Use of

Technology
in Research

GRACIELA LOU F. MANA-AY

Topic Outline
• Search Engine
• Softwares in Research
• Copyright and Publication
SEARCH
• Search engines are
ENGINES finding tools to help you
find literature sources via
the internet.
• It is a computer software
used to search data (such
as text or a database) for
specified information.
Finding Tools
• Other terms for finding tools
are indices and resources.
• CATALOGS and DATABASES
are examples of finding tools.
Finding Tools: CATALOGS
• Catalogs index the print and electronic
holdings of libraries or organizations.
• Most catalogs are available online.
• Catalogs contain alphabetical listings
of books, multimedia, journals, and
other library holdings under several
different categories such as title,
author, subject heading, and keyword.
Finding Tools: DATABASES
• Databases index journal articles,
dissertations, research reviews, and
many other literature sources both
published and unpublished.
• Most of the databases are electronic
but a few can still be found as print
indexes or microforms.
Databases CINAHL Databases (Cumulative
for Nursing Index to Nursing and Allied
Health Literature)
Research • Provides indexing of the top
nursing and allied health
literature available, including
nursing journals and
publications from the National
League for Nursing and the
American Nurses Association
Databases MEDLINE Databases
• Available through the National
for Nursing Library of Medicine (NLM),
Research provides access to journals in
the life sciences, with a
concentration on biomedicine.
• Additional versions of
MEDLINE are:
✓MEDLINE with Full Text
✓Medline® Plus
✓PubMed
 COCHRANE DATABASE OF
Databases SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
for Nursing • COCHRANE is a global independent
network of health practitioners,
Research researchers, patient advocates, and others,
who work to identify, appraise, and
synthesize individual research findings.
• COCHRANE LIBRARY is a collection of six
databases that contain different types of
high-quality, independent evidence to
inform healthcare decision making, and a
seventh database that provides information
about groups in the Cochrane
Collaboration
 OVID NURSING DATABASE
Databases • is an institutional subscription database,
for Nursing includes full-text content from current
journals through Lippincott Williams &
Research Wilkins, combined with a nursing subset of
MEDLINE.
• The Ovid Nursing Database also provides
access to these sources:
o The Joanna Briggs Institute EBP Database
of Evidence Based Recommended
Practices
o Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Library
website
 PsychINFO
Databases • prepared by the American
for Nursing Psychological Association, covers
Research literature from psychology and
related disciplines, such as nursing.
• PsychINFO provides abstracting and
indexing for journals, book chapters,
and books and dissertations.
Databases PROQUEST DISSERTATIONS
& THESES DATABASE
for Nursing • (PQDT) is a comprehensive
Research collection of dissertations and
theses. Degree-granting
institutions submit copies of
dissertations and theses to
University Microfilms
International (UMI) and citations
for these dissertations and
theses are included in the online
database.
Databases SCIENCE DIRECT
• an Elsevier product, provides
for Nursing abstracting and indexing for
Research scientific, technical, and medical
peer-reviewed journals and
books.
• It is a multidisciplinary database
that includes nursing, allied
health, and other health science
sources.
Databases SCOPUS
• Another Elsevier product, is an
for Nursing abstract and citation database of
Research scientific journals,books, and
conference proceedings.
• Aims to deliver a comprehensive
overview of the world’s research
output in the fields of science,
technology, medicine, social
sciences, and arts and
humanities.
 GOOGLE SCHOLAR (GS)
Databases • It is a popular bibliographic
for Nursing search engine that was launched
Research in 2004.
• GS includes articles in journals
from scholarly publishers in all
disciplines and includes books,
technical reports, and other
documents.
USES OF • A computer-based
SOFTWARE application that converts
inputs into outputs to
support the user in one
or more research tasks.
Quantitative Data
• Statistical Package for the Social
Sciences (SPSS)
• A programs that assist
researchers with their complex
data analysis needs and is
relatively easy to use if you have
basic computer knowledge.
Qualitative Data
• Computer-assisted qualitative data
analysis software (CAQDAS)
• These programs permit an entire
data set to be entered onto the
computer and coded; text
corresponding to specified codes can
then be retrieved for analysis.
Grammar Checker and
Plagiarism Detection
• Grammarly
• It is a cross-platform Cloud-
based writing assistant that reviews
spelling, grammar, punctuation,
clarity, engagement and delivery
mistakes in real-time.
Plagiarism Detection
• Turnitin
• Turnitin is web-based service that
indicates what part of a student’s
submitted writing matches other text
its search engine can reach.
Republic Act 8293 with amendments from
Republic Acts 9150, 9502, and 10372
INTELLECTUAL CREATION
▹ The product of mental labor embodied in
writing or some other material form
▹ It is one of the original modes of acquiring
ownership

The term "intellectual property rights" consists of:

1. Copyright and Related Rights;
2. Trademarks and Service Marks;
3. Geographic Indications;
4. Industrial Designs;
5. Patents;
6. Layout-Designs of Integrated Circuits; and
7. Protection of Undisclosed Information
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY OFFICE (IPO)
The IPO shall be divided into seven (7)
Bureaus:
1. The Bureau of Patents;
2. The Bureau of Trademarks;
3. The Bureau of Legal Affairs;
4. The Documentation, Information and
Technology Transfer Bureau;
5. The Management Information System
and EDP Bureau; and
6. The Administrative, Financial and
Personnel Services Bureau.
7. The Bureau of Copyright and Other
Related Rights
PATENTS
▹ A grant made by the government to an
inventor, conveying and securing to him the
exclusive right to make use of his invention
for a given period .

Sec. 21. What is patentable?

▹ Any technical solution of a problem in any
field of human activity which is:
1. new [novel],
2. involves an inventive step, and
3. is industrially applicable
▹ It may be, or may relate to:
1. a product, or
2. a process, or
3. an improvement of any of the foregoing.
TRADEMARKS
1. Trademark – Any visible sign capable of
distinguishing the goods of an enterprise
2. Service Mark – Any visible sign capable of
distinguishing services of an enterprise
3. Trade name – The name or designation
identifying or distinguishing an enterprise

How Marks are Acquired.

Q: How can a mark be acquired?
A: The rights in a mark shall be acquired
through registration made validly in
accordance with the provisions of this law
COPYRIGHT
▹ Copyright is a form of intellectual property
right and refers to the legal term used to
describe the rights that creators have over
their literary and artistic works.
▹ What Types of Rights does Copyright
Provide?
￭ Economic Rights
￭ Moral Rights
COPYRIGHT
▹ Author or creator refers to the natural
person who created the work.
▹ Published works being submitted for
copyright registration should carry a
copyright notice printed in front or at the
back of the title page (for books) or in any
clear space (for non-book materials such as
CDs, posters, brochures, etc.) in the
following form: Philippine Copyright (Year of
Publication) by (Name of Copyright Owner)
COPYRIGHT
▹ Sec. 177. Copyright or Economic Rights –
Shall Consist of:
▹ The exclusive right to:
1. carry out,
2. authorize or
3. prevent
COPYRIGHT
▹the following acts:
1. Reproduction of the work or substantial portion of
the work;
2. Dramatization, translation, adaptation, abridgment,
arrangement or other transformation of the work;
3. The first public distribution of the original and each
copy of the work by sale or other forms of transfer of
ownership;
4. Rental of the original or a copy of an audiovisual or
cinematographic work, a work embodied in a sound
recording, a computer program, a compilation of
data and other materials or a musical work in graphic
form, irrespective of the ownership of the original or
the copy which is the subject of the rental;
5. Public display of the original or a copy of the work;
6. Public performance of the work; and
7. Other communication to the public of the work.
COPYRIGHT
How Do I Obtain Copyright Protection?
▹ Copyrightable works are granted
automatic protection under the
Intellectual Property Code of the
Philippines from the moment of their
creation, irrespective of their mode or form
of expression, as well as their content,
quality, and purpose.
COPYRIGHT
How Long Does Copyright Subsist?
▹ In general, the term of protection of works
under copyright covers the lifetime of the
author and fifty (50) years after the
author’s death.
COPYRIGHT
Sec. 175. Works NOT Protected by Copyright
▹ No protection shall extend, under this law, to:
1. any idea, procedure, system, method or
operation, concept, principle, discovery or mere
data as such, even if they are expressed,
explained, illustrated or embodied in a work;
2. news of the day and other miscellaneous facts
having the character of mere items of press
information; or
3. any official text of a legislative, administrative
or legal nature, as well as any official translation
thereof.
COPYRIGHT
▹ Sec. 178. Rules on Copyright Ownership
▹ Copyright ownership shall be governed by
the following rules:

1. Original literary and artistic works - copyright

shall belong to the author of the work;
2. In the case of works of joint authorship:
a. the co-authors shall be the original owners of
the copyright and in the absence of agreement,
their rights shall be governed by the rules on co-
ownership
b. if a work of joint authorship consists of parts that
can be used separately and the author of each
part can be identified, the author of each part
shall be the original owner of the copyright in the
part that he has created;
COPYRIGHT
▹ Sec. 178. Rules on Copyright Ownership
▹ Copyright ownership shall be governed by
the following rules:

3. In the case of work created by an author

during and in the course of his employment,
the copyright shall belong to the:
a. EMPLOYEE - if the creation of the object of
copyright is not a part of his regular duties
even if the EE uses the time, facilities and
materials of the ER
b. EMPLOYER - if the work is the result of the
performance of his regularly-assigned duties,
unless there is an agreement, express or
implied, to the contrary.
COPYRIGHT
▹ SEC. 180. Rights of Assignee or Licensee:
▹ The copyright may be:
1. assigned or licensed

a. the assignee or licensee is entitled to all:

i. the rights and
ii. remedies which:
iii. the assignor or licensor had with
respect to the copyright
b. there is a written indication of such
intention
i. Otherwise, not deemed assigned or
licensed inter vivos, in whole or in part
2. in whole or in part
COPYRIGHT
What are the penalties provided by
Philippine law for copyright infringement?
￭ Imprisonment of between 1 to 3 years
and a fine of between 50,000 to 150,000
pesos for the first offense.
￭ Imprisonment of 3 years and 1 day to six
years plus a fine of between 150,000 to
500,000 pesos for the second offense.
￭ Imprisonment of 6 years and 1 day to 9
years plus a fine ranging from 500,000 to
1,500,000 pesos for the third and
subsequent offenses.
Distinction: