Module-1

Basics Concept
Swetha B V
Assistant Professor
 Introduction
• Network Analysis is a process by which we can calculate different electrical
parameters of a circuit element connected in an electrical network.
• An electrical circuit or network can be complicated too and in a complicated
network, we have to apply different methods to simplify the network for
determining the electrical parameters.
• The circuit elements in a network can be connected in different manners, some of
them are in series and some of them in parallel.
• The circuit elements are resistors, capacitors, inductors, voltage sources, current
sourcesetc. Current, voltage, resistance,impedance,reactance, inductance, 
capacitance, frequency, electric power, electrical energy etc are the different
electrical parameters we determine by network analysis.
• In short, we can say, an electrical network is the combination of different circuit
elements and the network analysis or circuit analysis is the technique to determine
the different electrical parameters of those circuit elements.
Basic Terminologies
In Network Theory, we will frequently come across the following terms:

• Electric Circuit

• Electric Network

• Current

• Voltage

• Power
1)Electric Circuit
An electric circuit contains a closed path for providing a flow of
electrons from a voltage source or current source. The elements present in
an electric circuit will be in series connection, parallel connection, or in
any combination of series and parallel connections.
2)Electric Network
An electric network need not contain a closed path for providing a flow
of electrons from a voltage source or current source. Hence, we can
conclude that "all electric circuits are electric networks" but the converse
need not be true.
3)Current
The current "I" flowing through a conductor is nothing but the time
rate of flow of charge. Mathematically, it can be written as
I=dQ/dt
4)Voltage
The voltage "V" is nothing but an electromotive force that causes the
charge (electrons) to flow. Mathematically, it can be written as
V=dW/dQ

5)Power
The power "P" is nothing but the time rate of flow of electrical energy.
Mathematically, it can be written as
P=dW/dt
 Network Element
Network elements can be either
1)active element
2)passive element.
*Active elements are the elements which supply power or energy to
the network.
voltage sources and current sources are the examples of Active
elements.
*Passive elements are the elements which either store energv or
dissipate energy in the form of heat. Resistor, inductor and capacitor are
the three basic passive elements.
 1.Branch
2.Junction Point
3.Node
4.Mesh(Loop)
Fig: An Electrical Network
Classification of Electric Circuits
Example: