… Searc

To all our readers in the U.S.,

We'll get straight to the point: This

Wednesday we ask you to defend
Wikipedia's independence. Our 2019
fundraiser is running out of time and 98%
of our readers don't give; they simply look
the other way.

It's a little awkward for us to bother you,

as we're sure you are busy. And perhaps
you are an exceptional reader who has
already donated, in which case we
sincerely thank you. Our message this
Wednesday is simple: if everyone donated
$2.75, we could keep Wikipedia thriving
for years to come. The price of a coffee is
all we need.

People told us we'd regret making

Wikipedia a non-profit. But if Wikipedia
were commercial, it would be a loss to the
world. Wikipedia is a place to learn, not a
place for advertising. It unites all of us
who love knowledge: contributors,
readers and the donors who keep us
thriving.

We know most people will ignore this

message. But our hope is that you'll think
about how valuable it is to have access to
a source of open knowledge that doesn't
charge you anything and would never
show you ads. Please, show the
volunteers working to bring you access to
reliable, neutral information that their
work matters to you.

If Wikipedia provided you $2.75 worth of

knowledge this year, please take a minute
to secure its future by making a gift to the
Wikimedia Endowment. Thank you.

Please select an amount (USD)

$2.75 $16.36 $20

Other ($)
$50 $100

We ask you, humbly: don't scroll away.

1920s

… … …

From left, clockwise: Third Tipperary Brigade Flying

Column No. 2 under Seán Hogan during the Irish War of
Independence; Prohibition agents destroying barrels of
alcohol in accordance to the 18th amendment, which
made alcoholic beverages illegal in the United States
throughout the entire decade; In 1927, Charles
Lindbergh embarks on the first solo nonstop flight from
New York to Paris on the Spirit of St. Louis; A crowd
gathering on Wall Street after the 1929 stock market
crash, which led to the Great Depression; Benito
Mussolini and Fascist Blackshirts during the March on
Rome in 1922; the People's Liberation Army attacking
government defensive positions in Shandong, during the
Chinese Civil War; The Women's suffrage campaign
leads to numerous countries granting women the right
to vote and be elected; Babe Ruth becomes the most
iconic baseball player of the time.

The 1920s (pronounced "nineteen-twenties")

was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that
began on January 1, 1920, and ended on
December 31, 1929. In North America, it is
frequently referred to as the "Roaring
Twenties" or the "Jazz Age", while in Europe
the period is sometimes referred to as the
"Golden Age Twenties"[1] because of the
economic boom following World War I. French
speakers refer to the period as the "Années
folles" ("Crazy Years"),[2] emphasizing the
era's social, artistic, and cultural dynamism.

Millennium: 2nd millennium

Centuries: 19th century •

20th century •

21st century

Decades: 1900s • 1910s •

1920s • 1930s •

1940s

Years: 1920 • 1921 •

1922 • 1923 • 1924

1925 • 1926 •

1927 • 1928 • 1929

Categories: Births Deaths

By country By topic

Establishments

Disestablishments

The economic prosperity experienced by many

countries during the 1920s (especially the
United States) was similar in nature to that
experienced in the 1950s and 1990s. Each
period of prosperity was the result of a
paradigm shift in global affairs. These shifts in
the 1920s, 1950s, and 1990s, occurred in part
as the result of the conclusion of World War I
and Spanish flu, World War II, and the Cold
War, respectively.

The 1920s saw foreign oil companies begin

operations throughout South America.
Venezuela became the world's second largest
oil producing nation.[3]

In some countries the 1920s saw the rise of

radical political movements, especially in
regions that were once part of empires.
Communism spread as a consequence of the
October Revolution and the Bolsheviks' victory
in the Russian Civil War. Fear of the spread of
Communism led to the emergence of far right
political movements and fascism in Europe.
Economic problems contributed to the
emergence of dictators in Eastern Europe and
the Balkans, to include Józef Piłsudski in the
Second Polish Republic, and Peter and
Alexander Karađorđević in the Kingdom of
Yugoslavia.

The devastating Wall Street Crash in October

1929 is generally viewed as a harbinger of the
end of 1920s prosperity in North America and
Europe.

Social history

Politics and wars

Wars

Spanish troops in San Sebastián,

prior to their departure to the Rif
War.

Turkish War of Independence

Greco-Turkish War (May 1919 – October
1922)

Turkish–Armenian War (September –

December 1920)

Franco-Turkish War (December 1918 –

October 1921)

Royalist and separatist revolts (1919 –

1923)

Unification of Saudi Arabia

Rashidi-Saudi War (1903 – 1921)

Kuwait-Saudi War (1919 – 1920)

Hejaz-Saudi War (1919 – 1925)

Transjordan-Saudi War (1922 – 1924)

Polish–Soviet War (February 1919 – March

1922)

Irish War of Independence (January 1919 –

July 1921)

Iraqi revolt against the British (1920)

The British and French colonial empires in

1920

Rif War (1920 – 1927)

Pacification of Libya (1923 – 1932)

United States occupation of Nicaragua (1912

– 1933)

United States occupation of Haiti (1915 –

1934)

United States occupation of the Dominican

Republic (1916 – 1924)

Internal conflicts
Russian Civil War (November 1917 – October
1922)
Tambov Rebellion (August 1920 – June
1921)

Allied intervention in the Russian Civil

War (1918 – 1925)

Patagonia Rebelde (1920 – 1922)

Mahmud Barzanji revolts (1920 – 1922)

Irish Civil War (June 28, 1922 – May 24,

1923)

Chinese Civil War (first phase 1927–1936)

Ararat rebellion (1927 – 1930)

Kongo-Wara rebellion (1928 – 1931)

Castellammarese War (1929 – September 10,

1931)

Afghan Civil War (November 14, 1928 –

October 13, 1929)

Major political changes

Adolf Hitler (standing) delivers a

speech in February 1925

Rise of radical political movements such as

communism and fascism, amid the economic
and political turmoil after World War I and
after the stock market crash

Decolonization and independence

Irish Free State gains independence from the
United Kingdom in 1922.

Egypt officially becomes an independent

country through the Declaration of 1922,
though it still remains under the military and
political influence of the British Empire.

Prominent political events

Kellogg–Briand Pact to end war

Women's suffrage movement continues to

make gains as women obtain full voting
rights in New Zealand (1893), the Grand
Duchy of Finland (1906), Denmark (1915),
the United Kingdom in 1918 (women over
30) and in 1928 (full enfranchisement), and
in the United States in 1920

Women begin to enter the workplace in

larger numbers
North America

Prohibition agents emptying barrels of

alcohol.

Prohibition of alcohol occurs in the United

States. Prohibition in the United States
began January 16, 1919, with the ratification
of the Eighteenth Amendment to the
U.S.Constitution, effective as of January 17,
1920, and it continued throughout the 1920s.
Prohibition was finally repealed in 1933.
Organized crime turns to smuggling and
bootlegging of liquor, led by figures such as
Al Capone, boss of the Chicago Outfit.

The Immigration Act of 1924 places

restrictions on immigration. National quotas
curbed most Eastern and Southern European
nationalities, further enforced the ban on
immigration of East Asians, Indians and
Africans, and put mild regulations on
nationalities from the Western Hemisphere
(Latin Americans).

The major sport was baseball and the most

famous player was Babe Ruth.

The Lost Generation (which characterized

disillusionment), was the name Gertrude
Stein gave to American writers, poets, and
artists living in Europe during the 1920s.
Famous members of the Lost Generation
include Cole Porter, Gerald Murphy, Patrick
Henry Bruce, Waldo Peirce, Ernest
Hemingway, F. Scott Fitzgerald, Zelda
Fitzgerald, Ezra Pound, John Dos Passos,
and Sherwood Anderson.

A peak in the early 1920s in the membership

of the Ku Klux Klan of four to five million
members (after its reemergence in 1915),
followed by a rapid decline down to an
estimated 30,000 members by 1930.[5]

The Scopes Trial (1925), which declared that

John T. Scopes had violated the law by
teaching evolution in schools, creating
tension between the competing theories of
creationism and evolutionism.
Europe

The Union of Soviet Socialist

Republics (Soviet Union) is
created in 1922.

Benito Mussolini and Fascist Blackshirts

during the March on Rome in 1922.

Polish–Soviet War (1920–21).

Major armed conflict in Ireland including Irish

War of Independence (1919–1921) resulting
in Ireland becoming an independent country
in 1922 followed by the Irish Civil War (1922–
23).

Russian famine of 1921–22 claimed up to

five million victims.[6]

The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

(Soviet Union) is created in 1922.

Benito Mussolini leader of the National

Fascist Party became Prime Minister of Italy,
shortly thereafter creating the world's first
fascist government. The Fascist regime
establishes a totalitarian state led by
Mussolini as a dictator. The Fascist regime
restores good relations between the Roman
Catholic Church and Italy with the Lateran
Treaty, which creates Vatican City. The
Fascist regime pursues an aggressive
expansionist agenda in Europe such as by
raiding the Greek island of Corfu in 1923,
pressuring Albania to submit to becoming a
de facto Italian protectorate in the mid-
1920s, and holding territorial aims on the
region of Dalmatia in Yugoslavia.

In Germany, the Weimar Republic suffers

from economic crisis in the early 1920s and
hyperinflation of currency in 1923. From
1923 to 1925 the Occupation of the Ruhr
takes place. The Ruhr was an industrial
region of Germany taken over by the military
forces of the French Third Republic and
Belgium, in response to the failure of the
Weimar Republic under Chancellor Wilhelm
Cuno to keep paying the World War I
reparations. The recently formed fringe
National Socialist German Workers' Party
(a.k.a. Nazi Party) led by Adolf Hitler
attempts a coup against the Bavarian and
German governments in the 1923 Beer Hall
Putsch, which fails, resulting in Hitler being
briefly imprisoned for one year in prison
where he writes Mein Kampf.

Turkish War of Independence (1919–23).

The United Kingdom general strike (1926).

Asia
The Qajar dynasty ended under Ahmad Shah
Qajar as Reza Shah Pahlavi founds the
Pahlavi Dynasty, which later became the last
monarchy of Iran.

The Chinese Civil War begins (1927–37).

In the Kingdom of Afghanistan, Amanullah

Khan's reforms cause conflict with
conservative factions, resulting in the Afghan
Civil War.
Africa
Pan-Africanist supporters of Marcus
Garvey's Universal Negro Improvement
Association and African Communities League
(UNIA-ACL) are repressed by colonial
powers in Africa. Garvey's UNIA-ACL
supported the creation of a state led by
black people in Africa including African
Americans.[7]

Economics

Disasters

Assassinations and attempts

Science and technology

Popular culture

People

See also

References

Further reading

Last edited 1 month ago by Counny

RELATED ARTICLES

Anders Randolf
Danish actor

Gaston Glass
American actor

Wilhelm Diegelmann
German actor

Content is available under CC BY-SA 3.0 unless

otherwise noted.
Terms of Use • Privacy • Desktop