EE 2312 / ME 2613:

AC and DC Machinery /
Electrical Machines 1
INSTRUCTOR: KEVIN LESTER B. LOBO
Construction and
Operation of DC
Generator
Principle of Generator Action
Faraday’s Fist Law of Electromagnetic Induction:
“Whenever a conductor is placed in a varying magnetic field, an
electromotive force is induced.”

To generate electricity, the Principle of Generator Action requires:

1. The presence of magnetic lines of force
2. Motion of conductors cutting the flux (at a speed that is high enough)
3. Proper relation between the direction of rotation and the field connection to the
armature.
Parts of DC Generator (according to function)
I. Field/Poles – the one responsible for the creation of magnetic lines of force.
II. Armature – the one that cuts the magnetic lines of force.

https://www.mawdsleysber.co.uk/services/field-coil-repair-and-rewinds/ https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/75-gpd-dc-armature-10263723462.html
Operation of a DC Generator
To achieve the requirements of the Principle of
Generator Action:
1. The presence of magnetic lines of force
◦ Field poles (electromagnets or permanent
magnets) produce magnetic flux
2. Motion of conductors cutting the flux
◦ Conductors are wounded/wrapped around the
armature which are then placed and rotated in
between the field poles.
3. Proper relation between the direction of rotation
and the field connection to the armature.
◦ Conductors are rotated perpendicular to the
direction of the magnetic field.
Watch: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ylgb8FFMgd4&t=91s
Parts of DC Generator (according to construction)
I. Stator – the stationary part of the machine
II. Rotor – The moving/rotating part of the machine
Under the Stator:
a. Poles – magnets or electromagnets that creates magnetic lines of force to
be cut by the armature conductors.
– always work in pairs

b. Yoke – houses the entire machine

– where the magnets/poles are mounted.

c. Pole Shoe – holds the poles together and spread the flux evenly.
Parts of DC Generator
Under the Rotor:
a. Core – the laminated steel core holds and contains the current carrying
conductors (windings) on its conductor slots.
– also called as the armature

b. Shaft – coupled/connected to the prime mover that rotates the core.

c. Conductors – cuts the magnetic lines of force.

– also called as the “armature windings”
Parts of DC Generator
Other Parts of DC Generator:
a. Commutator – collect the current from the armature
windings.
• For DC Generator: Split Rings
➢ makes the current change direction every half-rotation.

• For AC Generator : Slip Ring

➢ merely maintains a connection between the moving

rotor and the stationary stator.

b. Carbon Brushes – harvest the current from the rotating

commutator.
– always work in pairs.
References
http://harmonscience6.wikispaces.com/file/view/Forms_of_Energy.jpg/276538606/Forms_of_Energy.jpg
http://hornedoreesescience.weebly.com/uploads/8/5/1/3/8513063/5367849_orig.gif
http://static.trunity.net/files/186001_186100/186073/energyconversionmatrix.png
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gW45N2WpD64
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-xebh8wU8gY
http://www.ustudy.in/sites/default/files/lap%20and%20wave.GIF
http://www.electrical4u.com/lap-winding-simplex-and-duplex-lap-winding/
https://www.electricaleasy.com/2012/12/basic-construction-and-working-of-dc.html
https://www.indiastudychannel.com/resources/151550-How-Does-a-DC-Generator-Work-.aspx
https://www.theengineeringknowledge.com/construction-of-dc-machines/
https://serc.carleton.edu/details/images/46570.html
References
https://www.powermag.com/press-releases/doosan-skoda-power-is-sending-a-turbine-to-the-
land-of-the-rising-sun-for-the-first-time/
https://electrical-engineering-portal.com/whats-important-for-water-power-designer-to-make-
the-right-choice-of-a-turbine
https://www.offshorewind.biz/2020/04/21/mingyang-turbines-for-400-mw-wind-farm-offshore-
china/
https://www.udemy.com/course/internal-combustion-engine-basics/
https://www.canstockphoto.com/machine-ac-and-dc-currents-excitatrice-31336418.html
https://www.crompton.co.in/product/consumer-pumps/agricultural-pumps/centrifugal-
monoset-agricultural-pumps/centrifugal-monoset-pumps/
http://bescousa.com/index.php?main_page=index&cPath=169_205_235