REVIEWS 359

f. 132v). Further development is found in the literal translation is: ' his affairs are more in
Amharic andsmta commentary on Deut. 33.6 tune (= better) than the night before '.
(and alluded to in the andamta on Rev. 21.26): •jirt in kpr korqa i'rdi haiyd'i jirt kQziya
' When Reuben's bones were taken out 230 '. . . Bedeutung unklar '. The Azerbaijani
years after he died, they were blackened, to variant of this proverbial saying is given as
verify that a father's curse harms, for he had kor kbra diydr jit (bu )bdri/pdri gozilvd (Mujta-
cursed him, saying, " Reuben, my first-born, hidi, p. 239), and not explained. The puzzling
trembled like water ", when he went in to his word jirt, as the usage suggests, is a vulgar
father's concubine; to verify that a father's onomatopoeic interjection expressing con-
blessing confers benefit, his bones whitened.' tempt. A. Vefiq Pasha in his Muntahabdt-i
This illustrates the use of twgxvame studies for durub-i emsdl has given to this proverb a polite
the elucidation of references in other texts, and form : kor kore jilr'et demis.
raises again the complex question of the kdsa . . . kdsa aVCiax bi nimkdsa va"r. This
influence of Jewish sources on Ethiopian is an exact translation of the Persian expres-
commentary material. sion : zir-i kdsa nim-kdsa ast' there are wheels
A few trivia may also be noted. On p. xxi within wheels '.
§ 2 line 6, ' p. 331 ' should read ' p. 332 '. On kildkdn ' froh, heiter, immer lachend'
p. xxii § 2 line 3, the reference to Levine's (P. bisds"). Surely this cannot be derived from
article should read p. 209, not p. 202. On p. 92 Sasidan. Read : bassos.
line 13, kiyaya should be read. The list of ki6n . . . kin tiyi' Zeit des Sonnenaufgangs '.
abbreviations unfortunately omits abbrevia- The explanation by the informant with a
tions for periodicals; the majority will be drawing is fanciful; the phrase is a caique on
familiar to ethiopisants (though not necessarily Persian tiy-i dftdb ' the sun's rays, sunrise '.
to students of general hagiography), but a few, otayluy ' Verlobter(eines Madchen) '. The
e.g. Or and AE, are ambiguous (Orientalia and connexion with otaq ' Zimmer ' is most un-
Annales d'Ethiopie). likely. Cf. adaqlu ' betrothed '.
This work is a valuable contribution to ruhiya ' Mentalitat'. As the example in-
hagiographic studies, and also to Geez text- dicates, here it means, as in Persian ' morale '.
critical methodology, linguistics, and lexico- sijilt ' Identitatskarte'. This is a short
graphy. form of: varaqa-i sijill-i ahvdl.
ROGER \V. COWLEYzdd ' Ding '. This is not derived from the
learned word zdt ' essence, substance', but
GERHARD DOERFER and SEMIH TEZCAN : rather from zdd which inter alia means ' scanty
Worterbuch des Chaladsch (DialeM vonfood, small pittance '.
The publication of this book is a truly
Xarrab). (Bibliotheca Orientalis Hun- important event for Turkish studies. The
garica, xxvi.) 232 pp. Budapest: authors are to be congratulated.
Akademiai Kiado, 1980. $20. T. GANDJEI

The present volume is the second of a ERICH PROKOSCH : Osmanisches Wortgut

projected series of studies on the language of
the Khalaj Turks of Central Persia. It consists im Agypfisch-Arabischen. (Islam-
of a dictionary of the Kharrab dialect of kundliche Untersuchungen, Bd. 78.)
Khalaj based mainly but not exclusively on vii, 141 pp. Berlin : Klaus Schwarz
the material and information provided by Verlag, 1983.
Mr. M. Arabgol, himself a native of Khala-
jistan. The absence of a proper medium This welcome addition to the exiguous
language between the informants and authors library of serious works on lexical borrowings in
could have given rise to misunderstandings, Egyptian Arabic consists of approximately
but this problem has, we are assured, been 1150 entries, preceded by a brief introduction.
overcome by systematic checking. The items dealt with in these entries are
The Dictionary, which is preceded by an labelled variously (t), (v) and (1) (tot, ver-
Introduction concerned with methodological standen and lebendig respectively), although
considerations and problems of transcription, the compiler freely admits that the making of
also has interesting pages on the question of such distinctions is in many cases ' subjectiv
etymology. It contains over 4000 entries; und problematisch '. Discounting (1) variant
excluded are standard Persian loanwords, but forms, (2) personal names ending in -at, 4 and
many Iranian dialect and local words are •iyya, (3) Arabic root scatter arising from
included. In many cases idiomatic phrases, borrowed items, and (4) Arabic forms with such
sayings and expressions are recorded under Persian and Turkish terminations as -ddr, -gi,
main entries. The authors consider the use of -khdna, -li, -lik, -lu, -ndma and -si, the total
a phonemic transcription in the present state reduces to about 650 entries containing
of Khalaj studies ' dangerous and premature ', relevant etymological information ; about 280
and present the material in a very elaborate of the items dealt with there bear the label (t),
phonetic transcription, in which there are no while the remaining 370-odd items are labelled
less than 14 nuances between u and o. (1) or—in a small number of cases—(v).
A few points of detail: The collection builds in particular on the
h
bdsdt ' Teppich'. bdsdti aygi rki Samda work of Vollers, Spiro, Ahmad 'Isa and
koktd'r-dr ' sein Teppich_ ist noch dicker als Littmann (the absence of any reference to
am Tag zuvor '. As basal < bisdt means also R. Nakhla al-Yasu'i, GhardHb al-lahja al-
' a stand, display of goods ', and hence ' affairs, misriyya (Beirut, 1964) is surprising). But the
business ', and kok here stands for ' tune ', the compiler is to some extent the victim as well