Electrical Principles 1

SIMPLE ELECTRIC CIRCUITS

 L1
What is an electric circuit?
• It is a path through which an electric current flows.
A basic electric circuit consists of four parts:
1. Source
2. Transmission System
3. Control or Protection System
4. Load
 1. Source 2. Transmission System
• It provides voltage to the system. • It provides a path for current to move from
the source to the load.
Examples: Examples:

Lab. wire
Lab. Power Transmission
Battery
Supply Lines
 3. Control and 4. Load
Protection Devices
Control Devices • They absorb electrical energy and
perform tasks (work).
•They either “turn on” or “turn off”
Examples:
current flow in an electrical circuit.

Switch
Protective Devices
• They are devices used to protect equipment,
machinery, in electrical and electronic circuit.

Fuse Circuit
Breakers
Electrical Motor
 Direction of Current
Electron Current Flow Conventional Current Flow

• Negative electron is attracted towards • Current flows from positive (+) to

the positive ion. negative (-)
• Electrons (current) flows from
negative (-) to positive (+) potential.
Electrical Symbols Pg. 65
 Electrical Diagram
• A source provides voltage to the system.
• A transmission system provides a current path.
• A load can be resistive, capacitive or inductive.