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Organic Chemistry & Analysis Aromatic

Chemistry: OCR A A Electrophilic Substitution
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Electrophilic Substitution of Benzene /2
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Reactions of benzene rings tend to retain the stable ring of delocalised
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electrons. This is possible in electrophilic substitution - where an electrophile
1.7.3 Shapes a
replaces ofhydrogen
Molecules on benzene.
2
Due: in 3 days, at 09:00

2.1.8 End of Topic Test - Periodic

2
Table
5.1.2 Electrophilic Substitution 100%
1.7.2 Covalent Bonding 1
5.1.3 Phenols 100%
2.1.2 Ionisation Energy 1
5.1.7 End of Topic Test -
100%
Aromatic 2.1.3 Factors Affecting Ionisation
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Energies
General mechanism
2.1.7 Trends in the Periodic Table 1
Initial attack is by an electrophile on the electron-rich benzene ring.
3.3.7 End of Topic Test - Alkenes 1
The attack of the electrophile breaks the delocalised electron system
5.1.1 Benzene
and forms a positively charged
1 intermediate, which has lost its
aromaticity (less stable).
A hydrogen ion (H+) is then removed from the intermediate to regain the
aromaticity.
It will be easier to understand this mechanism through the specific
examples that we will study next.

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