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Hydranautics Process Membrane

Presentation
to

Manikandan Henry Daniel Raj

Sr. Field Regional Account Executive
Service Engineer Process Separations

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 Mercerization in Textiles
Mercerization is a chemical treatment process in
which textiles (typically cotton) are treated with a
caustic (NaOH) solution.

• Improve Luster
• Increase ability to absorb dye
• Improve reaction with a variety of chemicals
• Improve stability of form
• Improve strength/elongation
• Improve smoothness

The caustic actually rearranges the cellulose molecules

in the fiber to produce these changes. Higher-end
fabrics may be double or triple mercerized for added
benefits.

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 What all can be Mercerized

1. Cotton Fibers & Fabrics

2. Yarn for Denim
3. Linen
4. Wool

Mercerization of denim is usually carried out after the denim is

woven, and so it is different from the more common method of
mercerizing cotton yarn.

Mercerization of denim may be used for achieving ring dyeing,

thus keeping the dye on the surface of the yarns or fabrics
and to prevent dyes from fully penetrating the fibers.

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 Mercerization Process 5

The treatment consists of immersing the yarn or fiber in a

solution of sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) for short periods
of time, usually less than four minutes.

The material is then treated with water or acid to neutralize

the sodium hydroxide. If the material is held under tension
during this stage, it is kept from shrinking appreciably; if no
tension is applied, the material may shrink by as much as
one-fourth.

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 Factors of Mercerizing 6

Effective Mercerization requires attention to following variables

Twaddle (Concentration of NaOH):
If the concentration of NaOH is increased, improvement in luster will be attained but if it is decreased, the
quality of luster will begin to be adversely affected.

Temperature:
High degree of luster is attained at temperature 18-20Deg C. As the temperature is increased the quality of
luster is adversely affected but on lowering the temperature no improvement in the luster is obtained.

Tension:
For acquiring better luster the material must be stretch to its original dimension (both in warp and weft
direction during mercerization). If the material is allowed to shrink during mercerizing then quality of luster
will be impaired.

Time:
The optimum time for mercerizing is 30-60 seconds to maximum 5 minutes

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 8
Feed Parameters
Sno. Location Typical Feed Parameters

Typical 225 to 325gpl at room temp. (23 to 33% Conc). 4litres of

1 Feed to Caustic Bath
water per Kg of fabric.

2 Drain from Caustic Bath / Feed to CRP Caustic at 30 to 50gpl at 80 DegC

3 Expected outlet quality from CRP Caustic at 280gpl

1 2 3

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 9
Typical Caustic Recovery Process (CRP)

Weak
Caustic
Lye

Strong
Caustic Lye
post CRP

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 Caustic Recovery Process with NF 10

Weak
Caustic
Lye

Strong
Caustic
Lye post
CRP
with NF

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 • Chemically tolerant NF
membranes
HYDRACoRe • Works at 80 DegC
• Low and high pH
Nanofiltration tolerance
Solutions for
Caustic Recovery

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 12

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 13

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 Benefits of NF based pretreatment 14

• Decolorization of weak caustic lye which helps in reusing it for Light shades also

• Removal of color helps in reducing the scale formation in MEE, there by better system performance

• More reuse of weak caustic lye, there by reducing the load to ETP and subsequent OPEX reduction

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 16

THANK YOU

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