal attached here to, entitled “The Daily Expenses of Grade- 11
Ampere” prepared and submitted by Niño Angelo Dela Rosa, Jerecho Octaviano, Christian
Cabuctolan, Jay Panel, Nicco Ceasar Rapita, Harry Caniban, Rey Mark Cabaya,Derrick Neil
Calves, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the subject, Practical Research 1, is hereby
accepted.

_________________
Imelda C. Gatilogo
Practical Research Teacher
 Leon National High School

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Leon, Iloilo

Acknowledgement

The researcher gratefully appreciates and acknowledge the following individuals, who
on their own special ways have extended their valuable efforts, fire-up enthusiasm and
inspiration in the researchers in the completion of this study. The panel of examiners and
members of the thesis committee for their expertise, constructive criticism and valuable
suggestions for the improvement and completion of the study. To the respondents of this study;
for answering the question, directly, meaningfully, and for sharing their precious time and
efforts to make this research a successful one. Above all to Almighty God for his consistent
guidance and blessings in accomplishing this study.
 Leon National High School

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Leon, Iloilo

Table of Contents
Page
Title Page
Acknowledgement
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Background of Study 2
Statement of the Problem 3
Significance of the Study 3
Definition of Terms 4
Scope and Delimitation 4
Chapter 2 Review of Related Literature 5
Theoretical Framework 5
Conceptual Framework 8
Chapter 3 Methodology 11
Research Design 11
Research Locale 11
Research Respondents 11
Research Instrument 12
Research Collection Procedure 12
Data Analysis 12
References 12 - 13

Research Instrument (Questionnaire)

 Leon National High School

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Leon, Iloilo

Appendices
Appendix A
Letter of Approval
Appendix B
Letter of Approval
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 Leon National High School

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Leon, Iloilo

Chapter 1

Introduction

Chapter 1 includes 5 parts; (1) Background of Study, (2) Statement of the problem, (3) Significance of
the Study, (4) Definition of Terms, (5) Scope and Delimitation of the Study.

Part One, Background of the Study, Presents the overview of the stud.

Part Two, Statement of the Problem, Presents the problem of the study.

Part Three, Significance of the Study, Presents the benefits and beneficiaries of the study.

Parts Four, Definition of Terms, Presents the conceptual and operational meanings of the significant
terms used in the study.

Part Five, Scope and Delimitation, Presents the coverage of the study.

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 Leon National High School

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Leon, Iloilo

Chapter 1

Introduction

Background of Study

Every student learns to value money ones they received their own allowances. The amount of
money that parents give to their children is a money to spend on what they want which differ from family
needs. Allowances can give the children a chance to experience the things that they want to do. The
students may spend all their allowances soon after they received it.

A person’s ability to manage his money is essential to being successful in life. Effective financial
management strategies are important for all members of a society including college student. Spending less
than earnings and saving for the future is a golden rule for having a good control over personal finance.
By paying attention on what you buy each month you quickly identify any leftover money, which can
increase your retirement saving rate, emergency fund and even your net worth. But in reality many people
fail in budgeting their income and savings more (Dr. Pohane, vol1)

This study is made to know the daily expenses of grade 11 ampere students of Leon National
High School. Our daily expenses is always needed to track so that we can identify what’s needed to buy
and what’s not needed. This study will also help eliminate our bad habits of wasteful buying in our
allowance. This will also help parents know what their students buy in the money they gave for their
allowance.

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Leon, Iloilo

Since this study is about the daily expenses of grade-11 Ampere. Our main focus is about the
daily expenses of a high school student. Students of modern world love to spend much money on things
they don’t need. They buy things and services just to satisfy their cravings.

Statement of the Problem

This study is made to determine the daily expenses of Grade-11 Ampere of Leon National High
School. This study is conducted to the students of Grade-11 Ampere in the Senior High School
Department of Leon National High School during the school year 2023-2024.

This study will answer the following questions.

1. What are the most common types of expenses among the students of Grade-11 Ampere?
2. Where do Students of Grade-11 Ampere spends most of their allowance?
3. What are some of the important expenses for the Grade-11 Ampere student to prioritize?

Significance of Study

This study will obtain results that will be beneficial to people. Specially to the parents, students
and school vendors.

Parents – This will help parents know what their children bought for the money they give for them as
their daily allowance.

Students – This will students realize what they should but for their money so that they can avoid wasteful
buying and can saved money.

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School Vendors – This will help school Vendors know what most of the students buy from there store.

Definition of Terms

The following terms are the core of this study. The following terms is defined to further the understanding
to the study.

Students – A scholar or learner especially the one who attends school (Merriam-Webster Dictionary,
2017)

Expenses – An item of business outlay chargeable against a revenue for a specific period (Merriam-
Webster Dictionary, 2017)

Daily – Occurring, made or acted upon, everyday (Merriam-Webster Dictionary, 2017)

Scope and Delimitation

This study aimed to know the Daily Expenses of the Grade-11 Ampere of Leon National High
School. This is Qualitative research and the method to be used for this study will be descriptive method.
The target respondents of this study is the 44 Students of Grade-11 Ampere of Leon National High
School during the School Year 2022-2023.

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Leon, Iloilo

Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

This chapter contains past studies related to our study that might help us find answer to the
questions made for this study.

Daily allowances can vary depending on the individual’s socio-economic status, though some
may think that they can manage their own money by not spending. Some students may not only buy their
necessities like food and water for the whole day at school to further manage their daily allowance.
Though some may ask how the expenses of the students can vary depending of their weekly allowance.

Theoretical framework

According to an article from Psychology Today entitled “Should You Give Your Kids an
Allowance?” (2013), allowances are powerful things. It lets children be aware of how simple decisions
regarding money will affect them. With this, parents are feeling a bit of nervous excitement, yet they

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Leon, Iloilo

think that school allows their children to be valuable and patient. But there would still be circumstances
wherein children might feel authorized to hold on to the money given to them and might possess greed.

In the “What do students spend their money on?” article from the Save the Student website
(2018), the average students’ monthly expenses are shown in diagram form. They conducted a survey
with 2,219 respondents from the universities in the UK. The result showed that aside from the rent (when
studying away from home), expenses for mobile phones were slightly higher than their expenses for
stationery. These days, students spend their money socializing on the internet rather than buying
academic materials.

According to StudyMoose.com (2016), an allowance is the money that parents give to their
children in order to teach them how to budget the money they have. In this situation, the students would
show their parents that they are responsible and trusted enough to have money on hand. But because of
temptations, students cannot stop themselves from buying everything they want and from hanging out
with friends to have fun. According to ABS-CBN News (2013), the students are spending their
allowances more on mobile phone charges, food, transportation, and the things that they want to buy for
themselves. According to an expert, there are a lot of wise methods for students to lessen their expenses
and save more money. Duplito said that it takes time and effort to maximize a daily allowance, and you
may need to make small changes in your daily routine. He recommends bringing home-cooked or
prepared foods to their school instead of buying them at the canteen. Journal & Economics (2011) says
that many students spend more than the given budget allocation given by parents, and they spend beyond
their means. Student youths fork over money to buy CP loads, play computer games, buy cigarettes, and
enjoy luxury and entertainment. (ABS-CBN News, 2011). According to the research of Bansil, Cuenca,
and Gantala (2014), some of the students aging from 16 to 20 years old were dependent on their parents,

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Leon, Iloilo

while others were dependent on their salaries. Researchers concluded that the students have the capacity
to prioritize where to spend their earned money in order to meet their needs and wants in life.

Research studies revealed that teachers have a responsibility in the student’s academic life
(Alshammari, Saguban, Pasay-an, Alteban, & Alshammari, 2017). It also exposed that even though there
are students who are infull-time jobs, there’re no effects on the academic performance of students in
school (Rossi, 2017). Financial status, parent’s educational level, and attendance are the few different
elements that influence the scholarly activity of the students (Jayanthi, Balakrishnan, LimSiok Ching,
AbdullLatiff, &Nasirundeen, 2014). In order to take initiative in their academic performance, students
need to include efforts and make themselves aware academically for them to develop their academic
performance (Shanzadi & Ahmad, 2011). Students are mostly recapitulating the tackled lesson by
memorizing the word again by themselves, and this may become one of their styles of learning (Gbolle &
Keamu, 2017). In addition, a well-furnished study room with loaded equipment has a helpful effect on the
students’ scores. In that way, teachers can provide information to the students because they can now focus
their attention on the lesson taught to them (Suleman & Hussain, 2014). The proper utilization of e-
learning could help students increase their eagerness to go to school and improve their engagement in
school activities, especially their beliefs that they can benefit from their experiences and own efforts
becausecorrect answers are not only the basis for competence (Hardre, Sullivan, & Crowson, 2009).

Higher family income may improve students’ performance. Nevertheless, it is not an indicator for
students who are from low-income families not to get serious and be responsible in school (Adzido,
Dzogbede, Ahiave, and Dorkpah, 2016). Socioeconomic status is divided into three major parts: high,

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Leon, Iloilo

middle, and low. Students found that those major parts influence their academic achievement and that
adolescents with high and middle socioeconomic status have better academic achievement than those with
low socioeconomic status (Singh & Choundhary, 2109). Consistency in finances every day can help the
students attain goals and be responsible for things that can help their scholarly accomplishments (Saifi &
Mehmood, 2011). Students’ socioeconomic status plays a big role in improving their academic
performance. Parents’ socioeconomic status is a factor in the factor of the students academically inclined
and persistence(Abdu-Raheem, 2015). A study indicates that males with high socioeconomic status attain
higher academic achievement than males with low socioeconomic status. This is due to their being
provided with necessary facilities concerning their education, health, and comfort, which affect academic
attainment (Ahamr & Anmar, 2013).

The socioeconomic status Is linked to academic achievement favorably yet weakly (White, 1982).
Sexual orientation and financial status are indicators of the scholarly accomplishments of the students
(Alade, Mwadingwe, & Victor, 2014). In addition, parental socioeconomic status directly affects the
student’s academic achievement (Sollano, Duhanylongsod, Aviso, & Moneva, 2018). Academic
achievement of the senior secondary school student has a critical association with the high family
financial status or high socioeconomic status of the family (Aliyu, 2016). Financial status as well as peer
and student factors significantly predict the students’ performance in school (Farooq, Chaundry, Shafiq,
& Berhanu, 2011).

Conceptual framework

According to Lewis Mandell (2013), giving children a regular allowance may help them learn
how to budget and make responsible decisions about money. It is not suggested to give them a regular
unconditional allowance, for it will let them be unaware of savings, spending, and credit. It is also
suggested that parents be involved in the development of students’ beliefs and behaviors.
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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Leon, Iloilo

According to Jessica I. Knudsen, we gain good money management skills as we go through life.
It will be because of our successful and failed experiences in life. Giving students an allowance serves as
the key to helping them realize the true value and importance of money. Also, budgeting is what they will
learn as they handle their own allowances.

According to research conducted by M.F. Sabri, M. MacDonald, et al. (2008), The bivariate
analysis of the financial behavior and problems of Malaysian university students revealed that the
students were using the education fund for purposes other than their academic expenses. Most of them
were uncertain about where their money went, so they bought unnecessary things and lent money to
friends.

However, they skipped meals to save money. The multivariate analysis found that childhood
consumer experience, spending patterns, savings, and financial literacy were significant predictors of
college student financial behavior and problems. Childhood consumer experiences had a positive effect,
while spending patterns had a negative effect.

In the comparative study about student budgeting and spending behaviors by Matthew Stollak et
al. (2011), several factors such as age, personality traits, and knowledge affect how students manage their
money. Since students only have a limited source of income (from money given by parents) but have a
variety of expenses such as transportation, food costs, and school requirements, they manage their money
differently. In foreign countries, students use their credit cards for their finances.

A dissertation conducted at Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam (2016) determined the

spending and saving habits of the students at Newman College, Thodupuzha. Their findings and
conclusion show that the students spend more than they save and that male students spend more on
leisure, luxury, and transportation while females spend more on studies and tuition fees. From the

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Leon, Iloilo

introduction of research entitled “Gender Differences in Saving and Spending Behaviors of Thai
Students”, people should remind the youth about how they should consume every dollar they have wisely.
This could be a big way for them to achieve a comfortable quality of life. With this, they could grow as
individuals with proper spending habits. (Likitapiwat, Sereetrakul, & Woongveeravuti, 2013)

Persistence could be anadvanced development that helps students achieve the specific online
course (Hart, 2012). A study implied that both attitude and self-efficacy have a strong effect on academic
achievement (Li, 2012). Students’ performance can be influenced by how they are guided by their
teachers and parents, considering the learning facilities (Singh, Malik, & Singh, 2016). Risk takers with a
brave mind to nurture new things and develop their self-reliance are classified as “determined people.
Collaboration with classmates with the help of the teacher-in-charge and a helping hand from each other
will definitely help them achieve highmarks andvarious rewards(Saeed &Zyngier, 2012). Students’
academic achievement is greatly influenced by the structure of the home or family in which they have
been raised (MeenuDev, 2016). In addition, research shows that the rules and regulations of a school are
responsible for enhancing students’ academic performance (Stanley, 2014).

Chapter 3

Methodology

This chapter contains the method of research on how will be gathered and obtained, the subject of
the study who are the target respondents, research instruments that will be used in conducting the data and
process on how the researcher will gather the data needed in the study.

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SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Leon, Iloilo

Research Design

The research design refers to the overall strategy chosen to integrate the different components of
the study in a coherent and logical way, thereby, ensuring you will effectively address the research
problem. It also constitutes the blueprint for the collection, measurement, and analysis of data
(Kirshenblatt-Gimblett, Barbara,2006).

This qualitative research will be using descriptive method to gather the required data from
respondents that will be used for the research. Descriptive research aims to accurately and systematically
describe a population, situation or phenomenon. It can answer what, where, when and how questions, but
not why questions (McCombes, 2019).

Research locale

This study will be conducted in Leon National High School. Specifically, the research will be
implemented inside the respective classroom of the respondents Grade-11 Ampere of EIM strand
(Electrical, Installation, and Management).

Research Sample/Respondents

The respondents of the study will the students of TVL-EIM strand of Leon National High School,
specifically the students of Grade 11 Ampere. A total of 44 respondents will be put under the survey to
collect the data needed for the study. The researchers will used Stratified Sampling in choosing the
respondents in this study. The 44 respondents will be sorted in 2 Groups (Group Y, and Group Z). The
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Leon, Iloilo

Group Y will be the ones who lived near the school and the Group Z will be the ones who live far from
school like Bucari and now boarding near the town.

Research Instrument

The researchers made a questionnaire to be answered by the respondents. The Questionnaire will
consist of two parts. The first part is about personal information of the respondents, such as Name, Age,
and address. For the second part the researchers made a question that greatly connected to the words
Expenses and Money.

Research Collection Procedure

The researchers will give a questionnaire to be answered on the respondent’s respective

classroom. The researchers will assure the confidentiality of the data gathered. The researchers will
request to the respondents to answer the survey questions with honesty. After the respondents answered
the questions, the research will gather the data to be analyzed. After the respondents answered the
questions, the research will gather and analyze it.

Data Analysis Procedure

For better understanding, the researchers analyzed the data collected out of the respondents’
answers. The analyzation includes what students do with their allowance and what are some important
expenses for Grade-11 Ampere Students to

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Reference

Contante, E. R. ., Toscano, E. M. G. ., Domingo, E. R. ., Almeniana, E. B. ., Rose, M. J. B. ., & Tamon,

C.-J. S. . (2019). Effects of Budgeting Students’ Allowance to the Academic Performance of
Grade 12 ABM Students In Bestlink College Of The Philippines School Year 2018-2019.
Ascendens Asia Singapore .

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Alngog et al,(2018)A correlational study about the monthly allowances to the daily expenses of the
accountancy and business management grade 11 students of STI academic center of Las Piñas.

Prof. Finch, (2016) Students allowance. StudyMoose. https://studymoose.com/students-allowance-essay.

Denise Cummins PH. D. (2013) Should You give Your kids an Allowance?. Article.

Lewis Mandell, Ph.D. (2013)Child Allowances - Beneficial or Harmful?. Article.

Jessica L Knudsen, (2019) Teach Your Kids Money Management with an Allowance. Savant.
https://savantwealth.com/savant-views-news/article/teach-your-kids-money-management-with-
an-allowance/.

Jessica Murray. (2019) Students living cost in the UK. SaveTheStudent.

https://www.savethestudent.org/money/student-budgeting/what-do-students-spend-their-money-
on.html.

Matthew Stollak, et al.(2020) Student Budgeting and Spending Behavior. Narsee Monjee Institute of
Management Studies, Mumbai, India.

Likitapiwat, Sereetrakul, &Wongveeravuti. (2013) Gender Differences in Saving and Spending

Behaviours of Thai Students. Article

Alshammari, Saguban, Pasay-an, Alteban, & Alshammari (2017) Factors affecting the academic
performance of student nurses: A cross-sectional study. Article.

Adzido, Dzogbede, Ahiave, Dorkpah (2016) Assessment of Family Income on Academic Performance of
Tertiary Students: The Case of Ho Polytechnic, Ghana. Ada technical institute, Ada, Ghana.

Farooq, Chaundry, Shafiq & Berhanu (2011) Factors Affecting Students Quality of Academic
Performance: A Case Of Secondary Level. University of Gothenburg, Sweden.

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McCombes, S. (2022, October 10). Descriptive Research | Definition, Types, Methods &
Examples. Scribbr. Retrieved May 21, 2023, from
https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/descriptive-research/

Kirshenblatt-Gimblett, B. (2006). Part 1. What Is Research Design? The Context of Design. Performance
Studies Methods Course Syllabus. In W. M. K. Trochim (Ed.), Research Methods Knowledge
Base. New York: New York University.

Directions: Please answer the following questions with honesty, put a check [✓] to the answer
you have chosen, Write on the line if your answer is not on the choices provided.

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Leon, Iloilo

Personal Information
Name:_____________________________________
Address:___________________________________
Age:_______________________________________
Sex: Male Female Others specify,_________
Second Part Research Questions
Where do you live? Far from school Near the school

From your perspective, are you Poor Rich

How much is your allowance? ₱_________ per day per month per year

What do you spend with money? Food School Supplies Load

Transport Snacks Others

How much money do you save in a day? ₱_________

What do you prioritize in your expenses? Food School Supplies Load

Transport Boarding House Others

Specify:____________________

How do you feel in the allowance given to you? Happy Sad Nothing

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Appendix A

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Leon, Iloilo

Letter of Approval

May 18,2023

Dr. Jose Rolando Rafael Cabanig

School Principal
Leon National High School
Leon, Iloilo

Dear Sir,
I am writing to request permission to conduct research at your school as part of my
requirement for Practical Research 1. My research will focus on the daily expenses of a students
in Grade-11 Ampere. I assure you that my research will not disrupt the normal functioning of the
school, and I will take all necessary precautions to ensure the safety of the students and staff. My
research will not involve any invasive procedures or pose any risk to the participants. We will
ensure that the privacy of the respondents will be protected. The data collected from the research
will be kept confidential and will only be used for academic purposes. I understand that the
school’s policy requires prior approval from the administration before conducting any research
on school grounds. Therefore, I would be grateful if you could grant me permission to conduct
my research at your school.
Thank you for considering my request. If you have any questions or concerns, please
contact us.

,Sincerely Yours
NIÑO ANGELO DELA ROSA

Noted By:
IMELDA C. GATILOGO
Practical Research Adviser

Approval

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 Leon National High School

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

Leon, Iloilo

JOSE ROLANDO RAFAEL C. CABANIG

School Principal 1

Appendix B

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Leon, Iloilo

Letter to the respondents

May 29, 2023

Dear Respondent/s

Greetings!

We, the undersigned are presently conducting a research study entitled the daily
expenses of Grade-11 Ampere of Leon National High School during school year 2022-2023. In
partial requirements for our Practical Research 1. With regards to this we kindly ask you for your
cooperation and honesty in answering the attached questionnaire.

,Sincerely Yours
NIÑO ANGELO DELA ROSA
JERECHO OCTAVIANO
CHRISTIAN CABUCTOLAN
Noted by:
IMELDA C. GATILOGO
Practical Research 1 Adviser

Approved by:
DR. JOSE ROLANDO RAFAEL CABANIG
School Principal 1

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